2023年廣東省潮州市統(tǒng)招專升本英語自考真題(含答案)

2023年廣東省潮州市統(tǒng)招專升本英語自考真題(含答案)

一、單選題(20題)1.InChineseculture,children'smarriagedecisionswereoftenmadebyparents（）

A.traditionalB.historicC.remoteD.initial

2.Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner（）shehadpromisedus

A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

3.Acountry（）birthrateishigherthanitsdeathratewillhaveanincreasingpopulation

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whose

4.Hetoldusthestoriesandthewritersinterestedhim（）

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who

5.Apositiveanswermakesyoufeelgood,butanoneteachesyoualot（）

A.affirmativeB.negativeC.objectiveD.subjective

6.Please（）yourovercoatfromtheseatsothatIcansitdown

A.moveB.shiftC.transferD.remove

7.Mr.Brownwonders______intheworldsalariesarehigherforadministrators（）

A.howB.whyC.whatD.when

8.Bythetimeyougraduate,I_______inthiscompanyfortwoyears（）

A.willbestaying

B.willhavestayed

C.wouldhavestayed

D.havestayed

9.You’venevertoldmewhyyoudidn’tcometomybirthdayparty，_____（）

A.don’tyouB.haveyouC.didn’tyouD.hadyou

10.Mostpeoplehavecometorealizethatitishightimethegovernment______furthermeasurestocontroltheairpollution（）

A.musttakeB.istakingC.tookD.takes

11.It'snogood.Youjusthavetoputupwithallthese（）

A.complainedB.complainingC.tobecomplainingD.tocomplain

12.It’snotagoodhabittoleaveyourwork（）

A.donehalfB.halfdoneC.ahalfdoneD.doneahalf

13.—Whereismycellphone?Ican’tfindit.

—Well,you______haveputitsomewhere（）

A.shouldB.mustC.oughttoD.would

14.Theengineertriedto（）theproblemwithseveraldrawings

A.recognizeB.impressC.illustrateD.identify

15.Infaceof______failure,itisthemostimportanttokeepup______goodstateofmind（）

A./;aB.a;/C.the;/D.a;the

16.Themostimportantisnot_____youdo,but_____youdoit（）

A.when;howB.what;whatC.what;howD.how;what

17.ItwasnotuntilDecember31wefinallygotaletterfromhim（）

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.then

18._____somemoretime,andIwillfindasolutiontotheproblem（）

A.GivingmeB.GiventomeC.GivemeD.Givetome

19.Physicsisthepresent-dayequivalentofusedtobecallednaturalphilosophy（）

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where

20.Youmusthavesaidsomethingtoher,asshewascryingaftertalkingwithyou（）

A.defendB.offendC.confuseD.offer

二、選詞填空題(10題)21.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhogotoconcerts,showsandmuseumscanlivelongerthan1whodonot.ExpertsfromUniversityCollegeLondonhavebeenexaminingthelifestylesofover6,700Britishpeople215years.They3howoftenthepeoplewentoutandwhatkindsofeventstheyattended.Theyfoundthatpeopleover50yearsold4regularlywenttoconcertswereabout30percent5likelytodieoverthenext14years.Theresearcherssaidtheover50scouldextendtheirlife6engagingwiththearts.Inadditiontolivinglongerconcertgoerscouldalsohavemorefun.TheUKHealthSecretaryMattHancockbelievestherecouldbealotof7intheresearch.Hesaidartsandculturecould8thingslikementalhealth,agingandloneliness.He9announcedplansfortheUK’sNationalHealthServicetousetheartstohelppeopleliveahealthierlife.Oneresearchersaid,“Ourresultshighlighttheimportanceof10toexplorenewsocialfactorsthataffectourhealth.”1.____

