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2022年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語一真題

一、SectionIUseofEnglish

1.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyourtranslationon

theANSWERSHEET.

Theideathatplantshavesomedegreeofconsciousnessfirsttook

rootintheearly2000s;theterm“plantneurobiology”was

[Al]aroundthenotionthatsomeaspectsofplantbehavior

couldbe[A2]___tointelligenceinanimals.[A3]

plantslackbrains,thefiringofelectricalsignalsintheirstems

andleavesnonethelesstriggeredresponsesthat____[A4]

consciousness,researcherspreviouslyreported.

Butsuchanideaisuntrue,accordingtoanewopinionarticle.Plant

biologyiscomplexandfascinating,butit[A5]___sogreatly

fromthatofanimalsthatso-called____[A6]____ofplants'

intelligenceisinconclusive,theauthorswrote.

Beginningin2006,somescientistshave____[A7]____thatplants

possessneuron-likecellsthatinteractwithhormonesand

neurotransmitters,___[A8]____"aplantnervoussystem,

[A9]___tothatinanimals,“saidleadstudyauthorLincolnTaiz,

“They____[A10]____claimedthatplantshave'brain-likecommand

centers'attheirroottips.”

This___[A12]____makessenseifyousimplifytheworkingsofa

complexbrain,LA12]___ittoanarrayofelectricalpulses;

cellsinplantsalsocommunicatethroughelectricalsignals.

[A131___,thesignalinginaplantisonly[A14]____similar

tothefiringinacomplexanimalbrain,whichismorethan“amass

ofcellsthatcommunicatebyelectricity,Taizsaid.

“Forconsciousnesstoevolve,abrainwithathreshold—[A15]

ofcomplexityandcapacityisrequired,he[A16].”

Sinceplantsdon,thavenervoussystems,the[A17]that

theyhaveconsciousnessareeffectivelyzero.”

Andwhat'ssogreataboutconsciousness,anyway?Plantscan,trun

awayfrom___[A18]____,soinvestingenergyinabodysystemwhich

1A19]___athreatandcanfeelpainwouldbeavery____

[A20]____evolutionarystrategy,accordingtothearticle.

(1).[Al]

A.coinedJ

B.discovered

C.collected

D.issued

邏輯關系題。分號提示分號前后語義一致。根據分號前的first(首次)和

tookroot(生根)可知,plantshavesomedegreeofconsciousness(植物

有某種程度的意識)在當時是種新思想。據此推斷,theterm"plant

neurobiology是個新概念。A項coined表示"創(chuàng)造(新詞語)”,代入后符

合原文語義。所以,本題答案為A項。

(2).[A2]

A.attributed

B.directed

C.comparedJ

D.confined

固定搭配題。分號提示分號前后語義一致。根據分號前plantshavesome

degreeofconsciousness(植物有某種程度的意識)可知:植物有意識。這種

意識與空白處后的intelligenceinanimals(動物的智力)二者存在相似

性。C項compared與to構成固定搭配,表示”表明...與....相似;將....比

作“,代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

(3).[A3]

A.Unless

B.When

C.Once

D.ThoughJ

邏輯關系題。本題考查句內邏輯關系,比較本句前后兩個半句語義,即plants

lackbrains(植物缺乏大腦)和thefiringofelectricalsignalsin

theirstemsandleavesnonethelesstriggeredresponses(然而,莖和葉

發(fā)射的電信號觸發(fā)了反應),可知二者存在語義相反。D項Though(雖然,盡

管)提示讓步關系,屬于語義相反,符合原文邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為D

項。

干擾項:A項Unless(除非),B項When(當...時),C項Once(一旦),

均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(4).[A4]

A.copedwith

B.consistedof

C.hintedatV

D.extendedto

固定搭配題。根據空白處前后的responses(反應)和consciousness(感覺;

