中考英語語法復(fù)習現(xiàn)在完成時課件

**現(xiàn)在完成時**

洪雅縣實驗中學宋濤現(xiàn)在完成時是由助動詞have（has）+過去分詞構(gòu)成其否定句在have/has后加not.一般疑問句把have/has提到主語前.回答也用have/has.動詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則變化（和過去式一樣）不規(guī)則變化：基本結(jié)構(gòu)說出動詞以及過去式和過去分詞。

1.e—3.go--4.do—5.have--6.drink—7.give--8.eat–9.know--10.make—11.run--12.say—13.see--14.find—15.draw--16.get—17.hear--18.begin—19.buy--20.leave—was/were--beencame--comewent--gonedid--donehad-haddrank--drunkgave--givenate--eatenknew--knownmade--maderan--runsaid--saidsaw-seenfound--founddrew--drawngot--gotheard-heardbegan--begunbought--boughtleft--left

1表過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果

--wouldyoulikesomebread?--No,thanks.

Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(對現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓)

常用副詞just（剛剛）,already,before,yet（一般疑問：已經(jīng)；否定句：還),

never,ever等。①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?

③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.⑤I’vejust

finishedmyhomework.

⑥Hehasnotcomeyet.sofar,inthelast（past)tenyears,

bynow,thesedays等時間狀語可與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。Ihaven’tseenher

thesedays.Myhometownhaschangedalotinthelast10years.2。表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示可能繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)。通常和

for（一段時間）,since（過去的時間點或過去時的句子）連用.提問用howlongIhavebeenherefortwoyears.Hehasworkedheresince1989.ShehastaughtussinceIcametothisschool.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Ihavelivedherefor10years.用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforsince注意點一：非延續(xù)性動詞與現(xiàn)在完成時close—open—getup—finish/end—lose—marry—beclosedbeupbeopenbeoverbelostbemarried(to)簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時中，非延續(xù)性動詞不能與for和since引導的表示一段時間的狀語連用，通常是用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞來代替。常用的非延續(xù)性動詞及替代形式如下：gettoknow—

die—fallasleep/gotosleep—come/go/arrivein/at—come/getback—leave—borrow—buy—begin/start—puton—join—catchacold—

haveacoldknowbedeadwearbeonhavekeepbeawayfrom

bebackbehere/there/in/at

beasleepbein/beamemberof√×××√×√√()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.

Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他們來這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyears.HehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入團兩年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.這個人已經(jīng)去世好幾年了。請判斷1.Ihave

borrowedthebookfor2weeks.()2.Thefilmhas

begun

for5minutes.()ABCABCBkept

Bbeenon3.這輛自行車我買了兩年了。

I’ve_____thebike_____twoyears.4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He____________________Nanjingfortwoyears.5.Themonkeydiedlastmonth.Themonkey_______________foramonth.hadforhasbeenawayfromhasbeendead注意點二：現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至會繼續(xù)下去或表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生的時間在過去?，F(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)范圍，因此，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,lastnight,twoweeksago等

牢記:when不與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。動詞填空：

1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(be)there?

HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen下一頁上一頁主菜單4.I__________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She_________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries_______________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen______(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.MrChen__________(give)upsmokingsincelastyear.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgavehasgiven下一頁上一頁主菜單1、have(has)beenin表示“在某地（多長時間）”，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如：TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他們到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)beento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust,ever,never等連用，例如：MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.瑪麗從未去過長城。Have(has)beento后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。3、have(has)goneto意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，例如：----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到書店去了。注意點三:havebeenin,havebeento,havegoneto1.Myparents

theGreatWalltwice.Theylikethereverymuch.2.youever

theHappyvalley?3.Howlong

Peter

theWestHillfarm?4.Mysister

theshop.Shewillbebackintwohours.5.She

Shanghai.Sheisn’there.6.She

Shanghaifortwoyearshasgonetohavebeento

Havebeento

hasbeenin

hasgonetohasbeeninPractice：1.—Canyougivemetherightanswer?—Sorry,I___.Wouldyoupleaserepeatthatquestion?A.haven’tlistenedB.hadn’tlistenedC.don’tlistenD.wasn’tlistening2.Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentiontowhat____.havemarkedB.havebeenmarkedC.hadmarkedD.hadbeenmarked3.—Itseemsthatsheisthinkingaboutsomething.—Yes,shecannotrememberwhatkeyshe___tohercomputer.setB.hassetC.hadsetD.sets

4.Danny___hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.worksB.isworkingC.