初中數(shù)詞詳解

數(shù)詞的用法及練習(xí)numerals數(shù)詞就是表示事物的數(shù)量和順序的詞,分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。一、基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量的多少的詞是基數(shù)詞，如：one,two,three等。構(gòu)成方法如下：1、1-12分別由從one到twelve12個(gè)各不相同的詞表示。2、13-19均以后綴-teen結(jié)尾。3、20-90的整十詞均以后綴-ty結(jié)尾。表示“幾十幾”時(shí)，個(gè)位和十位之間需加結(jié)字符，如：twenty-one,thirty-two,forty-three.4、表示具體、準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)目時(shí)，hundred,thousand,million等詞后不能加-s,如：fivehundred,sixthousand,seventhousand,sevenmillion等。5、當(dāng)hundred,thousand等數(shù)詞與of連用，表示不具體、不準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)目時(shí)，詞尾須加-s。如：thousandsofstudents,millionsoftrees.數(shù)詞:二、序數(shù)詞：序數(shù)詞表示人和事物的順序，其構(gòu)成方法如下：1、不規(guī)則變化：基數(shù)詞onetwothreefiveeightninetwelve序數(shù)詞firstsecondthirdfiftheighthninthtwelfth2.以-ty結(jié)尾的表示“幾十”的基數(shù)詞，先把y變?yōu)镮,再加-eth,如thirty—thirtieth,ninety—ninetieth等。3.表示“第幾十幾”時(shí)，十位數(shù)的“幾十”仍用基數(shù)詞，只把處位部分變成序數(shù)詞就行了。如：thirty-one—thirty－first,forty-two—forty-second等。4.除上述情況外，均在詞尾加-th,如：ten—tenth,onehundred—onehundredth。一、表示事物的編號(hào)基數(shù)詞放在名詞的后邊，該名詞一般要大寫；序數(shù)字放在名詞的前面，加定冠詞。如：Lesson1/thefirstlessonRow3/thethirdlesson二、年、日、時(shí)刻的表達(dá)方法1、“年”用基數(shù)詞，“日”用序數(shù)詞，前面要加定冠詞。讀的順序是月、日、年。如：1999年5月2日讀作：Maythesecond,nineteenninety。2、“時(shí)刻”用基數(shù)詞表達(dá)，同時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1）表示“整點(diǎn)”時(shí)，在基數(shù)詞后加o’clock,如：9o’clock.數(shù)詞的用法:2）分鐘小于或等于30分鐘的，用“分鐘數(shù)+past+鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)”形式；如分鐘數(shù)大于30分鐘的，用“到下一個(gè)分鐘數(shù)所差的分鐘數(shù)+to+下一個(gè)分鐘數(shù)”形式；也可以依次讀鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)和分鐘數(shù)。如：7:20twentypastseven或seventwenty3)注意表示兩個(gè)特殊的表示分鐘的單位詞；30分鐘用half,15分鐘用aquarter。如：6:30讀作：halfpastsix5:45讀作：aquartertosix6:15讀作：aquarterpastsix三、分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法：表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母用復(fù)數(shù)；分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞時(shí)，后面用短語(yǔ)。

如：onethirdofteachersthreesevensoftheboys

??分別用ahalf和aquarter表示。四、“基數(shù)詞-名詞-形容詞”只能用在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。如：sheisa3-year-oldgirl.Theyliveina7-storey-highbuilding.注：這種結(jié)構(gòu)中名詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)，同時(shí)只能作定語(yǔ)，用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，不用連字符，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Jimis10yearsoldthisyear.Jimisa10-year-oldboy.專題例析:例1Thenumber2,146isreadas__________.A.twothousandsandonehundredandfortyandsix.B.twothousandandahundredandforty-six.C.twothousand,onehundredandforty-six.D.twothousands,onehundred,forty-six.分析:英語(yǔ)數(shù)字的讀法是有規(guī)律的,百位跟十位之間加and,十位與個(gè)位用連字符,三位以上的數(shù)用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),第一個(gè)逗號(hào)代表thousand等.根據(jù)數(shù)字的讀法,可以找出正確答案為C.例2Thereare_____peopleinmyfamily.Weliveinthe_____floorinatallbuilding.A.five;sixB.fifth;sixthC.fifth;sixD.five,sixth分析:第一個(gè)空表示數(shù)量肜基數(shù)詞,第二個(gè)空表示順序用序數(shù)詞,選D.例3——Excuseme,howdoesthisnumber20,135read?

