2020版高考英語新設(shè)計(jì)一輪復(fù)習(xí)外研全國版講義必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature

(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意1．hurricanen． 颶風(fēng)2．lightningn．[縱聯(lián)1] 閃電3．thunderstormn. 雷暴4．tornadon. 龍卷風(fēng)5．currentn. 海流；潮流6．feathern. 羽毛7．furn. (動物的)毛皮8．tropicaladj. 熱帶的9．waven. 波浪10．cemeteryn. 墓地；公墓11．a(chǎn)shn. 灰12．volcanon. 火山Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形1．disastern. 災(zāi)難2．floodn. 洪水3．causevt. 引起；導(dǎo)致4．buryvt. 埋葬5．occurvi.[縱聯(lián)2、3] 發(fā)生6．strikevt.&n. (雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊7．ruinvt. 毀壞8．previousadj. 以前的9．worldwideadj. 全世界的10．a(chǎn)ctiveadj. 積極的；活躍的11．damagen．&v．[縱聯(lián)4] 損失；損害12．earthquaken. 地震Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變1．experiencevt.經(jīng)歷；體驗(yàn)n．經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)→experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的2．furnituren．家具→furnishvt.裝備；配備3．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)烈的→violencen．暴力→violentlyadv.猛烈地；激烈地；強(qiáng)烈地4．eruptvt.(火山的)爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)→eruptionn．(火山的)爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)5．possibilityn．可能；可能性→possibleadj.可能的→possiblyadv.可能地→impossibleadj.不可能的6．terrifyingadj.嚇人的；可怕的→terrifiedadj.感到害怕的；極度恐懼的→terrifyvt.使害怕；使恐懼7．luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)地；幸虧→luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的→luckn．運(yùn)氣；幸運(yùn)8．thankfullyadv.感激地；滿懷感謝地→thankfuladj.感激的；感謝的→thankvt.&n．感謝；謝謝[縱聯(lián)5]9．hopefullyadv.滿懷希望地；有希望地→hopefuladj.有希望的→hopev．&n．希望；期望10．sadlyadv.傷心地；不幸地→sadadj.傷心的→sadnessn．悲傷11．fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地；幸虧→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的→fortunen．運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富12．warningn．警告→warnv．警告縱聯(lián)1.以-ing結(jié)尾的名詞一覽①lightning閃電 ②warning警告③feeling感覺；感情 ④greeting問候；致意⑤suffering痛苦；苦難 ⑥training訓(xùn)練；鍛煉“發(fā)生”你可能不知道①occur(偶然)發(fā)生 ②happen(偶然)發(fā)生③takeplace(計(jì)劃等)發(fā)生 ④breakout(災(zāi)害、戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā)⑤comeabout發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生(尤指不受控制地)縱聯(lián)3.詞形變換雙寫“r”①occur/occurred/occurred/occurring②refer/referred/referred/referring③prefer/preferred/preferred/preferring④transfer/transferred/transferred/transferring“損害”多留意①damage損害 ②destroy(徹底地)毀壞③ruin(逐漸地)毀壞 ④harm損害⑤injure損害 ⑥hurt損害縱聯(lián)5.后綴-ly副詞小結(jié)①thankfully感激地 ②hopefully滿懷希望地③bravely勇敢地 ④quietly安靜地⑤similarly相似地 ⑥fluently流利地⑦truly真正地 ⑧wholly整體地；完全單元話題——自然災(zāi)害子話題1各種自然災(zāi)害①snowstormn．暴風(fēng)雪 ②mudsliden．泥石流③catastrophen．大災(zāi)難；浩劫 ④tsunamin．海嘯⑤droughtn．干旱 ⑥sandstormn．沙塵暴⑦landsliden．滑坡 ⑧typhoonn．臺風(fēng)子話題2自然災(zāi)害的影響①destructionn．破壞 ②meltvi.融化；溶化③releasen．&v．釋放 ④severeadj.嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的⑤trapvt.使……陷入困境 ⑥victimn．受害者；犧牲品⑦muddyadj.泥濘的 ⑧l(xiāng)avan．火山巖漿⑨t(yī)errifyvt.使恐懼；驚嚇 ⑩radioactiveadj.放射性的[學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1．(2016·北京高考閱讀B)OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce?.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.?(fortunate),Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity'sbridgesclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodin?(ruin)．