2018年廣西民族大學基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題A卷

2018年廣西民族大學基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題A卷一、Vocabulary,GrammarandGeneralKnowledgeDirections:FindtheONEchoicethatbestcompletesthesentence.（每小題2分，共30小題，共60分）1. Thewinnersofthefootballchampionshipranoffthefieldcarryingthesilvercup______. A.turbulently B.tremendously C.triumphantly D.tentatively2. Hesaidthattheyhad______beenobligedtogiveuptheschemeforlackofsupport. A.gravely B.regrettably C.forcibly D.graciously3. Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis______stated. A.extravagantly B.empirically C.exceptionally D.explicitly4. Theirclaimstodamageshavenotbeenconvincingly______. A.refuted B.overwhelmed C.depressed D.intimidated5. Pleasedon’t______toomuchonthepainfulmemories.Everythingwillbeallright. A.hesitate B.linger C.retain D.dwell6. Intoday’smedical,littleagreementexistsonthe______fordefiningmentalillness. A.legislation B.requirement C.criteria D.measuresTheladyinthisstrangetaleveryobviouslysuffersfromaseriousmentalillness.Herplotagainstacompletelyinnocentoldmanisaclearsignof________. A.impulse B.insanity C.inspiration D.disposition8. ThePrimeMinisterwasfollowedbyfiveorsix_______whenhegotofftheplane. A.laymen B.servants C.directors D.attendants9. Thereisnodoubtthatthe________ofthesegoodstotheothersiseasytosee. A.prestige B.superiority C.priority D.publicity10.Alltheguestswereinvitedtoattendthewedding________andhadaverygoodtime.A.feast B.congratulations C.festival D.recreationLucy____goingbacktoschoolsinceshesavedenoughmoney,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.considered B.hadconsideredC.isgoingtoconsider D.hasbeenconsidering12.Iamsurprised____theexamisprettydifficult.A.withwhatyouwerethinking B.thatyoushouldthinkC.thatyouwouldthink D.bywhatyouarethinking13.Itisimperativethatyou____youresignationbeforeFriday.A.handedin B.wouldhandinC.handin D.havetohandinWhichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesisINCORRECT?A.Thecarrunstwicefasterthanthattruck.B.AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.C.RebeccahasthreetimesthestrengthofLily.D.Thecoatissoldatdoubletheusualprice.15.Enginesaretomachines____heartsaretoanimals.A.that B.which C.when D.what16. Indoingexperiments,youmustbe____theprecisioninstruments. A.morethancarefulwith B.morecarefulthanwith C.carefulmorethanwith D.withmorecarefulthan17. Little____whatwasupsettingme. A.mayherealize B.herealizes C.hemayrealize D.didherealize18. ____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter. A.Beinggiven B.Given C.Togive D.GivingManyanelderlyman____willingtocontinueworkingafterretirementsothattimecanbeeasilykilled.A.is B.are C.were D.be20.It’snogood____her.Sheissuchamiserthatshewon’tspareapennyout.A.toturnto B.turningto C.turnto D.turnedto______isthebranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthecharacteristicsofspeechsoundsandprovidesmethodsfortheirdescription,classificationandtransportation.A.Phonetics B.Phonology C.Phoneme D.PhonetictypologyWhichofthefollowingareregardedasShakespeare’sfourgreattragedies?RomeoandJuliet,hamlet,Othello,KingLearRomeoandJuliet,hamlet,Othello,MacbethHamlet,Othello,KingLear,Macbeth D.RomeoandJuliet,Othello,Macbeth,TimonofAthens 