新人教版英語八年級下冊unit8重點講解和練習題

語法聚焦：現(xiàn)在達成時(PresentPerfectTense)現(xiàn)在達成時的定義：1）表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)達成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果?！狪t’ssodark太.黑了?！猄omeonehasturnedoffthelight.有人把燈關上了。2）表示從過去某一時間開始并素來連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。常與since+過去的時間點，for+一段時間，sofar等時間狀語連用。Ihavelivedherefortenyears.我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。（從10年前開始，連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒）Ihavelivedheresince2003.自從2003年我就住在這兒。（從2003年開始，連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒）現(xiàn)在達成時的組成及句式變換：助動詞have/has+過去分詞Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(一定句)Ihavenotfinishedmyhomework.（否認句）③—Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven（一般’疑問t,句及一定、否認回答）現(xiàn)在達成時的標記：①常與just,already,yet,ever,never,before,sofar等連用，重申換作的達成，不重申換作的連續(xù)。HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.for+時間段；since+過去的時間點；since+段時間ago；since+一般過去時的句子。Theyhaveknowneachotherforfiveyears.Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.do__________—____________go__________—___________read______—______see_________—______know____________—_____________eat_______—_________forget_________—_________write________-______

一、依據(jù)句意或漢語提示寫詞。Weoftenseepeopletakeout______andshootothersinactionmovies.LiMingwenttoParisthreeyearsago,nowhecanspeak_________verywell.3.IthinkdictionariesandInternetaregood_______(工具)forustostudyEnglish.Look,Timiswalkingt_______thelibrary.Hewantstoborrowsomebooks.—Wouldyoulikesomethinge_____toeat?—No,thanks.I’mfull.【課后牢固】一、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞適合形式填空(每題4分,共20分)Judyhasalready_______(finish)readingLittleWomen.TomandMikehavealready_______(decide)tolearnChineseonInternet.Haveyou________(read)AliceinWonderlandyet?Robinson________(have)alreadybuiltahouseontheisland.Itoften________(snow)inNorthChinainwinter.yet/alreadyalready平時用于一定句中，意為“已經(jīng)”，位于行為動詞以前，be動詞、助動詞今后。比方：Wehavealreadycleanedtheclassroom.我們已經(jīng)打掃了教室。yet用于疑問句中表示“已經(jīng)”；用于否認句中表示“還（沒）”。比方：—Hashefoundhiswatchyet?—No,notyet.單項選擇：—Haveyoudonemostofyourjobs?—Not_________.Iwilldotheminaminute.A.neitherB.neverC.alreadyD.yetSteve,haveyoudecidedyetwhichbooktowriteaboutforEnglishclass?斯蒂夫，你已經(jīng)決定英語課寫哪本書了嗎？whichbooktowriteabout意為“寫哪一本書”，此處為“疑問詞+動詞不定式”構造，在句中作賓語。Ican’tdecidewhentostart我.不可以決定何時起程。Iamthinkingabouthowtodealwiththeproblem.我正在考慮怎樣辦理這個問題。[拓展]常用于此構造的疑問詞還包含疑問代詞who,whom,what及疑問副詞when,where和how。Hetaughtmehowtopronounceit.他教我怎樣發(fā)音。Ididn’tdecideherewtolive.我沒有決定住哪兒。—Whichdressdoyoulikebest,Madam?—Sorry,Ican’tdecide__________now.A.tobuywhichoneB.buywhichoneC.whichonetobuyD.whichIshouldbuyitItwasreallygood,soIcouldnputitdown’t.putdown意為“記下；放下”，為“動詞+副詞”型短語，賓語若為代詞，應放在put與down中間。________yournameonthepaperandyoucangetamagazine.A.CutdownB.LookdownC.TurndownD.Putdownonetheother,sometheothers的辨析onetheother為固定搭配，用于二者之間，意為“一個另一個”。比方：Hehastwosons.Oneisadoctor,theotherisastudent.他有兩個兒子。一個是醫(yī)生，另一個是學生。2.sometheothers用于三者或三者以上，意為“一些其他的”。比方：Boysareontheplayground.Someareplayingbasketball,theothersareplayingfootball.男孩們都在操場上，一些正打

