2022-2023學年天津市河西區(qū)高二上學期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

天津市河西區(qū)2022-2023學年高二上學期期末考試英語試題第Ⅰ卷選擇題(滿分60分)第一部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—Ithinkourheadmastershouldbeinvitedtotheparty.—________.Hewillbetreatedasourhonoredguest.A.It’suptoyou B.Iagreeabsolutely C.Youmustbejoking D.Itdoesn’tmatter【答案】B【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：—我認為應該邀請我們的校長來參加聚會?！彝耆?。他將被視為我們的貴賓。A.It’suptoyou由你做主；B.Iagreeabsolutely我完全同意；C.Youmustbejoking你一定是在開玩笑吧;D.Itdoesn’tmatter沒關系。根據(jù)答句句意可知，回答者對于前者的提議表示“同意”，故選B。2.Toproperlysortgarbage,weusedifferent______fordifferentgarbage.A.agenciesB.capsulesC.criteriaD.containers【答案】D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了正確地分類垃圾，我們使用不同的垃圾箱來處理不同的垃圾。A.agencies機構；B.capsules膠囊；C.criteria標準；D.containers容器。分析句子，此處表示“垃圾箱，容器”用container。故選D。3.Chaplinwasnotjustagenius;hewasamongthemost_______figuresinfilmhistory.A.influentialB.rewardingC.convincingD.lifelong【答案】A【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：卓別林不僅是個天才；他是電影史上最有影響力的人物之一。A.influential有影響力的；B.rewarding有回報的；C.convincing令人信服的；D.lifelong終生的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“有影響力的”。故選A。4.InthepastfourdecadesChinahas_______improvedthelivingstandardsoftheordinarypeople.A.mutuallyB.urgentlyC.dramaticallyD.objectively【答案】C【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的四十年里，中國顯著地提高了普通人民的生活水平。A.mutually互相地；B.urgently緊急地；C.dramatically顯著地；D.objectively客觀地。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“顯著地”用dramatically。故選C。5.Itwasreportedthatanagreement_______betweenthetwocompaniesandthattheywouldcarryoutaprojecttogether.A.hadreachedB.hadbeenreachedC.wasreachedD.hasbeenreached【答案】B【詳解】考查動詞。句意：據(jù)報道，這兩家公司已經(jīng)達成協(xié)議，他們將共同實施一個項目。分析句子，此處表示“達成協(xié)議”用reachanagreement，句中agreement與reach之間是被動關系，且在wasreported之前，故使用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。6.Henrywillnotbeabletoattendthemeetingtonightbecause_______.A.hemustteachaclassB.hewillbeteachingaclassC.heteachesaclassD.hewillhavebeenteaching【答案】B【詳解】考查動詞。句意：亨利今晚不能參加會議了，因為他將會一直上課。分析句子，句子表示將來的某個時刻正在發(fā)生某個動作，故使用將來進行時。故選B。7.Theseproblems_______bythemthewholemorningyesterday.A.werebeingdiscussedB.werediscussedC.havebeendiscussedD.havebeendiscussing【答案】A【詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：昨天他們整個上午都在討論這些問題。主語Theseproblems與謂語動詞discuss構成被動關系，結合后文thewholemorningyesterday可知為過去進行時的被動語態(tài)。故選A。8.Wetook_______forgrantedthattheywouldacceptouradvice.A.thatB.thisC.itD.them【答案】C【詳解】考查固定句型。句意：我們想當然地認為他們會接受我們的建議。固定句型takeitforgrantedthat表示“理所當然地認為”。故選C。9.Thoughnotgoingasplanned,theparty_______tobeverysuccessful.A.turnedupB.turnedoutC.turnedinD.turnedon【答案】B【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：聚會雖然沒有按計劃進行，但結果非常成功。A.turnedup出現(xiàn)；B.turnedout結果是；C.turnedin上交；D.turnedon打開。分析句子，此處表示“結果是”用turnout。故選B。10.Eversincehighschoolhehas_______journalismandnowhehasalreadybecomeaverygoodjournalist.A.developedanappetiteforB.takenadvantageofC.madethebestuseofD.paidmoreattentionto【答案】A【詳解】考查動詞。句意：從高中開始他就這樣了他對新聞產生了興趣，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一名非常優(yōu)秀的記者。A.developedanappetitefor養(yǎng)成了對……的興趣；B.takenadvantageof利用；C.madethebestuseof充分利用；D.paidmoreattentionto注意。根據(jù)后文“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一名非常優(yōu)秀的記者”可知，之前他對新聞產生了興趣。