計(jì)算機(jī)英語課本Lesson3

計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語

ComputerEnglish

引言

introductionHello,everyone.IamyournewEnglishteacher.youcancallMrsGao.Wellcometothisschool.Fromnowon,wecanstudytogether.Ihopeandprogresstogether.Thislessonyouwillintroduceyouselves.SelfintroductionMynameis-------，Iamsixteen,someonelikesreading,someonelikesswimmingandsomeonelikescollectingandsoon.Travelingismyfavoritehobbynow.BytravelingIcanvisitmanydifferentplacesofinterestandlearnalotaboutpeople,placesandhistory.It'sveryinteresting.Ilovetraveling.Ihavegreatfunintraveling.Iwillstudyhard.Thankyou.Lesson2DevelopmentofComputersTeachingimportantanddifficultpointsHowtomakeuseofthenewwordsandexpressions.Howtoexpresstheinformationthey’vegot.DifficultpointsEnglishbriefintroductionofjobinterviewpreparation.ThefirstconsiderationMakealistofhonorsLearnthefirstparagraphNowadays,computershavebecomeoneofournecessitiesinourdailylife.如今，電腦已經(jīng)成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹谋匦杵?。necessity/ni’sesiti/必要性Have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)LearnthefirstparagraphHowever,theywerecompletelyunknowntousseveraldecadesago.然而，幾十年前我們對(duì)它還一無所知。decade/’dekeid/十年LearnthefirstparagraphThedevelopmentofcomputershasgonethrougharapidevolution.電腦的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)快速的演變。gothrough經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受

evolution/

i?v?'lu??(?)n

/進(jìn)展，發(fā)展LearnthefirstparagraphWiththeconstructionofthefirstcomputerENIAC,themoderncomputereracameintobeingsince1950s.隨著第一臺(tái)電腦ENIAC的形成，50年代起就進(jìn)入了現(xiàn)代電腦時(shí)代。construction/k?n'str?k?(?)n/

建筑era/’i?r?/時(shí)代時(shí)期comeinto進(jìn)入LearnthefirstparagraphThehistoryofcomputerscanbedividedintofivegenerations.電腦的歷史可以被分為五個(gè)時(shí)代。

divided/d?‘va?d?d/分開分離

generations/d?en?‘re??(?)n

/一代Eachgenerationismarkedbyasignificantprogress.每個(gè)時(shí)代都標(biāo)志著一個(gè)巨大的進(jìn)步Learnthefirstparagraph

significant/s?g‘n?f?k(?)nt

/重大的重要的LearnthesecondparagraphItisreallyhardtomakeanexactdistinctionofthesefiveperiods.很難對(duì)五個(gè)時(shí)期有一個(gè)清晰的界定distinction/d?‘st??k??n

/區(qū)別

period/‘p??r??d/時(shí)期LearnthesecondparagraphGenerallyspeaking,thefirstgenerationismarkedfrom1951to1958.通常而言，第一代是從1951-1958年Generally/‘d?en(?)r?l?

/通常

marke

標(biāo)記LearnthesecondparagraphAtthattimecomputerswerelargeinsize,expensiveandoftenunreliable.這一時(shí)期電腦體積大，價(jià)格昂貴而且很不穩(wěn)定。unreliable/?nr?‘la??bl

/不可靠的LearnthesecondparagraphThefirstgenerationofcomputerswerebuiltwithvacuumtubes.第一代電腦由真空管組成vacuum/‘v?kj??m

