真題里面上半部分是下答案解析2016考研路上的幸福哥

入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試SectionSectionIUseofEnglishReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)InCambodiathechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,１thoseoftheyoungwomen,butalsoamataker.Ayoungmancan2alikelyspouseonhisownandthemaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations.ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily.Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays7bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11.Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildaflewhousenearby.Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcedsare15withsomedisapproval.Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly–acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up.Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaitthemonths.9.9.[A][B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A][B][C]12.[A][B][C]byway[B]aswell[C]onbehalfwithregardadapt[B]provide[C]competedecide[B]In[B]Above[C]InFor[B][C][B][C][B][C][A][A][B][B][C][C][D][15.[A][B][C][D]16.[B][C]17.[A][B][C][D]18.[A][B][C][D]19.[B][C][D]20.[B]so[D]inSectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40TextFrance,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwoman.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways. Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat”inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupwithimingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarringthemselvestohealth–assomehavedone.Itlsthefashionindustrythatitmovetakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape–measuretheymustuseto determinetheirindividualworth.Thebans,iffullyend,wouldsuggesttowoman(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbeorbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlookintangiblequalitieslikecharacterandinlectratherthandietingtheirwaytosinezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetaernment-definedindexofbodymesscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardformodelsandfashionimagesthererelymoreonpearpressurefor IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalcharterclearlystates,weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.Thecharter’smaintollofenmentistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagen.Fashionweek,whichismenbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and–shamemethodofcompliance. Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninPhysicalbeautywouldbeNewrunwayswouldbeWebsitesaboutdietingwouldThefashionindustrywouldThephrase“imingon”(Line2Para2)isclosestinmeaningheighteningthevalueindicatingthestatelosingfaithngharmWhichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionTheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyNewstandardsarebeingsetinModelsarenolongerunderpeerItsinherentproblemsaregettingAdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWsettingperfectphysicalcaringtoomuchaboutmodels’showinglittleconcernforhealthpursuingahighagethresholdforWhichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleoftheAchallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyADilemmaforthestarvingmodelsinJustAnotherRoundofstruggleforTheGreatThreatstotheFashionTextForthefirsttimeinthehistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily.ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService(NHS)aswhatmakethemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport. AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalcesforeveryoneforever”.Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair”.Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’nningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing“off–n”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalnningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilentonlyu itschance,hassideswiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsntoprotectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.Thesensiblecetobuildnewhousesfactoriesandofficesiswherepeopleareincitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisince.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroyedrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfofmillionhousesintheLandonareaalonewithnointrusionongreenbelts.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthemunderlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshopsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotamarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?Developmentshouldbenned,notlettrip,AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountrynninghasenableittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.Britain’spublicsentimentabouttheisnotwellreflectedinisfullybackedbytheroyaldidn’tstartfilltheShakespeareanhasbroughtmuchbenefittotheAccordingtoparagraph2，theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowlargelyproperlyeffectivelyreingraduallyWhichofthefollowingcanbeofferedfromparagraphLabourisunderattackforopposingTheConservativesmayabandon n”UkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralTheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalTheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsbornes’sshowshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralstressesthenecessityofeasingthehousinghighlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbyrevealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanInthelastparagraphtheauthorshowhisappreciationthesizeofpopulationintheenviableurbanlifestyleinthetown-and-countrynninginthepoliticallifeintoday’sText“Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness”wroteMiltonFriedman,aNobelPrize-winningeconomist“Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofits.”ButevenifyouacceptFriedman’spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders’smoney,thingsmaynotbeabsoluyclear-act.NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompaniesatleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption.ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billionayearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirm.Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.First,consumersmaytakeCSRspendingasa“signal”thata’sproductsareofhighquality.Second,customersmaybewillingtobuya’sproductsasanindirectmaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelps.Andthird,throughamorediffuse“haloeffect”wherebyitsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandothers.PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree.ArecentstudyattemptstoseparatethembylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerican’sForeignCorruptPracticesAct（FCPA）.Itarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonotconsumea ’sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations，theycouldbeinfluencedonlybythehaloeffect. Thestudyfoundthat，amongprosecutedfirms，thosewiththemostcomprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties.Theirysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirm’spoliticalinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalnsdidnotreceivelowerfines.Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbya’srecordinCSR.“Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsconcern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategivingbyabout20%resultinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbribingforeignofficials.”saysoneresearcher.ResearchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionathowmuchbusinessesoughttospendonCSR.Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffect,ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheycompaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostlypunishment.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman’sstatementaboutCSRwithAccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsaby[A]guardingitagainstmalpractices[B]protectingitfromconsumers[C]winningtrustfromconsumers.[D]raisingthequalityofitsproductsTheexpression“morelenient”(line2,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto[A]lesscontroversial[B]morelasting[C]moreeffective[D]lesssevereWhenprosecutorsevaluateacase,a’sCSRrecord[A]comesacrossasreliableevidence[B]hasanimpactontheirdecision[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigationWhichofthefollowingistrueofCSRaccordingtothelastThenecessaryamountofcompaniesspendingonitisCompanies’financialcapacityforithasbeenItsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked[D]IthasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustryTextTherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.”Sometimeinthefuture,”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper–printingpresses,don’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandcounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti.PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutngittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforthem,”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit,you’regoinghaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.” Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway.PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming.“Itwasseenasblunder,”hesaid.Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted.AndifPerettiwerechargeattheTimes?”Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”hesaid“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.” Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.“Soifyou’reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehel,”Perettisaid.“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.”Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit.WhichmaybewhattheTimesisngalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear–morethantwiceasmuchasadigital–only “It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness,”Perettiremarked.“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethatwherewehavethingswe’rengthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandtheworldchanges.Inthosesituations,it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethatlessaggressive.”TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingit’sprinteditionpartlyduetheincreasingonlineandthepressurefromitsthecomintsfromitsthehighcostofPerettisuggeststhatinfaceofthepresentsituation,TheTimesmakestrategicendtheprintseditionforseeknewsourcesofaimforefficientItcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6thata”legacyhelpsrestorethegloryofformerismeantforthemostloyalwillhavethecostofprintingexpandsthepopularityofthePerettibelievesthatinachangingtraditionalluxuriescanstaycautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-aggressivenessbettermeetslegacybusinesses ingoutwhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleoftheshifttoonlinenewspapersallatCherishtheNewspapersstillinYourkeepYourNewspapersForeverinMakeYourprintNewspapersaluxuryGoodPartBReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadings.MarkyouranswersontheANSERSHEET.