意識)語義可知,前者是后者的一種信號。C項hintedat為固定搭配,表示

“暗示,透露”,代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

干擾項:A項copedwith(處理,對付),B項consistedof(由...構

成),D項extendedto(將范圍擴大至...)均不符合原文語義。

(5).[A5]

A.suffers

B.benefits

C.develops

D.differsJ

語境題。根據本段段首suchanideaisuntrue對上段觀點(植物意識和動物

智力存在相似性)的否定可知:植物意識和動物智力并不相似。所以,本題所

考查的it(指代Plantbiology)和thatofanimals(that指代biology)

之間的語義關系為二者相異。D項differs(相異,不同于)代入后符合原文語

義和邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為D項。

干擾項:A項suffers(受苦,受難),B項benefits(得益于),C項

develops(發(fā)展,變化)均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(6).[A6]

A.acceptance

B.evidenceV

C.cultivation

D.creation

語境題。上句suchanideaisuntrue是對上段末句(植物的反應體現其意

識)的否定,也就是說,本段主要觀點為:植物沒有意識(智力)。本句so-

called6ofplants,intelligenceisinconclusive(所謂的“植物智力”

的6是沒有說服力的)也需與本段主要觀點保持一致。B項evidence(證據)

代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項acceptance(同意,認可),C項cultivation(種植,栽培),

D項creation(創(chuàng)造)均不符合原文語義。

(7).[A7]

A.doubted

B.denied

C.arguedV

D.requested

語境題。比較本句scientistshave7thatplantspossessneuron-like

cellsthat-(科學家們一直7植物具有……神經元樣細胞)和下句They10

claimedthatplantshave'brain-likecommandcenters'...(他們10

聲稱植物……有“大腦般的指揮中心”),可知,二者結構相似:scientists

和They,后者指代前者,二者同義;plants原詞復現;possess(擁有)與have

二者同義。所以,空白處語義與下句對應位置的claimed(聲稱)語義相近。C

項argued(主張,提出理由說明)符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

干擾項:A項doubted(懷疑),B項denied(否認),D項requested(要

求),均不符合原文語義。

(8).[A8]

A.adapting

B.formingV

C.repairing

D.testing

語境題。比較空白處前neuronTikecellsthat…(...神經元樣細胞)和空

白處后aplantnervoussystem(植物神經系統(tǒng)),可知,前者是后者的構成

要素。B項forming(使形成)代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項adapting(使適應),C項repairing(補救,糾正)和D項

testing(測驗,考查)均不符合原文語義。

(9).[A9]

A.analogousV

B.essential

C.suitable

D.sensitive

語境題。比較空白處前aplantnervoussystem(植物神經系統(tǒng))和空白處后

thatinanimals(動物的神經系統(tǒng),其中,that指代anervoussystem)可

知,二者同為神經系統(tǒng)。A項analogous表示“相似的,類似的“,代入后符

合原文語義。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項essential(必不可少的),C項suitable(適用的)和D項

sensitive(敏感的)均不符合原文語義。

(10).[A10]

A.just

B.ever

C.still

D.evenV

邏輯關系題。本題考查句間邏輯關系,比較本句claimedthatplantshave

"brain-likecommandcenters'(聲稱植物擁有“大腦般的指揮中心”)和

上句somescientistshave7thatplantspossessneuron-likecells(一

些科學家一直7植物擁有神經元樣細胞)語義可知,從對「植物有意識」的論

證力度上來說,“大腦般的指揮中心”比“神經元樣細胞”更進一層。D項

even(甚至)提示遞進關系,符合原文邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為D項。

干擾項:A項just(僅僅),B項ever(從來,在任何時候),C項still

(還,還是),均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(11).[All]

A.restriction

B.experiment

C.perspectiveJ

D.demand

邏輯關系題。This+空白處指代上段提到的信息;上段主要提出了Taiz的觀點、

論點,因此空白處語義表示觀點、論點。C項perspective(觀點)是對該句的

概括,代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

干擾項:A項restriction(限制),B項experiment(實驗),D項demand

(要求),均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(12).[A12]