23. WilliamWordsworthisgenerallyknownasa____poet. A.romantic B.realistic C.naturalistic D.neo-classic24. CharlesDickenswroteallofthefollowingexcept___. A.OliverTwist B.DavidCopperfield C.ATaleofTwoCities D.HeartofDarkness25. Britishprimeministernormallyservesa______term. A.two-year B.five-year C.four-year D.six-year26. __________________________issometimescalledthebirthplaceofAmerica. A.NewEngland B.theSouth C.theWest D.theMidwest27. Semanticsisthestudyof______________________. A.linguisticcompetenceB.languagefunctionsC.meanings D.socialbehavior28. Whichofthefollowingisnotgenerallybelievedtobeareaoflinguistics? A.syntax B.semantics C.phonology D.etiology29.TGgrammarwasadvancedby_______________________________. A.Searle B.Whorf C.Halliday D.NoamChomsky30.Themorpheme“scope”inthecommonword“telescope”isa(n)___. A.boundmorpheme B.boundform C.inflectionalmorpheme D.freemorpheme 二、ClozeDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked[A]，[B]，[C]and[D].YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.（每小題1.5分，共20小題，共30分）Oursocietyseemstobegrippedwithanideathatthemediaplaysasubstantialroleintheattitudes,behaviorandfitnessofyouthtoday.Ifachildbeatsanotherchildtodeathwithawrenchorshootsaclassmate,itisthe 1 TVprogramswhichtheywatchthatareto 2 ,nottheparentsorthesupervisorswhoare 3 tobetheretomakesuretheirkidsdotherightthing. Asclichéasitmay 4 ,ithasbeenrightlysaidallthingshavetheirgoodaswellasbad 5 .Inthesimilar 6 mediaalsohasitsgoodaswellasbadinfluenceonyouth. Well thesewerethenegativeinfluenceofmediaonyouth.Nowwefocusonthe 7 aspectsofmedia. Mediaplaysaveryimportantroleincreating 8 .Therearecertainissueswhichremain 9 amongyoungstersastheyfeelguardedconcerningit.Mediahelpsinprovidinginformationregardingsuchtopics.Therearemanysuchtopicsthatare 10 bythemedia.Thecurrentonethatcanbetalkedaboutisthequotasystemincolleges.Mediacreatedawarenessthathow 11 wasbeingdonewith 12 candidatesduetoreservationsin colleges.There was 13 taken out by studentsin ordertoobject 14 thisbiasdiscrimination. Mediabeingoneoftheimportantmeansto 15 tothemassesandinfluencetheirthinkinganddecisionmaking,onlytothepositivemediacannotattract 16 ofthemasses,andto 17 viewership,negativemediahastobe 18 tobalanceoutandattractthemasses,buta 19 hastobedrawnbetweenthepositiveandthenegativemediainthe 20 oftheyoungergeneration. 1. [A]vast [B]bewildering [C]overwhelming [D]violent 2. [A]function [B]blame [C]condemn [D]impair 3. [A]obliged [B]supposed [C]tempted [D]doomed 4. [A]allege [B]claim [C]sound [D]prove 5. [A]effects [B]aspects [C]indicators [D]attributes 6. [A]method [B]token [C]tendency [D]conduct 7. [A]alternative [B]tentative [C]primitive [D]affirmative8. [A]awareness [B]illusion [C]expectation [D]sentiment 9. [A]untouched [B]unimaginable [C]unexplained [D]unavailable10. [A]ignored [B]considered [C]highlighted [D]discarded 11. [A]prejudice [B]inconsistency [C]injustice [D]distrust 12. [A]potential [B]deserving [C]ambitious [D]eloquent 13. [A]procession [B]collision [C]indignation [D]friction 14. [A]versus [B]despite [C]beyond [D]regarding 15. [A]levelout [B]getout [C]reachout [D]makeout 16. [A]attention [B]alert [C]concern [D]intention 17. [A]magnify [B]expect [C]expand [D]gain 18. [A]mobilized [B]assigned [C]merged [D]incorporated19. [A]comparison [B]distinction [C]line [D]barrier 20. [A]benefit [B]interest [C]profit [D]advantage 三、ReadingComprehension（每小題2分，共20小題，共40分）PASSAGEONEIfyoufoundyourselfinacocktailbarwithaNeanderthalman,whatwouldhesay?Agoodconversationisoneofthegreatjoysofbeinghuman,butitisnotclearjusthowfarbackinthehominidlineagetheabilitytouselanguagestretches.Thequestionofwhengruntsandyelpsturnedintowordsandphrasesisatrickyone.Onewayoftryingtoansweritistolookinthefossilrecordforevidenceaboutwhatmodernhumanity'sclosestrelativescoulddo.SvanteP??bo,oftheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinLeipzig,andhiscolleagueshavedonejustthat.DrP??boisanexpertinextractingandinterpretingtheDNAoffossils.AshereportsinthelatestissueofCurrentBiology,heandhisteamhaveworkedtheirmagiconagenecalledFOXP2foundinNeanderthalremainsfromnorthernSpain.Thereasonforpickingthisparticulargeneisthatitistheonlyoneknownsofartohaveadirectconnectionwithspeech.In1990,afamilywithaninheritedspeechdisorderknownasverbaldyspraxiadrewtheattentionofgeneticsresearchers.ThoseresearchersidentifiedamutationinFOXP2asthecauseofthedyspraxia.SincethenFOXP2hasbeenthesubjectofintensivestudy.Ithasbeenlinkedtotheproductionofbirdsongandtheultrasonicmusingsofmice.Itisaconservativetype,notchangingmuchfromspeciestospecies.Butithasundergonetwochangessincehumanssplitfromchimpanzees6myearsago,andsomeresearchersbelievethesechangesplayedacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofspeechandlanguage.IfthesechangesarecommontomodernhumansandNeanderthals,theymustpredatetheseparationofthelineleadingtoHomosapiensfromtheoneleadingtoHomoneanderthalensis.DrP??bo'sresearchsuggestspreciselythat:theFOXP2genesfrommodernhumansandNeanderthalsareessentiallythesame.Totheextentthatthegeneenableslanguage,itenablesitinbothspecies.TherehasbeenmuchspeculationaboutNeanderthals'abilitytospeak.Theywereendowedwithahyoidbone,whichanchorsthetongueandallowsawidevarietyofmovementsofthelarynx.Neanderthalskullsalsoshowevidenceofalargehypoglossalcanal.Thisistheroutetakenbythenervesthatsupplythetongue.Assuch,itisarequisitefortheexquisitelycomplexmovementsofspeech.Moreover,theinner-earstructureofHomoheidelbergensis,anancestorofNeanderthals,showsthatthisspecieswashighlysensitivetothefrequenciesofsoundthatareassociatedwithspeech.ThatNeanderthalsalsosharedwithmodernsthesingleknowngeneticcomponentofspeechisanothercluethattheypossessedthenecessaryapparatusforhavingagoodnatter.Butsuggestiveasthatis,thequestionremainsopen.FOXP2isalmostcertainlynot“thelanguagegene”.Withoutdoubt,itisinvolvedinthecontrolandregulationofthemotionsofspeech,butwhetheritplaysaroleinthecognitiveprocessesthatmustprecedetalkingremainsunclear—jokesaboutengagingbrainbeforeputtingmouthingearnotwithstanding.Theideathattheforebearsofmodernhumanscouldtalkwouldscupperthenotionthatlanguagewastheforcethatcreatedmodernhumanculture—otherwise,whywouldtheynothavebuiltcivilizations?ButitwouldmakethatchatwithaNeanderthalmuchmoreinteresting.