(10point)CreateanewimageofDecideifthetimeisHaveconfidenceinyourself[D]Understandthecontext[E]Workwithprofessionals[F]Makeitefficient[G]KnowyourNomatterhowformalorinformaltheworkenvironment,thewayyoupresentyourselfhasanimpact.Thisisespeciallytrueinthefirstimpressions.AccordingtoresearchfromPrincetonUniversity,peopleassessyourcompetence,trustworthiness,andlikeabilityinjustatenthofasecond,solelybasedonthewayyoulook.Thedifferencebetweentoday’sworkceandthe“dressforsuccess”eraisthattherangeofoptionsissomuchbroader.Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.Insomesettings,redsneakersordressT-shirtscanconveystatus;inothernotsomuch.Plus,whateverimagewepresentismagnifiedbysocial-mediaserviceslikeLinkedIn.Chancesare,yourheadshotsareseenmuchmoreoftennowthanadecadeortwoago.Millennials,itseems,facetheparadoxofbeingtheleastformalgenerationyetthemostconsciousofstyleand albranding.Itcanbeconfusing.Sohowdowenavigatethis?Howdoweknowwhentoinvestinanupgrade?Andwhat’sthebestwaytopulloffonethanenhancesourgoals?Herearesometips: anexecutivecoach,I’veseenimageupgradesbeparticularhelpfulduringtransitions-whenlookingforanewjob,stepintoanewormorepublicrole,orchangingworkenvironments.Ifyou’reinaperiodofchangeorjustfeelingstuckandinarut,nowmaybeagoodtime.Ifyou’renotsure,askforhonestfeedbackfromtrustedfriends,colleaguesandprofessionals.Lookforcuesabouthowothersperceiveyou.Maybethere’snoneedforanupgradeandthat’sOKGetclearonwhatimpactyou’rehotohave.Areyoulookingtorefreshyourimageorpivotit?Forone ,thegoalmaybetobetakenmoreseriouslyandenhancetheirprofessionalimage.Foranother,itmaybetobeperceivedasmoreapproachable,ormoremodernandstylish.Forsomeonemovingfromfinancetoadvertising,maybetheywanttolookmore“SoHo.”(It’sOKtousecharacterizationslikethat)Lookatyourworkenvironmentlikeananthropologist.Whatarethenormsofyourenvironment?Whatconveysstatus?Whoareyourmostimportantaudiences?Howdothepeopleyourespectandlookuptopresentthemselves?Thebetteryouunderstandtheculturalcontext,themorecontrolyoucanhaveoveryourimpact.Enlistthesupportofprofessionalsandsharewiththemyourgoalsandcontext.Hirea stylist,orusethestylingserviceofastorelikeJ.Crew.Tryahairstylistinsteadofabarber.Workwithaprofessionalphotographerinsteadofyourspouseorfriend.It’snotasexpensiveasyoumightthink.Thepointofastyleupgradeisn’tto emorevainortospendmoretimefussingoverwhattowear.Instead,useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue.Pickastandardworkuniformorafewgo-tooptions.Buyallyourclothesatoncewithastylistinsteadofshopalone,onearticleofclothingatatime.PartCReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsinto.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points) Mentalhealthisourbirthright.(46)wedon’thavetolearnhowtobementallyhealthy,itisbuiltintousinthesamewaythatourbodiesknowhowtohealacutormend,abrokenbone.Mentalhealthcan’tbelearned,onlyreawakened.Itislikeimmunesystemofthebody,whichunderstressorthroughlackofnutritionorexercisecanbeweakened,butwhichneverleavesus.Whenwedon’tunderstandthevalueofmentalhealthandwedon’tknowhowtogainaccesstoit,mentalhealthwillremainhiddenfromus.