故選A。11.It’sonlyrightthathumanbeingsshouldlearntolive_______naturebecausetheycoexistwitheachother.A.inhonourof B.inharmonywith C.inreturnfor D.incontrolof【答案】B【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這是唯一正確的，人類應該學會與自然和諧共處，因為他們彼此共存。A.inhonourof為紀念；B.inharmonywith與……和諧；C.inreturnfor作為……的報答；D.incontrolof控制。根據(jù)后文“naturebecausetheycoexistwitheachother”指和自然和諧共處，故選B。12._______allmyclassmates,Iwishtosaythankstotheteachersforgivingussomuchsupport.A.InspiteofB.InsteadofC.OnbehalfofD.Regardlessof【答案】C【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我謹代表全體同學向老師們表示感謝，感謝他們給我們這么多的支持。A.Inspiteof盡管；B.Insteadof取而代之；C.Onbehalfof代表；D.Regardlessof不管。此處表示“代表”，用onbehalfof。故選C。13.Itisunfairforthechildren_______theInternetifyouonlyprovideonlinecourses.A.withoutaccesstoB.incontrolofC.intheactofD.alongthelinesof【答案】A【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：如果你只提供網(wǎng)絡課程，對沒有網(wǎng)絡的孩子來說是不公平的。A.withoutaccessto不能接觸；B.incontrolof控制；C.intheactof正在做；D.alongthelinesof在某方面。根據(jù)“Itisunfair”可知，此處表示“不能接觸互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的孩子們”用withoutaccessto。故選A。14.ThefastdevelopmentoftheInternethas_______manychangestoourdailylife.A.broughtup B.tookout C.tookin D.broughtforth【答案】D【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展給我們的日常生活帶來了許多變化。A.broughtup撫養(yǎng)；B.tookout拿出；C.tookin理解；D.broughtforth產生。根據(jù)后文“manychangestoourdailylife”指產生許多變化，故選D。15.Thepolicehavesearchedforthelostchildforafortnight,but_______.A.invainB.inturnC.intimeD.inorder【答案】A【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：警察找了那個走失的孩子兩個星期，但一無所獲。A.invain徒勞地；B.inturn依次地；C.intime及時；D.inorder有順序地。分析句子，此處but表示轉折關系，即雖然警察找了兩個星期，但是結果是徒勞地。故選A。第二節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16?30各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Myfatherwasraisedinafatherlesshomeatatimewhenthefamilyoffivestruggledtosurvive,whichcausedmyfathertobeextremelytightfisted(吝嗇)withmoney.Whenwechildrenbecame___16___thatotherchildrengotpocketmoneyfromtheirparents,wemadea(an)___17___toaskourfatherforsome.Immediatelyhisfaceturnedstonecold,andhesaid,“Ifyou’reoldenoughtoask,you’reoldenoughtoearn.”Andwehadtoseekoddjobsabouttheneighbourhood.Hedidn’t___18___hisattitudeaswegrewintoadulthood.Therewasatimewhen___19___ofushadacar,sowehadtorideabuswheneverwecamehome.Thoughthebusstoppedabouttwomilesfromhome,Dadnevermetus,___20___inbadweather.Ifsomeone___21___(andmybrothersdidalot),he’dsayinhis___22___father-voice.“That’swhatyourlegsarefor!”O(jiān)nespringmorningIwasonthebushomefrom___23___.Testsandlonghoursinlabshad___24___meexhausted.Asotherstudentsweremetattheirstops,Ilookedsilentlyoutofthewindow.Finally,thebuscametoastopatmydestination,andI____25____.carryingmysuitcasetobeginthelongjourneyhome.Therowofprivethedge(樹籬)cameinto____26____whichlinedthedrivewaythatclimbedthehilltoourhouse.Istoppedtoputabookinthesuitcase.WhenIstoodup,Isawsomethinggray____27____alongthetopofthehedgetowardthehouse.Itwasthetopofmyfather’shead.I____28____then,eachtimeIcamehome,hewouldstandbehindthehedge,watching.____29____heknewIhadarrivedsafely.Iheldbackmytears.Hedidcare.