油層物理油藏工程-課件chap

SUNRen-yuanRoom648,EngineeringBuildingBOct.,2008ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20083.2WettabilityofreservoirrocksanddistributionofoilandwaterinporesContentsShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008

Interfacialtension(界面張力)

Wettability(潤濕性)ofreservoirrocksanddistributionofoilandwaterinpores

Capillarypressure

（毛管壓力）

Relativepermeability(相對滲透率)ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20081Wettability(潤濕性)Wettabilityistheabilityofa1iquidtospreadoverthesurfaceofasolidundertheactionofmolecularforces.

1.1Wettabilityandcontactangle(接觸角)Waterwetstherockwaterspreadsontheglass.mercuryshrinkstoasphere.MercurydoesnotwettheglassShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20081.1Wettabilityandcontactangle(接觸角)Thecontourofadroponthesurfaceofaso1idalongwhichthethreephases-solid,liquid,andgas-comeincontact,isknownasthewettedperimeter(潤濕周界).ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008Angleofcontact(接觸角):theangleformedbetweenthesurfaceofasolidandthetangenttothesurfaceofthedropatthepointofcontactwiththesolid.Byconvention,thecontactangle(θ)ismeasuredthroughthedenserphaseandrangesfrom0oto180o.1.1Wettabilityandcontactangle(接觸角)ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008θ<90o1iquidwetsasolidsurfaceθ>90oliquiddoesnotwetthesolidθ=90o

liquidpartiallywetsthesolidLiquid-airsystem:1.1Wettabilityandcontactangle(接觸角)1:water2:gasShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008Oil-watersystem:wateroilθoilwaterθoil-wet(hydrophobic憎水的)water-wet(hydrophilic親水的)θ>90oθ<90o1.1Wettabilityandcontactangle(接觸角)ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008Young’sequation:1.2Adhesiontension(附著張力)adhesiontensionTheessential(本質(zhì))ofwettabilityistoreducethesurfacefreeenergyofasolid.water-wetoil-wetShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20082Factorsaffectingthewettabilityofreservoirrocks2.1Mineralcompositionofrocksurfaceandtypesoffluids異辛烷異喹啉環(huán)烷酸ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008Cleansilicaandcarbonatesarenormallywater-wetintheircleanstateSomeclayminerals(montmorillonite)isstronglywater-wettabilityClaymineralscontainingirons,suchaschamosite(鮞狀綠泥石)canabsorbsurfactant-----oil-wet.Organicmaterialsareusuallyhydrophobic(憎水的).2.1MineralcompositionofrocksurfaceandtypesoffluidsShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20082.2ContentofpolarmaterialsinoilTheswitchofsolidwettabilityduetotheadsorptionofsurfactantiscalledthewettabilityreversal(潤濕反轉(zhuǎn)).1–water2-oil3-solid2FactorsaffectingthewettabilityofreservoirrocksShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20083Wettinghysteresis(潤濕滯后)Theangleformedduringthedisplacementofair(nonwettingphase)bywater(wettingphase)isreferredtoastheadvancingcontactangle(θ1前進(jìn)角),Theangleformedduringthedisplacementofwaterbyairistherecedingcontactangle(θ2后退角).ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20083Wettinghysteresis(潤濕滯后)Thechangeincontact

angleduetothedelayinmovingofthewettedperimeteralongthesolidsurfaceiscalledwettinghysteresis.3.1Staticwettinghysteresis(靜潤濕滯后)Thechangeincontactanglecausedbythesaturationhistoryisthestaticwettinghysteresis.ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20083Wettinghysteresis(潤濕滯后)3.2Dynamicwettinghysteresis(動潤濕滯后)wateroilStaticstateWaterdisplacedbyoilWaterdisplacingoiladvancingrecedingThechangeincontactanglecausedbythefastermovementoftheliquidthanthewettedperimeteristhedynamicwettinghysteresis

ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20083Wettinghysteresis(潤濕滯后)3.3Factorsaffectingthewettinghysteresistheroughnessandcontaminationofasolidsurface.Fluidflowrate.ShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20084FluiddistributioninporesofreservoirrocksThewettingfluidtendstospreadoverthesurfaceofthesandgrainsandoccupythesmallerintersticesoftherockandthenonwettingfluidoccupiesthemoreopenchannels(thecenterpartofthepores).Whenthewatersaturationislow,thewaterexistsintheporesaspendularring(環(huán)狀分布).waterisnotcontinuousOilisthecontinuousphase.water-wetrockShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20084FluiddistributioninporesofreservoirrocksAsthewatersaturationincreases,thewaterescontinuous.Swincreasesfurther,thewaterwillbeinafuniculardistribution(迂回狀分布)Bothwaterandoilarecontinuousandcanflow.water-wetrockShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20084FluiddistributioninporesofreservoirrocksAsthewatersaturationincreases,oilexistsasisolatedoildroplets.

Wateriscontinuousandcanflow.Oilmaybetrappedatporethroatandblocktheflowofwater.water-wetrockShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,20084FluiddistributioninporesofreservoirrocksThedisplacementofnonwettingphasebywettingphaseiscalledtheimbibitionprocess(吸吮過程).water-wetrocksnap-offShandongProvincialExcellentCourse,2008