22.3.____

23.Studentsatuniversitycanlearnandmakefriends1willlastalifetime.However,thecostofstudyingisontherise.Thisincreasemeansthatmoststudentscangetintomoneytrouble2theydonotknowhowtomanagetheirmoney.Itisnotjustthecoursefees.Studentsmustalso3forroomandboard.Inaddition,theymayspendmoney4clothes,travel,andotherthings.Thus,studentsneedtobudget5.Atmostuniversitiesteacherscangivestudentssuggestionsonhowtospendtheirmoney.Thefirstthingtheysuggestistowritedownyour6,forexample,themoneyyouwillgetfromyourfamilyorapart-timejob.Thenlistallofyourexpenses.Putyourexpensesintotwo7:thosethatchange(food,books,travel),andthosethatwillstaythesame(tuition,roomandboard).Addtogetherallofyourexpenses.Whenyoudothis,youfinditis8toplanoutyourbudget.Thismeansyoucansaveyourmoney,ratherthantryingto9fromothers.Asyoucansee,thereismoretolearnatuniversitythanjust10istaughtintheclassroom.____

三、情景對話(10題)24.75.____（）

25.Task1（每小題2分，共10分）

W：Goodmorning，Mr.Zhang.IamChenHua，andI'llbeinterviewingyou.Howareyoutoday?

M：66

W：Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourexperiencesinthiskindofwork?

M：Well，formanyyears，ImanagedadepartmentfortheRedstoneCompanyinLondon.NowIworkpart-timebecauseIalsogotoschoolatnight.I'mgettingabusinessdegree.

W：Oh，howinteresting.67

M：I'llfinishschoolinafewmonths，andI'dlikeafull-timepositionwithmoreresponsibility.

W：Andwhywouldyouliketoworkforourcompany?

M：68

W：Couldyoupleasetellmeaboutyourspecialskillsandinterests?

M：Ofcourse，I'mgoodatcomputersandIcanspeakFrench.IusedtotakeFrenchclassesatthelocalcollege.69

W：Canyougivemeanyreferences?

M：Yes，certainly.YoucantalktoMr.Wang，myboss，attheRedstoneCompany.Icouldalsogiveyouthenamesandnumbersofseveralofmyteachers.

W：Allright，Mr.Zhang.70

M：Yes,IwonderwhenI'llbeinformedaboutmyapplicationforthejob?

W：Well，we'llletyouknowassoonaspossible.Let'skeepintouch.Thankyouverymuchforyourcoming.

M：Thankyou.

A.Iamfine.Thankyou.

B.Wouldyouliketoaskmeanyquestions?

C.AndIliketravellingalot.

D.BecauseIknowyourcompany'swork，andIlikeit.

E.Tellme,whydoyouwanttoleaveyourpresentjob

66.____（）

26.69.____（）

27.2（）

A.Ienjoyapproachingproblemsdirectly

B.Nicetomeetyou

C.Whatareyourstrengths?

D.Tellmeaboutyourworkexperience

E.IthinkI’mverylevelheaded

28.73.____（）

29.Man：Hello.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith?

Woman：11Heisinanimportantmeeting.Oh,yes.I’msuretherewillbeanendofthismeetingbyfiveo’clockthisafternoon.12

Man：Yes.ThisisJones.Thenumber…

Woman：Oh!（Theotherphonerings）.13Ihaveanothercallontheotherline.Holdonaminute,please,ifyoudon’tmind.

…

Woman：Hello.Areyouthere,Mr.Jones?

Man：Yes,thenumberis5079864.14

Woman：Yes,ofcourse.

Man：CouldyoutellhimI’mattheBeijingHotelinRoom4021?

Woman：15I’msurehe’llbecallingyouback.Good-bye.

A.Pleaseletmethinkitover.

B.I’mafraidIcan’tansweryourquestion.

C.Allright.

D.Couldyoutellmeyournameandgivemeyourtelephonenumber,please?

E.CanIleaveamessage,please?

F.I’msorry.