____30____.Uponreachinghome,Ifoundmyfatherinnocentlyinhischair.”So!It’syou!”hesaid,hisfacelengtheningintosurprise.16.A.aware B.certain C.surprised D.excited17.A.trouble B.suggestion C.attempt D.plan18.A.strengthen B.soften C.take D.show19.A.neither B.each C.all D.none20.A.especially B.only C.even D.once21.A.refused B.complained C.cried D.intended22.A.strangest B.lowest C.scariest D.softest23.A.work B.home C.town D.college24.A.led B.made C.found D.proved25.A.steppedoff B.wentoff C.jumpedon D.climbedon26.A.mind B.view C.flower D.leaf27.A.shining B.flying C.failing D.moving28.A.supposed B.thought C.imagined D.realized29.A.since B.after C.until D.though30.A.afterall B.aboveall C.inadvance D.intotal【答案】16.A17.C18.B19.D20.C21.B22.C23.D24.B25.A26.B27.D28.D29.C30.A【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的父親一直對子女很嚴厲。向他要零花錢，他不給，讓自己掙。長大后，作者回家，他從不出來接。有一次，作者回家時，不經(jīng)意地發(fā)現(xiàn)了父親的秘密。這時，作者才明白，其實父親很關心自己，只是他有他自己關心的方式?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我們孩子們知道其他孩子從父母那里得到零錢時，我們試圖向父親要一些錢。A.aware知道的；B.certain必然的；C.surprised吃驚的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)下文otherchildrengotpocketmoneyfromtheirparents,wemadea(n)______toaskourfatherforsome.可知，我們知道其他孩子有父母給的零花錢。故選A。【17題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.trouble麻煩；B.suggestion建議；C.attempt試圖；D.plan計劃。根據(jù)下文“askourfatherforsome”可知，我們嘗試向父親要一些錢。makeanattempttodo意為“想做……，企圖做……”，故選C。【18題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我們長大成人后，他的態(tài)度也沒有軟化。A.strengthen加強；B.soften變軟；C.take拿；D.show展示。根據(jù)下文“wehadtorideabuswheneverwecamehome”可知，我們長大成人以后，父親的態(tài)度還是強硬的，沒有“變軟”。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：有一段時間我們沒有任有車，因此無論我們什么時候回家，我們必須乘坐公共汽車。A.neither兩者都不；B.each每個；C.all所有，都；D.none沒有。根據(jù)下文“sowehadtorideabus”可知，此處是指作者家當時都沒車，所以選A、D項；再由6空后的“andmybrothersdidalot”可知，我們是三者以上，因此用none，不用neither。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然公共汽車在離家大約兩英里的地方停下來，但是甚至天氣不好，父親也從不來接我們。A.especially尤其；B.only只，只是；B.even甚至；D.once曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)上文“Dadnevermetus”可知，父親對作者和哥哥們非常嚴厲，因此推斷甚至不好的天氣，父親也不來接作者和哥哥們。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果有人抱怨（我哥哥們總是這么做），他總是用他讓人害怕的父親的聲音說。A.refused拒絕；B.complained抱怨；C.cried哭；D.intended打算。根據(jù)上文“Dadnevermetus”可知，父親從不接我們，作者和哥哥們難免抱怨。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.strangest最奇怪的；B.lowest最低的；C.scariest引起恐懼的，怕人的；D.softest最柔弱的，最輕柔的。由文章可知，作者的父親很嚴厲，所以他的聲音應該是讓人害怕的。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個春天的上午，我坐公共汽車從大學回家。A.work工作；B.home家；C.town城鎮(zhèn)；D.college大學。由該空后的“Testsandlonghoursinlabs”可知，作者上了大學，一直待在實驗室里。應該選college大學。故填D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：測試和數(shù)小時待在實驗室里讓我筋疲力盡。A.led帶領；B.made制作；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.proved證明。makemeexhausted讓我精疲力竭。其他選項構不成該搭配。根據(jù)前文“Testsandlonghoursinlabs”也可推出，考試和數(shù)小時的實驗室試驗會讓人疲憊不堪。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我下了車，提著我的手提箱開始回家的長途旅行。A.steppedoff下車；B.wentoff離開；C.jumpedon跳上D.climbedon爬上。根據(jù)前文“thebuscametoastopatmydestination”可知，車到了目的地，作者要下車。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一排女貞樹籬映入眼簾，這排樹籬排列在爬上山就能到我家的車道兩邊。A.mind思想；B.view觀點；C.flower花；D.leaf樹葉。comeintoview被看見；comeintomind記起，想起。根據(jù)前文“Therowofprivethedge”可知作者走在路上看到了路兩邊的樹籬。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我站起來時，我看到一個黑影沿著樹籬回了家。A.shining閃爍；B.flying飛；C.failing失?。籇.moving移動。根據(jù)下文“Itwasthetopofmyfather’shead.”