——Itreads___________.A.twentythousandsonehundredandthirtyfiveB.twentythousandonehundredthirtyfiveC.twentythousand,onehundredandthirty-fiveD.twentythousands,onehundredandthirty-five分析：根據(jù)數(shù)字的讀法規(guī)律，選C。例4Inourclass______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.threefifthsB.threefifthC.thirdfiveD.thirdfifths分析：根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母用復(fù)數(shù)可以找到正確答案為A。專題訓(xùn)練:Thisabigclass,and______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.twothirdB.secondthreeC.twothirdsD.twothreeThequestionsisveryeasy,evena_____childcananswerit.A.three-yearsoldB.threeyearsoldC.three-year-oldD.threeyearold3.The_____manontheleftisBeckman,afamousfootballplayer.A.twoB.secondC.three4.——Whichclasswonthematchintheend?——I’mnotsure.Maybe_____did.A.ClassThirdB.ClassThreeC.thirdthreeD.ClassThreeCCBD5.Nine_____poundsaweek?That’sverygood.A.hundredofB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.hundred.6.Sharkshavebeenontheearthfor_____years.A.thousandsofB.twothousandsC.twothousandsofD.thousandof7.______peoplecometoJilintovisitMountChangbaieveryyear.A.ThousandsofB.ThousandofC.ThousandsD.Thousand8.Thecomputerwascheap.Ispentonlytwo_____yuanonit.A.thousandsB.thousandC.thousandsofD.thousandofDAAB9.About_____oftheworkersintheclothesfactoryarewomen.A.thirdfifthsB.thirdfifthC.threefifthsD.threefifth10.Theroadisover______metreslong.A.sixhundredsandfifty-twoB.sixhundredandfifty-twoC.sixhundred,fifty-twoD.sixhundred,fiftyandtwo11.Septemberis_____monthoftheyear.A.ninthB.eighthC.theeighthD.theninth12.It’sabout______kilometresfromNanningtoBeijing.A.twothousandfivehundredandsixtyB.twothousandfivehundredsandsixtyC.twothousandsfivehundredandsixtyD.twothousandsfivehundredsandsixtyCBDA13.Everyyear,______fishesarekilledbythepollutedwater.A.millionofB.millionsofC.twomillionsofD.twomillions14.Theboytoldtheoldwoman,“Thetrainwillarriveattwototwo.”Itmeans______.A.2:02B.2:20C.1:58D.1:4015.Sarasaidwewouldmeetat_____infrontofthemuseum.A.onethirtyB.halfanhourC.oneandthirtyD.onepastthirty16.We’llhavea_____holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonthB.two-monthC.twomonth’sD.two-monthsBCAB17.Nowchildren,turntopage______andlookatthe_____pictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth;oneB.twenty;oneC.twentieth;firstD.twenty;first18.Todaywearegoingtolearnthe____lesson.A.twentyB.twentithC.twentiethD.twentyth19.Dinosaureggswerefoundinthe_____.A.1990B.1990thC.1990sD.1990s’20.——HowoftendoItakeit?——______.A.twiceB.twiceadayC.twiceonedayD.intwicedaysDCCB練習(xí)題：1.寫出下列數(shù)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞。1)One

.2)Two

.3)three

.4)nine

.5)twelve

.6)twenty

.7)eighty-eight

.8)sixty-two

.9)fifty-four.

