M1U3-3-非限制性定語從句

GrammarTheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause

Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.她有兩個在這個城市工作的弟弟。(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)b)Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有兩個弟弟,他們在這個城市工作。(Shehasonlytwobrothers.)品味一“翻”下面兩個句子只有一個逗號之差,意義大相徑庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不會穿一些使他顯得與眾不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,這會使他顯得與眾不同。非限制性定語從句構(gòu)成：+,+關系詞先行詞Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分非限制性定語從句中關系詞的指代關系指人指物在定語從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose√√主語 主語 賓語定語√√√賓語指代整個主句關系副詞(where,when)的指代關系指地點指時間在定語從句中的作用WhereWhen√√時間狀語地點狀語that,why不能在非限制性定語從句中使用。tip介詞+which限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關系十分密切，寫時不用逗號分開。限制性定語從句中作賓語的關系代詞?？墒÷浴Ｈ?Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多倫多是我常想去參觀的一個城市。2.非限制性定語從句和主句關系不十分密切,只是對先行詞作些附加的說明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開,不用that引導。非限制性定語從句中,關系詞不可省略。如：Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都羅馬歷史非常悠久。b)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,whocamefromtheUniversityofLondon.昨天我遇見金教授,他從倫敦大學來的。3.大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語從句的先行詞往往為某一個詞或短語,而有時非限制性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個主句,此時非限制性定語從句常由which引導。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一個中年女子殺害了其丈夫,這事令我十分恐懼。eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一個五歲的男孩會講兩門外語,令所有在場的人感到非常驚訝。

Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldier

alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學.(意含:她還有其他哥哥)比較下列句子:2.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當兵的,他總是鼓勵她上大學。(意含:她只有一個哥哥)當我們做非限制性定語從句的練習時,確定先行詞,分析先行詞在從句中的作用,對關系詞加以選擇。整理一番品讀規(guī)律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.先行詞指物,在從句中做主或賓語,用關系詞which,不能用thatAs引導的非限制性定語從句,可放在主句之前，也可放在主句后面。先行詞在從句做定語,用關系詞whoseAllthatglittersisnotgold,aseveryoneknows.介詞+關系代詞,介詞的選用,要根據(jù)從句的謂語動詞的構(gòu)成。PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行詞在從句中做時間狀語,用when或介詞+which。Cindyisalovelygirl,with

whommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

As

在引導非限制性定語從句中，可指代整個主句內(nèi)容，并有“正如、像……一樣”的含義，其位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后，且無“正如”之意。Asweallknow,heisafamousscientist.Asiswellknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.常與as連用的詞有know,see,expect,pointout

等。試比較下面兩個句子。

Hewentabroad,__________wasexpected.Hewentabroad,__________wasunexpected.aswhich當從句是否定句或表示否定意義時，只能用which引導。限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別

限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句從句與先行詞的關系從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如果省去，主句的意思就會不完整或不明確。從句只是對先行詞的附加說明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整標

志從句和主句之間不用逗號分開從句和主句之間通常用逗號分開關系代詞指人who(that)whom指物which(that)人和物的whose關系代詞在從句中作賓語時可以省去指人who（作主語）whom（做賓語）指物which人和物的whose關系代詞一般不可省修飾從句只修飾一個名詞或代詞可以修飾一個名詞或代詞也可修飾整個主句翻譯定語從句譯在被修飾詞的前面定語從句通常被譯成另一個獨立的句子小試牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetition

Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhich習慣篇開心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclauseShewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

練一練3.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大樓),_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

7.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which8.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itB

B9.Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andC10._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.ItD

C

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