人教版（2022）選擇性必修一一個(gè)關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的故事同步練習(xí)

選擇性必修一一個(gè)關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的故事同步練習(xí)一個(gè)關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的故事（上）同步練習(xí)（答題時(shí)間：40分鐘）一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Youneedtobetoughto__________inthejungle.A.survive B.surviving C.survived D.survives*2.Shewastheonlyone__________thewreck.A.surviving B.havingsurvived C.tosurvive D.survived3.Thosespeciesinadaptabletochangingconditionsmay__________.A.dieof B.diedown C.dieaway D.dieout4.Ifwedon’ttakesomemeasurestoprotectthiskindofplant,itwill_______________soon.A.dieout B.diedown C.diefrom D.dieof二、單句語法填空1.Yourproblemsarebeing__________(discuss)atthemeetingnow.2.Lucyhasbeenhunting__________ajobeverywheresinceshegraduatedlastmonth.*3.I’dappreciate__________ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.4.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks__________animalsandplantscanbeprotected.5.Itisacitywherepeopleofdifferentlanguageshavelivedtogether__________peaceforcenturies.6.Thehealthreportstressesthe__________(important)offreshfoodinadiet.7.Theclassburstinto__________(laugh)whentheyheardthefunnystorytoldbyJack.*8.Manytraditionalcustoms__________(dieout)sofarbecausetheyareoutofdate.*9.Asamatteroffact，manypeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceof__________(respond)towildlifeprotection.10.Formanystudents,greatattentionmustbepaidto__________(improve)theirhandwriting,especiallyinthefreshyear.三、閱讀七選五Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.____1____Ingeneral,theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.______*2___Betweentheagesofabout12and50,womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility(生育能力).Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandthebloodflow.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.____3____Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.____*4____Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellshaveatendency(傾向)toagemoreslowlythanaman’s.Othersthinkthataman’sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.___5____A.However,women,onaverage,livelonger.B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.

一個(gè)關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的故事（上）同步練習(xí)參考答案一、1.A解析：不定式表示目的，應(yīng)用to+動(dòng)詞原形，選A。2.C解析：當(dāng)名詞前有theonly/thevery/thenext或序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級修飾時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。3.D解析：句意：那些不能適應(yīng)變化的環(huán)境的物種可能會(huì)滅絕。dieof死于；diedown逐漸變?nèi)?，逐漸平息，逐漸暗淡；dieaway逐漸減弱，逐漸消失；dieout（指家族、物種等）死光，滅絕。4.A解析：句意：如果我們不采取一些措施保護(hù)這種植物，它不久就會(huì)滅絕。dieout滅絕；diedown逐漸消失；diefrom/of死于。二、1.arebeingdiscussed解析：考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)在你的問題正在會(huì)議上被討論。Yourproblems與discuss之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且根據(jù)句中出現(xiàn)的now可知，要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2.for解析：考查介詞。句意：Lucy自從上個(gè)月畢業(yè)以來一直在到處找工作。huntfor″尋找″，相當(dāng)于lookfor。3.it解析：考查代詞。句意：如果你能夠讓我提前知道你是否要來，我將不勝感激。I’dappreciateitif是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。英語中動(dòng)詞appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等之后，常用″it+when/if從句″。4.where解析：考查定語從句。