2023年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題及答案多套題及詳解

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題及答案(多套題及翻譯）ＣEＴ4PａｒtIＷｒiｔiｎg(３0miｎutｅｓ)??Ｄｉrｅcｔiｏns:Ｆoｒｔｈiｓｐart,youareaｌlowed3０ｍinｕtesｔowriteaｓｈｏrteｓsayｏnthefollowiｎｇtopiｃ.Yｏushouldwrｉtｅatlｅast1２0ｗordsbutnomｏｒeｔhan１８0wｏｒdｓ.

題目一：Supposｅafoｒeignfｒiendoｆyouｒsiｓｃoｍｉｎgtoｖisitｙoｕｒcａmpｕs,whａt(yī)ｉｓthｅmoｓtiｎｔerｅｓｔｉｎgｐlａｃｅｙoｕｗｏｕldliｋeｔotａｋeｈim／hertoseeａｎdwhy??假設(shè)你的一位外國(guó)朋友來(lái)參觀你的校園,你最感愛(ài)好的地方想帶他/她去看?為什么?

?題目二:Sｕpposeaforeignfriｅｎdｏfｙｏｕrsiscｏmiｎgtovisｉtyourhomｅｔｏwn,ｗhatisｔheｍosｔintｅrestｉngｐlａceｙoｕwoulｄｌｉketｏｔaｋehiｍ/ｈｅrｔoseeandwhy??假設(shè)你的一位外國(guó)朋友來(lái)參觀你的家鄉(xiāng),你最感愛(ài)好的地方想帶他/她去看?為什么?

?題目三：SuppoｓeａfoｒeigｎfｒiｅnｄofyourｓｉｓcｏmiｎｇｔｏvisiｔChｉna,wｈatiｓｔｈｅmosｔiｎterｅstiｎgｐlａcｅyouwｏｕldlｉｋeｔｏｔａkehｉm/hｅｒtosｅｅandwｈy??假設(shè)你的一位外國(guó)朋友來(lái)參觀中國(guó)，你最感愛(ài)好的地方想帶他/她去看?為什么？PaｒｔIIＬisｔeｎiｎｇCoｍｐrｅｈｅｎsion(３0minｕteｓ)SecｔiｏｎA(yù)Directｉons：Ｉnthisｓeｃtion，yoｕｗillhｅar8sｈoｒtｃonversatｉoｎsａnd2ｌongｃoｎｖersａｔioｎs.Attｈeeｎdoｆeacｈcｏnversaｔｉon,oneｏrmoｒeｑueｓtioｎswｉｌｌbeaskeｄaboutwhatｗａｓsaid．Ｂｏthtｈｅconｖerｓａt(yī)ｉｏnanｄｔheｑｕestionsｗｉllbespｏkｅnｏnｌｙoncｅ.Ａｆteｒeachquestｉｏntherewillbeapausｅ．Ｄｕriｎgthｅｐaｕse,ｙoumustrｅａｄｔｈefourｃｈｏｉcesmａrｋedA),B),C)ａndＤ),anddecｉdｅwhichistｈebestanswer.ＴhenmａｒkthｅcorｒesponｄingｌetteｒoｎA(yù)ｎｓｗerSheet1wiｔhａsingleｌinｅｔhrｏughｔｈecenｔrｅ.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡１上作答。１.A.ＳeｅadoctorａbouthｅｒｓtrainedsｈouldｅrB．Usealａddｅrｔoｈeｌpheｒreａｃhｔheｔea.C．Replacｅthecuｐbｏaｒdwithaｎｅｗonｅ．D.Placetheteaoｎaｌｏwｅrｓｈelfnｅxｔtiｍｅ．１.Ｗ：Icaｎ’tseeｍtoreachtheteａａt(yī)ｔheｂacｋｏｆthecupboard。M:Oｈ…Whｙｄoｎ’tyouusethｅlaｄdｅｒ？Youmigｈtstraiｎｙouｒshoｕlder。Ｑ:Ｗhaｔｄoeｓｔhemａnｓuｇgestthｅwomａndo?２.A.AtMarｙJｏhnsｏn’ｓ

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W：Fine，ｐlｅaseｔellherI’ｌlbetheｒeａｔ４：00.ＡndＤr.Eｌｌｉs,onｅmｏrething,ｃｏｕldyｏｕtellｍeｗheｒｅｙoｕrofficｅis?Jａｎettolｄｍewｈｅｒｅｙourcｌａsｓiｓ,butｓhｅdiｄn’tgivemeｄirｅｃｔionstoｙoｕroffｉｃe。１２．A.Ｈefindiｔrａt(yī)ｈerstｒeｓsｆｕl.Ｂ.Heistｈｉnkiｎgoｆquitｔiｎgit．C.Heｃanｈandｌeitqｕｉteｗｅｌl.D．Ｈeｈasｔｏｗoｒkｅｘtrahours.Queｓｔｉon:12.Whａt(yī)dｏesthemaｎsayaｂouthｉsjoｂ?M:Ｎotｂad，Ｊaｎe.I’ｍinvoｌvedｉｎseｖeｒａlpｒｏｊeｃtsａｎｄit’sａｌｏnｇworkｉｎｇdaｙ．ＢutI’mｕｓedtoｔhatsoｉｔdｏesｎ’tbｏthermetoｏmuｃh。13．A.The6:0０oｎｅ

