焊縫檢驗規(guī)程3-無損檢測工藝規(guī)程(磁粉檢驗)

焊縫檢驗規(guī)程3-無損檢測工藝規(guī)程(磁粉檢驗)******Co.,Ltd. 焊縫檢驗規(guī)程 3 Rev.:0 Page:1of7Title:PROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATION磁粉檢驗操作工藝規(guī)程CONTROLLED 在控本□UNCONTROLLED 非在控本□COPYNO 副本編號：PREPAREDBY編制： DATE日期：REVIEWEDBY 審核： DATE日期：APPROVEDBY 批準(zhǔn)： DATE日期：******Co.,Ltd. 焊縫檢驗規(guī)程 3 Rev.:0 Page:2of7Title:PROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATIONDEMONSTRATIONCERTIFICATIONThisisto certify that this procedure has beendemonstratedonatest specimenwith known defectstothesatisfactionoftheAuthorizedInspectoraccordingtoT-150ofASMECodeSection,VasrequiredbyAppendix6ofSectionⅧDiv.1.TestSpecimenNo.:Demo.ReportNo.:NDELevelⅢ:AI:******Co.,Ltd.焊縫檢驗規(guī)程3Rev.:0Page:3of7Title:PROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATION1.General1.概述1.1ThisprocedureisappliedtothemagneticparticleexaminationofferromagneticmaterialsandweldsforASME1.1本規(guī)程適用Codeitems.1.2Themagneticparticleexaminationmethodissuitablefor于ASME規(guī)范產(chǎn)品detectingcracksandotherdiscontinuitiesonornearthesurfaceinferromagneticmaterials.1.3Thisprocedureisappliedtowetcontinuousmagnetization鐵磁性材料和焊縫byyoke,whichshallonlybeappliedtodetectdiscontinuitiesthatareopentothesurfaceofthepart.1.4Thisprocedureshallbedemonstratedtothesatisfactionof的磁粉檢驗。theAIpriortoimplementation.1.2磁粉檢驗方法2.Personnel2.1TheNDEpersonnelwhoengageinmagneticparticle適用于在鐵磁性材examinationshallbequalifiedandcertifiedaccordingto******Co.,Ltd.’“sWrittenPracticeforNDEPersonnel料表面或其附近探Training,Examination,Qualification&Certification”(No.:QCD-011).測裂紋和其它不均3.DescriptionofMethod3.1Inprinciple,themagneticparticleexaminationmethod勻性缺陷。involvesmagnetizinganareatobeexamined,andapplyingferromagneticparticlestothesurface.Theparticleswillform1.3本規(guī)程適用于pattermsonthesurfacewherecracksorotherdiscontinutiescausedistortionsinthenormalmagneticfield.Thesepatterns磁軛濕粉連續(xù)磁化areusuallycharacteristicofthetypeofdiscontinuitythatisdetected.法技術(shù)。此法僅適3.2Thesensitivityofthemagneticparticleexaminationisgreatestforsurfacediscontinuitiesanddiminishesrapidlywithincreasingdepthofdiscontinuitiesbelowthesurface.用于檢出工件表面Therefore,thismethodcanonlybeusedfordetectingthe開口缺陷。discontinuitiesonornearthesurfaceofthematerialorpartstobetested.1.4本規(guī)程在執(zhí)行4.MagnetizationEquipmentandCalibration4.1TheMTequipmenttobeusedisYoke,withTypeCDX-4.之前須通過演示，4.2CalibrationofEquipment4.2.1Frequencyofcalibration:使AI審查滿意。EachMagnetizingEquipmentwithanammetershallbecalibratedatleastonceayear，orwhenevertheequipmenthas2.人員beensubjectedtoamajorelectricrepair,periodicoverhaulordamage.Ifequipmenthasnotbeeninuseforayearormore,2.1從事磁粉檢驗calibratioonshallbedonepriortofirstuse.4.2.2CalibrationforliftingpoweroftheYoke的NDE人員必須Theliftingpowerwillbecalibratedwiththemethodsofliftingastandardweightcake.Eachalternating-current是根據(jù)南京寶色鈦electromagneticyokeshallhavealiftingpowerofatleast10lb(44N).atthemaximumpolespacing.Eachdirect-current業(yè)有限公司<<NDEelectromagneticyokeshallhavealiftingpowerofatleast40lb(177N).atthemaximumpolespacing.