A.attaching

B.reducingV

C.returning

D.exposing

固定搭配題??瞻滋幩诘臓钫Z結構,是對主句謂語simplify(使簡化)的一

種伴隨狀態(tài),所以,空白處語義與simplify(使簡化)語義相近。B項

reducing與介詞to搭配,表示“將……概括為(或簡化為)”,代入后符合

原文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:其余各項均可與介詞to構成不同搭配,A項attaching…to…

(把...固定在....上),C項returning…to…(把...帶回....,把....送

回...),D項exposing…to…(向....顯露....),均不符合原文語義。

(13).[A13]

A.HoweverJ

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.Otherwise

邏輯關系題。本題考查句間邏輯關系,比較空白處前cellsinplantsalso

communicatethroughelectricalsignals(植物中的細胞也通過電信號溝

通)和空白處后thesignalinginaplantisonly14similartothe

firinginacomplexanimalbrain,whichismorethan“amassof

cellsthatcommunicatebyelectricity(植物中的信號傳導只是14類似于

復雜動物大腦中的放電,而動物大腦不只是“通過電進行交流的大量細胞”)

語義,可知,空白處前后存在語義相反:前者的also(也)強調植物和動物

(在信號溝通方式上)的相似之處,后者的only…similar(僅僅...相似

的)弱化了該相似。A項However(然而)體現轉折,屬于語義相反,符合原文

邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項Moreover(而且),C項Therefore(因此),D項Otherwise

(否則),均不符合原文邏輯關系。

(14).[A14]

A.temporarily

B.literally

C.superficiallyV

D.imaginarily

語境題。根據后半句whichismorethan“amassofcellsthat

communicatebyelectricity(動物大腦不只是“通過電進行交流的大量細

胞“)可知,動物大腦更復雜,動物大腦和植物智力間更多的是相異,所以,

前半句的相似(similar)是并不充分的。C項superficially(表面上地)代

入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

干擾項:A項temporarily(臨時地),B項literally(真正地,確實地),D

項imaginarily(虛構地),均不符合原文語義。

(15).[A15]

A.list

B.levelJ

C.label

D.load

語境題。根據本句Forconsciousnesstoevolve,abrainwitha

threshold15ofcomplexityandcapacityisrequired(意識想要進化,需

要一個具有起始15的復雜性和容量的大腦)并結合threshold(起始的)語

義可知,本句對complexityandcapacity(復雜性和容量)的要求

(required)是一種程度上的要求。B項level(水平)代入后符合原文語義。

所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項list(清單),C項label(標簽),D項load(負荷),均不符

合原文語義。

(16).[A16]

A.recalled

B.agreed

C.questioned

D.addedJ

語境題。本句是引語,出自he,he指代上段末句Taiz,觀察發(fā)現:上段末句

也是出自Taiz的引語。比較上段末句acomplexanimalbrain,whichis

morethan“amassofcellsthatcommunicatebyelectricity(動物大腦

不只是“通過電進行交流的大量細胞”)和本句Forconsciousnessto

evolve,abrainwithathreshold15ofcomplexityandcapacityis

required(為了使意識進化,需要一個具有起始15的復雜性和容量的大腦)

語義,可知,后者在對前者作進一步闡述。D項added(補充說,繼續(xù)說)代入

后最符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為D項。

干擾項:A項recalled(記起,回憶起),B項agreed(表示“同意,贊

同“,用于與別人觀點相同時),C項questioned(懷疑),均不符合原文語

義。

(17).[A17]

A.chancesV

B.risks

C.excuses

D.assumptions

邏輯關系題。Since(由于)提示因果關系:plantsdon'thavenervous

systems(植物沒有神經系統(tǒng))為因,the17thattheyhaveconsciousness

areeffectivelyzero(它們所擁有意識的17實際上為零)為果。由因推果

可知,缺乏神經系統(tǒng),意識也不會存在。A項chances(機會,可能性)代入后

符合原文語義和邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項risks(風險),C項excuses(借口),D項assumptions(假