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B.Ｃhａt(yī)tinｇｗitｈfｒiｅｎｄs.C．Liｓｔenｉnｇtothedａｉlynews.Ｄ.Plaｎｎｉnｇtheday’ｓwoｒk.Ｑuｅｓtion:１５.Ｈoｗdｏestｈeｍaｎspｅndhisｔimｅonthemoｒningtraｉｎ?Ｗ:Howdoyoupasｓthetｉme?Dｏｙoｕbrｉngｓomeworｋwithyoutodoonｔheｔrain?M：Ａｈ，tｈat’sagoodquｅstｉｏｎ.Ｉnｔｈemｏrnｉｎg,Ijｕstｓitincｏｍｆｏｒｔaｎdｒeaｄthepaｐeｒsｔocaｔｃｈupｗithｔｈｅｎews．Onthewａyhoｍeatnｉｇｈt,Ｉrｅlaｘwithaｇｏｏdbookorchaｔwithfｒienｄsoｒｅvenｈａｖeaｇamｅofｂｒidge。SectionBDiｒecｔions：Iｎthissｅctｉon，youwiｌｌhear3ｓｈorｔpassagｅｓ.Aｔthｅe(cuò)ｎdofeachpaｓsagｅ,youwｉllhearｓｏmｅquｅstｉｏnｓ.Boththeｐassａgｅａnｄｔｈｅqueｓtionｓwiｌlｂespｏｋenonｌyoｎcｅ.Afterｙoｕhearaｑuｅstioｎ,yｏｕmuｓtchｏｏsetheｂesｔａｎsweｒfroｍthefｏurｃhoicesｍarkedＡ）,B),C）aｎｄＤ)．ThｅnｍaｒkthｅcorrespondinglｅtteronAnsｗerSheｅt1withａｓｉnglｅlinｅtｈrｏｕｇｈtheceｎtｒｅ.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PａsｓaｇeOｎeQuｅｓtions1６tｏ1８ａreｂasedｏntｈｅconｖｅｒsatioｎyｏｕhaveｊｕｓtheａrｄ.16.A)Ignorｅsmallｄetａｉlswhｉleｒeadｉng.B)Ｒeａdaｔｌeaｓｔseｖｅralchaｐtersaｔoneｓitting.C）Ｄｅveloｐａｈabiｔｏfｒeaｄinｇcritｉcａlly．D)Getｋeｙiｎfｏｒｍaｔionｂyreaｄｉngjｕstｏｎｃeｏrｔwicｅ．Ｑuestiｏｎ:1６．ＷｈatｓhouｌｄAmericancｏlｌegestudeｎｔｓdｏｔocopewｉthtｈeｉrｈeａｖyｒeadingasｓigｎments?17.A)Choosｅｏｎe’sｏwnsystｅmofｍａrｋinｇ.B）Ｕnｄeｒlinethｅkeｙwordsandphraseｓ.C)Ｍakｅasfeｗmarｋｓａｓｐｏｓｓibｌｅ．D)Ｈｉghlｉghtdetaiｌｓiｎaｒｅdｃoｌor.Ｑueｓtｉoｎ:１7.Whaｔsｕｇgestｉonｄoestheｓｐeakergiveaboutｍarkingaｔextbｏok?18.A)Byreａdingthetｅxtbookscarefullｙａgａin.Ｂ）Ｂyrevieｗingｏnｌｙtheｍarkedpartｓ.C)Byfｏcusinｇonthｅnoteｓinthemargｉｎｓ.Ｄ)Byｃompaｒｉnｇnoteｓwｉtｈtheirclasｓｍaｔes.Qｕｅｓtion：１8．Ｈowsｈouｌdｓtｕdｅｎｔsｐｒepａrefｏranｅｘａｍａccorｄingtotｈesｐeakｅｒ？PassageTwoＱuestｉonｓ19to２1ａreｂaｓedontｈeconｖｅrsaｔionyｏuhaveｊuｓｔhearｄ．１９.A)Theｓｌeｅpａpｅｒsonneedｓｖariｅｓfroｍdaｙtoday．B）Theamｏunｔoｆsleepfoｒeａchｐeｒsonisｓiｍiｌar.C)Oｎｅｃaｎgetbywithacouｐleｏfhoursoｆslｅｅp.D)Ｅｖerｙboｄｙｎeedssoｍesｌｅe(cuò)pｆoｒsurviｖal.Ｑuesｔion:１９.Ｗhａt(yī)isｔaｋｅnfoｒgｒantｅdｂｙｍoｓtpeoplｅ?20.A)Ｉｔisａｍaｄｅ-upｓｔory.B）Itｉｓbeyonｄｃure.C)Iｔisａrareeｘｃeption.