(47)Ourmentalhealthdoesn’tgoanywhere;likethesunbehindacloud,itcanbetemporarilyhiddenfromview,butitisfullycapableofbeingrestoredinaninstant.Mentalhealthistheseedthatcontainsself-esteem–confidenceinourselvesandanabilitytotrustinourcommonsense.Itallowsustohaveonourlives-theabilitytonottakeourselvestooseriously,tolaughatourselves,toseethebiggerpicture,andtoseethatthingswillworkout.It’saformofinnateorunlearnedoptimism.(48)Mentalhealthallowsustoviewotherswithsympathyiftheyarehavingtroubles,withkindnessiftheyareinpain,andwithunconditionallovenomatterwhotheyare.Mentalhealthisthesourceofcreativityforsolvingproblems,resolving,makingoursurroundingsmorebeautiful,managingourhomelife,orcomingupwithacreativebusinessideaorinventiontomakeourliveseasier.Itgivesuspatienceforourselves.Andtowardothersaswellaspatiencewhiledriving,catchingafish,workingonourcar,orraisingachild.Itallowsustoseethebeautythatsurroundsuseachmomentinnature,inculture,intheflowofourdailylives. (49)Althoughmentalhealthisthecure-allforlivingourlives,itisperfectingordinaryasyouwillseethatithasbeentheretodirectyouthroughallyourdifficultdecisions.Ithasbeenavailableeveninthemostmundaneoflifesituationstoshowyourightfromwrong,goodfrombad,friendfromfoe.Mentalhealthhascommonlybeencalledconscience,instinct,wisdom,commonsense,ortheinnervoice,wethinkofitsimplyasahealthandhelpfulflowofinligentthought.(50)Asyouwillcometosee,knowingthatmentalhealthisalwaysavailableandknowingtotrustitallowustoslowdowntothemomentandlivelifeSectionIIIWritingPartASupposeyouarealibrarianinyouruniversity.Writeanoticeofabout100words.Providingthenewly-enrolledinternationalstudentswithrelevantinformationaboutthelibrary.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERDonotsignyourownnameattheendofthenotice.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicturesInyouressay,youdescribethepicturesinterpretthemeaning,giveyourYoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)1、【答案】[Baswell【解析】根據(jù)空格所在句子的內(nèi)容可以判斷，“擇偶涉及的親朋好友，女方的親朋好然前后是并列關(guān)項中只有B項aswellas表示并列關(guān)系。2、【答案】[D]decide【解析】根據(jù)選項得知空格處需要填謂語動詞，空格后面的賓語是“…配偶”，所D選項deonD項正確。3、【答案】[C]只能與選項Carrange構(gòu)成通順語義，“安排…磋商”，故選C。4、【答案】[AIn【解析】根據(jù)空格后面的內(nèi)容，得知可能會否定父母為其所選的配偶;句中的may表示的是一種可能性。所以，與原文句子內(nèi)容表達一致的，只有A選項inheoy。5、【答案】[C]【解析】空格處所在的句子是現(xiàn)在完成時，逗號后面的內(nèi)容是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以根據(jù)時態(tài)判斷，前后內(nèi)容存在時間上的先后性，所以C選項After正確。6、【答案】[A]【解析】原文：eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildis agoodfamily.每個家庭另一個家庭，確保孩子娶或嫁到一個好家庭。此處需要填入一個介詞，嫁入另一個家庭，介詞選擇into最合適。故選7、【答案】[C]20801顯然前后文形成了對比，故選C。8、【答案】[C]【解析】原文：Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand prayersof 有reciteprayers為其固定搭配，意為“誦經(jīng)”。故選C。9、【答案】[D] cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride'sandgroom'swrists,把浸泡在圣水中的棉線 folding折疊;Bpiling堆積;Cwrap包裹;以上三項均不符合文意，故選D項10、【答案】[B]【解析】原文：aroundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplesto 只能選Bpassing傳遞。故選B。11、【答案】[D]【解析該句講到圍坐在新婚夫婦身邊祝福他們的.根據(jù)語境可知應填入團聚的含義選項中union可以表示團聚之意，為正確答案meeting會議會面，association聯(lián)合、，collection收集、集合，均不符合語境。12、【答案】[D]長達一年之久。前文講到新婚夫婦搬去新娘的父母家，后文應保持一致性，“和他們一起”故為答案ive(with)與……一起，grow成長，part(wih)表分離，反向干擾，deal(with)處理、應對，不符合題意，故live為正確答案13、【答案】[B]【解析】該句意思是：新婚夫婦搬去新娘的父母家，并和他們 長達一年之久，故代入until，語義合理，“直到他們造新房之前都住在新娘父母家”。前后文無轉(zhuǎn)折，whereas然而。for表原因，ifuntil。14、【答案】[A]【解析】該句意思是：離婚是合法的并容 ，但并不普遍。填入詞應與感彩一致，故排除avoid(避免)及challenge(，質(zhì)疑)，而follow(跟隨)15、【答案】[C]【解析】該句意思是：人 離婚的人是的。此處需填入動作persuadeviewedexposed是最合理的，人們看待離婚的人持態(tài)度的。因此答案為viewed。16、【答案】[D]whatever【解析】此處空前有動詞retain，因此需要填入詞引導賓語從句，并且與property配，共同充當從句中的賓語。因此排Awherever“無論何地”和C選項whenever“無論何時”。B選項“however”，作“但是”解，與句與搭配，可以充當賓語從句的賓語，表示“一切財產(chǎn)”，因此選項D為正確答案17、【答案】[B]【解析】此處需要填入一個動詞，能和property成動賓搭配。