考研英語閱讀理解

WORD（可編輯版本）———考研英語閱讀理解鳥欲高飛先振翅，人求上進先讀書。學(xué)習(xí)英語，需要把陌生的單詞片語和句型語法不斷的熟悉和熟練，使之成為我們的一種習(xí)慣。重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)，熟練熟練再熟練，是學(xué)會英語的不二法門。下面是我給大家整理的一些考研英語閱讀理解的學(xué)習(xí)資料，希望對大家有所援助。

考研英語閱讀模擬試題

Inthelasthalfofthenineteenthcenturycapitalandlaborwereenlargingandperfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonmodernlines.Manyanoldfirmwasreplacedbyalimitedliabilitypanywithabureaucracyofsalariedmanagers.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsomonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.Itwasmoreoverastepawayfromindividualinitiative,towardscollectivismandmunicipalandstate-ownedbusiness.Therailwaypanies,thoughstillprivatebusinessmanagedforthebenefitofshareholders,wereveryunlikeoldfamilybusiness.Atthesametimethegreatmunicipalitieswentintobusinesstosupplylighting,tramsandotherservicestothetaxpayers.

Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitypanyandmunicipalbusinesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners;andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.Allthroughthenineteenthcentury,America,Africa,India,AustraliaandpartsofEuropewerebeingdevelopedbyBritishcapital,andBritishshareholderswerethusenrichedbytheworldsmovementtowardsindustrialization.TownslikeBournemouthandEastBournespranguptohouselargefortableclasseswhohadretiredontheirines,andwhohadnorelationtotherestofthemunityexceptthatofdrawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholdersmeetingtodictatetheirorderstothemanagement.OntheotherhandShareholdingmeantleisureandfreedomwhichwasusedbymanyofthelaterVictoriansforthehighestpurposeofagreatcivilization.

Theshareholdersassuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythepanyinwhichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlabourwasnotgood.Thepaidmanageractingforthepanywasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.Indeedthemeresizeofoperationsandthenumbersofworkmeninvolvedrenderedsuchpersonalrelationsimpossible.Fortunately,however,theincreasingpowerandorganisationofthetradeunions,atleastinallskilledtrades,enabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthemanagersofthepanieswhoemployedthem.Thecrueldisciplineofthestrikeandlockouttaughtthetwopartiestorespecteachothersstrengthandunderstandthevalueoffairnegotiation.

1.Itstrueoftheoldfamilyfirmsthat________.

(A)theywerespoiledbytheyoungergenerations

(B)theyfailedforlackofindividualinitiative

(C)theylackedefficiencyparedwithmodernpanies

(D)theycouldsupplyadequateservicestothetaxpayers

2.Thegrowthoflimitedliabilitypaniesresultedin________.

(A)theseparationofcapitalfrommanagement

(B)theownershipofcapitalbymanagers

(C)theemergenceofcapitalandlabourastwoclasses

(D)theparticipationofshareholdersinmunicipalbusiness

3.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueexceptthat________.

(A)theshareholderswereunawareoftheneedsoftheworkers

(B)theoldfirmownershadabetterunderstandingoftheirworkers

(C)thelimitedliabilitypaniesweretoolargetorunsmoothly

(D)thetradeunionsseemedtoplayapositiverole

4.Theauthorismostcriticalof________.

(A)familyfirmowners(B)landowners

(C)managers(D)shareholders

考研英語閱讀模擬題

At18，AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury.Bornwithanextremelyrareandusuallyfataldisorderthatleftherwithoutafunctioningimmunesystem(the“bubble-boydisease，”namedafteranearliervictimwhowaskeptaliveforyearsinasterileplastictent)，shewastreatedbeginningin1990witharevolutionarynewtherapythatsoughttocorrectthedefectatitsverysource，inthegenesofherwhitebloodcells.Itworked.Althoughherlastgene-therapytreatmentwasin1992，sheispletelyhealthywithnormalimmunefunction，accordingtooneofthedoctorswhotreatedher，W.FrenchAndersonoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore.“Therewillbeagene-basedtreatmentforessentiallyeverydisease，”Andersonsays，“within50years.”

ItsnotentirelyclearwhymedicinehasbeensoslowtobuildonAndersonsearlysuccess.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudgetofficeestimatesitwillspend$432millionongene-therapyresearchin2005，andthereisnoshortageofpromisingleads.Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdontcausehumandisease.“ThevirusissortoflikeaTrojanhorse，”saysRonaldCrystalofNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCollege.“Thecargoisthegene.”

AttheUniversityofPennsylvaniasAbramsonCancerCenter，immunologistCarlJunerecentlytreatedHIVpatientswithageneintendedtohelptheircellsresisttheinfection.AtCornellUniversity，researchersarepursuinggene-basedtherapiesforParkinsonsdiseaseandararehereditarydisorderthatdestroyschildrensbraincells.AtStanfordUniversityandtheChildrensHospitalofPhiladelphia，researchersaretryingtofigureouthowtohelppatientswithhemophiliawhotodaymustinjectthemselveswithexpensiveclottingdrugsforlife.Animalexperimentshaveshowngreatpromise.

