2020版高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)1Unit1Friendship知能演練輕松闖關(guān)(含解析)新人教版

Unit1FriendshipⅠ閱讀理解A(2019·合肥高三調(diào)研性檢測)GoldenGateBridgeLocatedinSanFrancisco,theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957,theGoldenGateBridge,

at

alengthof2，737meters,wasthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.BrooklynBridgeTheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStates,openedintheyear1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1，825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeWashingtonBridgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridge,theGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwo-levelsuspensionbridge.MackinacBridgeThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8，constructionofthebridgewhichstartedintheyear1954.Itwasopenedtothepublicin1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoBridgeLocatedinArizona,thisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927,endingtwoyearslater,costing$390，000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國五座有名的大橋。1．WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A．Itconsistsoftwobridges.B．Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C．Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Ittakesabout4yearstocompletetheconstruction.D分析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937”可推知，金門大橋的建筑時間約有四年，故D項正確。2．Whichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliest?A．GoldenGateBridge.B．BrooklynBridge.C．GeorgeWashingtonBridge.D．NavajoBridge.B分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干重點(diǎn)詞“

wasbuilttheearliest

”定位到每座大橋的建筑時間；依據(jù)文中各座大橋的建筑時間可知，

布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，

故B項正確。3．WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridge?A．Havetopaysomemoney.B．Usethesecondbridge.C．Covernearly250meters.D．SeethestatueofDr.DavidB.Steinman.A分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會被收取必定量的錢，故A項正確。B(2019·惠州高三第一次調(diào)研考試)Followingthecrowdmaynotalwaysbeinaperson’sbestinterest.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.Scientistshaveknownthatclosefriendshipshelpboosthealth.That’strueforbothteensandadults.ThefindinginspiredJosephAllen,apsychologistattheUniversityofVirginia,andhisteamtostudywhetherexperiencesduringteenyearswouldinfluenceadulthealth.Sotheyfollowed171teens,startingwhenthekidswerejust13.Theyinterviewedeachoneeveryyearforfiveyears，andalsospoketotheseteens’closestfriends，whoprovidedadditionalinformationaboutthequalityoftheirfriendships.Thesame171peoplewereinterviewedagainatages25,26and27.Thistime,thequestionssurveyedeachperson’soverallhealth.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthedata,theyfoundastrongconnectionbetweenateen’sbehaviorandadulthealth.Teenswhohadclosefriendsgrewuptobethehealthieradults.Whetherteensheldbacktheirfeelingsorexpressedthemtoclosefriendsalsoinfluencedlaterhealth.Thosewhoheldbacktheirfeelingsweremorelikelytobesickasadults.Theconnectionheldupevenafterthescientistsaccountedforotherpossibleinfluencesonhealth.Weight，familyincomeanddrugusewereallexamined.Sowerementalhealthissues，suchasanxietyanddepression.Andinthesepeople，suchotherfactorsdidnotexplainadulthealthaswellasteenfriendshipsdid.Gettingalongwiththecrowdmayhavebenefits,saysAllen,buttherearealsodrawbacks.Teenswhoaremoreindependenttendtodobetteratschoolandwork.Andpeerpressuremayleadsomekidstoengageinriskybehavior,suchassmoking,drinkingorusingdrugs.Dealingwithitisanongoingchallenge，Allenacknowledges.“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldn’tloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”And,headds，“Parentsneedtobeunderstandingaboutthepressuresteensface.”【解題導(dǎo)語】研究表示，與朋友較少或許沒有朋友的青少年對比，有朋友的青少年在長大后更健康。自然，與朋友相處也有缺點(diǎn)。4．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A．Sciencefiction.B．Healthcolumn.C．Fashionmagazine.D．Entertainmentnewspaper.分析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹青少年時的友情對青少年景年后健康的影響。據(jù)此可知，本文屬于健康知識類文章，故可判斷，本文可能選自“健康專欄”。故B項正確。5．WecanlearnfromAllen’sstudythat________．A．manyotherfactorshaveagreaterinfluenceonadulthealththanteenfriendshipsB．mentalhealthissueshavenothingtodowithadulthealthC．thesame171teenswereinterviewedeachyearfrom13to27D．theteenswhocouldn’texpressthemselvesgrewuptobeunhealthierD分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Whetherteensheldback...sickasadults.”可知，青少年能否向他們的好朋友表達(dá)感情也會影響到其成年后的健康，那些壓抑感情的青少年景年后很可能不健康。故D項正確。6．AccordingtowhatAllensaid,wecanknowthat________．A．inordertodobetteratschool,teensshouldnotfollowthecrowdB．thoughit’schallengingforteenstodealwithpeerpressure,theyshouldnotgiveupC．teenswillengageinsmoking,drinkingorusingdrugswhenfacingpeerpressureD．parentsshouldunderstandtheirteensandstopthemgoingwithfriends分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，與朋友相處使得青少年在成年后更為健康的同時也會帶來不利影響，即四周同齡人帶來的壓力，這些壓力會致使很多問題。剖析Allen的話“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldn’tloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”能夠判斷，青少年要應(yīng)付這些壓力，找到正確的均衡點(diǎn)是重點(diǎn)，不可以由于很難找到均衡點(diǎn)就心灰意冷。應(yīng)選B。7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Thereisnothingbadforteenstofollowthecrowd.B．ClosefriendshipsarethemostimportantforpeopleC．Teenfriendshipsmayhelpteensbecomehealthieradults.

