2022-2023年湖北省宜昌市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點匯總（含答案）

2022-2023年湖北省宜昌市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點匯總（含答案）學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15題)1.Whobenefitsmostfrominflation?

A.Personswhohavesalariesaccordingtolong-termcontracts.

B.Personswhoownbusinesses.

C.Personswithold-agepensions.

D.Personswithslow-risingincomes.

2.PartB

Directions:Youwillhear3conversationsortalksandyoumustanswerthequestionsbychoosingA,B,CorD.YouwillheartherecordingONLYONCE.

聽力原文：Whenaconsumerfindsthatalliternsheorheboughtisbrokenorinsomeotherwaydoesnotreachthestandardofthemanufacturer'sclaimforit,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty.oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumersmayusetogainsatisfaction.

Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the“higher,up”theconsumertakeshisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobetackled.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.

Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceofpurchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.

Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiterninquestion.Ifthiscannotbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,“Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear”isbetterthan“thisstereodoesnotwork”.

Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandasfirmlyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangoastempfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumers'rights.

Whenaconsumerfindsthathispurchasehasafaultinit,whatisthefirstthingheshoulddo?

A.Complainpersonallytothemanager.

B.Threatentotakethemattertocourt.

C.Writeafirmletterofcomplainttothestoreofpurchase.

D.Showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore.

3.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

A.Givingupsmoking.

B.Keepingfit.

C.Doingexercises.

D.Eatingsweets.

4.Dr.WilsonissatisfiedwithWang'spastexperience.

A.TrueB.Fasle

5.whatdoeshelikeabouthisjob?

A.Money．

B.Freedom．

C.Knowingdifferentpeople．

D.Travelingalot．

6.Shiraliprobablyliveduntil168;Tsurbaprobablyliveduntilage160.

A.TrueB.Fasle

7.Thesuccessofchainschoolsistosomeextentbecauseofthemarketingandadvertising.

A.TrueB.Fasle

8.WherewasthefinalsoftheWorldCupin1994held?

A.InEngland.B.IntheUSA.C.InMexico.D.InFrance.

9.Bonecontainsnowater.

A.TrueB.Fasle

10.Whichpowerdoesthemansuggest?

A.Waterpower.

B.Windpower.

C.Solarpower.

D.Electronicalpower.

11.Wangintendstostudyhowcomputerisusedforlanguagetranslation.

A.RightB.Wrong

12.Ourhumanfriendssometimesmaymakeusbored,butthefriendsinbooksmayalsobehurtbyus.

A.TrueB.Fasle

13.AsimplediethighinvitaminsandsugarbutlowinfatandchemicalsbenefitsthosepeopleinHunza.

A.TrueB.Fasle

14.Whyarestudentsenthusiasticforpositionsinstudentorganizations?

A.Becausetheyhatetheconstantpressureandstrainoftheirstudy.

B.Becausetheywillthenbeabletostaylongerintheuniversity.

C.Becausesuchpositionshelpthemhuntbetterjobs.

D.Becausesuchpositionsareusuallywellpaid.

15.Whydoesthespeakersuggestwerisewithayawnandstretch?

A.Becauseitwillhelpkeepyourenergyfortheday'swork.

B.Becauseitwillhelpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyintheday.

C.Becauseitwillhelpyoutoconcentrateonyourroutinework.

D.Becauseitwillkeepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday.

二、2.UseofEnglish(10題)16.(32)

17.

【C11】

18.

【C4】

19.(46)

20.

【C16】

21.(47)

22.(48)

23.

【C14】

24.

【C9】

25.(35)

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15題)26.PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:Saltisbadforyou—regardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar."Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,"Dr.Dustaninsists."Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat."Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureunderwentnochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

"Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,"notesDr.JohnH.Laragh."Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense."

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable"moderation"insaltconsumption.Foranaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Thee-quivalentofonetotwogramsofthissaltallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal"lowsalt"exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jr.admitsthat"Wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension."Infact,thereisincreasingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredis-potition;stress.

"Itisnotyourenemy,"saysDr.Laragh,"SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup."

Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed______.

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

27.

Whatadvantagewilltherebeifonebuyslifeinsuranceinsteadofmakingotherinvestments?

A.Hewillhavemoneyforaretirementhome.

B.Itwillcosthimnothingifhebuysanlifeinsurance.

C.Profitheearnsfrominsuranceistax-free.

D.Itischeaptobuyalifeinsurance.

28.

Theword“connoisseurs”(Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans______．

A.representativesinthePre-RaphaeliteMovement

B.peoplewhoareinfavorofFlorentine

C.criticswhoarelikelytomakeassessments

D.conservativesclingingtoclassicalart

29.

