人教版英語必修一unit4重要知識點及練習(xí)

1.burstinto+n=burstoutdoing1.burstinto+n=burstoutdoing突然isknowntoeverybody總所周知across穿過橫穿out散發(fā)出精疲力竭aspeech演講pleasedtodosth.樂意做某事numberof 的數(shù)量away立刻out掘出numberof許多大量的ofthousandsof成千上萬的trappedin=becaughtin被困在 not=notall并非所有?thenorthof=northof在 的北面buried被埋葬被埋藏人教版高一英語必修一第四單元Earthquake重點詞組及練習(xí) 起來burstintotears=burstoutcryinginjured受傷usual像往常一樣of代替upshelters搭建避難proudof以 而自豪theopenair在戶外ruins破敗不堪成廢墟anend終結(jié) to 太 而不能中?…都rescuedfrom被從 解救出oneselfin=beburiedin專心于，埋頭于littleof評價不高thinkhighlyof贊許給予較高評價if仿佛 29.be/getshocked震驚 anend終結(jié)1、 Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrashedandburst.城市里，一些大樓里的水管爆裂。burst爆裂,突發(fā)用法歸納：Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.我覺得白己高興得心花怒放。Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破門而入。Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房間里突然爆發(fā)出一陣笑聲聯(lián)想擴展：burstinon...突然打斷Heburstinonourconversation.他突然打斷了我們的談話。burstinto+n.突然.Thespeakerburstintoangryspeech.演講者突然講粗話。burstout+doing突然.Thewomanburstoutcryinglikeachild.那個婦女突然像小孩一樣哭了。Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受傷。injuryn.傷害易混辨析：injure;hurt;wound;harm傷害

injure比hurt正式，hurt多指傷痛，而injure則指損害健康、成就、容貌等，強調(diào)功能的損失。hurt既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。指肉體上的傷害時，hurt可與badly,slightly,seriously等連用；但若果指精神上的創(chuàng)傷，只能用verymuch,rather/deeply。wound指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷，是出血的、嚴重的傷，特指戰(zhàn)場上受傷?？梢允侨怏w上的傷害，也可指精神上的創(chuàng)傷。harm表示引起對身體、物質(zhì)或精神上的損害，常指傷害人的肉體，損壞東西以及損害健康、品質(zhì)、事業(yè)等。即時活用：1、 Didyousaythatourneighbor intheaccident?A.badlyhurted B.wasbadlyhurtedC.hadbadlyhurted D.wasbadlyhurt2、 Mychest whenItakeadeepbreath,doctor.A.hurtsB.woundsD.injure3、 Theoldladydiedfromthe onherhead;shewas whencleaningwindowsontheladderwhenshefelloffit.A.injury;injuredB.wound;woundC.wounded;hurtD.hurt;injured5、 Thebusdriverwasbadly___onbothlegsinthetrafficaccident.A.woundedB.brokenC.injuredD.destroyed3.Itseemedasif3.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!【短語歸納】與end搭配的常用短語：cometoanendvi.結(jié)束（用作謂語）attheendof在…盡頭（末）（指時間或空間）bytheendoflast...（與過去完成時連用）intheend最后，終于（作狀語）totheend到底bring/putanendvt.結(jié)束；制止bytheendof到…末為止（現(xiàn)在完成時連用）bytheendofnext...（用于將來完成時）onend連續(xù)withoutend沒完沒了的【隨堂練習(xí)】用attheendof,bytheendof和intheend填空。（1）HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned lastterm?（2）Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor .（3）MyunclewillflytoChina thisyear.Itseemed+that從句是一個句型，表示“看起來好象”。eg:Itseemedthathedidn'tnoticethis.看起來他好象沒注意這件事。asif是連詞詞組，意為“好像、好似”相當(dāng)于asthough，一般用于句型Itlooks/seemsasif...中，其意思是“看起來好像……”。如果與事實相反，則用虛擬語氣；如果與事實一致，則保持正常時態(tài)。eg:isalotofcloud.Itseemsasifit'sgoingtorain.有這么多烏云，看起來好象要下雨了。（是事實，不用虛擬）issokindtome.Itseemsasifsheweremymother.她對我非常好，看起來好象她是我的母親。（事實上不是，與現(xiàn)在事實相反）sb.作主語時，seem后常跟adj.作表語。eg:Heseemedalittleangry.他看起來有點生氣。、Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.（1）n.殘垣斷壁；廢墟（名詞時常用復(fù)數(shù)）Thecitylayinruinsafteryearsofbombing.（2）v.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)Thehurricaneruinedallthehouseshere.【拓展】beinruins呈一片廢墟fallintoruin變成廢墟cometoruin毀滅，落空ruinoneself白我毀滅bringsb.toruin使毀滅shockvt.&vi.(使)震動，震驚；(使)受電擊n打擊；震驚；震動［C］令人震驚的人或事Peoplewereshocked.(回歸課本P26)1wasshockedtoseehimalone.我很吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)他獨自一人。Ifelttheshockastheaircrafthittheground.飛機著陸時我感覺到震了一下。Ifyoutouchthislivewire,you'11getashock.如果觸摸這條帶電的電線，你就會遭到電擊。歸納拓展 with/fromshock由于震驚shocked口辦震驚的，震撼的shockingadj.令人震驚的ashockingaccident令人吃驚的事故beshockedat對……感到吃驚 beshockedtodo深感意外地去做特別提示shocked/surprised/amazed等的主語多為人，而shocking/surprising/amazing等的主語多為物。這兩種形式的形容詞辨析常在高考題中出現(xiàn)。如：Theywereshockedbyherrudeness.他們對她的無禮感到震驚。Whatashockingwasteoftime!時間的浪費多么驚人呀！當(dāng)表示具體的令人震驚的人或事的時候，shock是可數(shù)名詞，這一點常和冠詞一起考查。如：Thenewsofhismother'sdeathwasaterribleshocktohim.