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infoｒmbuｔｄｉfferｅｎtinmeａnｉnginｔhetwｏｃｕltｕｒes．Foｒexaｍｐlｅ,ａColoｍbiａnwhｏｗantｓｓomeoｎeto___（27）_＿_(dá)ｈｉｍｏftensiｇｎalswｉtｈａhandmovemｅnｔinwhiｃhaｌlthｅfinｇersofoｎehaｎd,cｕppｅd,pointdoｗnwａrdasｔｈeｙｍovｅraｐｉdly＿_(dá)_（2８）＿_(dá)＿.SpeakersorＥnｇliｓhhaｖeaｓiｍilaｒgｅｓｔｕrｅthrouｇｈtheｈandｍaynoｔbecｕppｅdaｎdthｅｆingersmａybｅｈelｄmｏreｌoｏsely,butfｏrｔhemｔhｅgeｓｔｕremeａnsｇｏｏdbyeorgoaway,ｑuiｔethe_＿＿(2９)_＿＿ｏｆtheCｏloｍｂiangesture.Ａgａin，inＣoloｍbｉａn，ａspｅaｋeｒｏｆＥnglishwouldhaｖetoｋnoｗthaｔwhenhｅ＿_(dá)_（30）__＿h(yuǎn)eightheｍostｃhooseｂｅtｗeｅnｄifｆereｎtgｅｓtｕrｅsdepenｄiｎgｏnwhｅtherheis___(31)___ahｕｍanbｅｉngoranａｎｉmａl．Ifｈeｋeｅpsｔheｐalmoftheｈanｄ___(３2)＿_(dá)_theｆloor,asheｗoｕldiｎhisｏwnｃｕltureｗhenmａkｉngkｎoｗｎtｈeheｉgｈtofaｃhｉlｄ,ｆoｒexａｍple,hewillverｙｌikelｙbｅgreetedbｙlauｇhｔｅr，ｉｎCｏｌｏｍbｉathｉsｇesｔureis_＿＿(33)＿_(dá)＿ｆorthedescｒｉｐｔionofaniｍａｌs．Ｉnoｒdeｒtodescｒiｂehｕmaｎbeiｎｇsｈeshｏｕｌdkeeｐthepalｍoｆhiｓhａnd＿＿＿(３4)_＿＿ｔｏtheflｏoｒ．Sｕｂｓｔｉtuｔｉoｎsoｆonegesturefortｈeoｔheroftencreaｔenｏtｏnｌyｈumoｒｏusbuｔａlso___(３5)_＿_(dá)moｍｅnt.Ｉｎboｔｈoftheexamｐｌeｓaｂovｅ,spｅakersｆrｏmｔwodifferentｃulｔureshaｖeｔhｅsameｇｅsｔｕre,physｉcaｌly,butｉｔsmeａningdifｆｅrsｓhａrｐlｙ.ParｔIIＩReａdingComｐrehensiｏｎ(40miｎutes）SｅctｉｏnADirｅcｔiｏns:Iｎｔhissecｔiｏn,ｔhereiｓａpassaｇewitｈｔｅnbｌanks.Yoｕａrereｑuireｄtosｅleｃｔoｎeｗorｄｆoｒｅacｈblanｋfrｏmａｌistofcｈoicesｇivｅｎinaｗｏｒdbankfoｌｌｏwiｎgｔｈｅpaｓｓａge．Reａｄtｈeｐaｓsageｔhｒoｕgｈcａｒeｆｕlｌybｅforemakｉngｙｏurchoiceｓ.Eachｃｈoｉceinｔhebanｋisiｄｅntｉｆｉedｂyaｌｅtter.PｌeａｓeｍarkthecｏrresｐｏｎｄｉｎｇleｔｔeronＡnsｗｅrＳｈｅｅt2wiｔhasingｌeｌinｅtｈrｏughthecｅntre.Yｏumaｙnｏtｕｓeanyｏftheｗordsiｎｔhｅbaｎkmoｒethanｏｎcｅ．Qｕestｉonｓ３6ｔｏ45ａrｅbaｓｅdｏnthefollowingｐasｓage.Globaｌｗａrmiｎｇisａt(yī)reｎdtowardwａrmeｒｃoｎdiｔｉonsａrｏｕｎdthewoｒld.Ｐartofｔhｅｗarｍｉｎｇisnａt(yī)urａｌ;ｗehａｖｅe(cuò)ｘpeｒｉｅｎceｄa20，000-yeａr－loｎｇwarmｉngaｓtｈelａｓtｉcｅaｇeeｎｄedanｄtｈeicｅ_＿3６__＿awaｙ，Howｅvｅr,ｗehaｖealｒｅadｙrｅaｃhedtemｐeraturesthatareｉn＿＿3７_＿witｈoｔｈerｍｉniｍｕm-ｉceｐｅrioｄs,soｃontｉnｕｅdｗａｒmｉngisｌikelyｎｏtnaｔural．Wｅare__3８_＿toapｒedｉcｔｅｄｗorldwｉｄｅinincreａseinｔeｍpｅｒaturｅs__3９__ｂｅｔweeｍ1℃and6℃ovｅrtheneｘt100yearｓ.Thewａrminｇwｉllbeｍoｒｅ_＿40__iｎsomeａｒeas，lｅsｓinothｅr，andsoｍｅplａcｅsmａｙevｅncooloff．Ｌｉkｅwiｓe,the__41＿_(dá)ｏfthisｗaｒmｉｎｇwｉllbeveryｄｉffeｒeｎtdeｐｅｎdingｏnｗherｅyouarｅ-coaｓｔaｌarｅａsmustｗorryaboutｒisingｓeａleｖelｓ,ｗｈiｌeSiberiaａndnortｈernCａｎadaｍaybecomeｍｏｒehａbiｔable（宜居的)and__4２＿_(dá)forｈｕmａｎsｔhａｎtheｓeareasareｎｏw.Tｈefaｃｔremainｓ,howeｖｅｒ，ｔhａt(yī)ｉtwiｌｌlｉｋelygetwarmｅｒ,ｏn＿_(dá)4３__,everyｗｈｅrｅ．Scienｔistsareingｅneralaｇreｅｍenｔthaｔｔhｅwarｍｅｒｃoｎditｉoｎswｅhavebeeｎｅxｐerｉenｃingａrｅaｔｌｅastinpaｒttｈｅｒｅｓuｌtofaｈumaｎ－induｃｅｄｇloｂａlｗａｒmｉnｇtrend.Somesｃｉenｔists_＿＿４４＿＿ｔhatthechａnｇes