詞義辨析:success、succeed、successful和successfully的辨析①success：名詞，意為“成功”②succeed：不及物動詞，后常接indoingsth.。succeedinsth.“在某事上獲得成功”；succeedindoingsth.“成功做某事”。successful:形容詞，意為“成功的”。④successfully:副詞，意為“成功地”。選詞填空：succeeded,successful,successfullyShe___________inpassingtheexam.她成功的經(jīng)過了考試。Theperformancewas____________.演出很成功。Ifinishedmytraining____________.我成功地達成了訓練。2.語法聚焦：Thenumberofrecordshehassold...他已售出的唱片的數(shù)目thenumberof意為“的數(shù)目”，作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。ThenumberofvisitorstoHongKonghasnowincreased.現(xiàn)在去香港參觀的人數(shù)已增添。試一試：辨析thenumberof與anumberofInourschoollibrarythere______anumberofbooksonscience,andintheseyearsthenumberofthem______growinglargerandlarger.A.are;isB.is;areC.have;areD.has;isbelongto...屬干，為所擁有belongto...為動詞短語，意為"屬于??????，為??????所擁有"。此中to是介詞，后接名詞或人稱代詞的賓格形式，但不可以跟物主代詞或全部格。?Thisringbelongstomymother.這籃球，其他的正在踢足球。戒指是我媽媽的。）Lilyandhersisterlookthesame.Ican’ttellonefrom____.?Thesebooksbelongtome.這些書是屬于我。注意belongtoA.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others可以與物主代詞或全部格進行句式交換。Thishousebelongstous.=Thishouseisours這座房屋是我們的。ThisCDbelongstoItisn'tA.Tom;SamB.Tom;Sam'sC.Tom's；Sam'sD.Tom's；Sam一、依據(jù)漢語或首字母提示寫詞。（5分）1．WeChineseshouldloveourmotherland（祖國）f____________.2．Whileshewasstudyinga________,sheheardasongfulloffeelingsaboutreturninghome.3．Manysongsthesedaysarejustaboutm_________lifeintheUS,suchastheimportanceofmoneyands_________.4．Thepoet（詩人）lovestheb________ofthenatureandthecountry.5.Weofteni____________ourselvestoothersatthebeginningoftheterm.（學期）二、用所給單詞正確形式填空。（5分）beautifulsouthFrancesuccessfullistenThoughsheisaChinesegirl,shespeaks_________verywell.Taishanhasgivenusthe__________ofnature.Failureisthemotherof___________.Heused__________topopmusicbutnowhelikesrockmusic.Guangdongliesinthe___________partofChina.（一）依據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全單詞。（每題2分，共10分）Explorationteamfoundalotoft_________onthisoldisland.China’sscienceandt__________isdevelopingfast.Hissonhasstudieda__________forfiveyears.Theyliveinoneofthemostm__________citiesintheworld.

DiaoyuIslandsb_________toChinaforever.（二）選擇適合的單詞達成短文。（每題2分，共10分）abroad,success,modern,records,introduceToday,wewill_____afamouspopsingertoyou.HeisStevenHom,aBritishyoungman.Whenhewas12,hehadhisfirstbandwiththreefriendsatschool.Theysoonhadmanyfans.Mostofthemaremiddleschoolstudents.WhenStevenwas18,hewent_________tostudymusic.AfterStevenfinishedhisstudyintheuniversity,hesetuphissecondhand-MagicMaker.Thisbandmainlyplays_______music.Theyhavesoldover50million_______.MagicMakerisabig________andtheyhaveconcertsallovertheworldeveryyear.（三）單項選擇。（每題2分，共20分）( )1.—I’vejustgotanewMP4.—Where____you_______it?—Inashoppingmallnearhere.A.have;boughtB.did;buyC.are;boughtD.were;getting( )2.—WillyougoandseethemovieNetMotherwithme?—Thankyou.ButI_______italready.A.sawB.haveseenC.seeD.willsee( )3.Ibeganwatchinghereanhourago,butnownothing______yet.A.happensB.willhappenC.happenedD.hashappened( )4.It’ssometimeshardtotellonetwinfrom______.A.anotherB.someotherC.otherD.theother( )5.—Look!Abookisonthefloor.Whoseisit?—It________beRick

’s.Ithashisnameonit.A.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.mustD.need(