語法總復習不定式todo用法歸納一(公開課課件)

語法總復習不定式todo用法歸納一(公開課課件)第一頁，共23頁。動詞不定式todo否定式：nottodo第二頁，共23頁。分析下面的不定式在句子中作什么成分1Toseeistobelieve.2Yourtaskistocleantheclassroom.3Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.4Shewasverybusyandhadnotime

tovisitherfriends.5Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)

tobeheard.主語賓語表語賓補定語狀語歸納：todo在句子中可做：主、賓、表、補、定、狀第三頁，共23頁。不定式（一）學習下面句子，歸納用法。1.Todomorningexercisesisusefulforourhealth.2.Tocatchthe5:00busearlyinthemorningisnotagoodidea.3.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.4.Itisnotagoodideatocatchthe5：00busearlyinthemorning.歸納：不定式作主語，表示具體的某次動作。若不定式結構比較復雜，常用it作形式主語，真正的主語放在句子的后面。高考鏈接(1)(真題改編·山東)It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone________(employ)asecurityofficer.toemploy第四頁，共23頁。（二）學習下面句子，歸納用法。1.Hisdreamistobeadoctor.2.Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.3.Mywishistobecomeateacher．歸納：不定式作表語，表示將來的情況，說明主語的內容。其主語常常是wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,job等表示意向、打算、計劃的詞。練習：Yourjobtodayis________(clean)theplayground.toclean第五頁，共23頁。（三）學習下面句子，歸納用法。1.Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.2.Hecan'taffordtobuytheexpensivecar.3.Ithinkitusefultolearnaforeignlanguage.4.Ifeelitmydutytosaythatyouarewrong.歸納：1.不定式作賓語，常跟在某些動詞后。不定式作賓語動詞口訣決心學會選計劃，拒絕答應想假裝；主動設法愿希望，同意請求幫一幫；準備威脅易聲稱，渴望申請敗躊躇。其對應的動詞分別為：decide/determine,learn,choose,plan,refuse,promise,want/attempt,pretend,offer,manage,expect/wish/hope,agree,ask/beg,help,prepare,threaten,tend,claim,desire/long,apply,fail,hesitate。固定搭配第六頁，共23頁。2.若不定式結構比較復雜，通常用it作形式賓語，真正的主語放在句子的后面，該用法常見的動詞有think,find,make,believe,consider,suppose,feel等。It形式賓語結構：主語+謂語+it+adj./n.+todosth第七頁，共23頁。3.一些動詞既可跟動名詞又可跟不定式作賓語，但是兩種情況下的語義不同。remembertodosth.記住要做某事rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事regrettodosth.對將要做的事抱歉regretdoingsth.對發(fā)生過的事后悔trytodosth.設法……，試圖……trydoingsth.試試看，試一試meantodosth.打算做……meandoingsth.意味著stoptodosth.停下來做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做某件事第八頁，共23頁。(補充)接doing形式的動詞及短語1.動名詞作賓語：

finishdoingsth.完成做某事；enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事；practicedoingsth.練習做某事；imaginedoing,想象做某事；avoiddoingsth.避免做某事；considerdoingsth.考慮做某事；suggestdoingsth.建議做某事；minddoingsth.介意做某事；keepdoingsth.持續(xù)做某事2.固定短語：feellikedoingsth.喜歡做某事；bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事；beworthdoing值得做某事；havefundoing.做某事高興spend…(in)doingsth.花費（時間、金錢）做某事；havedifficulties/trouble/problems（in）doingsth做某事有困難；第九頁，共23頁。練習：1.Shehadagreed________(go)andseeamoviewithhim.2.Themandownstairsfounditdifficult___________(get)tosleep.3.—I'msorry,butIdidn'tmean________outyoursecret.—Butyouknow,lettingoutone'ssecretmeans________one'sfeelings.A．tolet;tohurtB．letting;hurtingC．tolet;hurting D．letting;tohurttogotogetC第十頁，共23頁。（四）學習下面句子，歸納用法。1.Theytoldhimnottobelateagain.2.Theparentsdon'tallowtheirchildrentogooutatnight.3.Sheinvitedmetohavedinnerwithheryesterday．歸納1：不定式在某些動詞后作賓補要保留to,如例1、2、3。常見動詞有tell,advise,allow,ask,expect,force,want,teach,wish,persuade等?！救纾篴sksbtodo】第十一頁，共23頁。4.Iheardhersingtoday．Shesangwonderfully．5.Shewasheard

