2023年5月北京地區(qū)成人本科學士學位英語考試真題及答案

北京地區(qū)成人本科學士學位英語統(tǒng)一考試20２3PartＩReadinｇComｐｒeheｎsｉｏn（30%)Directionｓ:Thｅreaｒethreｅpaｓsaｇesiｎthispart.Eaｃhｐａssagｅisfｏｌｌowedｂysomeｑuesｔionsorｕnｆinishｅdstatemｅnts．FoｒeａｃhofｔhｅmtｈerｅarｅfoｕrchｏｉceｓｍarkeｄA,B，CanｄＤ.YousｈoulddecideonthebｅｓｔcｈoicｅandblackenthｅcorrｅspondingｌｅtteroｎｔｈeＡｎswｅｒSｈeeｔ．Paｓｓage１Quｅｓtionｓ１to5arebasedoｎthｅfollｏwingpaｓsage:Themostfａmｏｕscolｌeｃtiｏnｓoffａirｙｔalｅｓ(童話)aｒetheoneｓbyＪakobaｎｄWilhelmGriｍm．ThｅGｒimmsｐublishｅｄtheirｆirstfａiｒy-tａlｅｃollectioｎin181２．Theydidn’ｔthｉnktｈｅywｅreｗriｔｉngforｃhilｄren.TheｙthouｇhｔtheyweｒeprｅserｖinｇdｉsapｐearinｇGerｍanfolkculｔure.Theirfirstｅdition(版本）wasaｓｃhoｌａrlyｂｏokｔhaｔｃarｅfｕｌｌｙrecｏrdeｄthｅｏraltalｅｓ.Theyweresurprｉsedwhensomeoｆtheiｒearlyrｅadｅrsｓｕgｇesteｄtｈａt(yī)thestorｉeｓmｉghｔbeinteresｔｉnｇｔochildrｅn．ButtheGrimmsneeｄｅdｍonｅy.Theyｈadmaｄeabaddealwｉｔhｔheiｒpｕblｉｓherandrecｅivedｌittlｅpayｍeｎtfortheirｆiｒｓｔbook.AｔonepｏintWilｈelmｃｏmｐｌaineｄthｅrewａsn’tａｃhairinｈisｈｏｕseonecｏuldsitｏｎwithoutwｏｒryｉnｇｉtwouldbrｅaｋ.Ｓohｅｔoｏkthehinｔaｎdseｔｔoworktｏmakeａｂｏokｔｈatwoｕldbｅsuitableforchilｄren．Heseleｃtｅｄafeｗofthetaleｓ，maｄethｅmmｕchlongｅｒ，ａnｄpｏｌiｓｈｅｄupthelａnｇuａｇe.Hｅdidn’tadｄmｏralｓ，buthedidsｌiｐiｎcharａｃterjudgmeｎtsandｍｏraliziｎgcｏmｍentsｗherｅｖerhecｏuｌd．ＴheGｒｉmms’fａｉrｙtaｌesaｌsoｈaveｏnecｈarａcterisｔiｃthatwｏulｄsｅemtomａkｅthemunsｕiｔablefｏrｃhildren.Maｎｙoftｈemiｎcludeviｏlｅntｉnｃidenｔs．In“HansｅlandGrｅtｅl”anoｌｄｗoｍanisｂｕrｎedtoｄeatｈiｎanovｅn,ａndｉn“LittｌｅReｄRidｉｎgHood”acｈildｉｓeaｔenbｙaｗolｆ.Wheｎhｅrevｉsedthｅtalesforchｉldren,WilhｅｌmGrｉmmreｔainedｔhevｉｏlencｅ.Infact，hesｏmetiｍｅseveｎraｍpｅditup．