’shealth.D．Adulthealthisonlyinfluencedbyteenfriendships.C分析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段第二句“

But

newresearch

suggests

that

teenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.

”可知，與朋友相處的青少年在成年后會更為健康。C項意為“青少年時期的友情會幫助青少年景為更為健康的成年人”，切合文章意思。故C項正確。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I__1__theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twantto__2__afewdollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t__3__enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour__4__wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__5__Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s__6__.Icouldhardlywaitto__7__him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__8__wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit__9__thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto__10__theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto__11__whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,__12__，toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat__13__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe__14__．TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtousewhathe__15__me:“Theabsolutemostimportant__16__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood__17__.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto__18__asituation,processwhatyouropponent(敵手)isdoingand__19__thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy__20__asajournalist.【解題導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇記述文。本文敘述了我在大學(xué)時所選的課程對自己此后的職業(yè)和生活起到了很重要的作用。1．A.putforward

B．jumpedatC．triedout

D．turneddownB分析：我急不可待地接受

(jumpedat)了參加這個課程學(xué)習(xí)的想法。

putforward

“提出”；tryout

“試驗”；

turndown

“關(guān)小，拒絕”。2．A.waste

B．earnC．save

D．pay分析：畢竟，誰不想節(jié)儉(save)一些錢呢？waste“浪費(fèi)，花銷”；earn“掙，賺得”；pay“付款”。3．A.excited

B．worriedC．moved

D．tiredA分析：即便我對免費(fèi)學(xué)分不太激動

(excited)

。worried

“擔(dān)憂的”；

moved“感人的”；tired

“勞苦的”。4．A.title

B．competitorC．textbook

D．instructorD分析：對于我們的講課老師

(instructor)

的信息足夠吸引我。

title

“標(biāo)題，題目”；competitor

“競爭者”；

textbook

“課本”。5．A.urged

B．demandedC．held

D．meant分析：他是一位國際象棋大師，這意味(meant)著我能向象棋界最優(yōu)異的人之一學(xué)習(xí)。urge“督促”；demand“要求”；hold“舉行”。6．A.fastest

B．easiestC．best

D．rarest分析：拜見上題分析。fastest“最快的”；easiest“最簡單的”；best“最正確的”；rarest

“最寶貴的”。7．A.interview

B．meetC．challenge

D．beatB分析：依據(jù)上文對這位國際象棋大師的描繪可知，我急不可待地想見到

(meet)

他。interview

“采訪”；

challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”；beat“打擊”。8．A.chance

B．qualificationC．honor

D．jobD分析：MauriceAshleychance“時機(jī)”；qualification

是和善又聰慧的人，這份工作“資格”；honor“榮譽(yù)”。

(job)

對他來說不是游戲。9．A.real

B．perfectC．clear

D．possible分析：在他的介紹里，他清楚地(clear)說了然我們的學(xué)分是一定經(jīng)過努力才能獲取的。real“真的”；perfect“完滿的”；possible“可能的”。10．A.attend

B．passC．skip

D．observe分析：為了經(jīng)過(pass)這門課程，我們一定寫一篇對于怎樣把講堂所學(xué)運(yùn)用到將來職業(yè)中的文章。attend“參加”；skip“跳過”；observe“察看”。11．A.add

B．exposeC．a(chǎn)pply

D．compare分析：拜見上題分析。add“增添”；expose“裸露，使面對”；apply“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；compare“比較”。12．A.eventuallyB．naturallyC．directlyD．normallyA分析：而且最后(eventually)運(yùn)用到我們的生活中。naturally“自然地”；directly“直接地”