定,假設)均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(18).[A18]

A.dangerV

B.failure

C.warning

D.control

邏輯關系題。so(所以)提示句內因果關系:so前為因,so后為果。根據run

awayfrom(回避)可知,空白處語義為負面傾向。借助果,即so后的threat

(威脅)可知,空白處語義與“威脅”語義相近。A項danger(危險)代入后

符合原文語義和邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項failure(失?。?,C項warning(警告),D項control(控制)

均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(19).[A19]

A.represents

B.includes

C.revealsV

D.recognizes

邏輯關系題。and提示順承關系,屬于語義一致:19athreat(19一種威

脅)與canfeelpain(可感知疼痛)二者結構相似,語義相近。D項

recognizes(識別)代入后符合原文語義和邏輯關系。所以,本題答案為D

項。

干擾項:A項represents(代表,意味著),B項includes(包括),C項

reveals(揭示,顯示),均不符合原文語義和邏輯關系。

(20).[A20]

A.humble

B.poorV

C.practical

D.easy

邏輯關系題。so提示因果關系:Plantscan'trunaway-(植物不能逃

離...)為因,investingenergyinabodysystemwhich19athreatand

canfeelpainwouldbeavery20evolutionarystrategy(把能量投入到

一個19威脅并能感知疼痛的身體系統(tǒng)將是一種非常20的進化策略)為果。

由此推知,因為(即使植物能感知到疼痛也)不能逃掉,所以把能量投入到一

個能……威脅和感知疼痛的身體系統(tǒng)上,是一種非常20的進化策略,即本句

意在指出:既然不能跑,那么就無須進化到可以感受疼痛。所以,空白處的語

義應為負面的,能體現出進化到能……威脅和感知疼痛是種不夠好的策略。B

項poor(不好的,次的,差的)代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為B

項。

干擾項:A項humble(不大的,沒有特別之處的),C項practical(有用的,

適用的)和D項easy(容易的,輕易的)均不符合原文語義。

二、SectionIIReadingComprehension

2.PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtext

bychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Text1

Peopleoftencomplainthatplasticsaretoodurable.Waterbottles,

shoppingbags,andothertrashlittertheplanet,fromMountEverest

totheMarianaTrench,becauseplasticsareeverywhereanddon't

breakdowneasily.Butsomeplasticmaterialschangeovertime.They

crackandfrizzle.They“weep"outadditives.Theymeltinto

sludge.Allofwhichcreateshugeheadachesforinstitutions,suchas

museums,tryingtopreserveculturallyimportantobjects.Thevariety

ofplasticobjectsatriskisdizzying:earlyradios,avant-garde

sculptures,celluloidanimationstillsfromDisneyfilms,thefirst

artificialheart.

Certainartifactsareespeciallyvulnerablebecausesomepioneersin

plasticartdidn'talwaysknowhowtomixingredientsproperly,says

TheavanOosten,apolymerchemistwho,untilretiringafewyears

ago,workedfordecadesattheCulturalHeritageAgencyofthe

Netherlands."It'slikebakingacake:Ifyoudon'thaveexact

amounts,itgoeswrong,“shesays."Theobjectyoumakeisalready

atimebomb.”

Andsometimes,it'snottheartist?sfault.Inthe1960s,the

ItalianartistPieroGilardibegantocreatehundredsofbright,

colorfulfoampieces.Thosepiecesincludedsmallbedsofrosesand

otheritemsaswellasafewdozennaturecarpets“一large

rectanglesdecoratedwithfoampumpkins,cabbages,andwatermelons.

Hewantedviewerstowalkaroundonthecarpets一whichmeanttheyhad

tobedurable.