人員培訓(xùn)，考試，5.ExaminationMedium5.1Theexaminationmediumshallbethefinelydivided資格鑒定和認(rèn)證實施細(xì)則>>(資料號：QCD-011)進(jìn)行考試和資格任命的合格人員。方法綜述3.1原則上，磁粉檢驗方法是指在工件受檢區(qū)域表面施加鐵磁粉，裂紋或其它缺陷會導(dǎo)致正常磁場畸變，使表面上的磁粉形成一定圖形，這些圖形通常是探測到的缺陷特征。3.2磁粉檢驗法的靈敏度以表面缺陷處為最高，并隨離表面深度的增加而迅速降低；因此，本方法僅適用于檢驗材料或部件的表面或近表面缺陷。磁化設(shè)備校驗4.1MT設(shè)備采用CDX-4型磁軛式探傷儀。4.2設(shè)備校驗校驗周期：每一帶電流表的磁化設(shè)備至少應(yīng)每年校驗一次；設(shè)備進(jìn)行過重要電源修理，周期大修或損壞時，必須得到校驗。如果設(shè)備已一年或一年以上未使用，則在第一次使用之前必須校驗。磁軛提升力的校驗提升力用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)重塊提升法來校驗。交流電磁軛提升力至 少 為10lb(44N)(最大磁軛間距);直流電磁軛提升力至少為40lb(177N)( 最大磁軛間距)。5.檢驗介質(zhì)******Co.,Ltd. 焊縫檢驗規(guī)程 3 Rev.:0 Page:4of7Title:PROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATIONferromagneticparticleswhichhavehighpermeabilityandlow5.1檢驗介質(zhì)是具retentivity.Thesizeandshapeofthemagneticparticlesshallbesuitableforformingmagneticparticleindications.5.2TheblackmagneticparticlesHK-1-400or350,madeby 有高導(dǎo)磁率和低頑yixinCitongCoLtd.,shallbeused.5.3Thefluidmediumforthemagneticsuspensionfluidshall磁性的細(xì)鐵磁粉，be transformer oil, smellesskeroseneor water. Thetemperatureofthewetparticlesuspensionandthesurfaceof其尺寸和形狀必須00thepartshallnotexceed135F(57C).易于形成磁粉顯5.4Concentrationofwetmagneticparticlesuspensions5.4.1Theinitialbathconcentrationofsuspendedmagnetic示。particlesshouldbeasspecifiedofasrecommendedbythemanufacturerandshouldbecheckedbysettlingvolume5.2應(yīng)使用宜興磁measurementsandmaintainedatthespecifiedconcentrationonadailybasis.Iftheconcentrationisnotmaintained通探傷材料公司生properly,testresultscanvarygreatly.5.4.2Thebathconcentrationshallbemaintainedwithin1.2to產(chǎn)的黑磁粉2.4mlper100mlofvehiclefornonfluorescentparticlesunlessotherwisespecifiedbytheparticlemanufacturer.HK-1-400或350。5.4.3BathconcentrationisnormallydeterminedbymeasuringitssettingvolumethroughtheuseofanASTM5.3磁懸液的液體Pear-shapedcentrifugetubewitha1.5-mlstem(0.1-mldivisions)fornonfluorescentsuspensions.Beforesampling,runthesuspensionthroughtherecirculatingsystemforatleast介質(zhì)必須是變壓器30-mintoassurethoroughmixingofallparticleswhichcould油、無味煤油或水。havesettledonthesumpscreenandalongthesidesorbottomofthetank.Takea100-mLportionofthesuspensionfromthe磁懸液的溫度和工hoseornozzleandallowittosettleforapproximately30min.Thevolumesettlingoutatthebottomofthetubeisindicativeoftheparticleconcentrationinthebath.Ifthebath件表面溫度均不得concentrationislowinparticlecontent,addasufficientamountofparticlematerialstoobtainthedesiredconcentration.Ifthesuspensionishighinparticlecontent,add超過1350Fsufficientvehicletoobtainthedesiredconcentration.(570C)。5.4.4Ifthesettledparticlesappeartobelooseagglomeratesratherthanasolidlayer,takeasecondsample.Ifstill5.4濕磁粉懸浮液agglomerated,theparticlesmayhavebecomemagnetized,replacethesuspension.