Forｅxamplｅ,iｎthefｉrｓtｅｄｉｔｉonｏｆthetales,Cｉnｄereｌlaforgｉveshersisterｓａt(yī)thｅend.It’ｓonlyinｔhesecondｅdｉtｉon,ｔheoｎeinｔendedforcｈildren,thａｔherbirｄｓｐｅｃk（啄)outtheireyes.Why,tｈen，hａｖetheＧｒｉmms’fａirytａｌｅsbecomｅclａｓsiｃsofｃhildren’sｌｉteｒatｕre，ｓomuｃｈsｏthａt(yī)ｉｔishardtｏimagｉｎeachｉldｗhoｄoｅｓn’tｋnoｗCinderｅlｌa’ssｔorｙorSnowWhitｅ’s?Onｅａｎsweriｓtｈatonlyaｆｅwofｔheｔalesｓｕrvivｅdｉntｏmｏdｅmtimes.ThefirsteditionoｆｔｈｅGrｉｍmｓ’faiｒｙtａｌeshad２１0tales.Bｙ１８２5itｗaｓdｏwｎto50.Andtｏdaｙｏnlyadozeｎorsoofｔheｔａlｅsａｒeoｆtenｒepriｎtediｎchildｒen’ｓcolleｃtions.（76)Butthedeeperaｎｓweｒｉsthａｔthetalｅsthathavelａstedaｒemaｇicaｌadventｕrｅsthaｔｈelpchｉldｒendｅalwithｔｈｅｓtruggｌesaｎｄfearsoftｈeｉｒevｅryｄayｌives.１.WhyｄidWilhelmＧｒimmseｔouttoadaｐthisｂooｋforｃhildren？Ａ.Ｔoｄealwitｈreadｅrs’complａｉnts．B.Toimprovehisｆiｎanciａlｓiｔuaｔion.C.Attheｒequｅｓtofhｉspubliｓheｒ.Ｄ.Tｏｐreｓeｒｖetｈeaｎｃieｎtstoriesinprint．2．Whenrevisingtｈefａirytalｅs，WiｌhelmdiｄａllｏfthefollowｉnｇEXCEPT.Ａ．a(chǎn)ddｉngｃｈaraｃterjudgmentsB.mａkiｎｇｔhetalesｍｕchｌｏngeｒC.dｅlｅtｉｎｇtｈeｖｉｏlｅｎtscenesＤ．polｉｓｈｉnｇupｔhelanguａｇe3.Wｈatｄoestheexpresｓion“ｒampｅdituｐ”ｉnParagrａｐbablymean?A.Sｔaｒtｅd.B.Allowｅd.Ｃ.Classified.Ｄ．Iｎcreased．4．ＷhｉcｈoftｈｅfoｌlowiｎgstateｍｅｎｔsａｂouttheGrｉmms’fairyｔalｅsisTRUEaccordingtｏtｈepａｓsage?Ａ.Theywereoｒigｉnａｌｌｙintｅndedｔobｅchilｄren’sstｏrｉｅｓ.B．Gｅｎeralｌyspｅakｉnｇ,thetaｌestｈａt(yī)haveｅndｕｒｅdcaｎhelpcｈiｌdrｅnｄeａlｗiｔhthechalｌengeslifeｂｒinｇsｔoｔheｍ.C.Alargenumｂerｏftheｔaｌesmaｄeittoｔhｅmｏdeｍａge.D.Tｈeyarelessvioｌenｔthantｈechildren’ｓstｏrｉesｂeiｎgwritteｎtodaｙ.5.Wｈａｔistｈepassagemaiｎlｙconｃｅｒｎedwｉtｈ?A．Histoｒyｏffairytａles.B.Ｗａystｏpreseｒｖｅtheoraltrａditiｏn.C．TｈｅGriｍｍｓ’fairytａles.Ｄ．Violenｃeinｆaｉｒyｔalｅs.Ｐａｓsaｇe2Qｕestions6to10arｅｂasedｏntheｆollｏwｉnｇpassage:.Asthesｃhｏolyｅaｒkicksoff,parentsａreonceａgａiｎstrａgglｉｎgｔocajole(哄編)ａnd，ifnｅｅdｂｅ,drａｇtｈeirｅxhａusｔｅｄteｅnｓｏutｏfbed．Thatimaｇemaｙmａkｅyｏulａugｈ,ｂｕtlａckoｆslｅepisnｏjｏke．(７7）Teenageｒsｗhoｄｏn’tｇetｅnoughresthaｖemｏrelｅarning．heaｌth～ｂehａviorandmoｏdprobｌemsthａnsｔuｄentswｈogｅｔatleａｓtnineｈoｕrｓaｎigｈｔ．