Unfortunately,thepolyurethanefoamheusedisinherentlyunstable.

It'sespeciallyvulnerabletolightdamage,andbythemid-1990s,

Gilardi'spumpkins,roses,andotherfiguresweresplittingand

crumbling.Museumslockedsomeofthemawayinthedark.

SovanOostenandhercolleaguesworkedtopreserveGilardi?s

sculptures.Theyinfusedsomewithstabilizingandconsolidating

chemicals.VanOostencallsthosechemicals“sunscreens“because

theirgoalwastopreventfurtherlightdamageandrebuildworn

polymerfibers.Sheisproudthatseveralsculptureshaveevengone

ondisplayagain,albeitsometimesbeneathprotectivecases.

DespitesuccessstorieslikevanOosten's,preservationofplastics

willlikelygetharder.Oldobjectscontinuetodeteriorate.Worse,

biodegradableplastics,designedtodisintegrate,areincreasingly

common.

Andmoreisatstakeherethanindividualobjects.JoanaLia

Ferreira,anassistantprofessorofconservationandrestorationat

theNOVASchoolofScienceandTechnology,notesthatarchaeologists

firstdefinedthegreatmaterialagesofhumanhistory-StoneAge,

IronAge,andsoon-afterexaminingartifactsinmuseums.Wenow

liveinanageofplastic,shesays,“andwhatwedecidetocollect

today,whatwedecidetopreserve…willhaveastrongimpactonhow

inthefuturewe'11beseen.”

(1).AccordingtoParagraph1,museumsarefacedwithdifficulties

in

A.maintainingtheirplasticitemsJ

B.obtainingdurableplasticartifacts

C.handlingoutdatedplasticexhibits

D.classifyingtheirplasticcollections

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞Paragraph1和museumsarefaced

withdifficultiesin定位到第一段⑦句:Allofwhichcreateshuge

headachesforinstitutions,suchasmuseums,tryingtopreserve

culturallyimportantobjects.(所有這些給一些機構帶來了巨大的麻煩,比

如試圖保護具有重要文化意義的物品的博物館)。其中allofwhich指代上文

③至⑥句所提到的塑料材料的種種問題:Butsomeplasticmaterialschange

overtime…meltintosludge.(一些塑料材料隨著時間的推移而改變...

融化成污泥),可見,博物館在維護其塑料藏品方面有困難。A項maintaining

theirplasticitems(維護他們的塑料藏品)是對③至⑦句的概括總結,

maintain對應preserve。所以本題選A。

(2).VanOostenbelievesthatcertainplasticobjectsare.

A.immunetodecay

B.improperlyshaped

C.inherentlyflawedJ

D.complexinstructure

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞VanOostenbelievesthatcertain

plasticobjectsare定位到第二段①句(其中certainplasticobjects對

應Certainartifacts):Certainartifactsareespeciallyvulnerable

becausesomepioneersinplasticartdidn'talwaysknowhowtomix

ingredientsproperly,saysTheavanOosten(TheavanOosten說,某些

手工藝品特別脆弱,因為一些塑料藝術的先驅并不總是知道如何正確地混合原

料)??梢?,某些塑料藝術品在制作過程中就存在原料未能正確混合的問題,

導致塑料藝術品本身就存在缺陷。C項inherentlyflawed(本身存在缺陷)是

對①句的概括總結。所以本題選C。

(3).MuseumsstoppedexhibitingsomeofGilardiJsartworksto

A.keepthemfromhurtingvisitors

B.duplicatethemforfuturedisplay

C.havetheiringredientsanalyzed

D.preventthemfromfurtherdamageJ

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞Museumsstoppedexhibitingsomeof

Gilardi'sartworksto定位到第四段②③句。②句指出It'sespecially

vulnerabletolightdamage,andbythemid-1990s,Gilardi's

pumpkins,roses,andotherfiguresweresplittingandcrumbling(它極

易受到光的損害,到了20世紀90年代中期,Gilardi的南瓜、玫瑰和其他圖

形都在分裂和破碎),③句繼而指出Museumslockedsomeofthemawayin

thedark(博物館把其中一些鎖在黑暗中)??梢姡┪镳^將之封存在黑暗中

是為了避免其遭受更多的光損害。D項preventthemfromfurtherdamage

(避免它們受到進一步的損害)是對②③句的合理推斷。所以本題選D。

(4).Theauthorthinksthatpreservationofplasticsis______.

