2023年自考專業(yè)英語英語閱讀一考前沖刺試卷1

自考專業(yè)(英語)英語閱讀（一）考前沖刺試卷1

一、CAREFULREADING

1、SometimeagoIdiscoveredthatoneofthechairsinmyfronthallhadabrokenleg.Ididntforeseeanygreatdifficultyingettingitmended,asthereareawholelotofantiqueshopsinthePimlicoRoadwhichisthreeminuteswalkfrommyflat,soIsetforthonemorningcarryingthechairwithme,Iwentintothefirstshopconfidently,expectingafriendlyreception,withakindlymansaying,Whatacharmingchair,yes,thatsquiteasimplejob,whenwouldyouwantitback?Iwasquitewrong.ThemanIapproachedwouldntlookatit.Iwasnttooconcerned;afterall,itwasonlythefirsttryandthereweremanymoreshopsonbothsidesoftheroad.Thereactionatthesecondshop,thoughslightlypoliter,wasjustthesame,andatthethirdandthefourthsoIdecidedthatmyapproachmustbewrong.

IenteredthefifthshopwithsomeconfidencebecauseIhadconcoctedaplan.Iplacedthechairgentlyonthefloorsoasnottodisturbthedamagedlegandsaid,Wouldyouliketobuyachair?Theratherfierceproprietorlookeditovercarefullyandsaid,Yes,notabadlittlechair,howmuchdoyouwantforit?￡20,Isaid.OK,hesaid,T11giveyou￡20.Itsgotaslightlybrokenleg,Isaid.Yes,Isawthat,itsnothing,dontworryaboutit.EverythingwasgoingaccordingtoplanandIwasgettingexcited.Whatwillyoudowithit?Iasked.Oh,itwillbeverysaleableoncetherepairisdone.Ilikethebitofoldgreenvelvetonthetop.Ishallleavethat,yes,verysaleable.Illbuyit,Isaid.Whatdoyoumean?Youvejustsoldittome,hesaid.Yes;IknowbutIvechangedmymind;asamatteroffactitisjustwhatImlookingfor.Ivegotapairtoitathome.Illgiveyou27quidforit.Youmustbecrazy,hesaid;thensuddenlythepennydroppedandhesmiledandsaid,Iknowwhatyouwant,youwantmetomendyourchair.Youreplumbright,Isaid.AndwhatwouldyouhavedoneifIhadwalkedinandsaidWouldyoumendthischairforme?Iwouldnthavedoneit,hesaid,wedontdorepairs,notenoughmoneyinit,butIllmendthisforyou.Shallwesayafiver?Hewasaverynicemanandthoughtthewholeepisoderatherfunny.Howdidthewritergototheantiqueshops?()

A.Bybus.

B.Onfoot.

C.Bycar.

D.Bylike.

2、Thewriterthoughtthefirstshopownerwas______.()

A．rude

B．kind

C．polite

D．friendly

3、Thewriterenteredthefifthshopwithsomeconfidencebecausehe______()

A．knewtheowneroftheshop

B．hadexpectedtheownertobeevenpoliter

C．wenttotheothersideofthestreet

D．hadthoughtofaplan

4、Whichofthefollowingistrue?()

A．Thewriterhadanotherchairlikethebrokenone.

B．Thewriterhadtwomorechairslikethebrokenone.

C．Thewriterwaslookingforanotherchairlikethebrokenone.

D．Thewriterwantedtosellanotherchairlikethebrokenone.

5、Thefifthowneragreedtorepairthebrokenchairbecause______.()

A．thewriterhadpaidhimthemoney

B．thewriterhadshownhimthemoney

C．thewriter'sapproachhadamusedhim

D．thewriter'schairwaseasytorepair

6、Somebodyoughttodefendtheworkaholic.Thesepeopleareunjustlyaccused,abused,anddefamed,oftentermedsickormorbid(病態(tài)的).

