中考英語動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞

Welcometoourclass暢游時態(tài)海洋動詞時態(tài)復習

一、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語構(gòu)成：1、be動詞：am/is/are2、行為動詞：A：動詞原形

B：動詞+-s(主語為單三)一般現(xiàn)在時的用法：

1.經(jīng)常發(fā)生,反復進行的動作或狀態(tài)。2.客觀事實或普遍真理。3.If;assoonas等引導的狀語從句。4.當主句是祈使句或含有情態(tài)動詞時的從句。常與下列時間狀語連用：often,usually,always,sometimeseveryday/week/Sunday…實戰(zhàn)演練1.Jimusually___(have)lunchathome,butsometimeshe_____(have)itatschool.2.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonashe_____(come)back.3.Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,we’llgotothezoo.4.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilit__(stop).5.Youmaygoouttoplaywhenyou________(finish)yourhomework.hashascomesdoesn’trainstopsfinish6.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_________(travel)roundthesun.7.---Doyouknowifwe________(go)tothecinematomorrow?---Ithinkwe’llgoifwe_________(nothave)toomuchhomework.8.ShewatchesTVtwiceaweek.___________doesshewatchTV?travelswillgodon’thaveHowoften9.Jimhaslunchathomeeveryday.(否定句)Jim____________lunchathomeeveryday.10.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.(一般疑問句)

______he____hishomeworkeveryday?11.Hehasfewfriends,__________?(反意疑問句)

doesn’thaveDoesdodoeshe二、現(xiàn)在進行時★現(xiàn)在進行時的謂語構(gòu)成：am/is/are+動詞ing★現(xiàn)在進行時的用法：表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，常與時間狀語now,thisweek,thesedays

等連用。另外，我們還要注意句中的隱含條件（如：look,listen,It’snineo’clock等）。如：★Look!Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomework.★Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.★Don’tgoout!It’sraininghardoutside.有些動詞如come,go,leave,begin,等的現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示預定的或即將發(fā)生的動作,句中常有表示將來的狀語:I’mleavingonSundaymorning.Jimiscomingherethisevening.實戰(zhàn)演練1.Look!Somechildren___________(play)footballontheplayground.2.Listen!Someone___________(play)thepianointheroom.3.ThestudentsofClassTwo________(work)onthefarmnow.4.Bequiet!Yourfather____________(sleep).5.Don’tgoout!It__________(rain)hardoutside.areplayingisplayingareworkingissleepingisraining三、一般過去時一般過去時的構(gòu)成：

★

動詞的過去式一般過去時的用法：

★表示過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài).用于一般過去時的時間狀語有:yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening,lastnight/week/month/Sunday/

justnow,halfanhourago等。haveameeting,yesterdayWehadameetingyesterday.giveaconcert,lastmonthJaygaveaconcertlastmonth.

joinWTO,in2001ChinajoinedWTOin2001.getmarried,in1999Theygotmarriedin1999.

visitCanada,lastThursdayHevisitedCanadalastThursday.die,December9HediedinShanghaionDec.9.實戰(zhàn)演練1.____you_____agoodtimelastSunday?2.Theheadmaster____________(notsay)anythingatthemeetingyesterday.3.Haveyoueverbeenthere?Yes,I_________(go)therelastspring.4.Lily____(fall)offherbikeand___(hurt)

herselflastMondayafternoon.

Didhave

didn’tsaywentfellhurt5.It’salongtimesincewe_____last.A.meetB.metC.willmetD.havemet6.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?---Yes,I______therelastspring.A.goB.havegoneC.willgoD.wentBD5.Mr.Liinvitedhertotheparty.（改為一般疑問句）

_____Mr.Li_____hertotheparty?6Theyaskedtheteacheraquestion.（改為否定句）They_______________theteacheraquestion.7.Hesaidnothingatthemeeting.(同義句)He_____say_______atthemeeting.Didinvitedidn’taskdidn’tanything8.TomwatchedTVfortwohours.(對畫線部分提問）______________Tom_______TV?9.Shehelpedmedosomecleaning.(對畫線部分提問）__________She_____you____?10.Theykneweverythingonlyafteryoutoldthem.(同義句)Theyknew________________youtoldthem.Howlongdid

watchWhatdiddohelpnothinguntil四、一般將來時1、一般將來時的構(gòu)成：

1）will+動詞原形2）am(is,are)goingto+動詞原形2、一般將來時的用法：一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表將來的時間狀語連用。如:

tomorrow,today,tonight,nextspring/week/month/year…Whatwillyoudonextweek?We’llonlystayfortwoweeks.實戰(zhàn)演練1.There________(be)anEnglishfilmonTVtonight.2.____we___(go)totheparknextSunday?3.He_________(notgo)homeuntilhefinisheshishomework.4.What____you____(do)nextSunday?5.I________(be)freetomorrowmorning.willbeShallgowon’tgowilldoWillbe6.Thereisgoingto_____ameetingnextweek.A.beB.haveC.isD.has7.---Idon’tknowifit___tomorrow.---Ifit________,we’llstayathome.A.willrain;rainsB.rains;rainsC.willrain;willrainD.rains;willrainAA