A.costly

B.unworthy

C.unpopular

D.challengingV

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞preservationofplastics定位到第六

段①句:DespitesuccessstorieslikevanOosten,s,preservationof

plasticswilllikelygetharder(盡管有vanOosten這樣的成功案例,但

塑料的保存可能會變得更加困難)。D項challenging(挑戰(zhàn)性的)是對get

harder的同義替換。所以本題選D。

(5)?InFerreira'sopinion,preservationofplasticartifacts

A.willinspirefuturescientificresearch

B.hasprofoundhistoricalsignificanceV

C.willhelpusseparatethematerialages

D.hasanimpactontoday'sculturallife

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞Ferreira和preservationofplastic

artifacts定位到第七段②③句。②句指出archaeologistsfirstdefined

thegreatmaterialagesofhumanhistory一StoneAge,IronAge,andso

on一afterexaminingartifactsinmuseums(考古學家在檢查了博物館中的

文物后,首先確定了人類歷史上偉大的物質時代一一石器時代、鐵器時代等

等),③句承接②句指出Wenowliveinanageofplastic…"andwhat

wedecidetocollecttoday,whatwedecidetopreserve…willhavea

strongimpactonhowinthefuturewe'11beseen.(我們現在生活在

塑料時代……“我們決定收集什么,我們決定保存什么……將對我們未來的形

象產生重大影響?!保㎡可見,我們對塑料工藝品的保存對于未來定義我們的

時代意義重大。B項hasprofoundhistoricalsignificance(具有深遠的歷

史意義)是對②③句的概括總結。所以本題選B。

3.PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtext

bychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Text2

Asthelatestcropofstudentspentheirundergraduateapplication

formandweighuptheiroptions,itmaybeworthconsideringjusthow

thepoint,purposeandvalueofadegreehaschangedandwhat

GenerationZneedtoconsiderastheystartthethirdstageoftheir

educationaljourney.

Millennialsweretoldthatifyoudidwellinschool,gotadecent

degree,youwouldbesetupforlife.Butthatpromisehasbeenfound

wanting.Asdegreesbecameuniversal,theybecamedevalued.Education

wasnolongerasecurerouteofsocialmobility.Today,28percent

ofgraduatesintheUKareinnon-graduateroles,apercentagewhich

isdoubletheaverageamongOECDcountries.

Thisisnottosaythatthereisnopointingettingadegree,but

ratherstressthatadegreeisnotforeveryone,thattheswitchfrom

classroomtolecturehallisnotaninevitableoneandthatother

optionsareavailable.

Thankfully,therearesignsthatthisisalreadyhappening,with

GenerationZseekingtolearnfromtheirmillennialpredecessors,

evenifparentsandteacherstendtobestillsetinthedegree

mindset.Employershavelongseentheadvantagesofhiringschool

leaverswhooftenprovethemselvestobemorecommittedandloyal

employeesthangraduates.Manytooareseeingtheadvantagesof

scrappingadegreerequirementforcertainroles.

Forthoseforwhomadegreeisthedesiredroute,considerthatthis

maywellbethefirstofmany.Inthisageofgeneralists,itpaysto

havespecificknowledgeorskills.Postgraduatesnowearn40percent

morethangraduates.Whenmoreandmoreofushaveadegree,itmakes

sensetohavetwo.