Achanged意為“改B選項brought為“帶來”，Cshaped為“形成”，D選項pushed意為“推搡”。因此符合文意，能夠和財產(chǎn)搭配的只能是選項B。18、【答案】[A]【解析】空格處是一個語態(tài)，此處仍然需要填入一個與jointly-acquiredproperty(共同獲得的財產(chǎn))形成動賓搭配的動詞。A選項divided“分割”，不B選項invested“投資”，C選項donated“捐贈”，D選項withdrawn“取錢論離婚時的行為，因此A選項為正確選項。19、【答案】[C]Dbreakup意為“結(jié)束;使破碎”。后文提到離婚后，男士可以立即重婚，而C20、【答案】[A]因此排除BsothatDinthat“因為”，也不是Conce“一旦”所表達的條件關(guān)系，因此正確答案為A選項。傳統(tǒng)的婚禮是一段漫長，多姿多彩的過程。從前會持續(xù)三天，但是到了傳統(tǒng)的婚禮是一段漫長，多姿多彩的過程。從前會持續(xù)三天，但是到了20世紀80 全文翻譯：（21）以作為全球時尚創(chuàng)新者為傲的法國,承認其時尚業(yè)已經(jīng)失去了定義女性形體美的絕對權(quán)力。 者上周初步批準了一項法律，該法律規(guī)定雇用過瘦模特走秀為 行為。議會也同意取締通過鼓勵 節(jié)食來“ 過度纖瘦”的 。這些舉措有幾個另人振奮的目的。（22）他們表明美不應是有危害健康的外表來界定。這是一個開始。雇用過瘦模特走秀的禁令遠不止可以保護模特免于節(jié)食致死（已經(jīng)有模特 了），這條禁令還告訴時尚業(yè)，其必須為他傳遞給女性，尤其是 的信號承擔責任，這個信號兒她們必須用社會準則來衡量個人價值。 ）表明他們不應讓別人決定自己的美丑，而且，或蜂腰體形然而法國的這些措施過度依賴通過眼里懲罰來改變目前仍以“膚淺”“皮包骨”為美的文化。法律規(guī)定，雇用一位沒有達到 規(guī)定的體重指數(shù)的時尚模特 85000 的罰款和六個月的監(jiān)禁。時尚業(yè)知道自己在關(guān)注物質(zhì)裝飾和理想化體型方面一直都有問題。在丹麥、 （23,24）不同于法國的這些措施，丹麥的時尚業(yè)上個月通過了有關(guān)模特、健康和其他特征的多項規(guī)定和處罰措施，（24）新修訂的《丹麥時尚道德》明確：“我們知道時尚業(yè)在理想體形上對人們尤其是年輕人造成的影響，并且對此負責。”該的主要執(zhí)行方式是令設(shè)計師和模特經(jīng)紀公司無法參加由丹麥時裝舉辦的時裝周。但他總體上依靠點名批評的遵守方法?；蛟S依靠道德勸說而非訴諸法律來解決誤用理想體形這一問題是最佳方式。一個有效一個更有效的方法是幫助人們提升審美觀，夢一行業(yè)對美的有形標準。21、【答案】[Aphysicalbeautywouldbepridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwoman.以作為全球時尚創(chuàng)新者為榮的法國承認已經(jīng)失去定義女性形體美的絕對權(quán)利，說明法國以前制定的形體美的標準已不再適用，現(xiàn)在需要做出改變，故A選項為正確答案。22、【答案】[D]ngharm【解析】詞義題。根據(jù)題干“imingon”(line2,para2)，定位到第二withimingonhealth.”(他們認為不應該以…健康的外表來界定)。該句承接本段第一句“Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.”其中，Suchmeasures指代的正是第一段中闡述的“雇傭過瘦(excessivethinness)的模特會的法律規(guī)定”，且excessive一詞表明了情感色彩是貶義的。因此，推斷出imingon對health是“有害的、不利的”，故選[D]ngharmto。23、【答案】[BNewstandardsarebeingsetin【解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位在原文第五段。由該段第二句可知，丹麥等國正在制定模特的標準。與選項[B]丹麥正在制定新的標準相符合，故正確。24、【答案】[Cshowinglittleconcernforhealth【解析】推理題。題干問的是“設(shè)計師似乎被CFW的原因”。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞，回文定位到倒數(shù)第二段，其中“…enmentistodenyaccessfordesigners…”，意思是“法案設(shè)計師進入CFW，它是由丹麥時裝學院創(chuàng)辦的?！?，再都是以瘦為美，而忽視健康。綜上所述，設(shè)計師被的原因是不考慮健康因素，故選[C]showinglttleconcenorhealthfators。25、【答案】[AAchallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBody【解析】主旨題。首段法律要求時尚界不能用過瘦的模特，接下來的段落重點說明時尚界的模特同時還需考慮年紀，健康以及其他方面的因素等。因此這篇文章的中心是圍繞對時尚界理想體型觀點的，故[A]AhalengetoheFashonIndustry'sBodyIdeals正確。全文翻譯：歷史上第一次，城鎮(zhèn)人口超過了農(nóng)村人口，在英國，這一現(xiàn)象了一個奇怪的結(jié)果。（26）雖然表明英國人認為“鄉(xiāng)村”與皇室、莎士比亞以及國家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系一樣是最讓他們以英國為傲的地方，但鄉(xiāng)村在政治上卻沒有得到太多支持。一個世紀以前，奧克塔維亞’希爾發(fā)起了國民托管組織，但其初衷并非是拯救雅姿的民居，而是“為所有人保留自然景觀的美”。這個組織專門為城市居民提供休閑場所，讓人們享受“清新空氣”，在希爾的壓力下，一些國家公園和綠化帶陸續(xù)建成。（27）而現(xiàn)在，他們不再建造鄉(xiāng)村風景了，混凝土每年在侵蝕的鄉(xiāng)村空間。鄉(xiāng)村需要持續(xù)不斷的保護。在下一屆大選中幾大政黨似乎對這一情感都不認同。保守黨的計劃明確將優(yōu)先開發(fā)農(nóng)村，然后再考慮環(huán)境保護的問題，甚至批準了在當?shù)厝丝赡艿牡胤竭M行“計劃外”建設(shè)?？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展的概念已經(jīng)被定義為有利可圖的發(fā)展。工黨也想在地方開發(fā)鄉(xiāng)村的地方停止地方規(guī)劃。自由持沉默，（28）只有英國獨立黨察覺有機可乘，選擇與呼吁合理開發(fā)綠地的人統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線，它發(fā)起的英格蘭鄉(xiāng)村保護運動讓當?shù)乇Ｊ攸h派。建造新住房、工廠和的合理之地在人們所在的地方，在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施完備的城市和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，最近，敦商斯特靈‘阿克只在倫敦就找到了足夠建造 50萬所住房的地方，并且不會綠化帶，倫敦“住房”就是“混凝土草地”的觀點純粹是團體之言。問題不在于需要的房屋，而和以往一樣，在于選擇在何處建設(shè)房。（29）在 團體的壓力下，喬治’奧斯本支持在農(nóng)村新建房屋，。26、【答案】[Aisnotwellreflectedin【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干“英國大眾對于鄉(xiāng)村的觀點”，可定位于文章的第一段。從文章第一段的后半段能得出：英國人民在中將“鄉(xiāng)村”和王室、以及英國國民制度并列選為英國讓他們最為自豪的四個方面，但是這種觀點得到的政治支持卻極為有限。