G.Excuseme,Mr.Jones

30.73.____（）

31.Peter:Goodafternoon.MynameisPeter.I'mthegeneralmanagerofthepersonneldepartment.I'llbeinterviewingyou.Pleasesitdown.

Jon:71Myname'sJonSmith.

Peter:Well,Jon,it'sapleasuretomeetyou.72

Jon:I'vebeenamanageratNikeforoverthreeyears.IwonManageroftheYearAwardtwoyearsago,andIgotpromotedlastAugust.

Peter:OK.Tellmeaboutyourself,suchasyourpersonality.

Jon:73IthinkbeforeIact,andifsomethinggoeswronginourcompanyIalwaysremaincalm.Inevershoutatmyemployees.AndI'veneverlostmytemper.

Peter:74

Jon:IthinkI'mgoodatsolvingproblems.75Ialsolovechallenges.Iworkwellunderpressure.Whenmybosspushesmetofinishaprojectearly,Ialwaysgetitdoneandnevercomplain.

Peter:Jon,youseemlikeaverygoodmanager.Ilikeyourambition.You'reveryconfidentandmotivated.Well,ourinterviewisover.

A.Ienjoyapproachingproblemsdirectly.

B.Nicetomeetyou.

C.Whatareyourstrengths?

D.Tellmeaboutyourworkexperience.

E.IthinkI'mverylevel-headed

71.____（）

32.70.____（）

33.74.____（）

四、翻譯(10題)34.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecordsandstamps

35.我們將盡可能多地改進我們的工作

36.Beingthefirsttodeclareyourlovecanbeverynervousandriskyandcanleaveyoufeelingasvulnerableasaturtlewithnoshell

37.Lackofcouragekeptthisyoungmanfromrealizinghisdream

38.在他最近寫的自傳里，他把自己的成功歸功于父母的鼓勵

39.Weshouldtrytoadvisethesechildrentoresistthetemptationofplayingvideogames

40.這就是我不贊成修改計劃的原因

41.我們對人生應(yīng)該有積極的態(tài)度

42.雖然有很多困難，他們還是下定決心履行諾言

43.據(jù)報道明年那里要修建一條新鐵路

五、閱讀理解(10題)44.WhatattitudedoesthewriterholdtowardthepeoplewhodiedintheWarof1812（）

A.CuriousB.AmazedC.SympatheticD.Angry

45.Hemingwaywasborninlllinois,hisfamilytookhimasaboyonfrequenthuntingandfishingtripsandsoacquaintedhimearlywiththekindsofvirtues（美德）,suchascourageandendurance,whichwerelaterreflectedinhisfiction（文學(xué)作品）Afterhighschool.heworkedasanewspaperreporterandthenwentoverseatotakepartinWorldWarI.heAfterthewarhelivedforseveralyearsinParis,whereheconsideredthemselvesalostgeneration.Itwasnotlongbeforehebegantopublishonpeople,orcontests,suchashuntingorbullfighting,whichdemandstaminaandcourage.

Hemingway’sstyleofwritingisstriking,Hissentencesareshort,hiswordssimple,Yettheyareoftenfilledwithemotion.Acarefulreadingcanshowus,furthermore,thatheisamasterofthepause.Thatis,ifwelookclosely,weseehowtheactionofhisstoriescontinuesduringthesilences,duringthetimeshischaracterssaynothing,Thisactionisoftenfullofmeaning,Therearetimeswhenthemostpowerfuleffectcomesfromrestraint（適度）.SuchtimesoccurofteninHemingway’sfiction.Heperfectedtheartofexpressingemotionwithfewwords