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofNeanderthalmen?theyarederivedfromabranchofearlyNeanderthalscalledHomoheidelbergensis.theyareexistentdescendantofHomoneanderthalensis.theyareHomosapiens’sclosestrelatives.theyareofficiallynamedHomoneanderthalensisintheacademiccircle.SvanteP??boandhisteamcarriedoutastudyonFOXP2inorderto_____tracetheappearanceandevolutionofthespeechability.findouthowfarbackinthehominidlineagetheabilitytouselanguagestretches.findevidenceprovingthegenewhichcontrolsthemotionofspeech.identifythecrucialchangesthathadtakenplaceonthisgeneandtheconsequentinfluence.ThegeneofFOXP2isregardedasagenewithadirectconnectionwithspeechbecause_____itwasfoundinNeanderthalremainsfromnorthernSpain.itwasfoundthatsuddenchangeofFOXP2mayleadtospeechdisorder.itwaslinkedtotheproductionofbirdsongandtheultrasonicmusingsofmice.itdoesnotchangemuchfromspeciestospecies.4.Theword“scupper”(Line7,Paragraph6)mostprobablymeans_____[A]deny. [B]defeat. [C]demolish. [D]destory.FromthefindingsofDrP??bo'sresearchitmaybeinferredthat_____FOXP2isthegenethatenablesthespeechabilityinbothhumansandNeanderthals.theforkseparatingthelineleadingtoHomosapiensfromthattoHomoneanderthalensisiswrong.moreimportantgenesshouldbeidentifiedwhichcontrolspeechabilityandcognitiveprocess.theestablishmentofhumancivilizationasaresultoflanguageabilitymightbefalse.PASSAGETWOBerkeleyseemslikeafittingplacetofindthegodfatheroftheopen-innovationmovementbaskinginglory.TheCalifornianvillagewas,afterall,attheveryheartoftheanti-establishmentmovementofthe1960sandhasspawnedplentyofradicalthinkers.Oneofthem,HenryChesbrough,abusinessprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,observeswithasmilethat“thisisthe40thanniversaryoftheSummerofLove.”MrChesbrough'stwobooks“OpenInnovation”and“OpenBusinessModels”havepopularisedthenotionoflookingforbrightideasoutsideofanorganisation.Astheconceptofopeninnovationhasbecomeevermorefashionable,thecorporateR&Dlabhasbecomedecreasinglyrelevant.Mostideasdon'tcomefromthere.ToseewhytraveltoCincinnati,Ohio—whichisaboutasfarremovedculturallyfromBerkeleyasonecangetinAmerica.Theconservativemid-westerncityishometoP&G,historicallyoneofthemosttraditionalfirmsinAmerica.Fordecades,thecompanythatbroughttheworldIvorysoap,CresttoothpasteandArieldetergenthadaclosedinnovationprocess,centredarounditsownsecretiveR&Doperations.Nolonger.P&Ghasradicallyalteredthewayitcomesupwithnewideasandproducts.Itnowwelcomesandworkswithuniversities,suppliersandoutsideinventors.Italsooffersthemashareintherewards.Inlessthanadecade,P&Ghasincreasedtheproportionofnew-productideasoriginatingfromoutsideofthefirmfromlessthanafifthtoaroundhalf.Thathasboostedinnovationand,saysitsboss,MrLafley,isthemainreasonwhyP&Ghasbeenabletogrowat6%ayearbetween2001and2006,triplingannualprofitsto$8.6billion.Thecompanynowhasamarketcapitalizationofover$200billion.IBMisanothericonicfirmthathasjumpedontheopen-innovationbandwagon.Theonce-secretivecompanyhasdoneasharpU-turnandembracedLinux,anopen-sourcesoftwarelanguage.IBMnowgushesaboutbeingpartofthe“open-innovationcommunity”,yieldinghundredsofsoftwarepatentstothe“creativecommons”ratherthanregisteringthemforitself.However,italsocontinuestotakeoutpatentsatarecordpaceinotherareas,suchasadvancedmaterials,andintheprocessracksupsome$1billionayearinlicensingfees.SinceanarmyofprogrammersaroundtheworldworkondevelopingLinuxessentiallyatnocost,IBMnowhasanextremelycheapandrobustoperatingsystem.ItmakesmoneybyprovidingitsclientswithservicesthatsupporttheuseofLinux—andchargingthemforit.Usingopen-sourcesoftwaresavesIBMawhopping$400mayear,accordingtoPaulHorn,untilrecentlythefirm'sheadofresearch.Thecompanyissocommittedtoopennessthatitnowcarriesoutoccasional“onlinejamsessions”duringwhichtensofthousandsofitsemployeesexchangeideasinamassformofbrainstorming.MrChesbrough,ofcourse,heartilyapproves.Hegivesdozensofotherexamplesoffirmsdoingsimilarthings,rangingfromClorax,ahouseholdproductsfirmtoAirProducts,anindustrialgasescompany.MrChesbroughreckonsthat“IBMandP&Ghavetimedtheirshifttoahigh-volumeopen-businessmodelverywell”andthatiftheircompetitorsdonotdothesametheywillbeintrouble.6.“SummerofLove”isprobably_____areligiousactivitycelebratingtheopen-innovationmovement.theanti-establishmentmovement.amovementadvocatingtheinnovation.anactivitycallingforopeninnovation.7.Accordingtothepassage,theannualprofitsofP&Gin2001wasabout_____[A]$2.87billion.[B]$1.075billion.[C]$2.15billion.[D]$4.3billion.8.IBMnowgushesaboutbeingpartofthe“open-innovationcommunity”inthat_____itembracedanopen-sourcesoftwarelanguagethatiswidelysupportedbythe“creativecommons”.itendowspeopleinsideandoutsidethecompanywiththeaccesstothesoftwarepatentsitowns.itencouragesanextensivepublicinvolvementinthedevelopmentofnewsoftwareforthecompany.itindeedwhopsitscostandgainsconsiderableprofitfromusingLinux.IBMcouldprovideitsclientswithcheapoperatingsystembecause_____[A]itsprogrammersaroundtheworlddevelopLinuxessentiallyatnocost.[B]itmakesmoneybyprovidingitsclientwithtollservicessupportingtheoperatingsysteminstead.itcouldsavealotofmoneybyusingopen-sourcesoftware.ithasshifteditsR&Doutside,whichsavealotofmoney.Accordingtothelastparagraph,iftheircompetitorsdonotdothesametheywillbeintroublebecause_____[A]theircompetitorswillwouldlosetheirmarketsharegraduallywhichwouldbetakenbyR&D.[B]theyfailtoadoptthenewmodelofopenbusinesswhichwouldpavethewaytoconstantbusinesssuccess.[C]theydonotrecognizethebesttimetoshifttheirbackwardbusinessmodel.[D]theywillbesiftedoutbythemarketasaresultoftheirconservativeness.PASSAGETHREEInthecauseofequalrights,feministshavehadmuchtocomplainabout.Butonestrikingpieceofinequalityhasbeenconvenientlyoverlooked:lifespan.Inthisarea,womenhavetheupperhand.Allroundtheworld,theylivelongerthanmen.Whytheyshoulddosoisnotimmediatelyobvious.Butthesameistrueinmanyotherspecies.Fromlionstoantelopeandfromsealionstodeer,males,forsomereason,simplycan'tgothedistance.Onetheoryisthatmalesmustcompeteforfemaleattention.Thatmeansevolutionisbusyselectingforantlers,aggressionandalloywheelsinmales,attheexpenseoflongevity.Femalesarenotsubjecttosuchpressures.Ifthistheoryiscorrect,theeffectwillbeespeciallynoticeableinthosespecieswheremalescompetefortheattentionoflotsoffemales.Conversely,itwillbereducedorabsentwheretheydonot.Totestthatidea,TimClutton-BrockofCambridgeUniversityandKavitaIsvaranoftheIndianInstituteofScienceinBengaloorudecidedtocomparemonogamousandpolygynousspecies(inthelatter,amalemonopolizesanumberoffemales).Theywantedtofindoutwhetherpolygynousmaleshadlowersurvivalratesandagedfasterthanthoseofmonogamousspecies.Todoso,theycollectedtherelevantdatafor35speciesoflong-livedbirdsandmammals.Astheyreport,thepatternwasmuchastheyexpected.In16ofthe19polygynousspeciesintheirsample