他母親去世的噩耗使他非常震驚。6Trapvt.(trapped，trapped)使陷入困境；設(shè)陷阱捕n.陷阱；困境；捕捉(動物的)夾子Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinside(it).電梯出了故障，我們被困在里面了。Thethieveswerecaughtinapolicetrap.竊賊落人警方設(shè)的陷阱而被捕。歸納拓展fallintoatrap：becaughtinatrap掉人陷阱；落人圈套betrappedin...trapsbintodoingsth誘使某人做某事Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintomakingaconfession.他們用巧妙的提問誘使他招認了。7、 Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.n.援救，營救Thepolicecametohisrescueandpulledhimoutoftheriverv.救援；拯救Herescuedaboyfromdrowning.【拓展】rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sp.把???從???營救出來cometo/gotosb'srescue=rescuesb.援救某人arescueteam救援隊arescuemission救援任務(wù) rescueworkers救援人員【隨堂練習(xí)】用rescue的適當(dāng)形式填空Themother,alongwithhertwochildren, fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.Thefiremen fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.betrappedin陷入困境Theyweretrappendintheburningbuilding.bury埋葬，掩埋beburiedin/buryoneselfin 埋頭于，專心于（3） thedead死者，表示一類人。形容詞前加the常用來表示一類人或一類東西。eg:therich富人 theyoung年輕人theold老年人 thedeaf聾人theblind盲人 theinjured受傷的人thenew新的東西 theordinary普普通通的東西theunusual不同尋常的東西注意："the+形容詞"作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由上下文的意思而定。如表示一類人，作復(fù)數(shù)看待；如表示抽象概念或具體的某個人時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。eg: youngrespecttheold;theoldlovetheyoung.尊老愛幼。theinjuredhavebeensenttohospita.所有受傷的人都已送往醫(yī)院。9congratulation?.）"祝賀"，一般要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，常與on連用。congratulationsonsth./doingsth.eg:'sofferourcongratulationsonhersuccess.對她的成功表示祝賀。onwinningtherace.祝賀你比賽獲勝。注意：表示向某人祝賀，接介詞to。congratulationstosb.eg: toyou.祝賀你。'ssendourcongratulationstohimonwinningtheNobelPrize.讓我們祝賀他獲得諾貝爾獎。congratulate（v.）“祝賀，恭喜；道賀，向 致詞”，congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth.eg: congratulatedmygirlfriendonherbirthday.我向女友祝賀生日。mecongratulateyouonthebirthofyourdaughter.我祝賀你喜獲千金。Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexamination.課堂訓(xùn)練一、 根據(jù)句意以及首字母提示完成單詞1、 Olderstudentswerehavingdifficultyinstudyingando themselves.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z2、 Thatplaceisdirtyands .3、Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandb .4、Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthed wouldlast.5、F waterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.6、Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasd .7、 Therailwaytrackswerenowu piecesofsteel.8、Without （電），modernlifewouldbeverydifficult.9、 （判斷）fromhisappearance,themangermustbeoverfifty.10、Deadand （受傷的）peoplelayeverywhereaftertheterribleaccident.二、 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1、Thebuilding walliswhiteismyuncle'shouse.2、 Iknowtheboy youarelookingfor.3、 Willyoupleaselendmetheverybook youboughtyesterday?4、 Thestudent theteacherpraisedattheclassmeetingisourmonitor.5、 Thereason comesafterspringissummer.6、 Thisisthemuseum wevisitedlastSaturday.7、 Theboywith Johnistalkingismybrother.8、 Thegirl legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastalkentothehospitalimmediately.9、 ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolsisincreasing.10、Don'treadsuchbooks youcan'tunderstand.三、單項選擇1、Wedon'tneedtodoextraworkthisevening.Theday'sworkwasalmost now.A.attheendB.atanendC.atoneendD.atourend2、I'vereadallthebooks yougaveme.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that3、Inthatbigfirealltheirhouseswere ,sotheyhadtobuildnewones.A.hurtB.harmedC.injuredD.destroyed4、Theboy ontheground tomethathishen threeeggsaday.A.lies;lied;laidB.lying;lied;laidC.lay;lied;lainD.lay;lying;haslaid5、Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss, cameasasurprise.A.itB.thisC.whichD.that6、AftertheTsunamipassedaway,allthevillagesandtownswere .Andnobeingwasseen.A.inruin B.inruins C.atruins D.forruins7、Thebusdriver