/真空的vacuumtubes真空管ThethirdparagraphThesecondgenerationlastedfrom1959to1964.第二代從1959—1964年。ThethirdparagraphThemaincharacteristicofthisperiodisthattransistorsreplacedvacuumtubes.這時(shí)期的特點(diǎn)是晶體管代替了真空管。Characteristic特征特有的Transistor晶體管ThethirdparagraphDatawasstoredoutsidecomputeroneithermagnetictapeordisk.數(shù)據(jù)被磁帶或磁盤在電腦外部存儲(chǔ)起來。Either……or….不是…而是…..謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。ThethirdparagraphAsaresult,computersbecamemuchsmaller,faster,andmorereliable.因此，電腦變得更小，更快和更可靠。ThefourthparagraphThethirdgenerationofcomputersrangedfrom1965to1970.第三代計(jì)算機(jī)從1965年到1970年。Rangefrom從….到……范圍ThefourthparagraphItissymbolizedbythereplacementoftransistorandtheinvolvementofIC(IntegratedCircuit).它的標(biāo)志是集成電路取代了晶體管。Integrated綜合的，完整的IntegratedCircuit集成電路Involvement連累，包含ThefourthparagraphOwingtoIC,computersinthisperiodbecameevensmallerandfasterandtheirmemorycapacitiesgrewstrongerthaneversince.有了集成電路，這一代的電腦更小更快，它的記憶功能比以往電腦更強(qiáng)。eversince從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在ThefifthparagraphMuchsignificantadvancementwasmadeduringthefourthgenerationwhichlastedfrom1971to1990.第四代是從1971年到1990年，這一時(shí)期有許多重大進(jìn)步。Which引導(dǎo)定于從句，修飾前面的限定詞thefourthgenerationadvancement前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步ThefifthparagraphThemosthistoricchangeinthisperiodistheapplicationofthemicroprocessor.這個(gè)時(shí)期具有歷史性的變化是微處理器的應(yīng)用。Historic歷史上著名的，有歷史性的WWisahistoricevent.二戰(zhàn)是最具有歷史性意義的事件。Thefifthparagraph

Computersofthisgenerationhadmorepowerthanthoseofearliergeneration.這一代電腦比以往幾代都更具威力。those做代詞，代替computers.ThesixthparagraphThefifthgenerationofcomputersisvirtuallydifficulttodefinesinceweareundergoingthisperiodandwehavenoideaaboutwhatistheexacttimetogetintothenextgeneration.第五代電腦實(shí)際上很難界定，因?yàn)槲覀冋幱谶@個(gè)時(shí)期而且也不知道進(jìn)入下一代的具體時(shí)間。ThesixthparagraphUndergo經(jīng)歷，忍受Thistownhasundergomanychanges.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了許多變遷。Virtually事實(shí)上實(shí)質(zhì)上Undergo經(jīng)歷，忍受ThesixthparagraphThefifthgenerationseemstobeginfrom1991topresent.大概從1991年起至今是第五代。ThesixthparagraphOurcurrentgenerationisreferredtoasa“globalvillage”sincetherapidexpandingofnetwork.由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的迅速擴(kuò)張，我們當(dāng)前這一代被稱為“地球村”。ThesixthparagraphReferto有以下幾種用法：1.談及，涉及Shedoesnotlikeanyonereferringtohermistakes.她不喜歡任何人談到她的錯(cuò)誤。2.關(guān)系到Doesthisrefertomybrother?這牽涉到我的兄弟嗎？3.查詢，查閱ThesixthparagraphInternetconnectsourcomputerscloselyandwecanstayathomechattingwithfriendsdistancefarawayfromus.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將我們的電腦連在一起，我們可以在家與遙遠(yuǎn)的朋友聊天。ThesixthparagraphTherapidlydevelopingnewtechnologyenablespeoplearoundtheglobetocommunicatewitheachotherwithouteffort.迅速發(fā)展的新科技使全球的人能輕松地與他交流。Enablesbtodosth使人能夠……Lightenablesyoutosee.光能使你看見東西。ThefirstparagraphHardwareisawordtodescribecomputerdevices.硬件這個(gè)詞是形容計(jì)算機(jī)裝置。Hardware硬件ThefirstparagraphItreferstotheactualmachinerythatmakesupcomputersystem---theCPU,inputdevices,outputdevicesandstoragedevices.它指的是構(gòu)成計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的真實(shí)的機(jī)器----中央處理器，輸入系統(tǒng)，輸出系統(tǒng)和存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)。Machinery機(jī)器機(jī)械Input輸入Device裝置設(shè)備Storage存儲(chǔ)儲(chǔ)藏ThefirstparagraphThat引導(dǎo)主語從句，修飾theactualmachineryItisthesunthatmakesthemoonbright.是太陽(yáng)的光使月亮變得明亮。ThefirstparagraphSomepartscanbeseen,andsomepartscannotbeseenfromtheoutside.有的部分可以從外部看見，有的則不能。ThefirstparagraphWithacomputer,hardwareisthephysicalpart—thestuffyoucantouch,feelinyouhand.對(duì)于計(jì)算機(jī)來說，硬件是切實(shí)可見的，你能觸摸它，手能感覺它的存在。Stuff原料材料Expectedteachingeffect