Long-termｌacｋofｓleepiｓtieｄｔoheartｄｉsease,overweight,deprｅssiｏnaｎdａshorteneｄｌifespaniｎadults，ｉnｄicatiｎgtｈeimpoｒtaｎceoｆestａｂlｉshinggｏoｄｓleephabiｔsearｌyinlife.Ｌackｏfsleepｃaｎｂeespecｉallydeadｌyｆｏｒｔeens;caｒａcｃidentsａretｈeleadinｇcauseofｄeａｔｈamongｔeeｎagｅrs,andsaｆeｔyｅxpeｒtｓbelievesｌｅｅpｙｄrivingiｓamaｊorfactoｒ.Unfortuｎately，fewｔeenagersgettｈｅsleeｐtｈeynｅed.Ｉｎａsurveyofmidｄle－aｎｄhigh-ｓchｏoｌｓｔｕdｅnts，ＵnivｅrsityofＣolｏrａdoresｅaｒchersfoｕnｄthat8２percｅntsaidｔhｅｙｗokｅuptiredandｕnrefreshed，ａnｄmoｒeｔhanhａｌｆhａｄｔｒoubleconｃenｔratinｇdurｉｎgｔhedayａt(yī)lｅaｓtonceaweek.Blaｍemulｔitａskinｇforsomeofthｉs.Manｙｓtudenｔsarejugｇlingafter-ｓｃhoｏlaｃtivities,hｏmeworkanｄparｔ-tｉmｅjｏｂs.Evenwhｅｎｔｈeyｍaｎagetofulfiｌｌthesｅｏbligaｔｉonsbyareasoｎabｌｅhｏｕｒ,televiｓｉon,theInｔernet,videogames,ｐｈonｅｃalｌsaｎdtｅxｔmessagesｔofｒieｎdｓofteｎｋeepｔhｅmawａkedeeｐintｏｔｈenight.Tａkingsodaaｎdenerｇｙｄriｎkｓlａt(yī)einｔhｅdａyandgoingtolａt(yī)e－nighｔpａｒtiesｏｎweekeｎｄsaddtｏｓleｅpｄeｂt．Biologyａlｓowoｒksagaｉnsｔteｅnagerｓ’ｓleep,Thebody’ｓintｅrｎalcloｃk,wｈichcontroｌsｗhenapersonstarｔｓtoｆeｅltｉｒｅd,ｓｈifｔsafｔerpuｂertｙ(青春期),makｉngithardfoｒmosttｅensｔofallasleeｐbeforｅ1１pm．Claｓsｕsｕａllyｂeｇinsbefｏｒｅ８：15ａｍ,ｗitｈmａnyhighsｃhoolsｓｔartｉnｇaｓearlyas７:15am.Ｔogettosｃhoｏloｎtiｍe,ｍoｓttｅenｓｈaveｔogｅtuｐby6:３0am,guaｒantｅeingｔhey’llbesleep-ｄeprivedduringtheweek.Tｅｅnsoftensleepmuchlateｒｏnweekｅｎdｓｔocａｔｃhup,maｋingｉteｖenhａrdｅrtoｆaｌlａsleｅponSundａyｎｉgｈtａnｄwａｋeupMｏndaｙmorning.Ｐl(wèi)ayｉngcatｃh-uｐoｎweekｅndsａｌsodoesn’thelpｔeensstayrefrｅshedｗhentｈeyｎｅeｄitｍost:durｉngthewｅekaｔｓchool.Sincethｅ199０s,ｍiｄdleandhighschoolsinmorethantｗodｏzｅｎsｔaｔesｈaveexpｅrimentedwithlateｒｓchｏolstａｒttimes.(78)Theｒesultshａvebeenencourａging．’moｒeslｅeｐ,iｎｃｒeａseｄatｔendance,bｅtｔｅrｇraｄeｓaｎdｆｅwerdriviｎgａｃcｉｄents.Buｔmoｓtschoolｓsｔillstartｅarｌｙ，ｍeａnｉｎgtｅensｈａvｅtheirworｋcutｏｕtfoｒｔhemiftheｙｗanttｏgｅtenｏｕghsleep.6．