OnethirdofAmericanbusinessandcommerceiscarriedontheshouldersofworkaholics.Theratiomightexistinartandsciencetoo.Workaholicsareachievers.Thereisanationalconspiracyagainstexcellenceundueadmirationofcommonnessandmediocrity(平凡).Itisasthoughweareagainstthosewhomakeuncommonsacrificesbecausetheyenjoydoingsomething.Somepopularpsychologistssaythattheworkaholichasaninferioritycomplexwhichleadstoovercompensation.Thisiscertainlynotthecase.Inferiority,orlowesteem,describeslazinessmoreaccuratelythanitdescribesdedication.

Wedonotseemtorealizethatverylittleexcellenceisachievedbylivingawell-balancedlife.Edison,Ford,Einstein,Freudallhadsingle-mindeddevotiontoworkwherebytheysacrificedmanythings,includingfamilyandfriendship.Theaccusationismadethatworkaholicsbearguiltbynotbeinggoodparentsorspouses.Butguiltcanexistinthebalancedlifealso.Considerhowmanynormalpeoplefind,atmiddleage,thattheyhaveneverdoneanythingwelltheyaregoingtosettleforlessthanwhattheycouldhavebecome.Fromthispassageweknowthatworkaholicisatermreferringtothose______.()

A.whoenjoyworkmorethananythingelse

B.whomakegreatercontributionsthanothers

C.whomakeuncommonsacrificesintheirpersonallife

D.alloftheabove

7、Theauthor'smainconcerninthispassageisto______()

A．pointouttheroletheworkaholicplaysintheAmericaneconomy

B．defendpeoplewhoareaddictedtowork

C．encourageusnottoworryaboutourimperfection

D．considerthedifficultiesthatconfrontusatmiddleage

8、Theauthorofthepassagewouldmostlikelyagreethattheworkaholic______.()

A．ismentallyill

B．performsaninsignificantproportionofAmericanbusiness

C．willnothavetheregretsthatmany"normal"peoplefaceatmiddleage

D．suffersfromlowselfesteem

9、Accordingtothispassage,______.()

A．P'reudledawellbalancedlife

B．generallyspeaking,workaholicscanbehelped

C．workaholicsshouldbeadmired

D．socalled"normal"peoplearetrulythesickpeopleamongus

10、Accordingtotheauthor,onecanhardlyachieveexcellenceunlessone______.()

A．livesanabnormallife

B．sacrificesfriendshipandfamily

C．hadtotaldevotiontowork

D．ignorespopularopinions

11、Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitonesmistakes.ItisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglikeIwaswrongaboutthat,anditisevenhardertosay,Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat.

Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteenyearsago.HetoldmehehadbeenthemanagerofacertaingrocerystoreintheneighborhoodwhereIgrewup,andheaskedmeifIrememberedtheeggcartons.ThenherelatedanincidentandIbegantoremembervaguelytheincidenthewasdescribing.

Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime,andIhadgoneintothestorewithmymothertodotheweeklygroceryshopping.Onthatparticularday,Imusthavefoundmywaytothedairyfooddepartmentwheretheincidenttookplace.Theremusthavebeenaspecialsaleoneggsthatdaybecausetherewasanimpressivedisplayofeggsindozenandhalfdozencartons.Thecartonswerestackedthreeorfourfeethigh.Imusthavestoppedinfrontofadisplaytoadmirethestacks.Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.Forsomereason,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,soIwenttowork.

Themanagerheardthenoiseandcamerushingovertoseewhathadhappened.Whenheappeared,Iwasonmykneesinspectingsomeofthecartonstoseeifanyoftheeggswerebroken,buttohimitlookedasthoughIweretheculprit.Heseverelyreprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforthebrokeneggs.Iprotestedmyinnocenceandtriedtoexplain,butitdidnogood.EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.Howoldwastheauthorwhenhewrotethisarticle?()

A.About8.

B.About15.

C.About18.

D.About23.