ManyofNatalie'sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'sschoolwasso?(damage)thatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.①用本單元中的詞匯替換fierce：violent②用fortunate的正確形式填空：Fortunately。-ate為形容詞后綴，類似的單詞有considerate,desperate等③用ruin的正確形式填空：ruins；常用短語in_ruins表示：嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪④用damage的正確形式填空：damaged2．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ完形填空)Thestorybeganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClubperformedtheirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandtheveryideaofcommunicatingwithoutspeakingattracted?me.WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingI?(experience)inthepast.Thisnewnessjustleftmewantingmore.①用本單元的詞匯替換attracted：struck②用experience的正確形式填空：had_experienced。experience還可用作名詞，作“(一次)經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)”講時為可數(shù)名詞；作“(由實(shí)踐得來的)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，閱歷”講時為不可數(shù)名詞高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))而且，歡迎你們每個人積極參加這個活動，欣賞這部電影。(active)What's_more,_everyone_of_you_will_be_welcome_to_take_active_part_in_the_activity,_enjoying_the_movie.2．(2018·浙江高考寫作)另一方面，我通過在一家旅行社做兼職陪同一些外國游客積累了相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(experience)For_another,_I_have_accumulated_related_experience_by_working_part-time_in_a_travel_agency,_accompanying_some_foreign_tourists.3．(2017·天津高考書面表達(dá))我每天埋頭于英文小說，因此我在英語學(xué)習(xí)上已取得了很大的進(jìn)步。(bury)I'm_buried_in_the_English_novels_every_day,_therefore_I_have_made_great_progress_in_my_English_study.(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑1．experiencevt.經(jīng)歷；體驗(yàn)n．經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)[記牢](1)withmuch/richexperience 具有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)by/fromone'sexperience 根據(jù)某人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)看haveexperiencein... 有……的經(jīng)驗(yàn)(2)experiencedadj. 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；熟練的beexperiencedin/at 在……方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)[練通]單句語法填空①(2017·北京高考)Afteraheateddiscussion,weagreedonmakingavideotorecordourexperiences(experience)atschool.②(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)Astotheactivities,weplantoinviteexperienced(experience)playerstogivetrainingtouseveryFridayafternoon.③Shehasbecomequiteexperiencedat/inteachingprimaryschoolstudents.④Robertisaworkerwithmuchexperience,soitwillmakeupforhislackofacademicknowledge.[寫美]翻譯句子⑤(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))上周，我們帶領(lǐng)著外國學(xué)生在我們學(xué)校里體驗(yàn)正宗的(authentic)茶文化，結(jié)果是非常值得的。Last_week,_we_took_the_foreign_students_in_our_school_to_experience_the_authentic_tea_culture,_which_turned_out_to_be_extremely_rewarding.2．causevt.引起；導(dǎo)致；使遭受n.原因；事業(yè)；目標(biāo)[記牢](1)causesb.sth. 給某人造成某種結(jié)果causesb./sth.todosth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事； 引起某物……(2)thecauseof... ……的原因causeandeffect 因果[練通]單句語法填空①Thepoorharvestcausedpricesto_rise(rise)sharply.②Drunkdrivingisoneofthemostcommoncauses(cause)oftrafficaccidents.補(bǔ)全句子③Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartattackisnotnecessarilycause_and_effect.根據(jù)最近的調(diào)查研究，喝濃咖啡與患心臟病并沒有必然的因果關(guān)系。[寫美]翻譯句子④(2017·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))結(jié)果，一些觀眾開始厭煩電影院，造成了緩慢的增長。