Ａccorｄingtotｈepａｓsａge,poorsleｅｐcanbeｌinｋeｄtoａllofthefoｌｌowingEXCEPTA．hｅａrtdiｓeａseB.caraccｉｄｅntsC.skinｐrｏｂlemsD．poorcoｎcenｔｒatioｎ７.ＴｈｅｍaｉnｉｄeａｏfPaｒaｇraph3isA.hｏwsleｅｐdeprｉvation(缺少)caｎｂｅtrｅａt(yī)edB’whatcausesｓlｅepdｅｐrivaｔioｎC.whoismoｓtatｒｉskforsｌeepｄeprｉvationD.wｈyslｅepdeprivationｉsaserｉouscoｎｃｅｒｎ8.Ｗｈatｄｏestｈeｗoｒd“juggliｎg”ｉnParagrａph3pｒobａblymeａn?A.Deａｌiｎｇｗiｔhatthｅsameｔｉmｅ．B.Stｒiｋｉngａbaｌaｎｃebeｔwｅeｎ．C．Appｌｙingfｏｒ.Ｄ.Ｈavingdiｆficｕltyin．9.WhichofthefoｌlｏwｉｎgｉsNOＴtoblameforteenａgers’lackofsleｅp?A.Ｍulｔitａｓkｉｎg.B.Bioｌogiｃａlcｌｏｃk.:C．Wｅekeｎｄｃatch-upsleｅp．D.Healｔｈydiet．１0.Accoｒdｉngtotｈｅｐaｓｓaｇｅ,whａt(yī)haｖesomeschｏｏｌsｄonetｏｈｅlｐtheｉrstudeｎtｓgeｔenouｇｈsｌeeｐ?A.Ｅducatiｎgｔhｅｉrstudｅntｓａboutthｅｉｍｐoｒtancｅｏfslｅｅp.Ｂ．Ｍonitoｒingtheｉrｓtudenｔs’laｔe-ｎigｈｔacｔivｉtｉeｓ．C.Dｅlａyingsｃhｏｏlsｔａrｔｔｉmｅs.D．Seｔｔiｎgｓtrictrｕleｓ．Paｓｓａge3Queｓｔｉons11tｏ15arebａｓedontｈｅfollｏwingpassage:Ａｓａnyｍiddle-ｃlasｓpａreｎtknows,uｎpaidworｋｅxpｅriｅｎｃecanｇiｖeｙoｕngｓtersavaluａroductｉontoａｓecuｒeｊoｂ．Tｈｅｇovernmenthasrｅcｏgnizedittｏｏ,abａｎdoniｎgruleｓiｎ2023thaｔｈａdfoｒmeｒlｙstｏpped1６－ｔo24-yeaｒ－o!dsfromdoinguｎpaidwoｒkwｈileｃｌaｉmｉnｇuｎemployｍｅntbenefiｔ.Ｂutmｏｖinｇfromthatｔoforcinｇthｅｍtoworkwithoutpayｉnorderｔｏcollｅcｔtheseｂeneｆitshaｓｐrovｅdabｉgsｔｅp.（７9）MｏｒｅtｈaｎｏnｅｍｉlｌioｎｙｏｕｎgｐｅopleinBrｉtainareunemployed，thehiｇhesｔnuｍbersinceｔhemid-1９８0s.Keenbothtocｕｔthewｅｌｆarebiｌlａｎdtoavoｉdｔhedepressedfuｔuｒｅwaｇeｓthatmaｙresultfromearlyｕneｍployment，tｈeｇｏvｅrｎmenthasｉntｒoducedaｎamｂitiousprogrａmofrefｏrmtogeｔyoungｓtｅrｓｏｆfwelfarｅowork．Aｋeypartofｉtisｅｎsuriｎgthatnｏoｎegetsbenｅfitfromtheｇｏvernmｅntforloｎg;ministerｓaｒeｋeｅntoavｏiｄｗhatｈａｐpeｎeｄafterｔｈeearly-1９8０sｒeceｓsion（～/l/),ｗhｅｎunｅmploymentconｔiｎｕｅｄiｎsoｍeｐａｒtsｏfｔhecoｕntｒyｆoraｌonｇtｉmeafｔertheeconomｙbｅｇａntoｉｍprovｅ.Tohｅlpyｏungpeoplｅｉnｔowｏｒk，ｍinistｅrshaｄperｓuaｄeｄｌｏtｓｏfemｐloyers,iｎcludingｂａｋerｙｃhaｉｎs,ｂoｏｋｓｈops，ａｎdｓupermａrｋeｔｓ,ｔoｔaｋeonuｎeｍployedyｏuｔhs,ｗhorecｅｉvewoｒkeｘperiencｅbｕｔnopay，ｗiｔhtheｐrｏspecｔofapropｅrｊobforthosewhoｓｈine.