可知，這個黑影是父親，因此父親沿著樹籬向家走去。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我“意識到”每次我回家時，他就會站在樹籬后一直看到我平安抵達。A.supposed認為；B.thought想；C.imagined想象；D.realized意識到。根據(jù)上文可知，作者在回家的路上看到了父親，這讓作者意識到父親每次回家都會站在樹籬后面看著作者。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.since自從；B.after在……后面，C.until直到；D.though雖然。根據(jù)前文“hewouldstandbehindthehedge,watching.”可知，父親看著作者直到作者平安到家。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：畢竟，父親還是很在意我們的。A.afterall畢竟，別忘了；B.aboveall最重要的是；C.inadvance提前；D.intotal全部，一共。根據(jù)前文“hewouldstandbehindthehedge,watching.”可知，父親每次都會躲在樹籬后面看著作者直到作者平安到家，因此推斷，畢竟父親也是在乎作者和哥哥的。故選A。第二部分：閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AYoucanchoosehappinessregardlessofyourcircumstances.Youcanchoosetobehappynomatterwhatchallengeslifebringsyou.Letthefollowingsimplestrategiesguideyoubacktoyournaturalhappystate.Makelemonadewhenlifegivesyoulemons.Besideshappiness,troublewillalsobepartoflife.It’showyouchoosetoreacttoyoursituationsthatmakethedifference.Ifyoulookatsomethinghardenough,you’llseethepositivesideofit.Dowhatyoulovedoing.Doyouhavealifelongdreamordesire?Ifso,startworkingtowardsit.Takingbabystepstowardsagoalwillhelpyoufeellikeyou’reaccomplishingsomething.You’llfinddriveanddeterminationtoreachthatgoalwhenit’ssomethingyoulovedoing.Useoneofyourtalents.Onereasonwhysomanypeopleareunhappyisthatthey’renotdoingwhatthey’recalledtodowiththeirGod-giventalents.Eachofushasapurposeinlife.Youhavenaturaltalentstohelpyouachieveyourpurpose,souseyourtalentseffectively.Callafriendwhoyouknowispositiveandcheerful.Talkaboutyourfeelingsandlistentotheiradvice.Usually,peopleallowthemselvestogodeeperanddeeperintoself-depression.Thetruthisthatyoudon’thavetobesad.Youcandecidetobehappy.Youjusthavetomakeupyourmindtodoso.Gratitudeisthequickestcureforsadness.Whenyoufocusonwhat’swrongwithyourlife,youforgettolookatwhat’srightandgood.Takeastepbackandreflectonyourlife.Doyouhavechildrenorfamilytobethankfulfor?Yes,theymaynotbethepersonwe’dlikethemtobe,butimaginelifewithoutthem.Now,bethankfulthatyouhavetheminyourlife.Letyourfeelingsoutonpaper.Oftenyou’llfindthatjustgettingyourfeelingsdownonpaperwillallowyoutoworkthroughthem,helpingyoufeelbetteraboutyourselfandyourbeautifullife!31.Thefirstparagraphisusedto_______.A.expectreaderstoignorethemselvesB.startadiscussionamongreadersC.introducethetopictoreadersD.carryoutachallengeamongreaders32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that_______.A.troubleispartoflifeB.lemonadeisverydeliciousC.lifeisfullofsweetnessandbitternessD.lemonscanonlybeusedtomakelemonade33.Theunderlinedword“God-given”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto“_______”.A.diverse B.naturalC.excellent D.learned34.WhichofthefollowingstrategiesisNOTmentionedinthispassage?A.Begrateful. B.Domanyactivities.C.Callacheerfulfriend. D.Useoneofyourtalents.35.Theauthorwritesthepassagefor_______people.A.excited B.depressedC.bad-tempered D.kind-hearted【答案】31.C32.C33.B34.B35.B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了六種讓你找回自然快樂狀態(tài)的辦法?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段最后一句Letthefollowingsimplestrategiesguideyoubacktoyournaturalhappystate.(讓下面幾個簡單的策略指引你找到自然快樂狀態(tài))可知，本段是為了引出話題。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Besideshappiness,troublewillalsobepartoflife.