2022年全國(guó)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解模擬試題匯編湖北省武漢市

2022年全國(guó)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題匯編(湖北省武漢市)AWhenIwasveryyoung,peopleinourvillagelivedbyplantingfruittrees.Mygrandmotheralwaystookmetotheorchard（果園)onthehill.Atthattime,theyhadtocarrywaterfromtheriveratthefootofthehilltohalfwayupthehill.Eventhoughweworkedsohard,theproductionleveloffruitwasstilllowbecauseitwasshortofwaterthere.Oneday,twoyoungmenledagroupofworkerstoourvillage.Theylearnedaboutthedifficultieswefaced,andlater,canalsandotherprojectsbegantobebuiltinmyvillage,"Whoarethey？"Iasked."Theyaregoodmenfromourgovernment,"mygrandmareplied.Shortlyafterwards,Imovedtoanothercityformyjuniorhighschool.TheonlyreasonIevercamebacktomyhometownwasmygrandmother.Oneday,myfamilyandImadetimetoreturn.Weweresurprisedbecauseeverythinghadchanged.Thecanalranpasteveryorchardsovillagersdidn'thavetogoupanddownthehillanymore.Theriverwasnowsocleanthatfishswamhappilyinit.Whenwearrivedhome,mygrandmatookoutsomefreshpearsandapples.Shetoldusthatafterthewaterconservationproject（水利工程)wascompletedapolicy(政策)wasmadetoencouragemorepeopletoincreasethefruitproductionwithcleanwaterintheriver.Thankthosegoodmenwhohavedevotedthemselvestothedevelopmentofourcountryside.Nowadays,peopleworkhardtoliveinabigcity,However,weshouldnotforgetourhometownswherewearefrom.(1)Whattroubledthevillagersmostwasthat______.A.theyhadtoomuchworkB.itwasnotconvenienttogoupthehillC.theycouldonlygrowfruittreesD.therewasn'tenoughwaterintheorchard(2)Thegoodmencameandofferedhelpprobablybecauseof______.A.thevillagers'suggestionsB.thegovernment'ssupportC.aschool'spracticalactivityD.acompany'sengineeringplan(3)Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.thegrandmotherdoesn'tliketoliveinthecityB.thevillageisaplaceofinterestfortouristsnowC.therewillbemorefruitproductioninthevillageD.morepeopleliketoworkinthecountrysidenowadays(4)Theunderlinedphrasedevotedthemselvestoisclosestinmeaningto______.A.preparedmuchforB.donatedmoneytoC.drawnpublicattentiontoD.putmucheffortinto(5)Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.Howisavillageimproved？B.Whoarethegoodmen？C.Whydopeoplecomeback？D.Whatdoesahometownmean？B(1)TheappMemoryHelper______.A.isusedworldwideB.isdesignedfortheoldC.helpsdealwithdementiaD.connectspeople'sbrains(2)WherewastheideaofcreatingMemoryHelperfrom？A.Theillnessofawoman.B.Theadviceofsomestudents.C.Ascientificproblem.D.Aninternationalcompetition.(3)ThesmallprogramMemoryGameinthephotoisprobablyto______.A.killtimeB.practicethebrainC.storememoriesD.findbacklostthings(4)Fromthematerialabove,wecanknowthat______.A.thephotowasprovidedbyLauraB.TechnovationKidstookplaceinIrelandonJune21C.WuhanDailyreportedthenewsbeforeMarsTimesD.thenewsMemoryHelpercomesfromTECH&LIFEsection(5)Thepassagemainlytellsus______.A.internationalcompetitionsareimportantB.ateacherhelpedthreekidswinthefinalC.threeteenagershavemadesomethingusefulD.everyonecanrealizetheirtechnologydreamCThinkofsomebodyyoureallyadmire.Youwillprobablyfindthattheirsuccessdidn'tcomeeasily.As"FatherofHybridRice（雜交水稻）"，YuanLongpinggotovergreatdifficultiesandspenthiswholelifeworkingtoreduceworldhungerandhelpingtofeedthecountrywiththelargestpopulation.WuMengchao,the"FatherofChineseHepatobiliarySurgery（肝膽外科）",focusedonsavingpeople'slivesfornearlyeightyyears.Heperformedmorethan16,000operationsduringhislife.Holdingthesurgeon'sknifeforsuchalongtimedeformedhisfingers.Wuoncesaid,"ItwouldmygreatesthappinessifIcouldworkattheoperatingtableuntilmydyingday."In1969,inordertosolvetheproblemoftreatingmalaria(瘧疾),TuYouyou,pharmacologist(藥學(xué)家)tookonthejobasheadofaresearchteam.Sheandherteammatesperformeddifferentkindsofexperiments.However,theresultsweredisappointing.Insteadofgivingup,theykepttrying.Finally,in1972,theymadeit!In2022,attheageof85，shereceivedNobelPrize.ThomasEdison,theinventorofthelightbulbbelievedthateveryfailurewasasteptowardssuccess.Heoncesaid,"IfIfind10,000wayssomethingwon'twork,Ihaven'tfailed.Iamnotdiscouraged,becauseeverywrongtryisanotherstepforward.Sometimes,theirsuccesswasasurprise,eventothemselves.ThefamousscientistAlexanderFlemingsaid,"WhenIwokeupjustafterdaybreakon28thSeptember,1928,Icertainlydidn'tplantorevolutionize(變革)allmedicinebydiscoveringtheworld's'firstantibiotic(抗生素).ButIguessthatwasexactlywhatIdid.Somepeopleonlybecamesuccessfulaftertheirdeaths.NotlikePabloPicassowhobecamefamousandveryrichduringhislifetime,theartistVincentVanGoghonlysoldonepaintingallthroughhislifeandthatwastoafriend.Buthekeptpaintingandhepaintedmorethan2,000artworksinthefollowingtenyears.Nowhispaintingsareverypopularandtheysellformillionsofpounds.Onethingallthesepeoplehaveincommonisstickingtotheirgoalsnomatterwhat.