Butsomehow，thingsgetlostinthetranslationfromlaboratorytopatient.Inhumantrialsofthehemophiliatreatment，patientsshowaresponseatfirst，butitfadesovertime.Andthefieldhasstillnotrecoveredfromthesetbackitsufferedin1999，whenJesseGelsinger，an18-year-oldwithararemetabolicdisorder，diedafterreceivinganexperimentalgenetherapyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge.Thissummer，researchersattheSalkInstituteinSanDiegosaidtheyhadcreateda“marathonmouse”byimplantingagenethatenhancesrunningability;already，officialsattheWorldAnti-DopingAgencyarepreparingtotestathletesforsignsof“genedoping.”Buttheprincipleisthesame，whetheryouretryingtohelpahealthyrunnerrunfasterorallowamuscular-dystrophypatienttowalk.“Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea，”saysCrystal.“Andeventuallyitsgoingtowork.”

1.ThecaseofAshanthiDesilvaismentionedinthetextto____________.

Ashowthepromiseofgene-therapy

Bgiveanexampleofmoderntreatmentforfataldiseases

CintroducetheachievementofAndersonandhisteam

Dexplainhowgene-basedtreatmentworks

2.Anderson‘searlysuccesshas________________.

Agreatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine

Bbroughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy

Cpromisedacuretoeverydisease

Dmadehimanationalhero

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

AAshanthineedstoreceivegene-therapytreatmentconstantly.

BDespitethehugefunding，generesearcheshaveshownfewpromises.

CTherapeuticgenesarecarriedbyharmlessviruses.

DGene-dopingisencouragedbyworldagenciestohelpathletesgetbetterscores.

4.Theword“tarnish”(line5，paragraph4)mostprobablymeans____________.

Aaffect

Bwarn

Ctrouble

Dstain

5.Fromthetextwecanseethattheauthorseems___________.

Aoptimistic

Bpessimistic

Ctroubled

Duncertain

答案：ABCDA

考研英語閱讀理解精讀

SomeoftheconcernssurroundingTurkeysapplicationtojointheEuropeanUnion，tobevotedonbytheEUsCouncilofMinistersonDecember17th，areeconomic-inparticular，thecountrysrelativepoverty.ItsGDPperheadislessthanathirdoftheaverageforthe15pre-2004membersoftheEU.ButitisnotfaroffthatofoneofthetennewmemberswhichjoinedonMay1st2004(Latvia)，anditismuchthesameasthoseoftwocountries，BulgariaandRomania，whichthisweekconcludedaccessiontalkswiththeEUthatcouldmakethemfullmembersonJanuary1st2007.

Furthermore，thecountrysrecenteconomicprogresshasbeen，accordingtoDonaldJohnston，thesecretary-generaloftheOECD，“stunning”。GDPinthesecondquarteroftheyearwas13.4%higherthanayearearlier，arateofgrowththatnoEUcountryesclosetomatching.Turkeysinflationratehasjustfallenintosinglefiguresforthefirsttimesince1972，andthisweekthecountryreachedagreementwiththeIMFonanewthree-year，$10billioneconomicprogrammethatwill，accordingtotheIMFsmanagingdirector，RodrigoRato，“helpTurkey……reduceinflationtowardEuropeanlevels，andenhancetheeconomysresilience”。

Resiliencehasnothistoricallybeenthecountryseconomicstrongpoint.Asrecentlyas2001，GDPfellbyover7%.Itfellbymorethan5%in1994，andbyjustunder5%in1999.Indeed，throughoutthe1990sgrowthoscillatedlikeanelectrocardiogramrecordingaviolentheartattack.Thisirregularityhasbeenoneofthemainreasons(alongwithredtapeandcorruption)whythecountryhasfaileddismallytoattractmuch-neededforeigndirectinvestment.Itsstockofsuchinvestment(asapercentageofGDP)islowernowthanitwasinthe1980s，andannualinflowshavescarcelyeverreached$1billion(whereasIrelandattractedover$25billionin2003，asdidBrazilineveryyearfrom1998to2000)。

OnedeterrenttoforeigninvestorsisduetodisappearonJanuary1st2005.Onthatday，Turkeywilltakeawaytherightofvirtuallyeveryoneofitscitizenstocallthemselvesamillionaire.Sixnoughtswillberemovedfromthefacevalueofthelira;oneunitofthelocalcurrencywillhenceforthbeworthwhat1marenow-ie，about€0.53($0.70)。Goodswillhavetobepricedinboththenewandoldliraforthewholeoftheyear，butforeignbankersandinvestorscanbegintolookforwardtoatimeinTurkeywhentheywillnolongerhavetojugglementallywithindeterminatestringsofzeros.

1.WhatisTurkeyseconomicsituationnow?

AItsGDPperheadisfarlaggingbehindthatoftheEUmembers.

BItsinflationrateisstillrising.

CItseconomygrowsfasterthananyEUmember.