句意：許多國家現(xiàn)在正在建立國家公園，動(dòng)植物可以在那里得到保護(hù)。whereanimalsandplantscanbeprotected是定語從句，修飾先行詞nationalparks，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。5.in解析：考查介詞。句意：它是一個(gè)不同語言的人們和平共處了幾世紀(jì)的城市。短語inpeace意思是"和平地，和睦地，安靜地″。6.importance解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：健康報(bào)道強(qiáng)調(diào)了飲食中新鮮食物的重要性。根據(jù)空前的the和空后的of可知，此處要用名詞形式。7.laughter解析：考查固定短語。句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生們聽到Jack講的那個(gè)有趣的故事時(shí)，他們放聲大笑。此處考查了短語burstintolaughter，意思是″放聲大笑″。8.havediedout解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到目前為止許多傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)俗已經(jīng)逐漸消失了，因?yàn)樗鼈冞^時(shí)了。根據(jù)句子中的sofar可知，此處需要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。9.responding解析：考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式。句意：實(shí)際上，許多人已經(jīng)意識到響應(yīng)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物的重要性。respond意思是″響應(yīng)″，介詞of之后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式。l0.improving解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：對于很多學(xué)生來說，他們必須要高度注意改進(jìn)他們的書寫，尤其是在一年級的時(shí)候。動(dòng)詞短語payattentionto″注意″，本題用了其被動(dòng)形式attentionbepaidto，其中to是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故填improving。三、文章是一篇科技報(bào)道，講述了女人比男人長壽的原因。現(xiàn)代社會(huì)人們普遍比過去長壽了，但女人更長壽。其中一個(gè)重要的原因是生物因素：女人和男人的生物荷爾蒙不同，女性因?yàn)樯脑颍置诘暮蔂柮蓪π呐K和血液都有良性的影響，讓女人更少受高血壓和心臟病的困擾。同時(shí)，女性荷爾蒙還可以對抗感染，就連普通的感冒，女人也比男人更有抵抗力?？茖W(xué)家們現(xiàn)在還沒弄清楚基因是如何影響人肌體的老化，但可以肯定的是女性的身體細(xì)胞老化的速度比男人慢。1.A解析：文章后面說theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen．她們比男人可以多活六到七年，可以推測前面應(yīng)該講的是女人。故選A。2.G解析：文章前一句說Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen．男女荷爾蒙不同；后一句說womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility女性的荷爾蒙與生育有關(guān)，可以知道這里講的應(yīng)該是荷爾蒙的問題。故選G。3.D解析：前面說到Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.荷爾蒙對心臟和血液有好處；后面說Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.它們還可以對抗感染，可以推測這里講的應(yīng)該是荷爾蒙保護(hù)身體的另外一種方式。故選D。4.C解析：后面一句是Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging科學(xué)家們還不清楚基因是如何對抗衰老的，可以知道前面應(yīng)該說的是基因。故選C。5.E解析：文章最后說Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellshaveatendency（向）toagemoreslowlythanaman’s.Othersthinkthataman’sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.女性身體細(xì)胞老化得比男人慢，或者說男人的細(xì)胞必女人老化得快。這兩種可能性都得到了目前研究的支持，故選E。

一個(gè)關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的故事（下）同步練習(xí)（答題時(shí)間：40分鐘）*翻譯全文TheStoryofEbolaThisisastoryofhowmyvillagesurvivedEbola.BatsbroughtthetinyEbolagerms.Toosmalltosee.Sosmallyetsodangerous.Withoutrealizing,grandfatherrubbedalittlebloodinhiseye.Ebolagermscameintohisbody.Dayswentby.Thengrandfathergotaterriblefeverandweakness.Wethoughtitwasmalariabuthewassoonmuchworse.Hehadvomitinganddiarrhea.Hisfevergotevenhigher.Irantogetthenurse.Butgrandfatherhadalreadydied.Iwasheart-broken.ThenursethoughtitmightbeEbola,adiseasecausedfrombushmeatbutwhichspreadsfrompersontoperson.Othersinourregionhadalreadydiedofthisnewdisease.Unlessweunderstoodthediseaseandfollowtheirrules,itcouldspreadfurtherandkillmanymorepeople.SheexplainedthatEbolawasinthebodyfluidsofsomeonewhowassickorhaddiedofEbola.Theirsweat,tears,mucus,saliva,vomit,diarrhea,urine,breastmilk,sexualfluidsandblood.Whenwetouchasickperson’sbodyfluids,theEbolagermscangetintosmallsmallbreaksinourskin,orintooureyes,noseormouth.TheEbolagermsspreadintoourbodyandmakeussick.WhensomebodydiedofEbola,thatbodyismuchmorecontagious.Nooneshouldevertouchthedeadbody.Thenurseadvisedustowashourhandswithsoapandwaterrightaway.Shecontactedthetrainedburialteamtohelpusburygrandfather’sbodysafely.Theburialteamcame.Theycomfortedusandexplainedwhattheyhadtodotoprotectus.Theteamworeprotectiveclothingthatkeptthemsafefromthedangerousgerms.Thisspreadsgrandfather’sroomandhisbodywithchlorinetodestroytheEbolagerms.TheyputhisbodysafelyawayinabagtopreventthespreadofEbola.Noonecouldtouchthebodyofanyonewhohaddiedwithsignsofthedisease.Theyalsoburnedhismattressbeddingandclothes,anythingthatmighthavethisgerms.Alltheseactionsmadeussafer.Itwastoogreatarisktofollowallourtraditions.ButwestillhonoredgrandfatherinthetimeofEbola.Ourchiefgatheredallthevillagerstogetheraftergrandfather’sdeath.Heexplainedthatit’snaturalforustofearEbola.Butifwetrustinouthealthworkersandfollowtheirruleswecouldstopthedisease.Thenurseexplainstouswhenapersonhassymptomssuchasfever.Don’ttouchthem.Getthemtothetreatmentcenterrightaway.Theywillhavethebestchanceofsurvivingandtheywon’tspreadEbola.Sheadvisedustowashourhandswithsoapandwatermanytimesaday.Thewholevillageagreedtofollowtheserules.Sinceweallhadclosecontactwithgrandfather,wewereatriskofgettingEbola.Wehadtostayathome.Ahealthworkervisiteduseverydaytoseewhetherwehadfeverorsignsofsickness.Wewouldshowsignswithin21daysifwehadEbola.ManydayspassandIthoughtwewouldallstayhealthy.Butonemorning,Ifoundmymotherburningwithfever.IknewIcouldn’ttouchher.Shewasnowcontagious.Myfathercamein.Hetoldmehewastakingmymotherawaytoouruncle’shouseinthenearbyvillage.Hewasafraidtotakehertothetreatmentcenterandafraidhe’dneverseeheragain.IknewIhadtostopthem.IwasyoungbutIstooduptobothofthem.ItoldthemifthiscouldbeEbola.Shemustgotothetreatmentcenterrightaway.Weneedtotrustinourhealthworkerstosaveher,saveourselvesandourvillage.Isawintheirfacesthattheyunderstood.Runningawaywouldonlyleadtomoredeathandsuffering.MymothertestedpositiveforEbola.Theyfoundherabed.AtfirstthehealthworkerslookedscarybutIknewtheyworethesuitstoprotectthemselves.Andinsidetherewerenormalpeoplelikethenurse.Theytookgoodcareofmymother.Theygaveherfluidsmedicineandfood,andhelpedherbodystaystrongtofightEbola.ImissedmymotherverymuchbutIcouldstilltalktoheronthephone.Sadlysomepeopleinmyvillagedidn’tsurvivebutmymothergotbetterdaybyday.Soonwewereabletoseeherfromasafedistance.Onedaythenurseannouncedthatmymotherwouldleave.Nowweweresafetohugandkissher.Itwasadaytocelebrate.Ourvillagefollowedtheirrules.Wetrustedourhealthworkers,broughtussickforcarerightaway.Callforthesafeburialteamwhenoneofourpeopledied.Andwealwayswashourhandswithsoapandwater.OurvillagesurvivedEbola.Yourscan,too.

一個(gè)關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的故事（下）同步練習(xí)參考答案參考譯文：埃博拉的故事這是一個(gè)關(guān)于我的村莊如何戰(zhàn)勝埃博拉病毒的故事。蝙蝠攜帶微小的埃博拉病毒，太小肉眼看不見。病毒雖然小，可是非常致命。無意識地，祖父把一點(diǎn)血弄進(jìn)了眼睛里。埃博拉病毒進(jìn)入他的身體。日子一天天過去了。祖父發(fā)燒嚴(yán)重，身體虛弱。我們以為是瘧疾，但他很快就惡化了。他一直嘔吐和腹瀉。他的發(fā)燒更厲害了。我跑去找護(hù)士。但祖父已經(jīng)死了。我心碎了。護(hù)士認(rèn)為可能是埃博拉病毒，一種由叢林肉引起的疾病，但會(huì)在人與人之間傳播。我們地區(qū)的其他人已經(jīng)死于這種新疾病。除非我們了解這種疾病并遵循其規(guī)律，否則它可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步傳播并殺死更多的人。她解釋說，埃博拉病毒存在于病人或死于埃博拉的人的體液中，汗水、眼淚、粘