10)fourhundred.11)sixth.

12)thirteenth.13)eleventh

14)hundredth.firstsecondthirdninthtwelfthtwentietheighty-eighthsixty-secondfifty-fourthfourhundredthsixthirteenelevenOnehundredandthree2.根據(jù)提示完成下列英文句子。1）6:30--whattimeisit?--itis.2)4月1日Todayis.3)2+1=3

isthree.3.選擇填空。1）

ofthevisitorsareforeibners.

A.ThreefiveB.Three-fifthC.Three-fifthsD.Thirdfive2）Thereare

peopleonthesquare.

A.hundredsB.hundredofC.hundredsofD.fivehundreds3)Theteacheraskedustowritea

compositioninonehour.

A.three-hundred-wordsB.threehundredofwordsC.three–hundreds-wordsD.three–hundred–wordApril1stsixthirty/halfpastsixtwoplusoneCCD4)--What

isCharliein?--Heisin.

A.row,rowFourB.row,RowFourC.rows,fourrowDrows,rowFour.5)–Howmuchisfive

six?--Eleven.

A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided4.寫出下列數(shù)字的英語(yǔ)讀法。1)4/7.2)0.28.3)1/4.4)3.14.5)30%.5)0.7%.BAfoue-seventhsaquarterzeropointtwoeightthreepointonefourzeropointsevenpercentthirtypercent從事物內(nèi)容上分析，基數(shù)詞用在下列情況。

1)編號(hào)的事物用基數(shù)詞。TodaywearegoingtostudyLessonFive.今天我們要學(xué)習(xí)第五課。Pleaseopenyourbooksatpageten.請(qǐng)打開(kāi)書，翻到十頁(yè)。WeliveinRoom101.我們住在101房間。2)表示“年，月，日”時(shí)用基數(shù)詞。Theaccidenttookplacein1982.這次事故發(fā)生在一九八二年。IwasborninOct.11,1956.我出生在一九五六年，十月，十一日。YoucouldseemanyflowersinJune.六月份你可以看到好多花。3)表示“幾點(diǎn)鐘，幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分”用基數(shù)詞。It'sthreeo'clock.現(xiàn)在是三點(diǎn)鐘。Itistwototwo.現(xiàn)在是兩點(diǎn)差兩分。WearrivedinBeijingatfivetoseven.我們七點(diǎn)差五分到達(dá)北京。4)用于加減乘除的數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞。Oneplustwoisthree.一加二等于五。Eightminusfourisfour.八減四等于四。Twotimestwoisfour.二乘二等于四。Tendividedbytwoisfive.十除以二等于五。5)表示大幾倍或者小幾倍用基數(shù)詞。Thisriveristwotimeslongerthanthatone.這條河比那條河長(zhǎng)兩倍。Thisboxisfivetimeslessthanthatone.這個(gè)盒子比那個(gè)盒子小五倍。Fivetimessixisthirty.五乘以六得三十。6)表示百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)詞。Thirtypercentofthemiswater.它們當(dāng)中有30%的水。Eightypercentofwhathesaidistrue.他的話有80%是真實(shí)的。7)表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞,但分母要用序數(shù)詞,如分子不是1，序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。One-fifthofthebooksaremine.三分之一的書是我的。Three-tenthsofwaterisdisappeared.十分之三的水不見(jiàn)了。8)表示有小數(shù)的詞用基數(shù)詞。5.5fivepointfive12.135twelvepointonethreefiveone

hundredone

thousandten

thousandone

hundred

thousandone

millionten

millionone

hundred

million

one

billionten

billionone

hundred

billiontens/hundreds/thousands/millionsof

一百

一千

一萬(wàn)

十萬(wàn)

一百萬(wàn)

一千萬(wàn)

一億

十億

一百億

一千億數(shù)十/百/千/百萬(wàn)看誰(shuí)譯得快：序數(shù)詞的變化1onefirst2twosecond3threethi