(除了快樂之外，麻煩也是生活的一部分)可知，生活中既有快樂也有困難。因此C選項lifeisfullofsweetnessandbitterness(生活充滿甜蜜和苦澀)正確。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段中后句Youhavenaturaltalentstohelpyouachieveyourpurpose,souseyourtalentseffectively.(你有天生的才華幫助你實現(xiàn)你的目的，因此有效地利用你的才華吧)可知，這里的God-giventalents指的應該就是naturaltalents“天生的才華”。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章介紹了六種讓你找回自然快樂狀態(tài)的辦法：Makelemonadewhenlifegivesyoulemons.(既來之,則安之)，Dowhatyoulovedoing.(做你喜歡做的)，Useoneofyourtalents.(使用你的才華)，Callafriendwhoyouknowispositiveandcheerful.(給你認識的積極樂觀的朋友打電話)，Gratitudeisthequickestcureforsadness.(感恩是治療悲傷最快的方法)，Letyourfeelingsoutonpaper.(把你的心情寫在紙上)。由此可知，四個選項中只有B項沒有提到。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要是介紹了六種讓你找回自然快樂狀態(tài)的辦法。因此這篇文章是針對沮喪，心情低落的人(depressed)所寫。A.excited興奮的；C.bad-tempered壞脾氣的；D.kind-hearted好心的，這三個選項均不符合。故選B。BManypeoplearoundmemakeadifferencetotheworldonadailybas—beingkindinunexpectedwaysandsharingthegenerosityoftheirliveswithothers.I,likemanyofthem,volunteersomeofmytimeinordertogivebackjustalittleofwhatIamsoblessedtohave.IvolunteeredtogotoGuatemalawithaneyeglassteamfromInternationalReliefTeams—anorganizationIhavesupportedinotherwaysformanyyears.OurteamwenttoasmalltowninGuatemala,SanAugustin.Wesetupourtablesandpackagesofpre-madeglassesinthedirtycourtyardofaclinic,putuptheSnellenchart(aneyechart)onawall,andbeganourwork.Youngandoldpeoplecamefrommanyofthesurroundingtowns.Mosthadneverreceivedaneyeexambefore.Theywaitedforhourspatientlyinthesun,nevercomplaining.Ifwecouldhelpthemout,theirthankfulnessforasimplepairofglasseswasoverwhelming.Someonlyleftwitheyedropsorsunglasses,andeventhesepeopleexpressedtheirgratitudesincerely.Allofthemwereverygenerouswithblessingsandsmiles.Weheardoverandoverfrompeoplewhoknewtheireyesneededhelpbuttheyhadnotgonetoadoctorbecauseitwastooexpensive,orhadnotgottheglassestheyneededforthesamereason.It’ssoeasytooverlookhowmuchdifferencethevolunteers’smallactionscanmaketothelivesofpeopleinGuatemala.Theglassesinmycountryaresoeasilyavailable,buttopeopleinGuatemala,theyarenot.Asthosewhocouldgivethemahand,wewatchedtheirliveschange.Whatagiftsightis—andwhatadifferencebeingabletoseeclearlymakes!Here,we’dlikeyoutojoinusandtakeactiontohelppeopleinneed.Andeveryday,thoseactionschangelives.Noactionistoosmall;noactioniseverwasted.36.AccordingtoParagraph1,theauthorisprobably________.A.amajorhostofgooddeedsB.asponsorofaneyeglassteamC.agenerousneighborinhiscommunityD.asupporterofInternationalReliefTeams37.Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteersintheeyeglassteam?A.Theirworkingenvironmentissimple.B.Theyaremedicalexpertsnationwide.C.Theirinitialpreparationisinadequate.D.TheyhaveservedpeopleinGuatemalaforyears.38.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribemostpeopleinGuatemala?A.Kindandhelpful. B.Poorbutgrateful.C.Considerateandpatient. D.Knowledgeablebutunhealthy.39.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Don’tlookdownuponthoselessfortunate.D.Don’ttakewhatyouhavetodayforgranted.40.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Tourgepeopletoprotecttheireyes.B.ToaskpeopletovolunteerinGuatemala.C.Tocallonpeopletodogooddeedsindailylife.D.ToshowthedifficultlifeofpeopleinGuatemala.【答案】36.D37.A38.B39.D40.C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者志愿加入國際救援小組的眼鏡隊，團結隊友去幫助別人，為世界貢獻出自己的一份力量并號召人們在日常生活中也做好事?