五、過去進行時1、過去進行時的構(gòu)成：

★was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞2、過去進行時的用法：

★過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作，常用的時間狀語有：1)atthistimelastnight,at9:00yesterday2)whenIsawhim;whileIwaswatchingTV3)fromseventonine4)yesterday,lastyear,yesterdaymorning

★Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?

★Hewasdrawinganelephantontheblackboardwhentheteachercamein.實戰(zhàn)演練We_________________(watch)TVwhenhecametoseeus.2.I______________(draw)apictureatthistimeyesterdaymorning.3.What______you______(do)whentheteachercamein?4.Whilewe_____________(talk),theteachercamein.werewatchingwaswatchingweredoingweretalking六、現(xiàn)在完成時1.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：

助動詞have(has)+動詞的過去分詞

注：has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，have用于其他所有人稱。

2．現(xiàn)在完成時的用法：（1）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副詞just，already,before,yet,never,ever等狀語連用。

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會持續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎緩倪^去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時間的狀語連用。如:for＋時間段和since＋時間點或時間壯語從句，以及sofar等。

①ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years.②Theyhavelivedheresince1990.注意：表示短暫時間動作的詞，如come,go,die,join,buy等的完成時不能與for,since等表示一段時間的短語連用。

(3).havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的區(qū)別：

★have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾經(jīng)去過”某地,說話時此人很可能不在那里,已經(jīng)回來。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷?！飄ave/hasgone(to)表示某人“已經(jīng)去了”某地，說話時此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在這里。將暫短性動詞改為相應的延續(xù)性動詞或短語和一段時間連用，其常用的方法有：a.用相應的延續(xù)性動詞替換的主要有：

buyhave

borrowkeep

catch/getacoldhaveacoldgettoknowknowjointhePartybeaPartymember短暫性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞leavebeaway(from)

diebedeadbeginbeon

comeherebeherefallasleepbeasleep

jointheArmybeintheArmycometowork/livework/live

begintostudy/teachstudy/teachB.把誤句中表示一段時間的狀語改為表示過去時間的狀語，原動詞的完成時改為過去時Hecameherethreemonthsago.C.用“Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since

(一般過去時)”結(jié)構(gòu)。Itis/hasbeenthreemonthssincehecamehere.D.用“多長時間+haspassed+since(一般過去時)”結(jié)構(gòu)：Threemonthshaspassed

since

hecamehere.(4)暫短性動詞的肯定式的完成時不能和howlong連用。如：誤：Howlonghaveyouborrowthebook?正：Howlong

haveyou

kept

thebook?

正：When

didyou

borrow

thebook?典型題例1._____youever____(eat)Beijingduck?2.Iwon’tgotothecinemathisSundaybecauseI_____________(see)italready.3.Where’sJim?He_____(go)toEngland.4.Myfather_________(be)toBeijingmanytimes.5.Mr.Green_____(work)heresince1989.6.We_____(know)eachotherforayear.Haveeatenhaveseenhasgonehasbeenhasworkedhaveknown7.It’salongtimesincewe____(meet)last.8.Wehavebeenhereforfouryears.(同義句)We________herefouryears_______.9.It’sfiveyearssincemygrandfatherdied.(同義句)Myfatherhas_________forfiveyears.10.Mybrotherhasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.(同義句)Myfather___________twoyearsago.met

cameagobeendeadjoinedthearmy11.It’salongtimesincewemetlast.(同義句)We__________eachotherforlongtime.12.Iboughtthewatchfiveyearsago.(同義句)I________thewatchforfiveyears.13.I’vekeptthebookfortwoweeks.(同義句)It’stwoweeks_____I_________thebook.haven’tseenhavehadsinceborrowed14.Shehasalreadyseenthefilm.(否定句)She______seenthefilm_______.15.You’veneverriddenahorse,________?(反意疑問句)16.I’vebeentoBeijingtwice.(劃線提問)How_______haveyoubeentoBeijing?17.Hehaslivedhereforfouryears.(劃線提問)__________hashelivedhere?18.MymotherwenttoBeijing.Shehasn’tcomebackyet.(同義句)Mymotherhas_________Beijing.hasn’tyethaveyoumanytimesHowlonggoneto七、過去完成時的用法1、概念：表示過去的過去。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：had+過去分詞2、過去完成時的用法：（1）過去完成時表示過去某一時刻或者某一動作之前完成的動作或狀態(tài)；句中常用by,before,until,when等詞引導的時間狀語。★Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.★Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.2）過去完成時的動詞還可以表示過去某一時刻之前發(fā)生的動作或者狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去某個時間或者持續(xù)下去。

★Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.