(80)Some35，000yoｕngsteｒspaｒtiｃｉpatｅdｌasｔyear；ｈａｌｆfoｕnｄｐaidｗorksoonａfｔerfｉｎｉshingthesｃheme.Ｔｈeideaofgettiｎgyｏuｎｇadｕltｓｕsedtoshowingupｆoｒworkｉsｐｏｐｕlarwitｈvｏters：ａcｃｏrdｉngtoasurveypuｂlisｈedinＦｅｂruａry,aboｕt60%ofpeopｌesupporttheprogram.Ｅｑuallyaｔｔraｃｔivewastheｏpellingthemｔｏwoｒk:Undeｒthｅexｉstiｎgarrａngementｓｙｏｕngstersｃｏulｄchoｏsewhetherｏrnoｔtoａcｃeptaplacｅ，ｂuｔiftｈeydｒoppedｏuｔafｔerｔheｅｎdoｆthefirstweｅｋ,ｔhｅyｓｔooｄtoloｓeupｔoｔwoweｅkｓ’ｂeｎefits.Yeｔｔｈeschemehasalsopolａrｉzed(兩極分化的）opinｉｏｎ:athirdｏｆpeｏpleａreconsisteｎtlyｏppｏsed．Follｏwingａｎoｉsy“ＲiｇｈtｔoＷork”campaignｔｈaｔacｃusedｅmployerｓofｃo-opeｒａt(yī)iｎgsecｒｅtｌywitheｒnmentiｎ“ｆorcedlabor”,sevｅｒａlfirｍsdｒｏｐpedouｔｏｆｔheproｇrａm．Topｒeventthisfroｍｇeｔtｉｎgwoｒsｅ,ＣhｒｉsＧｒａyｌing,anemployｍeｎtminｉsｔer，ａｄmiｔｔedｔhatyｏungｐeopｌｅcouｌdｌeaｖeｔheｉｒworkｅxpeｒienｃeatanytimeｗｉthoutbeingpuｎｉshedfｏrｄoingｓｏ.Thisｎotｏｎlyｈaltedthefｌightofｅmployerｓ(fornoｗ，ａt(yī)lｅasｔ)butalsoｅnabledｈimｔoanｎoｕncetｈaｔnｅwfirmshavｅａgreeｄtotａkepartinｔｈepｒogram.11.Ａccordｉnｇtoｔｈepaｓsagｅ,yｏｕngpeｏｐleinＢrｉtain.A.areusｅdｔoshoｗｉｎgupforｗorkＢ．valｕeｕnpaiｄwoｒkｖerｙmuchC.arealwａysｏppoｓedｔｏｕnpaｉｄworｋＤ．couldlearｎsomethingaboutjobｓecuritytｈｒｏughunｐaiｄｗork12.Ａcｃordinｇｔoｔｈepassage,whichｏfthefｏlｌowingisＮＯＴTRUE？A.Mｏstｖoｔerssupportthｅｇoｖernment’ｓｅffoｒｔtoheｌｐｙoｕnｇpeoｐleｔoｆinｄwｏrk.B.Soｍeｐｅoplｅprｏtestａgaiｎｓttｈegｏvernｍeｎｔ’saｔｔempｔtｏforｃeyoungpｅｏpletowoｒk．C．Therｅａremoretｈａnoｎｅmillioｎｙoungpeｏplｅwｈotｏｏｋpａrtｉnthｅpｒｏｇram.D.Therearｅmoｒｅtｈaｎoｎeｍiｌliｏnyouｎgpeｏplｅwhｏａreｊoblesｓ.１3．Ａccｏrdinｇtothｅａｕthor,ｔｈｅBritisｈgｏｖernmenｔｉsｔrｙｉｎgtｏ．A.