Accordingtothepassage,speciallaborlawsprotectingwomenworkerstendgenerallytohavewhichofthefollowingeffects?

A.Theytendtomodifythestereotypesemployeesoftenholdconcerningwomen.

B.Theyincreasetheadvantagetoemployersofhiringmeninsteadofwomen,makingitlesslikelythatwomenwillbehired.

C.Theydecreasethelikelihoodthatemployerswilloffermoreprotectiontowomenworkersthanthatwhichisabsolutelyrequiredbylaw.

D.Theyincreasethetendencyofemployerstodenyhealthinsuranceanddisabilityplanstowomenworkers.

30.

Whatcanbeconcludedaccordingtotheauthor'sviewofthe"obesitygenes"?

A.Peoplewithageneticinclinationtogainweightcanslim.

B.Peoplewhoarebornfatwillremainthatwayalllife.

C.Alleffortstoloseweightwillprovefruitless.

D.Fatpeoplecanliveaveryhappylife,too.

31.(79)

32.Themanbehindthisnotion,JackMaple,isadandywhoaffectsdarkglasses,homburgs(翹邊帽)andtwo-toeshoes;yethehasbecomesomethingofalegendinAmerica'spolicedepartments.Forsomeyears,startinginNewYorkandmovingontohigh-crimespotssuchasNewOrleansandPhiladelphia,heandhisbusinesspartner,JohnLinderhavemarketedatwo-tiersystemforcuttingcrime.

First,policedepartmentshavetosortthemselvesout:rootoutcorruption,streamlinetheirbureaucracy,andmakemorecontactwiththepublic.Second,theyhavetoadoptacomputersystemcalledComstatwhichhelpsthemtoanalyzestatisticsofallmajorcrimes.Theseareconstantlykeyedintothecomputer,whichthendisplayswhereandwhentheyhaveoccurredonacolor-codedmap,enablingthepolicetomonitorcrimetrendsastheyhappenandtospothigh-crimeareas.InNewYork,Comstat'sstatisticalmapsareanalyzedeachweekatameetingofthecity'spolicechiefandprecinctcaptains.

MessrsMapleandLinder("specialistsincrime-reductionservices")havenodoubtthattheirsystemisamaincontributortothedropincrime.WhentheyintroduceditinNewOrleansinJanuary1997,violentcrimedroppedby22%inayear;whentheymerelystartedworkinginformallywiththepolicedepartmentinNewark,NewJersey,violentcrimefellby13%.Policedepartmentsarenowlininguptopayasmuchas$50,000amonthforthesetwomentoputthemstraight.

Probablyallthesenewpoliciesandbitsoftechnicalwizardry,addedtogether,havemadeabigdifferencetocrime.Butthereremainanomaliesthatcannotbeexplained,suchasthefactthatcrimeinWashingtonD.C.,hasfallenasfastasanywhere,althoughthepolicedepartmenthasbeencorruptandhopelessand,inlargestretchesofthecity,neitherpolicenorresidentsseemdisposedtofightthecriminalsintheirmidst.

Themoreimportantreasonforthefallincrimerates,manysay,isamuchlesssophisticatedone.Itisafactthatcrimerateshavedroppedastheimprisonmentratesoared.In1997thenationalincarcerationrate,at645per100000peoplewasmorethandoubletheratein1985,andthenumberofinmatesincityandcountyjailsroseby9.4%.almostdoubleitsannualaverageincreasesince1990.Surelysomecriminologistsargue,onesetoffiguresisthecauseoftheother.Itisprecisebecausemorepeoplearebeingsenttoprison,theyclaimthatcrimeratesarefalling.A1993studybytheNationalAcademyofSciencesactuallyconcludedthatthetriplingoftheprisonpopulationbetween1975and1989hadloweredviolentcrimeby10-15%.

Yetcauseandeffectmaynotbesoobviouslylinked.Tobeginwith,thesaleandpossessionofdrugsarenotcountedbytheFBIinitscrimeindex,whichislimitedtoviolentcrimesandcrimesagainstproperty.Yetdrugoffencesaccountformorethanathirdoftherecentincreaseinthenumberofthosejailed;since1980,theincarcerationratefordrugarrestshasincreasedby1000%.Andalthoughaboutthree-quartersofthosegoingtoprisonfordrugoffenceshavecommittedothercrimesaswell,thereisnotyetacrystal-clearconnectionbetweenfillingthejailswithdrug-pushersandadeclineintherateofviolentcrime.Again,thoughnationalfiguresaresuggestive,localonesdiverge:theplaceswherecrimehasdroppedmostsharply(suchasNewYorkCity)arenotalwaystheplaceswhereincarcerationhasrisenfastest.