實戰(zhàn)演練1.WhenIgotthere,thebus_______already________(go).2.Thefilm__________(be)onforfiveminuteswhenIgottothecinema.3.We__________(learn)about1,000newEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.4.Bythetimewegotthere,thetrain________(leave).hadgonehadbeenhadlearnthadleft時間現(xiàn)在過去那時所預見的情況八、過去將來時一、基本概念：過去將來時表示從過去的某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。它是一個相對的時態(tài)，即立足于過去某時，從過去的某一時間看即將發(fā)生的事情就要用這一時態(tài)。

二、基本形式：would／should＋

動詞原形（其中would

用于各種人稱，should

常用于第一人稱）。例如：

★

Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory．

他們堅信會贏得最后勝利。

三、過去將來時的一些其它表達形式:

1.Was／were＋goingto＋動詞原形

★Hesaiditwasgoingtorain．他說天要下雨了。2．過去進行時（一般多為動作概念較強的動詞，如go,come,leave,start，

open,begin

等）也可用于表示將來。

★Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain．我不知道他們什么時候再來。1.MissChen___usEnglishlastterm.

A.teachesB.taughtC.willteachD.hadtaught典型例題解析B2.—Excuseme.LookatthesignNOPHOTOS!—Sorry,I_________it.A.don'tseeB.didn'tseeC.haven'tseenD.won'tseeB3.Mymother___thewindowsalready,sotheroomlooksmuchbrighter.A.hascleanedB.hadcleanedC.iscleaningD.willcleanA

4.He_______thispenforfiveyears.He_______itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasboughtD.hashad,boughtDD

5.---Peter,couldyoucomeandhelpmeinthekitchen,please?---Sorry,mum,I___LilywithherEnglish.

A.helpB.helpedC.havehelpedD.amhelping

6.—Whenwillyoutellhimthegoodnews?—Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashe____back.

A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.iscomingA7.Idon'tknowifmyfriend____.Ifhe_____,I'llletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.comes,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.willcome,willcome8.Johnsaidhe_________supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washaringC.hadD.haseatenCA9.There____twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave10.It____3yearssinceI___toNo.1MiddleSchool.A.is,comeB.is,havecomeC.was,cameD.is,cameAD9.Kate______tobeduntilhermother_____back.won'tgo,comeB.hadn'tgonecameC.went,cameD.didn'tgo,came10.Hisbrother_________fromhomeforalongtime.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.leftD.willleave

DB11.---IsyourEnglishteacherkindtoyou?---Yes,Listen!He______withsomeofourclassmatesoverthere.chatB.ischattingC.waschatting12.---When___you____forBeijing?---Thedayaftertomorrow.A.do…leaveB.are…leavingC.have…leftD.are…leaveBBⅡ.用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1.Mybrotherisn'tathomenow.He

________(go)toBeijing.He______

(be)theremanytimes.He

_______(notbe)backuntilnextweek.2.WhenIgothome,mymother______(go)outforawalk.hasgonehasbeenwon'tbehadgone3.He_________(finish)hiscompositionjustnow.4.Bytheendoflastmonth,we______(learn)tenEnglishsongs.5.

____she____(do)morningexerciseseveryday?

finishedhadlearnt

Does

do

6.Ourcountry

_____________(change)alotsince1982.9.Listen!Someone___________(sing)inthenextroom.10.Ourteachertoldustheearth_______(go)aroundthesun.haschangedissinging

goes改錯專訓1.Kate’sunclehasgone

toBeijing

twice.2.We’llgotothezooifitwon’t

rain

tomorrow.3.Themeetinghas

begun

for

halfanhour.hasgone---hasbeenwon’t---doesn’tbegun---beenon4.Lucywithhissister

are

flyingkites

now.5.There

isgoingto

haveameeting

tonight.6.Thedog

died

fiveyears

before.7.Howlong

haveyoubought

thepen?are---ishaveameeting---beameetingbefore---agobought---had8.Wehave

beenheresince

fouryears.9.Mybrotherhas

joined

theArmy

forthreeyears.10.Theteachersaid

thatlighttravelled

fasterthansound.11.Youhaveto

stayhere,haven’t

you?since---forjoined---beenintravelled---travelshaven’t---don’t12.Theboysaid

thathewillgotothezoothisSunday.13.Wehavelearnt1,000words

by

theendoflastterm.14.It’s

threeyears

sincewecomehere.willgo---wouldgohavelearnt---hadlearntcome---came15.Couldyoutellmehowlongyou

haveboughtthecomputer?16.Shewillgo

shoppingnextSunday

ifshewon’tbebusy.17.You’ve

nevereatenfish,doyou?havebought---havehadwon’tbe---isn’tdoyou---haveyou被動語態(tài)