tosingtoday．6.Isawhimentertheroom.7.Hewasseen

toentertheroom.8.Don’tmakethechildrendosuchheavywork.9.Theworkersweremade

towork10hoursaday.歸納2：不定式在感官動詞和使役動詞后作賓補要省略to,和賓語是主謂關系，強調動作的全過程，如例句4、6、8；但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，to不能省略，如例句5、7、9。常見動詞有feel（一感），listento，hear（二聽），let，make，have（三讓），lookat，see，watch，notice（四看）?！局鲃訜oto，被動有to】第十二頁，共23頁。練習：1.Theyweremade______(work)thewholenight.2.Ihaveheardhim________(speak)

aboutyouoften.3.Idecided________(write)ratherthantotelephone.4.Myfathergotme________(wash)alltheclotheslastnight.5.Thechildrenwereseen________(run)downthestreet.6.Ourteacheradvisesus________(read)aloudeveryday.7.Thecatwatchedthemouse________(slide)intothehousebutdidnothing.

speaktoworktowritetowashtoruntoreadslide第十三頁，共23頁。（五）學習下面句子，歸納用法。1.Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.2.Wehavemuchhomeworktodotonight.3.AreyougoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldnextMonday?4.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.5.DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?6.Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.歸納：1.不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語，表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。2.名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級修飾時，其后要用不定式。3.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代詞something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語，第十四頁，共23頁。練習1.Theairport________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.2.Doyouhaveanything__________(do)tonight?tobecompletdtodo第十五頁，共23頁。（五）學習下面句子，歸納用法。1.Toseedistantpeopleclearly,hehastowearglasses.2.Theytookmeawayfrommyworkjusttoaskmesomequestions.3.Whathashedonetomakeyousohappy?4.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.5.Shewasnotsostupidtodothat.6.Iworkedhardonlytofailatlast.7.ThereisnodoubtthatMrs.Liwillbegladtolookaftertheboy.歸納：動詞不定式作狀語可表示目的、原因及結果等。作目的狀語。通常放在句末；為了強調目的或意義，也可放在句首；作結果狀語，可用于enoughto,so...asto,such...asto,onlyto...以及too...to等結構中。第十六頁，共23頁。練習：1.________(catch)theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.2.________(workout)thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.3.________(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.4.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only________(find)itdidn'tfit.5.Hisfatherpassedaway,only_______(leave)himalittlemoney.6.Sheistooweak________（join）tojoinusintheouting.TocatchToworkoutTolearntofindleavingtojoin第十七頁，共23頁。三、不定式和疑問詞連用1.Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.2.Thequestionishowtodothejobwell.3.Hetoldmewheretofindthebook.歸納：疑問詞“what,how,when,where,which＋動詞不定式”結構可作主語、表語和賓語等。高考鏈接1.—It'snousehavingideasonly.—Don'tworry.Petercanshowyou________toturnanideaintoanact.how第十八頁，共23頁。一般式表示動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或在謂語動詞后面發(fā)生，進行式表示動作正在進行，完成式表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前。否定式：nottodo主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone進行式tobedoing

第十九頁，共23頁。五熟記三種結構1.Theyhadnochoicebuttomove.2.Hecoulddonothingbutwaitforthebus.3.IthurtsomuchthatIcouldn'thelpbutcryoutinpain.

歸納：1.havenochoicebuttodo沒有選擇，只能做..2.can