Studentscanreadandwirtethenewwords.Andbeabletoexpresstheinformationbasedontheusefulexpressionsthey’velearned,andtheycanreadthefirstparagraph.ThesecondparagraphHardwareperformsfourmajorfunctionswhichareinput,processing,outputandstorage.硬件執(zhí)行輸入，處理，輸出和存儲(chǔ)四大功能。Which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾前面的“fourmajorfunctions”ThesecondparagraphInputdevicesofacomputerusuallyincludekeyboard,mouse,modemandscannerwhichprovideawayofcommunicatingwithacomputer.計(jì)算機(jī)輸入系統(tǒng)通常包括鍵盤，鼠標(biāo)，調(diào)制解調(diào)器和掃描儀。人們通過這些設(shè)備與電腦交流。Thesecondparagraph

keyboard鍵盤Modem調(diào)制解調(diào)器Scanner掃描儀Include包含包括Becomposedof用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)compriseconsistof用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)ThesecondparagraphTheytranslatedatathatwecanunderstandintoaformthatacomputercanprocess.它們把我們能理解的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成電腦能處理的數(shù)據(jù)。ThethirdparagraphTheprocessorwhichisoftencalledCPU(CentralProcessingUnit,中央處理器）isthemainchipinacomputerandisalsothemostimportantpartofacomputer.處理器也叫中央處理器是計(jì)算機(jī)的主要芯片，也是計(jì)算機(jī)最主要的部分。ThethirdparagraphItcanbedescribedasthe“brain”ofacomputer.可以把它比喻為計(jì)算機(jī)的“大腦”ThethirdparagraphItprocessesinstructionsandmanagestheflowofinformationthroughacomputersystem.它通過計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)處理指令和管理信息流。flow流程流動(dòng)Instruction指令Processor處理器ThethirdparagraphActually,itisquitesmallinsize.Thispartisputinsidethemainframe.事實(shí)上，它很小，這部分在主機(jī)里。Mainframe主機(jī)ThefourthparagraphNomatterhowpowerfulCPUis,peoplecannevergettheinformationtheywantwithoutanoutputdevicebecausethedataacomputerprocessescannotbeunderstoodbyhumanbeings.不管CPU有多大威力，沒有輸出系統(tǒng)人們不可能得到想要的信息。因?yàn)橛?jì)算機(jī)處理的數(shù)據(jù)我們看不懂。ThefourthparagraphNomatterhow無論怎樣可以換成“however”Nomatterwhat=whateverNomatterwho=whoeverNomatterwhoyouare,youshouldnotjumpthequeue.無論你是誰，你都不能插隊(duì)。ThefourthparagraphOutputdevicescantranlatethedataintotheinformationwecanunderstand.輸出系統(tǒng)可將數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化為我們能看懂的形式。ThefourthparagraphTheyenableacomputertocommunicatewithme.它們能讓計(jì)算機(jī)與我們交流。Enable是able的動(dòng)詞形式，“使能夠”Rich—enrichlarge---enlargeThefourthparagraphTheoutstandingoutputdeviceisamonitorwhichcanbefoundineverycomputer.Anotherordinaryoutputdeviceisaprinter.最突出的輸出裝置是顯示器，幾乎每臺(tái)電腦都有一個(gè)顯示器。另一個(gè)普通的輸出裝置是打印機(jī)。ThefourthparagraphOutstanding突出的顯著的Moni