(PassiveVoice)

Sentencestructure:be+done(pp.)1.(一般現(xiàn)在時被動式)am/is/are+done2.(一般過去時被動式)was/were+done3.(現(xiàn)在完成時被動式)have/has+been+done4.(一般將來時被動式)shall/will+be+done5.(情態(tài)動詞被動式)can/may/must/should…+be+done6.(現(xiàn)在進行時被動式)am/is/are/+being+done7.(過去進行時被動式)was/were+being+done

走進中考---Thesebananaslookdifferentandtheyaresweet.---Right.They__herefromTaiwanyesterday.A.wasbroughtB.werebroughtC.bringD.arebroughtB2.---Susan,whyareyoustillhere?theyareallreadytostart.---I’msorry,butI___whentostart.A.don’ttellB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold3.Theflowers____everyday,ortheywilldie.A.mustwaterB.canbewaterC.shouldwaterD.mustbewateredDD4.ThedoctorlookedoverPetercarefullyafterhe__tothehospital.A.takesB.istakenC.tookD.wastaken5.Oh,thisisreallyabigshop.Doyouknowwhenit________?A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.hasbeenbuiltDB6.---Howcleanyourclassroomis!---Thankyou.It______everyday.A.iscleanedB.wascleanedC.wascleaningD.iscleaning7.---Thepollutionproblemhereseemstogetmoreandmoreserious.---Yes,something____withit.A.hasdoneB.mustbedoneC.isdoingD.wasdoneAB8.---What’swrongwithyou?---I_______byacaryesterday.A.washitB.hitC.ishitD.hits9.Youmaygoouttoplaywhenyourhomework_______.doesB.isdoneC.wasdoneD.did10.We_____byClass2yesterday.A.beatB.beatenC.werebeatenD.arebeatenABC8.Weshouldwatertheyoungtreeseverytwodays.(被動語態(tài))Theyoungtreesshould__________everytwodays.9.Wecleanthewindowsofourclassroomtwiceamonth.(被動語態(tài))Thewindowsofourclassroom____________twiceamonth.bewateredarecleaned10.Thechildrenateupalltheapplesinthebasket.(被動語態(tài))Alltheapplesinthebasket___________upbythechildren.11.Theworkersbuiltthebridgefiveyearsago.(被動語態(tài))Thebridge_____________fiveyearsago.wasbuiltwereeaten表示可能、懷疑、允諾、愿望、義務、必要、猜測等的動詞是情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞1.can

可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測，意為“能會，可以”；can’t意為“不會，不能，不可以”，還有“不可能”之意。could為can的過去式，用法與can類似，常用于過去時中；could還可用于現(xiàn)在時中表示委婉客氣，相當于can；could也可表示驚訝懷疑，不相信，

常用情態(tài)動詞的用法(2)may表示允許、也許，意為“可以,也許,可能”。對may的一般問句的回答:★肯定回答一般是:Yes,please./SureCertainly/等，★否定回答一般是:Pleasedon't./No,youcan't/mustn't.(3)must表示必須要做的事，意為“必須，應該”。★must一般問句的否定回答用needn‘t或don’thaveto,而不用mustn’t.★mustn’t意為“不可以，不能”，表禁止，不許可?！飉ust還可表示有把握的推測，意為“一定、肯定”。(4)

Shall,will用來征求對方意見,shall用于第一人稱,

will用于第二人稱，用來表示意愿;

★Shallwegototheparktomorrow?

★WillyoubefreenextSunday?(5)would,should為will，shall的過去式，would用于現(xiàn)在時，表示委婉提出請求、建議或看法.

★Wouldyoupleasenotdoitagain?Sorry,Iwon’tdoitagain.1.—Where'sMr.Li?Ihavesomethingimportanttotellhim.—You____findhim.He____Japan.A.maynot,hasgonetoB.maynot,hasbeentoC.can't，hasgonetoD.can't,hasbeento典型例題解析C2.—CouldIlookatyourpictures?—Yes,ofcourseyou_________.A.couldB.canC.willD.might3.—WhereisJack，please?—He______beintheclassroom.A.canB.needC.wouldD.mustBD

4.Theb