ThewordstaminainthelastlineofParagraph1canmostprobablybereplacedby_____（）

A.moneyB.timeC.energyD.weapon

46.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan______（）

A.broadentheirhorizons

B.becomenobleidealists

C.receiveguidanceintheircareers

D.balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts

47.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingtablesattheageof19（）

A.Shefeltbadlyhurtwhenhercustomersregardedherasapeon（苦工）

B.Shefeltitunfairtobetreatedasamereservantbyprofessionals

C.Shewasembarrassedeachtimehercustomersjokedwithher

D.Shefounditnaturalforprofessionalstotreatherasaninferior

48.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout______（）

A.theteenagerscriticismoftheirparents

B.misunderstandingbetweenteenagersandtheirparents

C.thedominanceoftheparentsovertheirchildren

D.theteenagers’abilitytodealwithcrises

49.Task2

Directions:ThistaskisthesameasTask1.The5questionsorunfinishedstatementsarenumbered41to45.

Accordingtopsychologists（心理學(xué)家）,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethingthathethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.Itcanbecreatedbyaperson'sthoughts.

Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.

Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions：positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delightandhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadnessanddisgust.Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.

Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromthem.Inordertofeelhappy,thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination

Welearnfromthepassagethatanemotioniscreatedbysomething（）

A.onethinksbadorgood

B.onefeelsindanger

C.onefacesintheoutsideworld

D.onetriestoescapefromreallife

50.Inordertopickupaqualifiedandanhonestcandidate,Conradsuggeststhatwe_________（）

A.examinetheresumescarefully

B.inspectthecandidatesaggressively

C.correcttheresumesintentionally

D.compareone’sresumewithothers’

51.Theeasywayoutisn’talwayseasiest.IlearnedthatlessonwhenIdecidedtotreatDoug,myhusbandofonemonth,toaspecialmeal.Iglancedthroughmycookbookandchoseamenuwhichincludedhomemadebread.

Knowingthebreadwouldtaketime,IstartedonitassoonasDougleftforwork.AsIwasnotexperiencedincooking,Ithoughtifadozenwasgood,twodozenwouldbebetter,soIdoubledeverything.AsDouglovedoranges,Ialsoopenedacanoforangeandpoureditallintothebowl.Soontherewasastickydoughcoveredwithuglyyellowishmarks.RealizingIhadbeendefeated,IputthedoughintherubbishbinoutsidesoIwouldn’thavetofaceDouglaughingatmywork.Iwentonpreparingtherestofthemeal,and,whenDouggothome,wesatdowntoCornishchickenwithrice.Hetriedtoenjoythemealbutseemeddisturbed.Twicehegotupandwentoutside,sayinghethoughtheheardanoise.Thethirdtimeheleft,Iwenttothewindowstoseewhathewasdoing.Lookingout,IsawDougstandingaboutthreefeetfromtherubbishbin,holdingthelidupwithastickandlookingintothecontainer.WhenIcameoutofthehouse,hedroppedthestickandexplainedthattherewassomethingaliveinourrubbishbin.Pickingupthestickagain,thenheldthelidupenoughformetosee.Ifeltcold.ButIsteppedcloserandlookedharder.Withoutdoubtitwasmywork.Thehotsunhadcausedthedoughtodoubleinsizeandthefermentingyeast（酵母）madethesurfaceshakeandsighasthoughitwerebreathing.Ihadtoadmitwhatthelivingthingwasandwhyitwasthere.Idon’tknowwhowasmoreembarrassed（尷尬）bythewholething—Dougorme

Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis（）

A.totellaninterestingexperience

B.toshowtheeasiestwayoutofadifficulty

C.todescribethetroublefacinganewlymarriedwoman

D.toexplainthedifficultyoflearningtocookfrombooks

52.Directions:Therearefourreadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswer.

Passage1

CrimeisaseriousprobleminBritain.Onesortofcrimewhichparticularlyworriespeopleisjuvenilecrime—thatis,crimescommittedbyyoungpeople.Forsomeyears,juvenilecrimehasbeenincreasing.Therearetwomainsortsofjuvenilecrime:stealingandviolence.Mostpeopledonotunderstandwhyyoungpeoplecommitthesecrimes.Thereare,Ithink,alargenumberofdifferentreasons.