,malesofallagesweremuchmorelikelytodieduringanygivenperiodthanwerefemales.Furthermore,theoldertheygot,thebiggerthemortalitygapbecame.Inotherwords,theyagedfaster.Malesfrommonogamousspeciesdidnotshowthesepatterns.Thepointaboutpolygynyisthatifonemalehasexclusiveaccessto,say,tenfemales,anotherninemaleswillbewaitingtotoppletheharemmasterassoonasheshowsthefirstsignofweakness.Theintensecompetitivepressuremeansthatindividualswhosucceedputalltheireffortsintooneortwobreedingseasons.Thatobviouslytakesitstolldirectly.Butamoresubtleeffectmayalsobeatwork.Moststudentsofageingagreethatananimal'smaximumlifespanissetbyhowlongitcanreasonablyexpecttoescapepredation,disease,accidentanddamagingaggressionbyothersofitskind.Ifitwillbekilledquicklyanyway,thereisnotmuchreasonforevolutiontodivertscarceresourcesintokeepingthemachineintip-topcondition.Thoseresourcesshould,instead,bedevotedtoreproduction.Andthemorethreateningtheoutsideworldis,theshorterthemaximumlifespanshouldbe.Thereisnoreasonwhythatlogicshouldnotworkbetweenthesexesaswellasbetweenspecies.Thetestistoidentifyaspeciesthathasmadeitsenvironmentsosafethatmostofitsmembersdieofoldage,andseeifthedifferencecontinuestoexist.Fortunately,thereissuchaspecies:man.DrClutton-Brockreckonsthatthesexdifferenceinbothhumanratesofageingandintheusualageofdeathisanindicatorthatpolygynywastheruleinhumanity'sevolutionarypast—asitstillis,insomeplaces.Thatmaynotpleasesomefeminists,butitcouldbethepricewomenhavepaidforoutlivingtheirmenfolk.11.Thepassageismainlydiscussingabout_____differenceinlifespanbetweenmalesandfemalesofdifferentspecies.differenceinlifespanamongspeciesofdifferentmatingpatterns.thereasonofwhyhumanfemalesoutlivetheirmalecounterparts.naturalselectionamongmalesandfemalesduringevolution.Inthesentence“Thatmeansevolutionisbusyselectingforantlers,aggressionandalloywheelsinmales…”,“antlers,aggressionandalloywheels”represent_____[A]themostexcellentones.[B]themostpowerfulones.[C]themostattractiveones.[D]themostaggressiveones.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementisTRUEofpointsprovedbythetestofTimClutton-BrockandKavitaIsvaran?[A]Polygamousspecieshaveshorterlifespansthanmolygynousspecies.[B]Polygamousspeciesagedfasterthanthanmolygynousspecies.[C]Polygamousmalesdecreasefasterinnumberastheygrowolder.[D]Monogamousmalesliveaslongastheirfemales.Thelogicbehindthefactthatthespecieslivinginthemostdangerousenvironmenthavetheshortestlifespanisthat_____[A]resourcesshouldbedevotedtoreproductionratherthansustaininglife.[B]resourcesshouldbeusedmostefficiently.[C]speciesinthemostdangerousenvironmentshouldnotwastetheresources.[D]thereisnoneedtodivertscarceresourcesintokeepingthemachineinbestcondition.ThetestconductedbyTimClutton-BrockandKavitaIsvarandemostratesthat_____[A]Polygynywastheruleinhumanity’sevolutionarypast.