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Ｏ)ｓｈocｋH)maiｎtａinSeｃｔionBDirectｉons：Inｔhissｅcｔion,youareｇoｉｎｇtｏreadaｐａssａgeｗithｔensｔaｔemeｎｔsａｔtacｈedtoit．Eａcｈsｔatｅｍｅntcontａinｓｉnｆoｒmａt(yī)ioｎｇiｖeniｎｏｎｅoftheparagrapｈｓIｄｅntifytｈｅpaｒaｇｒaｐhfｒｏmｗhichthｅｉnformatiｏnｉsdeｒｉved．Ｙoumａyｃhｏoseaｐaraｇraphmｏreｔｈaｎoｎcｅ.Ｅachｐaragｒａphismarkeｄwithaleｔter.ＡnswerｔhequeｓtｉｏｎｓbymaｒkinｇthecorｒeｓpｏndinｇｌetteronＡnswｅrＳｈｅｅｔ2.TheＥndoｆtheBook？[Ａ]Aｍａｚon,ｂｙfａrtｈelａｒgestbｏoｋｓellerinthecoｕntｒy,reｐoｒteｄonＭａy１9ｔｈatitisｎowseｌlingmｏｒeｂｏokｓiniｔｓｅlectroｎｉcKindleforｍaｔｔhanｉntｈeoldｐaｐｅｒ-aｎd-ｉnkfｏrｍaｔ.Tｈatisrｅmaｒkaｂlｅ,ｃonsｉｄerinｇｔｈattheＫｉndlｅｈasoｎlｙbeenａｒoundｆoｒfourｙeaｒs.Ｅ-ｂooksnｏwaｃｃouｎtfｏr１4peｒceｎtofａllbooksaｌesintｈeｃｏuntｒyａｎdareiｎcrｅａsiｎｇｆarｆaｓterthanoverallbｏoｋsales．Ｅ－ｂooｋsaleｓａreup1４6perｃｅntｏveｒlastyear,whｉlehardbａcｋｓａlesinｃreａｓｅd6perｃｅntａndpapeｒbacksｄecｒeａｓｅd８ｐerｃeｎｔ．［B]Ｄoｅｓthisspｅｌltheｄoｏmoｆｔhｅｐhysｉcａｌbｏoｋ?Certaｉnlyｎotiｍmｅdiａt(yī)ely，andpｅrｈapｓnotatａll.ＷhaｔiｔdoeｓｍeａnisthａｔtheboｏkbusinesｓwｉｌlgothrouｇｈaｔrａnsfoｒmatiｏｎiｎｔhｅnｅxtｄｅcadｅorｓｏmｏｒeｐrofoｕndthananyiｔhasseeｎsinceGuｔenbergｉｎｔrodｕceｄprｉｎtｉｎｇｆｒｏｍmoｖeaｂletyｐｅiｎtｈｅ１４50s.［C］Ｐｈysicalboｏkswｉllsurelybｅｃoｍemuｃｈrarerｉntｈemaｒketｐｌａce.Ｍassmａrkｅtpaｐerbacks,ｗｈｉｃｈhavｅｂeeｎdeclininｇforyｅａｒsanｙwａy，wilｌｐrｏbabｌｙdisapｐeａr,ａｓｗｉｌlhardbａｃksfｏrｍｙｓteｒｉes,thrilｌers,“ｒoｍancｅfictiｏn，”eｔc.Sucｈbooks,whiｃhonlyrａrelyendupｉnpermａnｅntcollｅcｔiｏns，eｉtheｒprivateoｒpｕblic,wiｌbablyｏnlybｅaｖailabｌeａse-boｏksｗiｔhｉnａｆeｗyearｓ.Ｈaｒdbaｃｋandtradepapeｒbａcksfor“seｒiｏｕs”noｎfictionａndｆｉctｉoｎwillsｕrｅlｙlａstｌongｅｒ.Perhaｐｓｉｔｗiｌｌbecometｈemａrｋofａｎaｕｔｈoｒtｏreｃｋoｎｗithtｈaｔheｏｒsheiｓｓtillpｕbliｓhedｉnhaｒdcｏpｙ.[Ｄ]Aｓｆｏｒｃhilｄren’sboｏks,whｏknowｓ?Ｃｈｉｌｄren’sbooksaｒeliｋedｏgfｏodinｔhａt(yī)tｈepuｒchaｓeｒsarｅｎｏｔthecoｎsｕｍers,sｏtｈeｍaｒｋet(anｄthemarｋeｔinｇ）isiｎherentlｙｓtraｎgｅ．[Ｅ]Foｒclｕｅｓｔｏtｈｅbooｋ’ｓfuture,ｌｅｔ’slｏｏkatｓomｅe(cuò)xａmpｌｅｓｏftechｎｏlogiｃalchａnｇeandseewｈathappenｅdtothｅoldteｃhnology.[F]Onetechnｏlｏgyreplacesaｎotheronｌybecauseｔｈeｎeｗｔｅcｈnologyｉsbettｅｒ，cｈeａper,orbotｈ.Thegｒeateｒthｅdｉｆｆeｒeｎce,thｅsooｎｅraｎｄmｏｒethoroｕghｌｙtheｎeｗｔｅcｈnologyｒeｐｌacesthｅoｌｄ．Priｎtingwｉtｈmoveableｔypｅｏｎpapｅrdrａmaticａllｙreducedｔheｃｏstｏdｕciｎｇａｂoｏkcｏmｐaｒｅｄｗithｔheold-fashｉoneｄoneｓhandｗｒittｅnoｎvellum,whichcoｍｅｓfrｏmshｅe(cuò)ｐskｉn.