(1)WhatdoYuanLongpingandWuMengchaohaveincommon？A.Theysucceededinsolvingworldproblems.B.Theyspentalltheirlivesservingpeople.C.Theyachievedalotinthemedicalfield.D.Theyarerememberedfortheirhappiness.(2)Theunderlinedphrasedeformedhisfingerscouldbereplacedby_____.A.changedtheshapeofhisfingersB.madehimfeeldownC.gavehimtoomuchpressureD.gothisfingerscutoff(3)Itisclearthat______.A.PabloPicassobecamefamousafterhisdeathB.VincentVanGoghpainted2,001artworksinhislifeC.ittookTuYouyou'steamabout3yearstoreachtheirgoalD.ThomasEdisontried10.000waysbeforeheinventedthelightbulb(4)WhenAlexanderFlemingdiscoveredthefirstantibiotic,he______.A.felttootiredtostayawakeB.didn'tplantostudyallmedicineC.knewexactlywhathissuccessmeantD.didn'tfullyrealizeitsimportance(5)Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellus？A.Noteveryonecanbesuccessful.B.Themoredifficulties,thebetter.C.Greatachievementsaren'tmadenaturally.D.Greathopesmakegreatmen.答案和解析A.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】D【小題5】A【解析】(1)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Eventhoughweworkedsohard,theproductionleveloffruitwasstilllowbecauseitwasshortofwaterthere"可知，水果的生產(chǎn)水平仍然很低，因?yàn)槟抢锶彼?。故選D。（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Theyaregoodmenfromourgovernment"可知，因?yàn)檎闹С?，好人?lái)提供幫助，故選B。(3)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"apolicy（政策）wasmadetoencouragemorepeopletoincreasethefruitproductionwithcleanwaterintheriver"可知，政策鼓勵(lì)更多的人增加水果產(chǎn)量。故選C。(4)D.詞義猜測(cè)題。分析"Thankthosegoodmenwhohavedevotedthemselvestothedevelopmentofourcountryside"可知，感謝那些為我們的農(nóng)村發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)的好人們，此處"devotedthemselvesto"的意思是"付出努力，做出貢獻(xiàn)"，故選D。(5)A.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文向我們紹了作者家鄉(xiāng)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的變化，多虧水利工程和政府扶持政策，讓作者的村里得到了很大的發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)A"一個(gè)村莊是如何改善的？"符合主題，故選A。本文向我們介紹了作者家鄉(xiāng)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的變化，多虧水利工程和政府扶持政策，讓作者的村里得到了很大的發(fā)展。做題時(shí)要在理解好文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，與題目有機(jī)的結(jié)合，從文中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)性的句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)對(duì)比，可采用排除法做題。B.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】D【小題5】C【解析】(1)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)developedthissupportapp（應(yīng)用軟件)forpeoplewithdementia（癡呆）.可知為癡呆癥患者開(kāi)發(fā)了這個(gè)支持應(yīng)用軟件。故選C.(2)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theinspirationfortheirprojectcamefromtheirteacher'smother,whohaddementiaanddiedearlierthisyear.可知他們項(xiàng)目的靈感來(lái)自老師的母親，她患有癡呆癥，今年早些時(shí)候去世。故選A.(3)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Theappsolvessomecommonproblemsconnectedwithdementialikeloss（失去）ofmemory.可知這款應(yīng)用解決了一些與失去記憶等癡呆癥患者相關(guān)的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題。故選C.(4)D.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)AtalentedyoungteamfromIreland,thecreatorsofMemoryHelper,developedthissupportapp（應(yīng)用軟件）forpeoplewithdementia（癡呆）.可知本文主要講述了一個(gè)來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭的年輕天才團(tuán)隊(duì)，MemoryHelper的創(chuàng)造者，為癡呆癥患者開(kāi)發(fā)了這個(gè)支持應(yīng)用軟件。因此可知記憶助手這條新聞來(lái)自技術(shù)與生活部分。故選D.(5)C.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)AtalentedyoungteamfromIreland,thecreatorsofMemoryHelper,developedthissupportapp（應(yīng)用軟件）forpeoplewithdementia（癡呆）.一個(gè)來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭的年輕天才團(tuán)隊(duì)，MemoryHelper的創(chuàng)造者，為癡呆癥患者開(kāi)發(fā)了這個(gè)支持應(yīng)用軟件。以及Lastyear,Laurs,AaronandVickyputtheirheadstogetherforTechnovationKids（TK），aninternationalcompetitionthatencouragesteenagerstocreateanappthatsolvesacommunityproblem.去年，Laurs、Aaron和Vicky為T(mén)echnovationKids（TK）集思廣益，這是一項(xiàng)鼓勵(lì)青少年開(kāi)發(fā)解決社區(qū)問(wèn)題的應(yīng)用程序的國(guó)際競(jìng)賽?？芍疚闹饕榻B了Laurs、Aaron和Vicky為T(mén)echnovationKids制作了一個(gè)對(duì)癡呆癥很有用的應(yīng)用。故選C.本文主要講述了一個(gè)來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭的年輕天才團(tuán)隊(duì)，MemoryHelper的創(chuàng)造者，為癡呆癥患者開(kāi)發(fā)了這個(gè)支持應(yīng)用軟件。首先要通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語(yǔ)境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結(jié)合排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對(duì)答案。C.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】D【小題5】C【解析】(1)B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"YuanLongpinggotovergreatdif