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段的IvolunteeredtogotoGuatemalawithaneyeglassteamfromInternationalReliefTeams—anorganizationIhavesupportedinotherwaysformanyyears.(我自愿和國際救援隊的眼鏡隊一起去危地馬拉，多年來我一直以其他方式支持這個組織)可知，作者是國際救援隊的支持者。故選D項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段的Wesetupourtablesandpackagesofpremadeglassesinthedirtycourtyardofaclinic,putuptheSnellenchart(aneyechart)onawall,andbeganourwork.(我們在一家診所臟兮兮的院子里擺好桌子和一包事先準備好的眼鏡，把斯內倫圖（一個視力檢查表）掛在墻上，開始工作)可推斷出，眼鏡隊志愿者的工作環(huán)境很簡陋。故選A項?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段的Someonlyleftwitheyedropsorsunglasses,andeventhesepeopleexpressedtheirgratitudesincerely.(有些人只留下了眼藥水或太陽鏡，甚至這些人也真誠地表達了他們的感激之情)和第三段的最后一句Weheardoverandoverfrompeoplewhoknewtheireyesneededhelpbuttheyhadnotgonetoadoctorbecauseitwastooexpensive,orhadnotgottheglassestheyneededforthesamereason.(我們一遍又一遍地從那些知道眼睛需要幫助的人那里聽到消息，但他們沒有去看醫(yī)生，因為太貴了，或者因為同樣的原因沒有得到他們需要的眼鏡)可推斷出，Guatemala的人雖貧窮但很感恩。故選B項?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段的It’ssoeasytooverlookhowmuchdifferencethevolunteers’smallactionscanmaketothelivesofpeopleinGuatemala.Theglassesinmycountryaresoeasilyavailable,buttopeopleinGuatemala,theyarenot.(人們很容易忽視志愿者的小行動對危地馬拉人民生活的影響。我國的眼鏡很容易買到，但對危地馬拉人來說，不是)可知，不是人人都能有眼鏡，由此推斷出“不要把你今天所擁有的視為理所當然”。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段的Here,we’dlikeyoutojoinusandtakeactiontohelppeopleinneed.(在這里，我們希望你加入我們，采取行動幫助有需要的人)可推斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是號召人們在日常生活中做好事。故選C項。CManyparentsworrythatshowingnegativeemotionsinfrontoftheirchildrenwillcausethemtosuffer.Forexample,childrenmayendupthinkingit’stheirfaultorsimply"catch"theemotion.Indeed,thisworryhasasoundbasis—thephenomenonof“emotionalcontagion"（情緒感染）isreal,andonerecentstudyfoundthatparentscantransfertheirfearofgoingtothedentist,forexample,totheirchildren.Ontheotherhand,thereisthenaturalideathatweshould“bereal"withourchildren,andthattheywillbenefitfromwatchingaparentwhostrugglesandeventuallydealswiththeirnegativeemotionslikeanyotherhumanbeing.Therearethreeconceptstoconsiderwhenitcomestoemotionaldisplayinfrontofchildren:suppression（壓抑），"uncontained"expression,andtalkingaboutemotions.Suppressionofemotioniswhenyouhidetheoutwardsignsofanemotion.Unfortunately,itdoesn’tworkverywell—theactofsuppressingyouremotionactuallyincreasesyourbloodpressure.Observerscanpickuponyourdistressdespiteyoureffortstohideit,makingthemfeelstressed.Therecentresearchhasalsofoundthatwhenparentsfeelnegativeemotionsandkeepthemfromtheirchildren,theyexperiencelowerrelationshipqualityanddecreasedresponsivenesstotheirchild’sneeds.Ontheotherhand,“uncontained"expressionofangerandsadnessbytheparentisalsonotsalutaryforthechild.Uncontainedmeanshighintensityemotion,withnoattemptstoregulateortakeownershipofit.Shouting,smashing（摔）thingsandblamingsomeoneelsefor"makingyouangry"areallexampleofthis.So,whatisthemiddleground?Thatwouldbetalkingaboutemotiontakingownershipofthemandshowingyourchildthatyouaretryingtodealwiththem.Classicresearchfoundthatsix-year-oldkidshadbetteremotionalunderstandingandperspective-takingskillsiftheirmothershadtalkedtothemabouttheiremotionsattheageofthree.Infact,themorethemothershadtalked,thebettertheoutcomewouldbe.Sonexttimeyoufeelsad,angryorfrustratedandyourchildiswatchingyouexpressingemotion,doexplainwhat’sgoingonintermstheycanunderstand.41.Theauthorusestheexampleofgoingtothedentistmainlyto_______.A.explainparents’commonfearB.introducethetopicofnegativeemotionsC.showchildrenmaycatchparents’emotionsD.presenttheconsequencesoftransferringnegativeemotions42.Ifamothersuppresses（(壓抑)）heremotions,.A.shewillnotmakeherkidsfeelstressedB.shecanhideheremotionsfromherkidsC.shewilloftenshoutatherkidsfornoreasonsD.shecan’trespondeffectivelytoherkids’needs43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"salutary"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Enough. B.Beneficial.C.Necessary. D.Reliable.44.Whatistheauthor’sintentionofwritingthistext?A.Toencourageparentsto"bereal"withourchildren.B.Tocallonparentstodevelopapositiveattitudetolife.C.Toinformparentsoftheconsequencesofnegativeemotions.D.Torecommendparentstotalkaboutnegativeemotionswithchildren.45.What’sthestructureofthetext?A. B.C. D.【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.D45.B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了許多父母擔心在孩子面前表現(xiàn)出負面情緒會讓孩子痛苦。研究表明這種擔憂——“情緒傳染”現(xiàn)象是真實存在的。但是父母應該真實地對待孩子，孩子可以處理這種負面情緒?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Indeed,thisworryhasasoundbasis—thephenomenonof“emotionalcontagion"（情緒感染）isreal,andonerecentstudyfoundthatparentscantransfertheirfearofgoingtothedentist,forexample,totheirchildren.(事實上，這種擔心有堅實的基礎——“情緒傳染”現(xiàn)象是真實的，最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，例如，父母可以把他們去看牙醫(yī)的恐懼轉移給孩子。)可推斷，作者使用看牙醫(yī)的例子是為了說明孩子可以感染父母的情緒。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Suppressionofemotioniswhenyouhidetheoutwardsignsofanemotion.Unfortunately,itdoesn’tworkverywell—theactofsuppressingyouremotionactuallyincreasesyourbloodpressure.(抑制情緒是你隱藏情緒的外在跡象的時候，不幸的是，它不能很好地起作用——抑制你的情緒實際上會增加你的血壓。)可推斷，如果一個母親壓抑她的情緒，她就不能有效地對孩子的需求做出反應。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文Uncontainedmeanshighintensityemotion,withnoattemptstoregulateortakeownershipofit.Shouting,smashing（摔）thingsandblamingsomeoneelsefor"makingyouangry"areallexampleofthis.(不包含意味著強烈的情緒，沒有試圖調整或擁有它。喊，砸東西和指責別人“讓你生氣”都是這方面的例子。)可推斷，劃線句表示：父母“不受約束”地表達憤怒和悲傷對孩子無益的。故劃線詞詞義是：受益的。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Sonexttimeyoufeelsad,angryorfrustratedandyourchildiswatchingyouexpressingemotion,doexplainwhat’sgoingonintermstheycanunderstand.(因此，下次當你感到悲傷、憤怒或沮喪，而你的孩子正在看著你表達情感時，請用他們能理解的術語解釋發(fā)生了什么。)可推斷，作者寫這篇文章的目的是推薦家長與孩子談論負面情緒。故選D。【45題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，一、二段闡述最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，父母可以把他們的情緒轉移給孩子。三、四、五段闡述父母的情緒對孩子的影響，與孩子談論情緒，找到中間地帶；最后一段提出建議。故選B。第II卷非選擇題(滿分25分)第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀表達GrowingupinSaudiArabia,44-year-oldphotographerJodyMacDonaldhasalwayshadastronginterestinthedesert.“IhavealwayswantedtospendsometimeintheSahara,”MacDonaldsaid.“TherearestillsomanyunexploredareasintheSaharaDesert.Theserelativelyunexploredplacesaresorarethesedaysandholdtheveryfundamentalsofexploration,whichattractme.SofinallyImadethejourney.”MacDonaldstartedherjourneyinMauritania’scapitalcityNouakchott,andheadedinlandwheresheandherteamjumpedontheworld’slongestcargotrain(貨運列車)fora435-milejourneyontheMauritaniaRailway.