Thesecrimesarenotusuallycommittedbypeoplewhoarepoororinneed.Youngpeopleoftendislikeandhatetheadultworld.Theywilldothingstoshowthattheyarerebels.AlsoinBritaintodayitiseasierforyoungpeopletocommitcrimesbecausetheyhavemorefreedomtogowheretheylikeandmoremoneytodowhattheylike.

Therearetwootherpossiblecauseswhichareworthmentioning.MoreandmorepeopleinBritainliveinlargetowns.Inalargetownnooneknowswhoanyoneelseisorwheretheylive.ButinthevillageIcomefromcrimesarerarebecauseeveryoneknowseverybodyelse.

Althoughitisdifficulttoexplain,Ithinkthelastcauseisveryimportant.Perhapsthereissomethingwrongwithoursocietywhichencouragesviolenceandcrime.Itisafactthatallthecriminalchildrenareexposedtofilmsandreportsaboutcrimeandviolence.Manypeopledonotagreethatthisinfluencestheyoungpeople,butIthinkthatyoungpeopleareverymuchinfluencedbythesocietytheygrowin.Ifeelthatthefaultmaybeasmuchwithourwholesocietyaswiththeseyoungpeople

FromthepassageweknowthatmanyBritishpeopleareconfusedabout（）

A.thecausesofjuvenilecrime

B.theriseofthecrimerate

C.theproblemofcrimeintheircountry

D.thevariouskindsofjuveniledelinquency

53.Passage1

Findingagoodwork-at-homejobisnoteasy.Althoughyouseealltheonlineadvertising,therearen'tthatmanyofthem.Thosethatareavailablemayrequirethatyouliveinacertainareaorspendatleastsometimeintheoffice.Othersmaybeonlypart-timejobs.Keepinmindthattheskillsneededforhomeemploymentaresimilartothoseneededforworkinginanoffice.You'llalsoneedahomeofficewithahigh-speedInternetconnection,phone,fax,computer,printer,andotherbasicofficeequipment.

Togetstarted,consideryourjobsearchasyourjob.Spendasmanyhoursperweekonyourjobsearchasyouwouldspendworking.Ifyou'relookingforafull-timejob,youshouldspendfull-timehoursseekingajob.

Networking（人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)）remainsthetopwaytofindajobanditdoeswork.Developcontacts—friends,families,andeventheotherjobseekers,anyonewhomighthavetheinformationyouneed.Youcantakeadirectapproachandaskforjobinformationortryalessformalapproachandaskforinformationandadvice.Contacteveryoneyouknowandtellthemyouwanttoworkathome.Youmaybesurprisedbythepeopletheyknowandthejobinformationtheycanprovide

Accordingtothefirstparagraph,itisnoteasytofindgoodwork-at-homejobsprobablybecause（）

A.theyareseldomadvertisedonlineorinnewspapers

B.theymayrequirethatyouliveinacertainplace

C.youarealwaysaskedtoworkfull-time

D.youneedtohaveacollegedegree

六、作文題(1題)54.Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionentitledBody-building.YoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegivenbelowandwriteitontheAnswerSheet.

1.近年來越來越多的人開始加入各種健身俱樂部或健身中心。

2.人們健身的目的有哪些。

3.你的看法

參考答案

1.A在中國的傳統(tǒng)文化中，孩子的婚姻往往是由父母決定的。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Atraditional：傳統(tǒng)的；historic：有歷史意義的，歷史性的；remote：遙遠的，偏僻的；initial：最初的，初步的。根據(jù)句意可知，選A

2.C句意：這頓晚餐并不像她承諾我們的那般好。這里考查定語從句的用法，這里先行詞前有sucha修飾，所有關(guān)系詞只能用as。

3.D（如果）一個國家的出生率比死亡率高，那么它的人口就會增長。

［考點］定語從句

【精析】D空處需要填入一個關(guān)系代詞來引導(dǎo)定語從句，且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作birthrate的定語，所以關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該是所有格形式。綜合考慮上述因素，選D