ＡＢｉｂｌe—tobｅｓｕrｅ，alongbook—requｉｒedvｅllｕmｍａdeｆｒom３00sheepｓkｉｎsａndcｏunｔlesｓman-hｏursoflａbor.Bｅｆoｒｅprｉnｔｉnｇarrived,ａBibｌecoｓｔｍorethanamiddle-clasｓhｏｕsｅ．Therｅwｅrｅpｅｒhaps５０,00０booｋsｉnallofEuropein1４50.Ｂy１５00theｒｅｗｅｒｅ１0mｉllｉｏn.［G]Ｂuｔwhileprｉｎtingquickｌycausedｔhｅｈandwｒiｔteｎboｏｋtoｄｉeｏut,handwriｔiｎｇliｎgerｅdｏn（繼續(xù)存在)ｗellintothe１6tｈcｅnｔury.Verｙspecialｂｏoksａreｓtｉllｏccａsｉoｎａlｌｙｐrｏｄｕcedｏnｖellum,butthｅyａrｅone-of－a－kinｄshowpｉeｃes．[Ｈ]Soｍetimｅsanｅwｔechnoｌｏgydoｅsｎ’ｔdrｉvetheoldoneｏuｔ,butonlypartsoｆiｔｗhileｆorｃｉnｇthereｓｔtoevolvｅ.Ｔheｍovieswｅrｅwidelypredｉcteｄtｏdｒiｖelivｅtheateｒｏutｏｆｔhemarｋｅtplace,butthｅydidｎ’ｔ,ｂecaｕsｅtｈeａt(yī)erturnｅｄｏutｔｏhavequaliｔｉｅｓｍｏｖｉescoulｄnoｔrｅpｒoduce.Equalｌｙ,TVwassｕpｐosedtoreｐlacemovieｓbuｔ,again，ｄｉdnoｔ.[I]Mｏviesｄｉd，howeｖer,fａt(yī)aｌｌｙｉmpaｃｔｓoｍｅpaｒtｓofｌiｖetheater.ＡｎdwhileTＶdidn’tkｉｌlmovｉes,iｔdiｄkiｌlsｅcoｎd-ｒatepicｔuｒes,sｈorts,anｄｃaｒtｏｏｎｓ.［J］ＮoｒdiｄＴＶkｉｌｌｒaｄio.Coｍedyaｎｄdｒamaｓｈｏwｓ(“JａcｋＢennｙ,”“AｍosaｎdAndy，”“ThｅShadｏw”)allmigｒａt(yī)edｔotｅlｅvｉsiｏｎ．Bｕｔbｅcaｕsｅｙoｕcａn’tdrivｅacarａndｗatchteleｖisionaｔthesametｉme,ｒusｈhouｒbｅcａｍｅｒadio’ｓpｒime，wｈｉｌｅmusｉc，talk，andneｗｓｒａｄiｏgｒｅatlｙｅnlargedｔheiｒauｄiｅnｃes.Raｄioｉｓtoｄayaｖeｒｙdｉｆfeｒｅnｔbｕｓinesｓthaniｎthｅlatｅ19４0sａndａｍuｃｈlaｒｇeroｎe.[K]Ｓｏｍetiｍesｏldｔeｃｈnｏlogｙlingeｒｓｆorceｎｔurieｓｂeｃａuｓeofiｔssｙmｂoliｃｐower．Ｍｏuntedcavaｌrｙ（騎兵)ｒeplａｃｅｄthｅchariot(二輪戰(zhàn)車(chē))oｎtｈebattlefｉelｄarｏuｎd100０ＢＣ．ButcｈarｉｏｔｓmaiｎtaｉnｅdtｈｅｉrplaceinｐaradｅsanｄｔriumｐhsｒighｔｕpｕnｔｉltｈeeｎdofthｅRoｍａnEｍｐire1,5０0ｙearslater.Theswordｈasn’ｔｈadaｍｉliｔaryｆuncｔiｏnfoｒaｈｕnｄrｅｄｙｅars,bｕtiｓstiｌｌｐａrｔｏfanｏfficｅｒ’ｓｆuｌｌ-drｅssuｎiform，preciｓｅｌybｅｃａｕseaswｏｒdａｌｗａyssymboliｚed“ａnoffｉcerandaｇｅntｌｅｍaｎ.”[L］Somｅｔｉmesｎewｔecｈnologyiｓalittleｃrankｙ(不穩(wěn)定的）aｔfirst．Teｌｅｖｉｓionrepairmanｗasacommonocｃｕpatiｏniｎtｈe1９5０s,fｏrinstaｎce.Anｄsotｈeoldｔechｎoｌogyｒemaｉｎsaｓaｂaｃｋup.ＳｔeaｍshiｐsｃapｔｕrｅdｔｈeNoｒthAｔlａntｉcpaｓsｅｎgeｒbｕｓｉｎeｓsfｒomｓailinthe18４0sｂecauｓｅｏｆｉtｓmuchgrｅａt(yī)ｅrspeed．Butsteamshｉpｓｄiｄｎ’tlｏsｅtheirsailｓｕntｉｌtｈe1880s，ｂecaｕseearlｙｍarineengiｎeｓhadaｎasｔyｈaｂiｔofbｒeａkiｎgdown.Uｎｔilshｉpｓbｅｃaｍｅｌａrgeｅnouｇh(ａｎdｅｎginessｍalｌｅnouｇh)tｏmounｔtwoｅnｇineｓsｉdｅbysiｄe,ｔheyｎeｅdedｔokeｅpsaiｌs.(Ｔhehｉｇｈcｏｓtofstｅamaｎdthｅleｓserneeｄfoｒspｅe(cuò)dkｅｐttｈemajｏritｙoｆｔhewoｒld’soceａnｆrｅｉghtｍoviｎgｂysailunｔilthｅe(cuò)arlyyearｓoｆthｅ2０ｔｈｃentuｒy．）[M]Tｈeｎtｈｅｒｅisthｅfireplａce.Centralｈeaｔinｇｗａspreｓeｎtinevｅryupｐｅｒ-anｄmｉｄdle-cｌasshomebyｔheｓeｃondhａlfｏfthe１9thcenturｙ.Bｕｔfuｎｃtioｎingfirｅｐｌacesｒemaｉntotｈｉsｄayapｏwerｆulsellｉｎgpｏintinaｈouseｏrapartment.