A“isnoteleeedinpoiti”在政治中沒有得到很好的體現(xiàn)是對原文意思的同義替換，故選。27、【答案】[D]gradually【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干很明確能回文定位到文章第二段。該段通過第一句的以重點鎖定在對比中的后半部分，而這部分中“Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.”一句表明現(xiàn)在的NationalTrust已背離了它原始的初衷，它之前的那些成就已經(jīng)了。D選項一段中提到的觀點)的態(tài)度：基本都不贊同。最后一部分“onlyUkip,sensingitschancehassidedwiththosepledgingforaconsideredapproachtousinggreenland”該句說明只有Ukip這個黨派是贊同這個觀點，要保護鄉(xiāng)村的。C選項正是對原文的同義置換，故選C。29、【答案】[Drevealsastrongprejudiceagainsturban【解析】本題屬于觀點態(tài)度題，根據(jù)GeorgeOsborne可以定位到文中第五段。GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.后面一句還提到Hefavoursout-of-townshopsitesagainsthighstreets過這兩句話可以看出GO比較喜歡rural而通過兩個against則可以看出對urbanareas的prejudice.故選擇Drevealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas30、【答案】[C]thetown-and-countrynning句Deeopmentshudbenne,otett,說明發(fā)展是要有計劃的，不能任其自由發(fā)展。然后再具體講tain經(jīng)過半個世紀thetonandountynnng有計劃的發(fā)展，取得了很好的成效。故選擇Ctheonandounty社會責任策略視為浪費股東的一種行為，事情也不會就絕對明確了。新的研究表明，企業(yè)社會責任能為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造價值——至少當他們賄賂指控時是這樣。根據(jù)EPG咨詢公司估計，連同英國那些最大的公司一年里花費在企業(yè)社會責任上的有150多們提供了一個信號，即該公司的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量很好。再者，消費者會樂意這個公司的產(chǎn)品，因為他們認為這是一種間接的行善行為。最后，通過一種更廣泛的是光環(huán)效應，企業(yè)的慈善行為能贏得消費者和其他人的好感。先前關(guān)于企業(yè)社會責任的研究都很難將這些影響區(qū)分開來，因為消費者會同時收到以上三個方面的影響。最近的一個研究試圖通過分析《反海外法》下的有關(guān)方面的指控來區(qū)分這些影響。該研究認為，因為官們不會消費公司被的產(chǎn)品，因此他們有可能只受到光環(huán)還效應的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在受到指控的公司中，那些擁有最廣泛的企業(yè)社會責任計劃的公司往往受到的懲罰更輕。他們的分析排除了讓公司受到寬大處理的原因是其政治而非其企業(yè)社會責任立場的這種可能性：對政治活動投入的公司并沒有處以更少的罰金?？偠灾?，研究結(jié)論表明，盡管官們應該只就本身評估一個案例，但是他們確實似乎會受到企業(yè)社會責任方面記錄的影響。一位研究人員說：“據(jù)我們估計，或者消除重大的勞動權(quán)利方面的問題，如雇用，或者增加企業(yè)捐贈額20%左右，都會使得賄賂國外情況的企業(yè)所受到的罰金比一般的低40%?！毖芯咳藛T承認他們的研究并沒有解決企業(yè)應在社會責任上投入多少的問題，也沒有揭示當制訂其行善策略時，企業(yè)對于光環(huán)效應而非其他可能的有利條件的期望有多大，但是至少他們表明，當遇到法律方面滴的麻煩時，有著良好品質(zhì)的公司會獲得更輕的處罰。30答案Cthe-town-and-countrynningin解析：根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段，問的是作者欣賞贊同什么，作者的觀點即是文章末段的段落中心可定位到末段末句。末句，避免this會將左右黨派聯(lián)系起來，this代詞指代指代上句中所提到的內(nèi)容Should即作者贊同的地方，也就是作者贊同的是城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合31、【答案】[A]【解析】態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干中的MiltonFriedman,CSR可以定位到首段·句。該句提出 的觀點，他認為：“企業(yè)有且只有一種責任，為·maynotbeabsolu yclear-cut”，即情況并不明確。由此推知，作者認為的觀點不明確。故正確答案為A選項uncertainty，這是原文notclear-cutDapproval支持，屬反項干擾，故答案選A。32、【答案】[Cwinningtrustfrom【解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段，以及題干中的CSR，定位到文章二段內(nèi)容，公大筆在CSR上面，其結(jié)果就是“thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessinthreeways”(以三種方式分別給公司帶來價值)。緊接著文章分別闡述三種方式，且三種方式都圍繞著消費者(consumers，customers)展開。因此得出正確答案為選項C：CSR是通過贏得顧客的信任從而幫助公司獲益。選項A掩蓋公司的弊端，選項B保護公司免受誹謗，文章均未提及，屬于無中生有的選項。選項C提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，是根據(jù)文章所提及的第式設(shè)置的干擾。該方式：consumersmaytakeCSRspendingas“signal”thata sproductsareofhighquality(消費者可能將CSR支出作為信任的“信號”，并認為這個公司的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量都很高)，說明公司通過CSR的支出可以贏得顧客的信任，顧客會認為這個公司的產(chǎn)品都是高質(zhì)量的，因此選項Draisethequalityofits33、【答案】[D]less【解析】詞義題。根據(jù)題干回文定位到第四段第一句。通過該段第二句的描述可得 和政治影響是對立的兩個因素。而第二句冒號后面交代，參與政治活動多的公司不會受到較低的罰款。這就意味著，反而具有全面的CR項目的公司受到的罰款比較低。因此，結(jié)合選項可以推出第一句話中的morelenentpenalties指esssevere，即不那么嚴重的(寬大)的懲罰。因此正確答案為D。其次，結(jié)合文章中心也可以推出這道題的答案。首段最后一句，CR可以幫助公司帶來金錢的價值(monetayvaue)，特別是公司在 指控時。而這里的金錢價值實際上是指CSR使公司受到的罰款較少。選項A的干擾來自第二句話中的，該分析排除了政治影響造成leniency的可能性。這解釋了lenientpenalty的原因，也就是說CSR一定會造成lenientpenalty，因此也就不存在是否有爭議的問題了，故排除選項A，lesscontroversial。根非是否可以持續(xù)持久或者是否有效，故排除選項B和C。