ItisunlikelythatGenerationZwillbedonewitheducationat18or

21;theywillneedtobeconstantlyup-skillingthroughouttheir

careertostayemployable.Ithasbeenestimatedthatthis

generation,duetothepressuresoftechnology,thewishforpersonal

fulfilmentanddesirefordiversity,willworkfor17different

employersoverthecourseoftheirworkinglifeandhavefive

differentcareers.Education,andnotjustknowledgegainedon

campus,willbeacorepartofGenerationZ'scareertrajectory.

Oldergenerationsoftentalkabouttheirdegreeinthepresentand

personaltense:'Iamageographer?or'Iamaciassist'.Their

sonsordaughterswouldneversaysuchathing;it'sasifthey

alreadyknowthattheirdegreewon'tdefinetheminthesameway.

(1).TheauthorsuggeststhatGenerationZshould______.

A.becarefulinchoosingacollege

B.bediligentateacheducationalstage

C.reassessthenecessityofcollegeeducationV

D.postponetheirundergraduateapplication

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞GenerationZ和should定位到第一段

①句(其中should對應needto):Asthelatestcropofstudentspen

theirundergraduateapplicationformandweighuptheiroptions,it

maybeworthconsideringjusthowthepoint,purposeandvalueofa

degreehaschangedandwhatGenerationZneedtoconsiderasthey

startthethirdstageoftheireducationaljourney(當最新一批學生填

寫本科申請表并權衡他們的選擇時,或許值得思考的是學位的意義、目的和價

值發(fā)生了怎樣的變化,以及Z世代在開啟他們教育旅程的第三階段時需要考慮

什么)。C項reassessthenecessityofcollegeeducation(重新審視大學

教育的必要性)是對①句內容的適度推斷,其中collegeeducation(大學教

育)對應degree(大學學位)。所以本題選C。

(2).ThepercentageofUKgraduatesinnon-graduaterolesreflect

A.MillennialJsopinionsaboutwork

B.theshrinkingvalueofadegreeV

C.publicdiscontentwitheducation

D.thedesiredrouteofsocialmobility

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞ThepercentageofUKgraduates和

non-graduateroles定位到第二段⑤句:Today,28percentofgraduates

intheUKareinnon-graduateroles,apercentagewhichisdoublethe

averageamongOECDcountries(如今,英國有28%的大學畢業(yè)生從事非大學

畢業(yè)生的工作,這一比例是經合組織國家平均水平的兩倍)。本句無法解題,

根據定位句中的數字“28percent"可知,該句為論據,且該句位于段尾,所

以需要往上文尋找論點解題。再找到前文的論點:Asdegreesbecame

universal,theybecamedevalued(隨著大學學位變得普遍,它們也貶值

T)oB項theshrinkingvalueofadegree(大學學位的貶值)是對③句的

同義替換,其中shrinkingvalue對應devalued,degree為原詞復現。所以本

題選Bo

(3).Theauthorconsidersitagoodsignthat.

