F.ScottFitzgerald美國文學(xué)菲斯杰拉德英文

弗·司各特·菲茨杰拉德

FrancisScottFitzgerald

（1896－1940)英語1006班王強(qiáng)張濤LifeandCareerMajorWorksFitzgeraldandtheJazzAgeTheAmericanDreamWritingStyle

MajorTopics

BorninSt.Paul,MinnesotaonSeptember24,1896HadanexpensiveeducationinprivateschoolsatPrinceton.Duetoillnessandneglectofacademicstudy,helefttheuniversityin1917withoutgraduation.Lifeandcareer

MarriedZeldaSayre,whoexertedastronginfluenceonhisliterarycareerandhispersonallife.Shewastheprototypeofaseriesofrich,beautifulwomenwhofigureprominentlyinhisfiction.Theyoungcouplefrequentlywentabroadandlivedextravagantlyaluxuriouslife.Tokeepearningenoughmoney,Fitzgeraldwroteshortstoriesandnovelsatarapidspeed.

Lifeandcareer

The1930sbroughtrelentlessdeclineforFitzgeraldwithaseriesofmisfortunes:hisreputationdeclined,hiswealthfell,hishealthfailed.Zeldahadsufferedfromsomeseriousmentalbreakdownswhichconfinedherinasanitarium(療養(yǎng)院)fortherestofherlife.Alcoholism,lonelinessanddespaircombinedtoruinFitzgerald.Hediedin1940ofaheartattack.Lifeandcareer

Majorworks

novelThisSideofParadise《天堂旳另一面》:Hisfirstnovel.Itwonforhimwealthandfame.TheBeautifulandDamned《漂亮冤家》又名《漂亮與消滅》TheGreatGatsby《了不起旳蓋茨比/長島春夢》:Hismasterpiece.ItmadehimoneofthegreatestAmericannovelists.TenderistheNight《夜色溫柔》.TheLastTycoon《最終旳大亨》:Hislastnovel.Itremainsunfinished.Majorworks

shortstories:FlappersandPhilosophers(1921)《時髦女和哲學(xué)家》TalesoftheJazzAge(1922)《爵士樂時代旳故事》AlltheSadYoungMan(1926)《一代悲痛旳年輕人》TapsatReveille(1935)《上午旳起床號》BabylonRevisited（1931）《重訪巴比倫》FitzgeraldandtheJazzAgeTheJazzAge:

Itreferstothe1920s,atimemarkedbyfrivolity(輕松快活),carelessness,hedonism(享樂主義)andexcitementinthelifeoftheflamingyouth.Fitzgeraldislargelyresponsibleforthetermandmanyofhisliteraryworksportrayit.TheJazzAgeisbroughtvividlytolifeinTheGreatGatsby.FitzgeraldandtheJazzAgeMostcriticshaveagreedthatFitzgeraldisbothaninsiderandanoutsideroftheJazzAge.Fitzgerald'sfictionalworldisthebestembodimentofthespiritoftheJazzAge,inwhichheshowsaparticularinterestintheupper-classsociety,especiallytheupper-classyoungpeople.FitzgeraldandtheAmericanDreamtheAmericanDreamisapopularbeliefthatpeoplecanachievesuccess,whetheritiswealth,fameorlovethroughhonesthardworkinginanewworldofliberty,equality,chancesandpromises.Fitzgerald'sfictionsoftendealwiththebankruptcyoftheAmericanDream,whichishighlightedbythedisillusionmentoftheprotagonists'personal

dreamsduetotheclashesbetweentheirromanticvisionoflifeandthesordidreality.Fitzgerald‘sownlifewasamirrorofthe1920s.Hewasthevictim

ofhis“American

Dream.”Hewasfascinatedwithmaterialwealthononehandbywritinghardtoaccumulatewealthtoliveanextravagant(鋪張旳)life,yetwasbewildered(使困惑)withthewealthontheother,fullyawareoftheunderlyingspiritual

disorientationandmoral

decay.Finallyinhislife,alcoholism,lonelinessanddespaircombinedtoruinhim.FitzgeraldandtheAmericanDreamWritingStyleFitzgeraldisconsideredasagreatstylistinAmericanliterature.Hisstyle,closelyrelatedtohisthemes,isexplicitandchilly.Hisaccuratedialogues,hiscarefulobservationofmannerism,styles,modelsandattitudesprovidethereaderwithavividsenseofreality.Heusedthescenicmethodinhischapters,eachoneofwhichconsistsofoneormoredramaticscenes,sometimeswithinterveningpassages

ofnarration,leavingthetediousprocess

oftransitiontothereaders‘imagination.

Fitzgerald‘sproseissmooth,sensitive,andcompletelyoriginalinitsdictionandmetaphors.WritingStyleManyofFitzgerald’sworksarehalfautobiographyproperties.Becausehemarriedwithatypicalsouthwoman,FitzgeraldshowedinterestinthesouthernUnitedStatesinhisnovels.Thehomesicknessandnostalgiaemotionstothesouthernandtheawarenessandhelplessonthenorthandsouthofthecontrastprovidebackgroundandfundamentalkeyformanyofhisnovels.Fitzgeraldcreatedakindofrefreshingliteraturefeminineimageinhisnovels.Theyweretrendy,independentandattractive.Intheotherhand,theyhadthecouragetopursuetheirhappinessatanycost.ThesetypicalheroinesinJazzAgealsobecamethecharacteristicsandmarksofFitzgerald’snovels.WritingStyleAlthoughthemostfamousworksofFitzgeraldarehisnovels,hisshortnovelsarealsoveryfeatures.Infact,duringhislifetime,hisshortstoriesgivehimacommercialsuccessandgethimtowinthegeneralpublicrecognition,ratherthanhisnovels.Fitzgerald’snovelsgotpraiseofthefield,butitdidn’tbringsignificantincomeforhimsuchashehopeditwould.Towriteshortstoriesforpopularmagazinesbecamethewaytomaintainhisupper-cla