4.A他告訴我們他感興趣的故事和作家們。

［考點］定語從句

【精析】A分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句成分不完整，缺少主語。在定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞為兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的名詞或代詞時，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that。本句中that指代stories和writers，在從句中作主語。故選A

5.B肯定的答復(fù)會讓你感覺良好，但否定的答復(fù)會讓你學(xué)到許多。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Baffirmative：肯定的，同意的；negative：否定的，消極的；objective：客觀的；subjective：主觀的。根據(jù)句意可知，選B

6.D請把你的外套從座位上拿開，這樣我就可以坐下了。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Dmove:移動，是普通用詞，指從一處到另一處的任何距離的轉(zhuǎn)移；shift:轉(zhuǎn)移，移動，改變位置，側(cè)重指使某物在方向或位置上發(fā)生變動；transfer：轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)移，一般表示轉(zhuǎn)送或移交遷移；remove:拿走，搬開，常用于removesth.fromsomeplace結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為把某物從某地移開、拿走。根據(jù)句意可知，選D

7.B句意：布朗先生想知道究竟為什么管理人員能拿更高的工資。本題考查連詞的用法。題干中wonders后面應(yīng)該為一個賓語從句，句中不缺主語或賓語，所以排除C；短語intheworld意為究竟，再分析句子的邏輯關(guān)系，我們可以得出答案為B

8.B到你畢業(yè)的時候，我將已經(jīng)在這家公司待兩年了。

［考點］動詞時態(tài)

【精析】Bbythetime意為到……的時候（為止），在句中起連詞的作用，可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句應(yīng)用將來完成時，即will/shallhave+過去分詞的形式，表示持續(xù)到將來某個時間以前的動作或狀態(tài)。故選B

9.B你從未告訴我你為何沒來參加我的生日宴會，不是嗎？

［考點］反意疑問句

【精析】B當(dāng)陳述部分中主句的主語不是第一人稱I時，附加疑問部分的主語和謂語應(yīng)與主句中的主語和謂語保持一致，又因主句中出現(xiàn)了否定詞never,所以此處應(yīng)用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)haveyou

10.C

11.B抱怨是沒有用的，你只能默默忍受所有這些。

［考點］非謂語動詞

【精析】BIt’snogood/use后面跟的動名詞形式作句子真正的主語，It為句子的形式主語，也可將It’snogood/usedoingsth.視為固定用法，意為做某事是沒有用的。故選B

12.B工作時半途而廢是不好的習(xí)慣。

［考點］固定用法

【精析】Bleaveone’sworkhalfdone為常用搭配，意為只做一半工作。故選B

13.B——我的手機在哪里？我找不到它了。

——哦，你一定是把它放在什么地方了。

［考點］情態(tài)動詞

【精析】Bmusthavedone表示對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測，符合題意。should/oughttohavedone表示本應(yīng)該做某事，實際上沒有做；wouldhavedone表示對過去發(fā)生事情的虛擬。故選B

14.CC句意：工程師試圖用幾個圖示來闡明這一問題。詞義辨析。recognize:認出，識別，承認；impress:給予某人深刻印象；illustrate:闡明，舉例說明；identify:確認，識別。根據(jù)句意，選C

15.A句意：面對失敗時，最重要的是要保持一個好心態(tài)。抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞，但當(dāng)其前有限定詞修飾時，可與不定冠詞連用，表示某一具體情況、動作、狀態(tài)或某一類物質(zhì)。failure表示抽象概念失敗，agoodstateofmind意為一種好心態(tài)，故選A

16.C［翻譯］最重要的不是你做什么，而是你怎么做。

［考點］名詞性從句

【精析】C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格后的從句在句中作表語，因此這是一個表語從句。由第一空后的youdo可知此空應(yīng)選what作do的賓語，而第二空后為youdoit，句子成分完整，因此應(yīng)選副詞how，表示怎么，如何，故本題應(yīng)選C