A.GenerationZareseekingtoearnadecentdegree

B.schoolleaversarewillingtobeskilledworkers

C.employersaretakingarealisticattitudetodegreesV

D.parentsarechangingtheirmindsabouteducation

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞agoodsign定位到第四段①句(其中

good對應原文的Thankfully):Thankfully,therearesignsthatthisis

alreadyhappening(值得慶幸的是,有跡象表明這種情況已經發(fā)生了)。該句

無法解題,需繼續(xù)看下文。結合②句Employershavelongseenthe

advantagesofhiringschoolleaverswhooftenprovethemselvestobe

morecommittedandloyalemployeesthangraduates(雇主早就看到了雇用

中學畢業(yè)生的好處,因為中學畢業(yè)生經常證明他們是比大學畢業(yè)生更盡職、更

忠誠的員工)和③句Manytooareseeingtheadvantagesofscrappinga

degreerequirementforcertainroles(許多雇主也逐漸意識到取消某些崗

位對學位的要求所帶來的好處)可知,雇主對待大學學位的態(tài)度發(fā)生轉變,C

項employersaretakingarealisticattitudetodegrees(雇主對大學學

位采取現實的態(tài)度)是對②句和③句內容的概括總結。所以本題選C。

(4).ItisadvisedinParagraph5thatthosewithonedegreeshould

A.makeanearlydecisionontheircareer

B.attendonthejobtrainingprograms

C.teamupwithhigh-paidpostgraduates

D.furthertheirstudiesinaspecificfieldJ

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞Paragraph5和thosewithone

degree定位到第五段④句:Whenmoreandmoreofushaveadegree,it

makessensetohavetwo(當我們中越來越多的人擁有學位時,擁有兩個學位

是明智的),結合②句itpaystohavespecificknowledgeorskills(擁

有特定的知識或技能是值得的)可知,作者建議有一個學位的人在特定領域繼

續(xù)進修深造。D項furthertheirstudiesinaspecificfield(在特定領域

繼續(xù)進修深造)是對②句和④句的概括總結。所以本題選D。

(5).WhatcanbeconcludedaboutGenerationZfromthelasttwo

paragraphs?

A.Lifelonglearningwilldefinethem.J

B.Theywillmakequalifiededucators.

C.Degreeswillnolongerappealthem.

D.Theywillhavealimitedchoiceofjobs.

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞GenerationZ和thelasttwo

paragraph定位到第六段①句:theywillneedtobeconstantlyup-

skillingthroughouttheircareertostayemployable(他們需要在整個職

業(yè)生涯中不斷提升技能,以保持就業(yè)能力),結合③句Education,andnot

justknowledgegainedoncampus,willbeacorepartofGeneration

Vscareertrajectory(教育以及不僅僅是在校園里獲得的知識,將成為Z

世代職業(yè)軌跡的核心部分)可知,Z世代將終身學習。A項Lifelonglearning

willdefinethem(終身學習將是他們的特征)是對①句和③句的概括總結。

所以本題選A。

4.PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtext

bychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Text3

Enlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.Theseweresomeofthe

wordsthatNaturereadersusedtodescribetheirexperienceofart-

sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticlesonpartnerships

betweenartistsandresearchers.Nearly40%oftheroughly350people

whorespondedtoanaccompanyingpollsaidtheyhadcollaboratedwith

artists;andalmostallsaidtheywouldconsiderdoingsoinfuture.

Suchanencouragingresultisnotsurprising.Scientistsare

increasinglyseekingoutvisualartiststohelpthemcommunicate

theirworktonewaudiences."Artistshelpscientistsreacha

broaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhance

learning."Onerespondentsaid.

Oneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthe

sensescamelastmonthwhentheSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformeda

reworkedversionofAntonioVivaldiJsTheFourSeasons.They

reimaginedthe300-year-oldscorebyinjectingthelatestclimate

predictiondataforeachseason一providedbyMonashUniversity,s

ClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.Theperformancewasa

creativecalltoactionaheadofNovember?sUnitedNationsClimate

ChangeConferenceinGlasgow,UK.

Butagenuinepartnershipmustbeatwo-waystreet.Fewerartists

thanscientistsrespondedtotheNaturepoll;however,several

respondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientistswith

theircommunicationrequirements.Norshouldtheirworkbeconsidered

onlyasanobjectofstudy.Thealliancesaremostvaluablewhen

scientistsandartistshaveasharedstakeinaproject,areableto

jointlydesignitandcancritiqueeachother,swork.Suchan

approachcanbothpromptnewresearchaswellasresultinpowerful

art.

Morethanhalfacenturyago,theMassachusettsInstituteof

TechnologyopeneditsCenterforAdvancedVisualStudies(CAVS)to

exploretheroleoftechnologyinculture.Thefoundersdeliberately

focusedtheirprojectsaroundlight

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