ｐuniｓｈyoｕｎgpeoｐleｉfｔheyarｅnｏtcｏoｐｅrａt(yī)ｉｎgwｉthｉtB.rｅfoｒｍtheunemｐloyｅdｙｏunｇstersC．a(chǎn)voｉｄｔheecoｎomiｃslowdoｗnD．reduｃewｅlｆaresｐｅｎdiｎg14.Tｈeｗord“shine”ｉｎPａｒagraｐh3ｍeans““.A.dowellB.rｅfleｃｔlｉｇhｔC．lookｈａppyD.pｒoｄucｅlight15.Whｉcｈofｔｈeｆoｌlｏwiｎｇisaｎａppropriatetitleforthisｐａssａｇe?A.EｎｊoyWorkWiｔhoｕtPａyＢ.CanWｏrk,Woｎ’tWorkＣ.ShoulｄＷoｒk,Shouldn’tPlaｙD.HatｅWｏrkorＬoｖｅWorkＰａｒｔIIVoｃａｂularyandStructure(3０%）Directions:Inｔhispartｔｈｅreａre３0incompletesenｔencｅs.ＦｏrｅａｃhsｅntｅncetherｅａrefourchｏiceｓmarｋedＡ,B,CaｎdＤ.CｈｏosetｈeONEanswertｈatbesｔcｏｍplｅtesthesentence.ＴhｅnｂlaｃkｅｎthｅcｏｒreｓpｏndingletteroｎｔheAｎsweｒSheet．16.Ｐl(wèi)easegiveＪimthｅscｈedulefoｒtomoｒrow’scｏｎferｅncｅwhenhｅbａck.Heistoｃhａirthｅconfｅrｅnｃe.A.wilｌｃｏmeB．comeＣ.comesD.came17．ｆiveｍinutｅsearｌier，yｏuwoulｄnothａｖemissedthelａsttｒａinforShaｎghaｉ,bｕtyouwerelａｔｅ.A．ＨadyoｕcｏmeＢ.DoyoucoｍeC.DｉｄyoucｏmeD．Shｏuldyoｕｃｏme18．Afterheworｋedouttｈeｓoｌutｉon，ａppearedasｍileoｎｈisfacｅ.A．iｔB.hereC.ｗhａt(yī)Ｄ.thｅrｅ1９．thｅfoｒｍｅｒpresiｄent’ssuｐpｏｒtersｗｅntｏuｔinｓtrｅｅｔstoexpｒeｓstheirａngerandｄisｓaｔisfａctioｎ.A．AsｍallamountｏｆB.AlａrgenumbｅrｏｆＣ.AlｉtｔlebitofD．Ａgreatｄeａlｏf２0.Toｂehonｅｓt,tｏdaｙ’sdinnerwaｓjustso-sｏ．Itｗａsn’ｔsｕchagoodｏｎepromｉseｄbythｅboss.Ａ.thaｔB.ｗhiｃｈC.asD.wｈat21．Sｏmanypeｏｐlｅ__＿___thｅmeetiｎghaｄtobeputｏff.A．bｅiｎgａbseｎtB.tobeａbsentＣ.wereａbsentD．ｈａdbeenaｂｓent2２.Wｅｏfｔenadvｉsｅhimnotｔodrinｋmoreｉsgｏodforｈisheａlth.A.asＢ.thａt(yī)C.ｔhａnD.bｕｔ23.—ＤｉdＣharlｅsvotｅｉntｈelastelectioｎ?—Ｎｏ，ｈeｗasn’ｔ．Ａ.enougholdｔhenB.tｈeneｎougholdＣ．oｌdthenenouｇｈD.olden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ｅdB.sｏａkｅｄC．rｅｃoｖeredD.kｅｐt６７.Ａ.ｗｈｉleB.becauｓeC.incaseＤ．sothat68.A.beiｎgeｘaｍinedB.tｏbｅexａmiｎｅdC.bｅiｎgoｐeratedＤ－toｂｅopeｒated69.A.preliminaｒyＢ．ｐrｏgressｉveC.completeＤ.curｉoｕs70．A．putＢ．raｉｓeC.rｏｕseＤ,sｐoil７１.A.ｓｈadeB.ｓhadowＣ．ｐｌaｃe