“Thetrainwasdirtyanduncomfortablebutitwassuchaninterestinganduniquewaytotravelthroughthevastdesertbytrain,”saidMacDonald.MacDonaldandhergrouphadtofacemanychallengesontheirjourney.Exceptforthedirtanddiscomfort,thetravelersalsohadtodealwiththeintenseheat,violentwindsandevendangeroussandstorms.“Iwasouttakingphotographsandwithinminutes,thewindincreasedtomorethan100milesanhour,”MacDonaldsaid.“Ithoughtmyskinwasgoingtobetornoffbecauseoftherainandblowingsand.Itfeltlikesandpaperonmyskin.Ihaveneverexperiencedwindsthatstrongbefore.TherewasonceatimewhenIwantedtogiveup.”Shedealtwiththeharsh(惡劣的)conditionsbytryingnottotravelinthemiddleofthedayandworeheadscarvestoprotectherselffromthesunandblowingsand.“Theweatherdefinitelydictateswhenandwhereyoutravel,”saidMacDonald.Evenwithallthechallenges,thephotographermanagedtorecordamazingimagesofthebeautifulbutharshlandscapesofMauritania,anditsfascinatingculturesandcommunities.46.WhydidMacDonaldtourtheSahara?(nomorethan10words)47.HowdidMacDonaldfeelonthecargotrain?(nomorethan5words)48.WhydidMacDonaldoncedecidetogiveupherjourney?(nomorethan10words)49.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphmean?(1word)50.HowdoesMacDonald’sstoryinspireyouinlife?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)【答案】46.BecausemanyunexploredplacesintheSaharaDesertattractedher.47.Shefeltdirtyanduncomfortable.48.Becausetheweatherconditionsareharsh.49.Decides/Determines.50.MacDonald’spiritofbravelyovercomingdifficultiesinspiresme.Iwillfacethedifficultiesinlifeandmanagetoovercomethem.【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了攝影師MacDonald克服各種挑戰(zhàn)，實現(xiàn)了自己探索撒哈拉沙漠的夢想?！?6題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中“TherearestillsomanyunexploredareasintheSaharaDesert.Theserelativelyunexploredplacesaresorarethesedaysandholdtheveryfundamentalsofexploration,whichattractme.SofinallyImadethejourney.(撒哈拉沙漠還有很多未開發(fā)的地區(qū)。這些相對未被探索的地方如今是如此罕見，并且蘊含著探索的基本原理，這吸引了我。所以我終于踏上了旅程。)”可知，撒哈拉沙漠有很多未被探索的地方，這吸引著MacDonald，所以她要去撒哈拉沙漠旅行，故答案為BecausemanyunexploredareasintheSaharaDesertattractedher.【47題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中““Thetrainwasdirtyanduncomfortable(火車既臟又不舒服)”可知，MacDonald感覺火車很臟而且還很不舒服，故答案為Shefeltdirtyanduncomfortable.【48題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中““Ithoughtmyskinwasgoingtobetornoffbecauseoftherainandblowingsand.Itfeltlikesandpaperonmyskin.Ihaveneverexperiencedwindsthatstrongbefore.TherewasonceatimewhenIwantedtogiveup.”(“我以為我的皮膚會因為下雨和吹沙子而被扯掉，感覺就像砂紙在我的皮膚上摩擦一樣。我從來沒有經(jīng)歷過這么大的風。曾經(jīng)有一段時間，我想要放棄?！?”可知，惡劣的天氣使作者曾經(jīng)想放棄她的旅程，故答案為Becausetheweatherconditionsareharsh.【49題詳解】考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Shedealtwiththeharsh(惡劣的)conditionsbytryingnottotravelinthemiddleofthedayandworeheadscarvestoprotectherselffromthesunandblowingsand.(為了應對惡劣的環(huán)境，她盡量不在中午出門，并戴上頭巾以防太陽和風沙侵襲。)”可知，惡劣的天氣環(huán)境決定了她們的出行時間，結合畫線單詞上下文““Theweatherdefinitelydictateswhenandwhereyoutravel,”saidMacDonald(MacDonald說:“天氣肯定會......你旅行的時間和地點?！?”可知，劃線單詞“dictates”意思為“決定”，故答案為Decide/Determine.【50題詳解】開放題，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“Evenwithallthechallenges,thephotographermanagedtorecordamazingimagesofthebeautifulbutharshlandscapesofMauritania,anditsfascinatingculturesandcommunities.(盡管面臨種種挑戰(zhàn)，攝影師還設法拍下了毛里塔尼亞美麗而嚴酷的風景，以及迷人的文化和社區(qū)。)”