12、Thestacksofcartonswereactuallyknockedoffby______.()

A．theauthor

B．themanager

C．a(chǎn)womancustomer

D．theauthor'smother

13、Whenthemanagercame,theauthorwas______.()

A．inspectingtheeggs

B．puttingthecartonsback

C．payingforthebrokeneggs

D．pushingthecartforthewoman

14、Theword"culprit"(Para.4)maybereplacedby______()

A．fool

B．clown

C．thief

D．wrongdoer

15、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsadmittingone'smistakesisbasically______.()

A．ironic

B．critical

C．indifferent

D．a(chǎn)ppreciative

16、Publicrelationsismanagementfunctionthatcreates,develops,andcarriesoutpoliciesandprogramstoinfluencepublicopinionorpublicreactionaboutanidea,aproduct,oranorganization.Thefieldofpublicrelationshasbecomeanimportantpartoftheeconomic,socialandpoliticalpatternoflifeinmanynations.Thatfieldincludesadvertising,promotionalactivities,andpresscontact.Publicrelationsalsoexistsatthesametimeinbusinesswithmarketingandmerchandisingtocreatetheclimateinwhichallsellingfunctionsoccur.

Publicrelationsactivitiesinthemodernworldhelpinstitutionstocopesuccessfullywithmanyproblems,tobuildprestigeforanindividualoragroup,topromoteproducts,andtowinelections.Themajorityofpublicrelationsworkersarestaffemployeesworkingwithinacorporateorinstitutionalframework.Othersoperateinpublicrelationscounselingfirms.

Inindustry,publicrelationspersonnelkeepmanagementinformedofchangesintheopinionsofvariouspublics(thatis,thegroupsofpeoplewhosesupportisneeded):employees,stockholders,customers,suppliers,dealers,thecommunity,andgovernment.Theseprofessionalscounselmanagementastotheimpactofanyactionorlackofactiononthebehavior.ofthetargetaudiences.Onceanorganizationaldecisionhasbeenmade,thepublicrelationspersonhasthetaskofcommunicatingthisinformationtothepublicusingmethodsthatpromoteunderstandingconsentanddesiredbehavior.Forexample,ahospitalmerger,anindustrialplantclosing,ortheintroductionofanewproductallrequirepublicrelationsplanningandskill.

Publicrelationsactivitiesareamajorpartofthepoliticalprocessinmanynations.Politiciansseekingoffice,governmentagenciesseekingacceptanceandcooperation,officialsseekingsupportfortheirpolicies,andforeigngovernmentsseekingaidandalliesabroadallmakeextensiveuseofcounselingservicesprovidedbypublicrelationsspecialists.

Publicrelationsalsoplaysanimportantroleintheentertainmentindustry.Thetheaters,motionpictures,sports,restaurantsandindividualsallusepublicrelationsservicestoincreasetheirbusinessoraddtotheirimage.Otherpublicrelationsclientsareeducational,socialservice,andcharitableinstitutions,tradeunion,religiousgroups,andprofessionalsocieties.

Thesuccessfulpublicrelationspractitionerisaspecialistincommunicationartsandpersuasion.Specializedskillsarerequiredtohandlepublicopinionresearch,mediarelations,directmailactivities,institutionaladvertising,publications,filmandvideoproduction,andspecialevents.Publicrelationsservicesaresofarvirtuallyunusedinmanydevelopingnations,buttheyarelikelytobeafuturegovernmentconcern.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthormainlytellsus______()

A.themethodsofpublicrelations

B.theactivitiesofpublicrelations

C.thefunctionsofpublicrelations

D.thedefinitionofpublicrelations

17、Accordingtothepassage,whatwouldapublicrelationspersonprobablydoafteradecisionismadeinindustry?()

A．Givesomesuggestionstothedecision-maker.

B．Conveytheinformationconcerningthedecisiontothepublic.

C．Organizepressconferencestopublicizethedecision.

D．Goabouttheintroductionofanewproduct.

18、Allofthefollowingarestatedinthepassageexceptthat______.()

A．a(chǎn)llfunctionsareinvolvedintheworkofapublicrelationspractitioner

B．thepublicrelationsactivitiesplayaveryimportantroleinpoliticallife

C．theentertainmentworldattachesgreatimportancetopublicrelationsactivities

D．thefieldofpublicrelationsmaycoverpromotionalactivitiesandpressconference

19、Inwhichofthefollowingparagraphscanwedrawaconclusionthatpublicrelationsservicesareonlypopularinadvancedcountries?()

A．Second.

B．Third.

C．Fourth.

D．Sixth.

20、Basedontheinformationfromthepassage,whichofthefollowingpeopledoyouthinkcanbenefitmostfrompublicrelationsservices?()

A．Stockholdersandbankers.