JackMaplestartedhiscareerin______.

A.PhiladelphiaB.OregonC.NewOrleansD.NewYork

33.

Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Somefamiliesaretoopoortopaythefullamountofthetuition.

B.Theparentsdonotfavortheform.ofloans.

C.Payingthetuitionmakestheparentsfeelhumble.

D.Thosewhoareingreatneedmaynotgetwhattheyneed.

34.

Theauthorimpliesinthesecondparagraphthat______.

A.theproposaloftheDepartmentofJusticeisunjustified

B.surveillanceofanysuspectcommunicationisnecessary

C.civillibertiesgroupsshouldnothaveshownsuchgreatconcern

D.exceptionsshouldbemadeininterceptingcommunications

35.

WhereliessuccessofacountryintheNewAgeofSuperstuff?

A.Itliesinresearch.

B.Itliesininvestment.

C.Itliesininnovation.

D.Itliesinapplication.

36.PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Notlongago,amysteriousChristmascarddroppedthroughourmailslot.TheenvelopewasaddressedtoamannamedRaoul,who,Iwasrelativelycertain,didnotlivewithus.Theenvelopewasn'tsealed,soIopenedit.Theinsideofthecardwasblank.Ed,myhusband,explainedthatthecardwasbothfromandtothenewspaperdeliveryman.HisnamewasapparentlyRaoul,andRaoulwantedaholidaytip.Weweremeanttoputacheckinsidethecardandthendroptheenvelopeinthemail.Whenyourservicesarerenderedat4a.m.,youcan'tsimplyhangaround,likeahotelbellboyexpectingatip.Youhavetobedirect.

SoIwroteaniceholidaygreetingtothismanwho,inmyimagination,firesTheNewYorkTimesfromhishikeaimedatourfrontdoor,causingmorenoisewithmerenewsprintthanmostpeoplemanagewithsophisticatedblackmarketfireworks.

Withastart,Irealizedthatperhapsthereasonforthe4a.m.—wake-upnoisewasnotordinaryrudenessbutcarefullyexecutedspite:IhadnottippedRaoulinChristmasespast.Ihonestlyhadn'trealizedIwassupposedto.Thiswasthefirsttimehe'dusedthecardtactic.SoIgotoutmycheckbook.Somewherealongtheline,holidaytippingwentfromanoptionalthank-youforayearofservicestoaMtectionracket(收取保護費的黑社會組織)

Severaldayslater,IwasbringingourgarbagebinsbackfromthecurbwhenInoticedanenvelopetapedtooneofthelids.TheoutsideoftheenvelopesaidMICKEY.Ithadtobeanothertiprequest,thistimefromourgarbagecollector.UnlikeRaoul,Mickeyhadn'tenclosedhisownChristmascardfromme.Inaway,Iappreciatedthedirectness."Iknowyoudon'tcarehowmerrymyChristmasis,andthat'sfine,"thegesturesaid."Iwant$30,orI'll'forget'toemptyyourgarbagebinsomehotsummerday."

Iputacheckintheenvelopeandtapeditbacktothebin.Thenextmorning,Ednoticedthattheenvelopewasgone,thoughthetrashhadn'tyetbeenpickedup:"SomeonestoleMickey'stip!"Edwasquitecertain.Hemademecallthebankandcancelthecheck.

ButEdhadbeenwrong.Twoweekslater,Mickeyleftaletterfromthebankonoursteps.TheletterinformedMickeythatthecheck,whichhehadtriedtocash,hadbeencancelled.ThefollowingTuesdaymorning,whenEdsawatruckoutside,heranoutwithhiswallet."AreyouMickey?"

Themanlookedathimwithscorn."Mickeyisthegarbageman.Iamtherecycling."NotonlyhadEdinsultedthismanbyhintingthathewasagarbageman,buthehadobviouslyneglectedtotiphim.Edranbackinsideformorefunds.Thenhenoticedthatthedriverofthetruckhadbeenwatchingthewholetransaction.Hepeeledoffanothertwentyandlookedaround,wavingbillsintheair."Anyoneelse?"

HadweconsultedthewebsiteoftheEmilyPostInstitute,thisembarrassingbreachofetiquette(禮節(jié))couldhavebeenavoided.Under"trash/recyclingcollectors"intheinstitute'sHolidayTippingGuidelines,itsays,"$10to$30each."Youmayormaynotwishtoknowthatyourpetgroomer,hairdresser,mailmanandUPSguyallexpectaholidaytip.

Thenewspaperdeliverymanputablankcardinsidetheenvelopebecause______.

