普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題(天津卷含答案)

2018年一般高等學(xué)校招生全國一致考試英語試題（天津卷）本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時100分鐘。第I卷1至10頁，第II卷11至12頁。答卷前，考生務(wù)勢必自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定地點(diǎn)粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時，考生務(wù)勢必答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第I卷注意事項：每題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需變動，用橡皮擦潔凈后，再選涂其余答案標(biāo)號。本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：單項填空（共15小題；每題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出能夠填入空白處的最正確選項。例：Standoverthere___________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.D.while答案是B。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下邊短文，掌握其粗心，而后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。1.—Wasn'tJoansupposedtobeherebynow?A.AllrightB.Don'tworryC.NowonderD.Enjoyyourself2.Kae,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.3.AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhe___________asshewassoconfidenceaboutherskills.D.turnedup4.Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend___________theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.1D.sothat5.—I'mmovinginafewdaysandIwonderifyoucouldhelp.—___________.Justletmeknowwhen,andI'llbethere.A.YoubetB.ItdependsC.ForgetitD.Nokidding6.The__________thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation7.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs___________.D.take8.Ittookhimalongtimeto___________theskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.A.displayB.acquireCteachD.test9.Thegoldmedalwillbeawarded___________towinsthefirstplaceinthebicycler.A.whomeverB.whereverC.whoeverD.whatever10.Ican'tfindmypurse.I___________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.couldhaveleft11.Bobthoughthecouldn'tgotothepartybecausehehadtowriteareport,buthewent___________.A.atfirstB.afterallC.aboveallD.atrandom12.Ididn'tmean___________anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp_______it.A.toeat；totryB.eating；tryingC.eating；totryD.toeat；trying13.Mywashingmachine___________thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.A.wasrepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired14.Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse___________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where15.Ifwe___________theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachA.hadcaughtB.caughtC.havecaughtD.wouldcatch2第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下邊短文，掌握其粗心，而后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown16.Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)17manyyearsago.Itookthehead18jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschool'soldteamtoplayagainstthe19teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn'tevenpracticeto20thegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Icouldn't21Ihadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto22thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheywere23me.Ihadtochangemy24abouttheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle25.Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatthemlike26.Thatsummer,Whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheir27,wemeteverydayand28passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsaftersufferingour29onthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto30.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate.Ifeltthatitwouldbea31forusevenifwelostthegame.Butthatwasn'twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmeoneofthegreatest32ofmylife！FromtheexperienceIlearntalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan33themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand34them.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves35,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,butborn.B.testsC.effortsD.natureB.experienceC.visitD.showB.editingC.consultingD.coachingB.excellentC.strongD.newB.prepareforC.helpwithD.finishwithB.agreeC.describeD.regretB.claimC.permitD.demand323.A.reactingtoB.lookingforC.dependingonD.caringabout24.A.decisionB.attitudeC.conclusionD.intention25.A.prideB.cultureC.fortuneD.relationship26.A.leadersB.partnersC.winnersD.leaners27.A.rewardsB.vacationsC.healthD.honor28.A.riskedB.missedC.consideredD.practiced29.A.defeatB.declineC.accidentD.mistake30.A.relaxB.improveC.expandD.defend31.A.shameB.burdenC.victoryD.favor32.A.chancesB.thrillsC.concernsD.offers33.A.surpriseB.serveC.interestD.affect34.A.encouragedB.observedC.protectedD.impressed35.A.honestlyB.individuallyC.calmlyD.differently第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarms.andfireextinguishers(滅火器).Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandtheFireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual(手動的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith(胡亂擺弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,please4dothefollowing:TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃爍），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.36.Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.37.Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?1Pipesandsmokedetectors.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations38.Inafiredrill,thestudentsshoulg2A.rushquicklytoaliftB.gatheratthenearest25C.shutthedoorandleaveatonceD.waitforinstructionsinthehall39.Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.40.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_________.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyC.startthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworkingBWhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytotumitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,"Doyouhavetheaddress?""No,butI'llrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.""Oh,stop.Thereitis!”Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus."MayIhelpyou?"amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(愛窺伺的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme."Wheredoyouthinkyouare?"heasked.Iturnedsharply."TheMcNayArtMuseum!"Hesmiled,shakinghishead."Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.""What’sthisplace?”Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it'sourhome."Myheartjolted(震顫).Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,"Sally!Comedownimmediately!""There'ssomereallygoodstuff(藝術(shù)作品）upthere."Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.I6pushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,"Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace."Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace."Excuseme,didyoueverenteraresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?""Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.""Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,Ineverrealizedfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I'vealwayswantedtothankyou."WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?Shewasapainter.Shewasacommunityleader.Shewasamuseumdirector.Shewasajournalist.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.43.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.C.Frightened.D.Delighted.WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.7Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.CThere’sanewfrontierin3Dprintingthat’sbeginningtocomeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn’tstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame,”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability(可連續(xù)性）Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids(水解膠體)fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae(藻類)andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients(烹調(diào)原料).3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock"food"thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,said,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday’sbreadfromthesupermarket,you’deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”Challenges8Despiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste(糊狀物)beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycomplexways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.Whatbenefitdoes3Dprintingbringtofoodproduction?Ithelpscookstocreatenewdishes.Itsavestimeandeffortincooking.Itimprovesthecookingconditions.Itcontributestorestaurantdecorations.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraphs3?Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily.Itquickensthetransportationoffood.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.AccordingtoParagraph4,3D-printedfood_____________.ismoreavailabletoconsumerscanmeetindividualnutritionalneedsismoretastythanfoodinsupermarketscankeepallthenutritioninrawmaterialsWhatisthemainfactorthatprevents3Dfoodprintingfromspreadingwidely?Theprintingprocessiscomplicated.3Dfoodprintersaretooexpensive.Foodmaterialshavetobedry.Someexpertsdoubt3Dfoodprinting.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?3DFoodPrinting:DeliciousNewTechnology9B.ANewWaytoImprove3DFoodPrintingC.TheChallengesfor3DFoodProductionD.3DFoodPrinting:FromFarmtoTableDGiveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you’llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild’sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻痹的）tonewstimulation(刺激),newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey’dfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(沉迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a"ruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepressuresof"time"and"destination"arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey’dseen."Oh,afewbirds,"theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyou1051.AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore____________.A.anxioustodowondersB.sensitivetoothers’feelingsC.likelytodevelopunpleasanthabitsD.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthemWhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.C.Tofollowtheteacher’sadvice.D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.53.Thebirdwatchers’behaviorshowsthatthey__________.A.areverypatientintheirobservationB.arereallyfascinatedbynatureC.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides54.Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A.Thenaturalbeautyisn’tattractivetothem.B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworldgetridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeopenourmindtonewthingsandideastryourbesttoprotectnature11第II卷注意事項：用黑色墨水的鋼筆或署名筆將答案寫在答題卡上。本卷共6小題，共35分。第三部分：寫作第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，并依據(jù)題目要求用英語回答以下問題。Somepeoplelivetoclimbthehighestmountains.Somepeopleliveonlydreamingaboutitwhileotherslivetoavoideverclimbingatall.Butonethingiscertain,allpeopleencountermountainsintheirlife.WhenIwasalittlegirl,myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmountain.Onedayafterschool,whileexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain,Ialmostfellonasetofstairs.Whatcouldthesestepsleadto?CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon.Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps.Iclimbedandclimbed.Therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesesteps.Ihadtoreachthetop!Butitwasnowgettingrealdark.IfIkeptgoingImightnotbeabletoseemywayback.MymomwouldbeworriedsickifIdidn’tcomehomesoon.SoIranbackhomealmostinthedarkwhiletryingnottogettooscared.AnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.Couldtherebeacastleupthere?MaybeIwouldfindamonster(怪物).MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome.Or,maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!Butsomethinginsidemewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost.Icouldhardlywaittotrythisadventureagain.Nowweliveinaworldsurroundedbythe"can’tdo"allhavedoubtsandregrets.Stillwemustclimbanddreamaboutwhat’satthetopofourmountain.Monstersmayappearorthenightwillfall.Butneverevergiveuponyourdream!Neverletanyonetellyou,"Youcan’t."Dreambigandclimbhigh!56.Whatmadethe