Consequently,_someviewers_began_to_turn_away_fromcinemas,_causing_a_slowergrowth.3．buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使專心[記牢]buryone'shead/faceinone'shands 用手捂住頭/臉buryoneselfin＝beburiedin 埋頭于；專心于[練通]單句語法填空①Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft.②Burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Buryingthemselvesinheavyschoolwork,theydidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.→Buried_in_heavy_school_work,_theydidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.[寫美]翻譯句子④隨著高考臨近，我們高三學(xué)生都在埋頭于繁忙的學(xué)習(xí)中。As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_is_drawing_near,_we_senior_three_students_are_buried_in_busy_work.4．occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；(想法、念頭等)想起，浮現(xiàn)[記牢]sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that... 某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth. 某人突然想起做某事[練通]單句語法填空①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.句型轉(zhuǎn)換②Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation,youneedtohandinareport,explaininghowyoucameupwiththeidea.→Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation,youneedtohandinareport,explaining_how_the_idea_occurred_to_you.[用準(zhǔn)](1)occur是不及物動詞，所以不能帶賓語，也不能用于被動語態(tài)。(2)occur的過去式和過去分詞形式要雙寫最后一個輔音字母，即occurred。[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子③(2018·天津高考書面表達(dá))當(dāng)我們?yōu)楸荣愖鰷?zhǔn)備時，我想起你曾在類似的比賽中獲獎。Whenwe'remakingpreparationsfortheevent,it_occurred_to_me_thatyouoncetookaprizeinasimilarcompetition.5．strikevt.(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；突然想到；擊中；撞擊；敲(鐘)；報(bào)(時)；擦燃(火柴)；打動n.(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；罷工[辨清]寫出下列句中strike的含義①Thetownhallclockstruckmidnight.報(bào)(時)②Thechildranintotheroadandwasstruckbyacar.撞擊③ItstruckmethatIleftthekeyonmytable.突然想到④Withinhalfanhour,allthedriverswereoutonstrike.罷工⑤Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.打動⑥Itwasextremelydarkinthepassagesohestruckamatch.擦燃[記牢](1)strikesb.＋介詞＋the＋身體部位打某人某處sth.strikessb.＝sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itstrikessb.that.../Itstrikessb.todo... 某人突然想到……(2)beonstrike 在罷工goonstrike 舉行罷工(3)strikingadj. 引人注目的，突出的[練通]單句語法填空⑦Thefirsttimehemetthegirl,hewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithher.⑧Whatismoststriking(strike)ishowsmartthechildrenare.補(bǔ)全句子⑨Thecoalminersdecidedtogo_on_strikeforbetterworkingconditions.煤礦工人們決定為爭取更好的工作條件舉行罷工。[寫美]翻譯句子⑩我突然想到，我們應(yīng)該制訂一個新的方案。It/An_idea_struck/hit/occurred_to_me_that_we_ought_to_make_a_new_plan.[詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Asweallknow,theredlightisawarning(警告)signforstop.2．Inprevious(以前的)time,Ididn'trealizehowvaluablehisadvicewas.3．Anoisymotorwayhasruined(毀壞)thepeacefulvillagelife.4．Thesechemicalshavebeenfoundtocauseseriousenvironmentaldamage(損害)．5．Isthereanypossibility(可能性)thatwecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime?6．Sheisstillveryactive(活躍的),inspiteofheradvancedyears.7．Agoodideastruck(想起)mewhileIwaswalkingalongtheriver.8．Aninvestigationisunderwaytofindouthowthedisaster(災(zāi)難)happened.9．Theabruptchangeoftheclimatehasdrawnworldwide(全世界的)attentiontothebenefitofgreenenergy.10．Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred(發(fā)生)．Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．