17.A直到12月31日，我們才最終收到他的來信。

［考點］強調(diào)句

【精析】A在強調(diào)not…until…句型中表示時間狀語的until短語或從句時，要用固定的強調(diào)句型Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。本句強調(diào)的是時間狀語untilDecember31，對此進行強調(diào)時，應(yīng)將not置于被強調(diào)部分里面。故選A

18.C［翻譯］再給我一些時間，我就會找到這個問題的解決方法。

［考點］祈使句

【精析】C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，and前為一個單獨的句子，且givesb.sth.是固定用法，表示給某人某物，故本題應(yīng)選C，構(gòu)成一個祈使句

19.C當(dāng)今的物理就是以前被稱之為自然哲學(xué)的對應(yīng)學(xué)科。

［考點］賓語從句

【精析】C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，of后為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，所以應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)從句。故選C

20.B你一定說了什么冒犯她的話了，因為跟你談話之后她就一直哭。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Bdefend:保衛(wèi)，維護；offend：冒犯，使不悅；confuse：使迷惑；offer：提供。根據(jù)句意可知，選B

21.JA.studied（v.學(xué)習(xí)，研究）B.continuing（v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)）C.by（prep.通過）D.who（pron.引導(dǎo)定語從句）E.whose（pron.引導(dǎo)定語從句）F.improve（v.改進，改善）G.truth（n.事實，真相）H.ignored（v.忽視，不予理睬）I.recently（adv.最近，不久前）J.those（pron.那些）K.for（prep.表示一段時間）L.less（adv.更少，較少）J分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后的who引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，空處為其先行詞，所以空處應(yīng)填指人的名詞或代詞。符合要求的選項只有J。those在此處指代上文中的people，此處表達的是“不去（音樂會、演出和博物館）的那些人”。故選J。

22.EK根據(jù)空后的名詞短語15years可知，空處應(yīng)填介詞。符合要求的選項有C、K。句意：15年來，來自倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的專家們一直在調(diào)查超過6,700名英國人的生活方式。故選K。

23.HH分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)填引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，修飾指人的先行詞friends。符合要求的選項只有H。句意：學(xué)生在上大學(xué)時可以學(xué)習(xí)并交到將持續(xù)一生的朋友。故選H。

24.D

25.A

26.E

27.D

28.A

29.11.F12.D13.G14.E15.C

30.E

31.B

32.A

33.B

34.你可能想聽古典音樂，而不想去派對。你可能在其他所有人都在收集唱片和郵票的時候想收集石頭

35.Wewillmakeasmanyimprovementsaspossibleinourwork

36.先表明愛意的人會很緊張、很冒險，會讓你有種像沒有殼的海龜那樣的脆弱感

37.缺乏勇氣使得這個年輕人難以實現(xiàn)自己的夢想

38.Inhisrecentlywrittenautobiography,heattributeshissuccesstohisparents’encouragement

39.我們應(yīng)該努力去勸這些孩子抵制打視頻游戲的誘惑

40.ThisisthereasonwhyIamnotinfavourofrevisingtheplan

41.Weshouldhaveapositiveattitudetowardslife.【精析】本句考查常用短語的翻譯。對……有積極的態(tài)度可譯為haveapositiveattitudeto/towards

42.Inspiteofallthedifficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryouttheirpromises

43.Itisreportedthatanewrailwaywillbebuilttherenextyear.【精析】據(jù)報道為常用句型，應(yīng)譯為Itisreportedthat…。鐵路為主語，應(yīng)放于that從句之首，而時間和地點作為狀語應(yīng)放于最后。同時，anewrailway放于句首可起到強調(diào)作用，且build（修建）與主語為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用其被動形式

44.C

45.C[答案]C

[詳解]staminameansenergy