的濃度6.MagnetizationProcedure6.1YokeTechnique5.4.1磁懸液濃度6.1.1Thedirect,alternatingcurrentelectromagneticyokesorpermanentmagnetyokesshallbeusedforlocalized應(yīng)按制造廠推薦，magnetizationtoformalongitudinalmagneticfield.6.1.2Thealternatingcurrentelectromagneticyokeshallhave用沉淀量值驗證，aliftingpowerofatleast10lb.(4.5kg)atmaximumpolespacing.Thedirectcurrentelectromagneticyokeshallhave務(wù)使日常濃度一aliftingpowerofatleast40lb.(18.1kg)atthemaximumpolespacing.定。濃度不當(dāng)，會6.1.3Thefieldstrengthofyokescanbeempiricallydetermined大大影響探傷結(jié)果。5.4.2除制造廠另有規(guī)定外，非熒光磁粉懸浮液濃度應(yīng)為每100ml1.2-2.4ml的水平。5.4.3槽中磁懸液濃度通常是用ASTM的梨形離心管測定其沉淀值來確定的，對非熒光磁粉懸液為1.5ml芯柱(0.1ml刻度)的沉淀柱；在取樣以前，將懸浮液在再循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中至少流動30分鐘，以保證所有磁粉的完全混合，否則磁粉可能在油盤濾網(wǎng)和沿槽的壁或底沉淀下來，從軟管或管嘴取100ml懸浮液并使它沉淀大約30分鐘，大管底沉淀的體積是槽液磁粉濃度指示值；假如磁懸液中磁粉濃度大低，加足夠量的磁粉以獲得所需濃度；假如磁懸液中磁粉濃度大高，則加足夠的液體介質(zhì)以獲得所需濃度。假如沉淀磁粉表現(xiàn)為松散的團(tuán)塊，而不是緊密的敷層，則應(yīng)作第二次取樣試驗，如果還是團(tuán)塊，說明磁粉可能已被磁化，這時需更換懸浮液。磁化過程6.1磁軛法可采用直流的、交流的電磁軛或永久磁軛、來磁化一個局部區(qū)域、形成一個縱向磁場。交流電磁軛的提升力應(yīng)至少在兩極間距離最大時為10磅(4.5公斤)。6.1.3經(jīng)驗磁軛式磁場強度可測量它******Co.,Ltd.焊縫檢驗規(guī)程3Rev.:0Page:5of7Title:PROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATIONbymeasuringitsliftingpower.的提升力來確定。6.1.4Directionofmagnetization:Atleasttwoseparateexaminationsshallbecarriedoutoneacharea.Thesecondexaminationshallbewiththelinesofmagneticflux6.1.4根據(jù)經(jīng)驗磁軛式approximatelyperpendiculartothoseusedforthefirst磁場強度可測量它的examinationinthatarea.6.1.5Theareatobeexaminedshallberestrictedtothe提升力來確定。areawhichisequalto1/4maximumpolespacingonbothsidesofthelinethroughtwopoles.Thepolespacingshall6.1.4磁化方向atleasthave1in.(25mm)overlapeachtime.7.MagneticFieldStrength每一區(qū)域應(yīng)至少進(jìn)7.1Thespecialcarbonsteel/copperplatetypefieldindicatorisusedtoverifythatanadequatefieldstrength行兩次分別檢驗。在anddirectionforthesurfaceofpartisobtained.Iftheclearmagneticparticlepatternisshownonthecopperplatesideofthefieldindicator,itindicatesthatadequatefield第二次檢驗中，磁通strengthisobtained.線的方向應(yīng)大致與第8.ExaminationRequirements8.1SurfacePreparation一次檢驗區(qū)域所采用8.1.1Satisfactoryresultsareusuallyobtainedintheas-welded,as-rolled,as-cast,oras-forgedconditions.的方向相垂直。However,surfacepreparationbygrindingormachiningmaybenecessarywheresurfaceirregularitiescouldmask6.1.5受檢區(qū)域應(yīng)限indicationsduetodiscontinuities.8.1.2Priortomagneticparticleexamination,thesurface制在兩磁極連線的雙tobeexaminedandalladjacentareaswithinatleast1in.(25mm)shallbedryandfreeofalldirt,grease,lint,側(cè)，相當(dāng)于1/4最大磁scale,weldingfluxandspatter,oil,orotherextraneousmatterthatcouldinterferewiththeexamination.極間距的范圍內(nèi)，磁8.1.3Cleaningmaybeaccomplishedusingdetergents,organicsolvents,descalingsolution,paintremovers,vapordegreasing,sandorgritblasting,orultrasoniccleaning極間距每次至少有1methods.英寸（25毫米）的搭8.1.4Ifcoatingsareleftonthepartintheareabeingexamined,itmustbedemonstratedthatindicationscanbe接。detectedthroughtheexistingmaximumcoatingthicknessapplied.WhenACyoketechniqueisused,thedemonstrationmustbeinaccordancewithMandatory7.