Ｉsuspｅctｔｈerｅasoｎisａdeep-rｏotｅｄｌｏveoｆtｈｅｆire.Ｆiｒeｗａｓoneoftheearｌiｅｓｔｍaｊortechｎoloｇiｃaｌaｄvancｅsfoｒｈuｍaｎkind,prｏｖiｄingheat,ｐｒotectiｏｎ,andcooｋedfoｏd(whｉcｈｉｓmuchｅａsｉeｒｔoｃataｎｄｄiｇesｔ).Hｕmａｎcontrolofｆiregｏesｂaｃｋｆareｎoｕgh(oveｒamillionｙｅarｓ)thａt(yī)evolｕtｉoncouｌdhaｖeproｄｕcｅｄagｅｎetｉcｌeａnｉｎgtoｗａrdsfireasacｅntralasｐectｏfhuｍａｎliｆe.[N］Ｂooｋs—eｓpeｃｉａllybookstheaverａgepersoncouldafford—ｈaveｎ’tbeeｎａrｏｕｎdlongｅｎｏuｇｈｔducｅe(cuò)voluｔionarychangeｉnhumａns．Ｂuttｈeｙhaｖeaｐｏwｅｒfulhoｌdｏnｍａnｙpeｏpleｎｏｎetｈｅlｅsｓ，aholｄｅxtｅｎｄiｎｇｆarｂeｙｏｎdｔheirlitｅｒａrycontent.Aｔthｅiｒbest,tｈeyarｅｗorksｏｆartandtｈereｉsatacｔiｌe(觸覺(jué)的）ｐleａsｕreinbｏoｋsneｃessarｉlyｌostinｅ-ｂoｏkｖeｒsｉｏnｓ.Thｅaｂiｌｉtｙtoquｉcklｙthumbthｒouｇｈpaｇeｓiｓalsolosｔ.Ａnｄaｒoomｗitｈbｏokｓiｎitｉｎｄuces,aｔｌeaｓtinsoｍe,ａfｅｅｌingnotｄｉssimｉlartotｈatｏｆaｆireinthefirｅplacｅonacoldｗinter’snｉght.[O］ＦortｈeserｅａsｏｎｓIｔｈinｋphyｓicａlboｏkswillhａvｅalonｇeｒexiｓｔenｃeａsａcoｍmeｒcｉａｌｐroｄuctthansｏmecurrentｌypｒｅdict．Ｌｉkｅsｗorｄs,ｂoｏｋshavｅsｙｍｂｏliｃpｏweｒ．Lｉkeｆirｅplａces，thｅyinducｅaseｎseｏfｃomfｏrtａndwａｒmｔｈ.Anｄ,perhapｓ,ｓｉmilartoｓaiｌs,thｅｙmａkeaｕsｅfulbａｃk-uｐｆoｒwhenthｅｌightsgoout.46.Ａｕthｏrｓsｔｉllpｕｂｌisheｄinprinｔedverｓionswillbeｃoｎｓｉdｅredimｐorｔaｎtones.４７．Soｍepeｏplearｅｓtilｌｉnfavorofpｒiｎtｅdbｏｏｋｓｂｅcａｕseofｔｈesｅnseofｔoｕchtheｙcａnprovide.48.Ｔhｅｒａdiobｕsineｓsｈａscｈaｎgedｇreatｌｙａndnｏwａt(yī)ｔｒacｔsｍｏｒeｌｉｓｔｅｎers.4９.Ｃoｎｔｒarytｏｍａnｙｐeopｌｅ’sprｅdicｔioｎofitsｄｅａt(yī)ｈ，thefｉlmｉndusｔrysuｒvivｅd.５0.Rｅmarkablｅchａngesｈavetakｅｎpｌaceiｎｔhｅboｏkbusｉｎess.51.Oｌｄtecｈｎoｌogysoｍetimesｃonｔinueｓｔoeｘistbｅcauseofitsｒeliａbilｉty．52.Ｔｈｅｉncrｅaseofe-bｏｏｋｓalｅｓｗillforｃethebookbｕsinesｓtomakｅchangesｎotｓeenfｏｒcenturｉｅｓ.53．Anewtecｈnologyisunｌｉｋelｙtｏtａｋeｔhｅｐlaｃeｏfanolｄonewitｈoutacｌｅaｒａdｖantａge.５4．Ｐapeｒbacksofpｏｐｕlarlｉtｅratｕrearemｏrｅlikeｌｙtobeｒeｐｌacedｂye-ｂoｏks.５5.Ahoｕｓｅｗithaｆiｒｅpｌacehａsａstｒｏｎgerappｅalｔoｂuｙeｒｓ．SectｉonＣＤｉrectｉｏns:Ｔheｒeare2ｐassageｓinthiｓsection．Eaｃhpａssagｅisｆolｌowedｂysomｅquｅstiｏnｓorunfiｎishedstatｅmeｎｔｓ.ForeacｈofｔhemｔhereareｆouｒcｈｏｉceｓmarkeｄＡ)，B),C)andD).YouｓhｏulｄdｅcidｅｏnｔheｂeｓtchｏicｅａｎｄmａｒktｈｅcorrｅsｐondingｌetｔeｒonＡnsweｒSheｅｔ2wｉthasinｇlｅｌiｎethrougｈthｅｃｅｎtｒe.ＰａｓｓageＯｎeQｕesｔｉonｓ５6to６0ａｒebaｓedoｎtｈefｏllｏwiｎgpassage.Ｔheｑｕｅstioｎofｗheｔhｅｒｏｕｒgoveｒnmentｓhｏuldpｒomｏｔesciｅncｅaｎdtｅchnoｌｏｇｙｏrtｈelｉbｅralarｔｓiｎhighereducaｔiｏｎisｎ’tａneｉｔher/orｐropositiｏｎ(命題),ａｌｔhoughｔhecurreｎｔｅmpｈａsｉsoｎpreparｉnｇｙouｎgAmeriｃａnsfｏrSTEM(ｓｃiencｅ,tecｈnoｌｏｇy,engｉｎｅe(cuò)riｎg，mａt(yī)hｓ)-ｒeｌatｅｄfiｅldｓcａnmakeiｔｓeeｍｔhａｔｗaｙ．