反復(fù),首語重復(fù),尾詞重復(fù),擬人,諷喻

Repetition(反復(fù)）Itisapowerfulrhetoricaldevicewhichcreatesgoodrhythmandparallelismtomakethelanguagemusical,emphatic,attractive,andmemorable.Example:

Weshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden（負擔(dān)）,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.

Itisafigureofspeechinvolvingtherepetitionofthesamewordatthebeginningofsuccessive,phrases,clauses,sentencesorverses（詩）.Example:

thelanguage,themoney,thecars,thelicenseplates(駕照）onthecars,thebread,thefood,thenewspapers,theparks,andthepeople.

Anaphora（首語重復(fù)）[?’n?f?r?]Itistherepetitionofthesamewordsorphrasesattheendofsuccessivelines,clauseorsentences.Example:Wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththem,andgrieve[ɡri:v]withthem.

我們同情他們，和他們共甘苦，和他們共患難。Epiphora（尾詞重復(fù)）[?'p?f?r?]Itisafigureofspeechwhichattributeshumancharacteristicstoimpersonalthings,suchasanimals,inanimateobjects,orabstractions.Example:Thestormwasragingandangryseawascontinuouslytossing(抖動)theirboat.personificationItisastoryinverseorprosewithadoublemeaning:aprimaryorsurfacemeaning,andasecondaryorunderthesurfacemeaning.Example:Forexample,toa46-year-oldmancominginforaroutinephysicalcheckupjustbeforegoingonvacationwithhisfamilywho,thoughhefeelsinperfecthealth,isfoundtohaveaformofcancerthatwillcausehimtodiewithinsixmonths.Isitbesttotellhimthetruth?Ifheasks,shouldthedoctorsdenythatheisill,orminimizethegravityoftheillness?Shouldtheyatleastconcealthetruthuntilafterthefamilyvacation?

Allegory（諷喻）['?l?ɡ?r?]Compare:differenceRepetitionAlmosteveryRepetition’srepeatpartisallclause.Forexample:Youaretired,Thord,Youaretired.Liedownonthechest,andresttillsupper.Youaretiredtodeath.Compare:differenceAnaphora

It’scharacteristicistorepeatthefrontwordsinaclauseorsentence.

Forexample:Wewillrallytheworldtothiscausebyourefforts,byourcourage.Wewillnottire,wewillnotfalter（支支吾吾）,andwewillnotfail.Compare:differenceEpiphora

It’scharacteristicistorepeattheendpartofaclauseorsentence.

Forexample:Ifslaveryisnotwrong,nothingiswron