B．Governmentofficialsatalllevels.

C．Manufacturersofallkinds.

D．Scholars.

二、SPEEDREADING

1、LauraHouseremembersthedaywithembarrassment.MomandIwereonourwayhomeafterdinnerwhenwestoppedatanintersection,shesays.Whenthelightchanged,theguyaheadofuswaslookingatamapofsomethinganddidntmoverightaway.Ileanedonmyhornandautomaticallyyelled.IdidnteventhinkaboutwhatIwasdoing.Momsjawjustdropped.Shesaid,Well,Iguessyouvebeenlivinginthecitytoolong.ThatswhenIrealizedthatmyangerwasoutofcontrol.

AccordingtoCarolTavris,authorofAnger:TheMisunderstoodEmotion,thekeystodealingwithangerarecommonsenseandpatience.Shepointsoutthatalmostnosituationisimprovedbyanangryoutburst.Shouting,fuming,orleaningonthecarhornwontmaketrafficbegintoflow,makethescreenunlockormakekeysappear.Patience,ontheotherhand,isahighlypracticalvirtue.Peoplewhotakethetimetocooldownbeforerespondingtoanangerproducingsituationarefarlesslikelytosayordosomethingtheywillregretlater.

AngermanagementtherapistDorisWildeagrees.Likeanyfeeling,angerlastsonlyaboutthreeseconds,shesays.Whatkeepsitgoingisyourownnegativethinking.Aslongasyoufocusontheidiotwhocutyouoffontheexpressway,youllstayangry.Butifyoulettheincidentgo,yourangerwillgowithit.Onceyoucometounderstandthatyouredrivingyourownangerwithyourthoughts,addsWilde,youcanstopit.

Expertswhohavestudiedangeralsoencouragepeopletocultivateactivitiesthateffectivelyreleasetheiranger.Forsomepeople,itsreadingnewspapersorwatchingTV,whileothersneedmoreactiveoutlets(發(fā)泄渠道),suchastakingawalk,hittinggolfballs,orworkingoutwithapunchingbag.Peoplewhosucceedincalmingtheirangeralsoenjoythesatisfactionofhavingdealtpositivelywiththeirfrustrations.ForLauraHouse,herexperienceinthecarwithhermotherwasawake-upcall.Once1sawwhatIwasdoing,itreallywasntthathardtodevelopdifferenthabits.IsimplydecidedIwasgoingtotreatotherpeoplethewayIwouldwanttobetreated.Imacalmer,happierpersonnow,shereports.Thewriterbeginsthepassageby______.()

A.givinganexample

B.makingacomparison

C.lookingintocauses

D.quotingafamousperson

2、AccordingtoCarolTavris,angercanbehandledeffectively______.()

A．byremainingsilent

B．bylisteningtomusic

C．throughgamesandexercises

D．throughcommonsenseandpatience

3、DorisWildebelievesthatpeoplestayangry______.()

A．whentrafficontheexpresswayisheavy

B．whenanger-causingincidentsareserious

C．becauseittakestimeforthemtocalmdown

D．becausetheyfailtolookatthingspositively

4、Thesentence"ifyoulettheincidentgo,yourangerwillgowithit"(para.3)tellsusthat______.()

A．a(chǎn)ngerdependsonhowseriousthesituationis

B．peoplegetcarriedawaybyunpleasantincidents

C．a(chǎn)ngerdisappearswhenpeopleignoretheincident

D．peoplewon'tbeangrywithoutangercausingincidents

5、Thepassagemainlydealswith______.()

A．typesofanger

B．effectsofanger

C．causesofanger

D．managementofanger

6、Wecanseehowtheproductlifecycleworksbylookingattheintroductionofinstantcoffee.Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnotlikeitaswellas"regular"coffee,andittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance(introductionstage).Atonepoint,though,instantcoffeegrewrapidlyinpopularity,andmanybrandswereintroduced(stageofrapidgrowth).Afterawhile,peoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveledoff(stageofmaturity).Saleswentintoaslightdeclinewhenfreeze-driedcoffeeswereintroduced(stageofdecline).Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:differentstagesintheproductlifecyclecallfordif