A.heforgottowriteafewwordsonit

B.hewantedthecoupletosenditback

C.heusedittoaskforaChristmastip

D.hewasafraidofaskingforatipinperson

37.

Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

A.Anowboom,onthehorizon．

B.Tightenthebelt,thesingleremedy．

C.Cautionallright,panicnot．

D.Themoreventures,themorechances．

38.

Intheirstudy,researchersledbyPierreMaquettookadvantageofthetechniqueof______.

A.exposingalong-heldfolkwisdom

B.clarifyingthepredictionsondreams

C.makingcontrastsandcomparisons

D.correlatingeffectswiththeircauses

39.(72)

40.

Accordingtothefirstparagraphofthepassage,theauthorconsiderswhichofthefollowingtobemosthelpfulindeterminingthevalueofspecialprotectivelaborlegislationforwomen?

A.Acomparativestudyofpatternsofwork-relatedillnessesinstatesthathadsuchlawsandinstatesmatdidnot.

B.Anestimateofhowmanywomenworkersareinfavorofsuchlaws.

C.Ananalysisofthecosttoemployersofcomplyingwithsuchlaws.

D.Anexaminationoftheactualeffectsthatsuchlawshavehadinthepast0nwomenworkers.

四、閱讀理解(5題)41.

第

29

題

avarietyofspeciesareonthedecrease?__________

42.

第

49

題

WhatdoesMacDonaldwarnpeoplewhentheyintendtobuylifeinsuranceproducts?

43.

第

36

題

producessmallamountsofwaste?__________

44.

第

48

題

describesthestoryofarealwitchwhowasaskedtoacttheroleofanimaginarywitchaccidentally?__________

45.

第

25

題

WhatadvicemightMaquetgivetothosewhohaveacrucialtestthenextday?

參考答案

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.B

5.B

6.A

7.A

8.B

9.B

10.C

11.A

12.B

13.B

14.C

15.A

16.whowho解析：此空后的句子顯然為定語從句，修飾“Behaviorists”，所以應(yīng)填一個who，引導修飾人的定語從句。

17.areare解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里缺少系動詞be來構(gòu)成動詞的被動形式。故答案為are。

18.inin解析：inturn意為“轉(zhuǎn)而，反過來”，此句意為“給他們講明這些小成功成為建立聲譽的基礎(chǔ)，而且從這些小成功開始更重要的任務(wù)才能被完成。”。

19.displaydisplay解析：這里要回應(yīng)本段第一句話中的“displayed”。在出口結(jié)算處展示的這些小商品無疑是一種誘惑。這里需要用名詞形式。故答案為display。

20.takestakes解析：要注意時態(tài)，這里意為“占據(jù)”，所以所以此處應(yīng)填“takes”。

21.andand解析：這三個分詞短語是并列的，故中間的連詞只能用and。

22.AsAs解析：此句意為“…后一種觀點的例子，…”顯然，空處應(yīng)填“作為”。

23.personperson解析：本句話的意思是“與此相反的一類人是那些想入非非的人?！备鶕?jù)上下文的要求這里應(yīng)該填入man的同義詞。故答案為person。

24.thatthat解析：此空后面的句子為suggesting的內(nèi)容，即應(yīng)為其賓語從句，所以此空處應(yīng)填引導賓語從句的詞，即that。

25.asas解析：thinkofsth．a(chǎn)ssth．為固定短語，意為“把某物想成某物”。

26.C解析：由短文第一段中的“Smithnoted，‘Betweentheamoutofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease，circulatorydisorders，strokeandevenearlydeath．’”可知。

27.C解析：由第三段最后一句“Lifeinsuranceisan…isnotsubjecttotaxes，incontrasttootherpersonalinvestments．”可知。

28.C解析：從第一段最后一句話“Botticelli'sworkremainedoutsideofacceptedtaste,pleasingneitheramateurobserversnorconnoisseurs.”可知，作者講述了那些評論家，不管是業(yè)余的還是職業(yè)的，他們都不滿意它的作品風格。所以這個詞的意思可能是“對作品做出評論的那些業(yè)余人士”。故應(yīng)選C。

29.B解析：對于婦女的慣常思維沒有因為法律而變化，所以A項不正確。根據(jù)第二段第一句話可知B項正確。從常識判斷，雇主是不會主動提出提高婦女權(quán)益保護的，所以他們的保護不會比立法前多，故C項是不正確的。D項從文中不能推斷出。

30.A解析：由第四段最后兩句話可知，基因并不能決定一切，因此減肥不會因為肥胖基因的干擾而沒有任何作用，故A項正確。B項和作者的觀點是相反的。D項文中未提到。

3