磁場強度ⅠⅤAppendixofArticle7ofASMECodeSection.8.2Unlessspecifiedonthedrawingsorothertechnical7.1使用專用的碳鋼/documentation,themagneticparticleexaminationshallbecarriedoutonthepartswithfinishedsurfacecondition,or銅板磁場指示器來校finished-machinedconditionandfinalheattreatmentcondition.驗零件表面的磁場強8.3Thesmallopening,slotsorholesinthepartscanbeblockedtopreventthemagneticparticlefromgettinginto.度和方向是否滿足要8.4Examinationshallbeconductedwithsufficientoverlap求。如果銅板邊有清晰的磁粉線條，則表明磁場強度是足夠的。8．檢驗要求8.1表面制備8.1.1經(jīng)焊接、軋制、鑄造、鍛造等加工的零件，一般會取得滿意的效果。然而，表面不平（不均勻）會掩飾缺陷的顯示，則這些地方要通過打磨或機加工進(jìn)行表面制備。8.1.2在磁粉檢驗之前，被檢驗的表面及其附近至少1英寸（25mm）的區(qū)域內(nèi)應(yīng)實干燥的，并且沒有任何污垢、纖維屑、銹皮、焊劑和焊接飛濺、油污或其他能妨礙檢驗的外來物?？墒褂萌ノ蹌⒂袡C溶劑、除繡劑、除繡液、去漆劑、蒸氣除油、噴沙或超聲波清洗等方法達(dá)到清潔的目的。如果在被檢驗部件表面存在漆層等覆蓋物，必須進(jìn)行演示實驗，使缺陷能透過覆蓋層最厚處顯示出來。使用磁軛法時，應(yīng)按ASME法規(guī)第Ⅴ卷第7章強制性附錄Ⅰ之要求，驗證涂層厚度的影響。8.2除非圖紙或其他技術(shù)文件中另有規(guī)定，任何零件均應(yīng)在完工的表面狀態(tài)，或最終機加工狀態(tài)，或最終熱處理狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行磁粉探傷。8.3零件上的小開口、槽或孔，應(yīng)在檢驗前堵塞好以防磁粉進(jìn)入。8.4檢驗時應(yīng)有足夠的重疊(至少10%)，保證受檢零件在規(guī)定的靈敏度下能得到100%的履蓋。******Co.,Ltd.焊縫檢驗規(guī)程3Rev.:0Page:6of7Title:PROCEDUREFORMAGNETICPARTICLEEXAMINATION(atleast10%)toassure100%coverageattheestablished8.5受檢工件上經(jīng)返sensitivity.8.5Therepairedareashallbereexaminedaccordingtothe修的區(qū)域，應(yīng)按原來originalexaminationprocedure.8.6Theintensityofthevisuallightatthesurfaceofthepart的檢驗程序重新檢/workpieceundergoingexaminationshallbeaminimumof50fc(500lx).9.Evaluationofindicationsandacceptancestandards驗。9.1EvaluationofindicationsIndicationswillberevealedbyretentionofmagnetic8.6受檢工件表面particles.Allsuchindicationsarenotnecessarilyimperfections,however,sinceexcessivesurfaceroughness,的觀察亮度必須至magneticpermeabilityvariations(suchasattheedgeofheataffectedzones),etc.,mayproducesimilarindications.少為50fc(500lx)。Anindicationistheevidenceofamechanicalimperfection.Onlyindicationswhichhaveanydimensiongreaterthan9.顯示評定及合格1/16in.(1.6mm)shallbeconsideredrelevant.a.Alinearindicationisonehavingalengthgreaterthan標(biāo)準(zhǔn)threetimesthewidth.b.Aroundedindicationisoneofcircularorellipticalshape9.1磁粉顯現(xiàn)評定withalenthequaltoorlessthanthreetimesthewidth.c.Anyquestionableordoubtfulindicationsshallbe磁粉保留一段時間reexaminedtodeterminewhetherornottheyarerelevant.d.Broadareasofparticleaccumulationwhichmightmask回顯示出磁線，并不indicationsfromdiscontinuitiesareprohibited,andsuchareasshallbecleanedandreexamined.是所有顯示出來的9.2Acceptancestandards(perAppendix6ofSectionⅧDiv.1)都是缺陷，因受檢表Theseacceptancestandardsshallapplyunlessothermorerestrictivestandardsarespecifiedforspecificmaterialsor面粗燥（如在熱影響applications.Allsurfacestobeexaminedshallbefreeof:區(qū)邊緣），導(dǎo)磁發(fā)生a.relevantlinearindications;b.relevantroundedindicationsgreaterthan3/16in.變化等原因，會產(chǎn)生(4.8mm);c.fourormorerelevantroundedindicationsinaline類似于缺陷的顯示。separatedby1/16in.(1.6mm)orless,edgetoedge;d.anindicationofanimperfectionmaybelargerthantheimperfectionthat