[B]Thesexdifferenceonlifespanisattributabletohumans’biologicalpastwhichshouldnotbedeniedbyfeminists.Thelogicdoesnotworkbetweenthesexesaswellasbetweenspecies.Itwaspolygynythataccountsforhumanfemales’generallongevityovermales.PASSAGEFOURWithtechnologyleasedfromtheGermancompanyTronical,GibsonhasmodifieditsclassicLesPauldesigntocreateaguitarthatadjustsitselftooneofsixpresettunings.Thisisnoinstrumentforbeginners.Retailingforbetween$2,200and$2,500,theRobotGuitariscourtingserioushobbyistsandprofessionalswhodemandprecisiontuning,orfrequentlyswitchbetweendifferenttuningsanddon'twantthehassleofluggingmultipleinstrumentsaround."It'sacoolidea.Nobodylikestuning,"concedesDinosaurJr.frontmanJ.Mascis."ButIhavetowaitforthedrummertorestanywaybetweensongs."Anothercompany,calledTransPerformance,sellsasimilartuningdevicethatitwillinstallinyournonroboticguitarforyou.ButGibson'sisthefirstout-of-the-boxself-tuningax.Itsoundslikeaminordevelopmentinguitartechnology,evenrathergimmicky.Butforaninstrumentthathasbarelyevolvedsincethe1950s,theRobotGuitarisnothingshortofmagic:simplypulloutthe"mastercontrolknob"andstrumtheguitar.Theknoblightsupasacomputerembeddedinthebackoftheguitarmeasureseachstring'spitch.Thetuningpegsturnbythemselves,makingaroboticwhirringsoundthatenhancesthewow.Thecontrolknob'slightsflashbluewhenyourinstrumentislockedintothetuningyouselect.Ifyou'resoinclinedyoucanoverridethedeviceandtunemanually.Butwhywouldyou?Ittakesallof10secondsfortheRobotGuitartodoitsthing—andblowyourmindasithasn'tbeenblownsincethefirsttimeyouheard"Eruption."Inanindustrythathasbeenflattosagging,theRobotGuitarcouldprovideawelcomeboosttoretailers.After10yearsofbriskgrowth,guitarsalesheadedsouthin2006,accordingtotheApril2007MusicTradesMagazineindustrycensus.Low-endbeginneracousticguitarsalesdropped24.4percentlastyear;electricguitarsfell19.1percent.Certainlythereisadearthofrighteousshreddingontoday'sTop40radio.Andthewildlypopularvideogame"GuitarHero"allowseventhemosttone-deafnonmusiciantosimulatetheexperienceofrockingout.Professionalmusiciansaccountfor15percentofinstrumentpurchasesinthecountry,accordingtoGeorgeVanHorn,asenioranalystatIBISWorld."Gibsonisobviouslyaiminghigh,butit'sworthchasing"thepros,hesays.JudgingbyallthebuzztheRobotGuitarhasgenerated,Gibsonwon'thaveahardtimechasingdownanyone."Youdon'tseethiskindofexcitementoften,"saysNormanHajjar,thechiefmarketingofficeratGuitarCenter,whichhasstocked1,000ofthe4,000RobotGuitarshittingthemarketnationwideDec.7."They'requiteadraw.Weletpeopletouchandplaywiththeguitars—they'reputtingthemthroughtheirpaces.Itreallycharmspeople."AsofThursdaymorning,GuitarCenterhadalreadytakendepositsonroughlyathirdofthe1,000RobotGuitarstheyhaveinstock.Theveryfactthat"GuitarHero"andnow"RockBand"arepower-chordingtheirwayoffstoreshelvesthisholidayseasonprovesthatthedreamisalive.Thereasonthattheodioussong"RockStar"iscurrentlyubiquitoushasnothingtodowithqualitysongwriting.Truthis,weallwanttoberockstars;thevideogamesandNickelback'sopusgetusallalittleclosertolivingthefantasy.ButwiththeRobotGuitar,it'sthemusiciansthemselveswhohavegottenalongoverduelegup.16.Bysaying“ButIhavetowaitforthedrummertorestanywaybetweensongs”,J.Mascismeans_____thathecouldusethiskindofdeviceonlywhenthedrummerstops.thathehasnonecessityorurgencytousetheself-turningguitar.thathemakeuseoftheself-turningguitarforprecisiontuningwhenthedrummertakesabreak.thathehavetowaitforthedrummertofollowhimifheusetheself-tuningguitar.17.Theword“override”(Line7,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans_____[A]shift. [B]close. [C]setaside. [D]disregard.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueofguitarsales?[A]Guitarsaleshavebeengoingupslowlyinthe