XiaoLiisveryskilledandexperienced(experience)thoughhe'sbeeninthefactoryforonlyashorttime.2．Annesays,“Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasviolence(violent)can.”3．Withthatwarning(warn)hetookthebirdandputitbackintoitscage.4．Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarenotuncommon,causing(cause)seriousharmtolifeandtheenvironment.5．Manymenwere_buried(bury)undergroundwhentherewasanaccidentinthemine.6．Atthemomentwearedebatingwhatfurniture(furnish)tobuyforthehouse.7．Fortunately(fortunate),therewassomeoneathand,soweaskedhimtodeliverthemessageatonce.8．(2018·天津高考)Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.9．Luckily(luck),withalittlebitofworkandsomeknowledge,you'llbeabletowritetheletteryouneedtogetthejob.10．Thankfully(thankful),Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.Ⅲ.單句改錯1．Istillthinkitterrifiedtofindmyselfsurroundedbylargenumbersofhorses.terrified→terrifying2．Astrangeideawasoccurredtohimwhenhewaswanderinginthestreet.去掉第一個was3．Becausetheyweretomovetoanewhouse,theyboughtalotoffurnitures.furnitures→furniture4．Theauthorofthebookhadalotofhardexperienceinhislife.experience→experiences5．Hopeful,I'llbeabletostayathomeforthreeweeksthistime.Hopeful→HopefullyⅣ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1．他是個有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師，有豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(experience)Heisan_experienced_teacherandhehas_much_experience/is_very_experienced_inteaching.2．(2016·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我希望這種變化不會給你造成太多麻煩。(cause)Ihopethechangewillnotcause_you_too_much_trouble.3．她忍受不了疼痛，以至于用手捂住臉不由自主地抽噎起來。(bury)Shecouldn'tstandthepainsothatsheburied_her_face_in_her_handsandsobbeduncontrollably.4．我想你從未想到給警方打電話。(occur)Isupposeit_never_occurred_to_youtophonethepolice.5．醫(yī)院員工舉行罷工以抗議這起事件。(strike)Staffatthehospitalwent_on_striketoprotestagainsttheincident.(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1．pick_up 卷起；掀起；拾起；接載；(偶然)學(xué)會；情況好轉(zhuǎn)2．take_off 去掉；脫掉；起飛3．set_fire_to[串記1] 放火(焚燒)……4．catch_fire 著火5．put_out 撲滅(火)6．on_average 平均起來7．end_up 結(jié)果為……，以……結(jié)束8．in_all[串記2] 總共；總計(jì)9．refer_to 指的是；談到；涉及；參考10．take_place 發(fā)生[同根短語串記]①setfireto 放火(焚燒)……②set...onfire 放火(焚燒)……③catchfire 著火(表示動作)④beonfire 著火(表示狀態(tài))⑤putoutthefire 撲滅火⑥make/light/startafire 點(diǎn)火；生火①inall總共；總計(jì) ②afterall畢竟③aboveall首先；最重要的是 ④firstofall首先⑤allinall總的來說 ⑥notatall一點(diǎn)也不1．onthesamelatitude 在同一緯度2．inthenexttown 在鄰近的城鎮(zhèn)3．morethan400kilometresperhour 每小時400千米以上4．hitthecity 襲擊了這座城市5．bythelate1890s 到19世紀(jì)90年代末6．a(chǎn)totalof 總數(shù)；總計(jì)7．theworstnaturaldisaster 最嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害1．Theycandestroyhouses,butleave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_it_was.它們(龍卷風(fēng))能毀掉房子，卻把房內(nèi)的家具留在原處。2．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causing_about_80_deathsand_1,500_injuries.平均來說，美國每年發(fā)生800次龍卷風(fēng)，造成大約80人死亡，1500人受傷。3．Whenthelavareachedthesea,there_was_the_possibility_ofahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.當(dāng)巖漿涌進(jìn)大海時，有可能引發(fā)巨大浪潮，足以淹沒半個島嶼。[學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用]高考采擷(一)完形中的短語和句式(補(bǔ)全句子)1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ完形填空)“Something'snotright！”Itook_off(脫下)myT-shirtanddivedintothewater.2．