Thelatestconｇresｓｉｏnalｒepｏrtacknｏwｌedｇｅstｈｅｃｒｉtｉｃaｌiｍｐortａncｅofｔecｈｎicａlｔrａｉｎinｇ,butalｓoassertsｔhaｔtheｓｔuｄyｏftheｈuｍanitｉeｓ（人文學(xué)科)andsociａｌscieｎｃesｍｕｓtrｅｍaｉnｃentｒａlcｏmponentsoｆAmerica’sedｕcａt(yī)iｏnaｌｓｙsｔemataｌｌlｅvels．Boｔｈareｃritｉcａltoｐｒｏｄucingｃitｉzenｓwhocanｐaｒｔicipatｅｅffectivｅlｙinourdｅmocraｔicｓocieｔｙ,ｂecomeinｎoｖative(創(chuàng)新的)ｌeaｄｅrs,ａndbenｅfitｆromthｅｓpiｒitualenｒichｍeｎｔtｈatｔherｅｆleｃｔiｏnｏｎthegreａt(yī)idｅasｏfｍaｎｋiｎdoｖｅｒtimeproｖidｅｓ．Pａrｅntsandsｔuｄｅnｔｓwhohavｅiｎｖｅstedheａｖｉlｙｉnhiｇheｒeduｃaｔioｎworｒｙaboｕｔgrａduaｔes’joｂprosｐｅctｓasｔechｎｏｌoｇｉcalaｄvanceｓａｎdchangeｓinｄomｅsｔicandgｌoｂａlmaｒketsｔranｓfoｒｍprｏfｅssionsinwａｙｓthａｔreｄucewagesandcutjobｓ．Underｔｈesecircumｓｔaｎｃｅｓ,it’snatｕraｌtoｌookｆoｒｗｈatmaｙappｅａrtoｂetｈｅｍｏｓｔ“ｐｒａctical”wayoutofthｅprｏblｅｍ“Ｍajorinａｓuｂｊｅctｄesigｎｅdtogetyｏｕaｊob”ｓeemsthｅｏbvｉｏusａnsweｒｔoｓomｅ,tｈoｕghtｈiｓignｏrｅsthｅfactthatmａnyｄisciplineｓiｎｔhｅhuｍａnitieschａｒacteｒｉzedａs“soft”oftｅｎ，ｉｎfact,ｌeadｔoｅmｐloyｍｅnｔanｄｓucｃｅssinｔhelonｇｒun．Ｉnｄeed，accｏｒdiｎgｔosｕrｖeys,ｅｍplｏyｅrsｈａｖｅe(cuò)xpresseｄapｒeｆerｅｎceforstudｅｎtswhohaｖｅｒｅｃｅｉｖedaｂｒoａｄｌy－basedｅｄｕcatｉoｎthaｔhaｓtaughtthemtoｗritewｅll，thｉnｋcritiｃalｌｙ,researｃｈcrｅaｔivelｙ,andｃoｍmunicateｅasｉly.Ｍoreover，ｓtｕdenｔｓshouldbeprepareｄnoｔjｕstｆoｒtheirｆirsｔjｏb，buｔｆorｔheiｒ4ｔｈａｎd5tｈjｏbｓ,asｔｈｅｒe’sliｔtlereａｓontodoubtthａt(yī)ｐeoｐｌｅｅｎteｒｉnｇthｅworkfｏrcetｏdayｗillbecalｌedupontoｐlaymaｎydifｆereｎtroleｓoｖerｔheｃourseoｆｔheｉrｃａrｅｅrs．Tｈｅoneswhowｉlldotheｂestｉｎｔｈisｎewenｖironmentwillbetｈｏsewhoｓeeducａt(yī)ｉonsｈavepｒepaｒedthemｔobeｆleｘiｂlｅ.Tｈeabilｉtytodrａwuｐｏneverｙavaiｌａbｌｅtoｏｌａnｄinｓｉghｔ—pickeduｐｆromsciencｅ,ａrts，ａndｔechｎology—toｓoｌvetｈeｐroｂｌemsoｆthｅｆutuｒｅ,andtａkeadvantａgeoｆtｈeｏｐｐｏrｔunｉtｉesｔｈａｔｐresenｔthｅmseｌvｅｓ，willbehelｐｆultothｅmanｄtｈｅＵniｔedStａｔｅs．注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡２上作答。56.Wｈａｔdoestｈeｌａt(yī)eｓtcｏnｇressioｎａlｒｅｐortsugｇesｔ?Ａ）STＥM-rｅlatedsubjｅｃtshelｐstｕdｅntｓfiｎdjoｂsinｔhｅinfｏrｍaｔionｓocｉｅty.B）ＴhｅhumaｎiｔiesａndSＴEMsubjectsｓｈoｕｌdbegｉvenequalｉmpｏｒｔａｎce．C)Ｔhｅlibeｒａlarｔsinｈigheｒｅdｕｃaｔiｏnhｅｌpenriｃhstｕdｅnｔｓ’spiｒitualliｆe．D)Hｉgｈｅreｄucａt(yī)iｏnshｏulｄbeadjusｔedｔotheｐｒactｉcalnｅｅdsｏｆsoｃiety.57.Ｗhａt(yī)istheｍaincoｎcerｎｏfstudeｎtｓwheｎtｈeyｃｈooｓｅａｍａjor?A)Theiｒinteresｔinｒelevantsｕbｊeｃts.Ｂ)Theａcａdeｍiｃvaｌueｏｆthｅcｏｕrses.C）Thｅqualiｔyoｆeｄuｃatｉｏnｔoreceive.Ｄ)Tｈeirｃhanｃｅsoｆｇeｔtｉｎgａgｏodjob.58．Ｗｈａt(yī)dｏｅsｔheautｈoｒｓａyaboｕtｔhｅｓocallｅdｓofｔsubjｅcts？A)Thebeｎefitsｔudｅntsinｔheiｒfutｕrelｉfe.B)Tｈｅｙｂroaｄｅnstuｄents’rａnｇeofｉnterｅsts.C)Theｙiｍpｒovesｔudeｎts’ｃomｍuｎicatｉonsｋｉllｓ．Ｄ）Thｅyareeｓsｅntｉａlｔｏsｔｕdenｔｓ’healthyｇrowth.59.Whatkiｎdoｆjobａｐｐlicantsdoemployersｌｏｏｋfor?A)Ｔhoseｗｈohａｖeastronｇsｅnseofrespｏｎｓibｉlｉty．B)Ｔhｏｓｅwhoａreｇooｄａｔsｏlvｉngprａｃtiｃａlｐｒoblemｓ.C)Ｔhosｅwhoａrｅlikelyｔobｅcomeｉｎnｏvａt(yī)iveｌｅaderｓ．Ｄ)Tｈoｓewｈohaｖｅreceiｖeｄａwｅll-rｏunｄｅｄeｄuｃatioｎ.6０.Wｈatadviｃeｄoｅstheauthorgｉvetoｃｏllegestudｅnts?A)Ｓeizｅoppｏrtｕｎitiｅstｏtaｐtheｉｒpoteｎtｉal.B）Tｒytotaｋeａｖariｅｔyofpｒaｃtｉcaｌcouｒses．C）Pｒeｐａrethemsｅｌvesｆordｉfｆeｒentｊoboptｉons.D)Adｏptａflexｉbｌeａpｐroachtｏsｏlｖｉngproｂｌeｍs．PassaｇｅＴwｏQueｓtioｎs61tｏ６５aｒebａｓeｄｏnｔhefollｏwｉnｇpasｓage．Energｙｉnｄepｅｎdeｎｃe．Ｉthasaniceｒiｎgtoit．Dｏesｎ’tｉt?Ifｙouthiｎksｏ，ｙou’reｎｏｔalone,beｃａuseenerｇyindｅpｅｎdeｎcｅｈasbeentheｄｒeamｏfAmｅricanｐreｓidｅnｔｆｏｒdｅｃades，andnｅveｒmoresothａniｎtｈeｐastfewyearｓ,whenthemｏstrecｅntoilpｒicesｈockhａsbeenpａｒtlｙresponｓｉbｌeforｋｉckｉｎgｏfftheｇreatreceｓsion．“Ｅnｅｒgyiｎdepenｄｅｎce”andｉtｓrhetorｉcaｌ(修辭的)cｏｍpanion“ｅnergｙsecuｒity”are,hoｗｅｖｅｒ,slipperｙcｏｎｃeptsthaｔareraｒｅlythouｇhｔｈrougｈ.Ｗhatｉsitweｗａｎtiｎｄｅpenｄencｅfｒom,eｘaｃｔly?Mｏstpｅopｌewoｕｌdprｏbａｂlｙsaytｈatｔheywanｔｔoｂeｉndepｅｎdｅｎtfromimpｏｒtedｏil.Ｂuｔtｈeｒeａrereasonsｔｈａt(yī)ｗebuyallthatoldfｒoｍelsｅwhｅre.Theｆirstrｅasonistｈatwｅｎｅe(cuò)ditｔokeeｐｏurecoｎｏmyｒｕｎning．Ｙes,thｅrｅisatrickle(涓涓細(xì)流)ofbiｏfｕel(生物燃料)avaiｌaｂle，aｎｄmoremaｙbecｏmeaｖａiｌable,butmｏｓtbiofuelsｃauseｅｃｏｎomiｃwaｓteandenviｒonｍentａｌｄｅstrｕctiｏn.Second,Americanshavｅｂａsicallydｅcidedthatthｅydon’tｒｅａllywａntｔoprｏｄuceａlltheｉrｏwnoil.Theｙｖａlueｔheｅnvｉronmｅntａｌqｕａlｉtytheypreｓｅrvｅovertheiｒoiliｍｐortｓfｒｏmａbｒｏａｄ．VａｓｔareaｓoftｈeUniｔｅｄSｔatｅsareｏff-ｌiｍitstooiｌexplｏraｔiｏnaｎｄpｒodｕctiｏnintｈｅnaｍｅoｆenviｒonmenｔalｐｒotectiｏn.ＴｏwｈaｔextenｔａｒｅＡmeｒiｃaｎsrｅallywillｉnｇtoｅndｕｒeｔｈｅｅnｖirｏｎmentaｌimｐactsｏfdoｍestｉceｎeｒgyｐｒoduｃtiｏniｎorｄertocuｔｂａckｉｍｐorｔs?Ｔhiｒｄ,tｈｅrｅａrｅbenｅｆiｔstotradｅ.Ｉｔallowsforeｃｏnoｍiｃeｆfｉcｉency，aｎdwhｅnwｅbuyｔhingsfrｏmplａｃesthａｔhaveｌoweｒpｒoｄｕｃｔionｃoｓｔｓｔhanweｄｏ,wｅbenｅfit．Anｄalthoｕgｈｙoｕdoｎ’ｔrｅａｄaｂｏuｔｔhismuｃh,ｔheＵnitedStatｅｓｉsａlsoalaｒgeeｘpｏrｔerofoilｐrｏducts,ｓellingａbout2ｍilｌionｂaｒｒelsofpeｔroleumpｒｏductsperdayｔoaboｕｔ９0couｎｔｒiｅｓ.TｈｅrｅisnoｑuｅstｉoｎthａｔｔheUｎｉｔｅｄSｔatesｉmportｓagreaｔｄeａlofenｅｒgyanｄ,inｆａｃt,reｌiesｏｎthatｓｔeadｙflowtomaintａｉｎitseconomy.Wheｎthatflowiｓintｅrrｕｐted,ｗｅfｅe(cuò)ltheｐainｉｎshortsｕppliesandhighｅrprices,Ａtthesametiｍe，wedｅrｉveｍaｓsiｖｅe(cuò)cｏnomiｃｂenefiｔｓｗｈenｗｅｂuythemｏｓtaｆfordableenerｇyonｔheworｌｄmａrkeｔａnｄwhenwｅe(cuò)ngaｇeineｎeｒｇyｔrａdearｏundth