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ完形填空)Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasput_out(撲滅)．3．(2016·北京高考完形填空)TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,picked_up(撿起)themedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.4．(2018·天津高考完形填空)MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,giving_me_one_of_the_greatest_thrills_of_my_life(成為我生命中最令人激動的事情之一)!高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(補(bǔ)全句子)1．(2015·天津高考書面表達(dá))Atthesametime,wearegoingtobringalongaboutfivehundredbookswithusforyourclass,whichyoucanrefer_to(參考)tolearnmoreaboutChina.2．(2018·浙江高考寫作)保羅叔叔，我爸爸的朋友，從機(jī)場接我們，并開車送我們?nèi)ニ谂蹇扑沟霓r(nóng)場。UnclePaul,mydad'sfriend,picked_us_up_from_the_airportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.3．(2016·10月浙江高考寫作)幾乎沒有可能繼續(xù)在黑暗中沿著小溪行走，但是簡沒有放棄。(therebepossibilityof...)There_was_little_possibility_of_continuing_walking_alongthestreaminthedarkness,butJanedidn'tgiveup.(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑[短語集釋]1．pickup拿起；卷起；掀起；拾起；接收(信號)；(偶然)學(xué)會；整理；接載；情況好轉(zhuǎn)[辨清]寫出下列句中pickup的含義①Tom,willyoupickupallyourtoys？整理②MyradiocanpickuptheBBCprogrammesclearly.接收③I'llpickyouupatyourhometomorrow.接載④It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedupRussiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.(偶然)學(xué)會⑤BusinesshasbeendepressedbuttheyexpectittopickupagainbeforeChristmas.情況好轉(zhuǎn)⑥Sallywalkedontotheplatform,pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteontheblackboard:“Rule1:Wearefamily！”拿起[記牢]pickout 挑出；辨別出；挑選；領(lǐng)會；理解pickoff 摘掉；摘下來pickyourselfup (跌倒后)站起來；振作起來[練通]單句語法填空⑦Thatpileontheleftaretheonesthathavebeenpickedoutforthelibrary.⑧Theinsecticide(殺蟲劑)mightharmtheflowers.Let'spickofftheinsectsbyhand.[寫美]翻譯句子⑨(2016·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我的父母想讓我和他們一起去機(jī)場接他。My_parents_want_me_to_go_to_the_airport_with_them_to_pick_him_up.2．endup結(jié)果為……；以……結(jié)束[記牢](1)endupdoingsth. 最終以做某事結(jié)束end(up)in 以……告終；結(jié)果為……end(up)with 以……結(jié)束(指以某種方式結(jié)束)endupas 最終成為……(2)cometoanend 結(jié)束put/bringanendto 結(jié)束……intheend 最后，終于onend 豎立；筆直地；連續(xù)地make(both)endsmeet 使收支相抵；量入為出[練通]單句語法填空①Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwillendupremembering(remember)nothing.②Andersonwasbornintoapoorfamily,butendedupasoneofthegreatestwritersofhistime.③ThelectureendedupwithapoemofanancientChinesepoet.④Ifweneglectourfuture,we'llendupinfailure.補(bǔ)全句子⑤Thefootballmatchcame_to_an_end,_andthecrowdsoonclearedawayfromthefootballground.足球比賽結(jié)束了，人群很快就從足球場散去了。⑥Thecouplesetasidesomemoneyeverymonthfortheirfutureuseeventhoughtheirincomecanonlymake_ends_meet.這對夫妻每個月都存一些錢以備將來使用，盡管他們的收入只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。[寫美]翻譯句子⑦最后，當(dāng)我們校長宣布獲勝者時，整個現(xiàn)場爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲和歡呼聲。In_the_end,_when_our_headmaster_announced_the_winners,_the_whole_place_burst_out_with_clapping_and_cheering.[句式集釋]leave＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語[教材原句]Theycandestroyhouses,butleave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_itwas.[悟拓展例句](1)Don'tleave_the_light_onwhenyouarenotintheroom.當(dāng)你不在房間時，別讓燈開著。(2)Ifyouleavethewaterrunning(run)whenyoudon'tuseit,youarewasting.如果不用水時你還讓水一直流著，你是在浪費(fèi)。(3)Whatdisappointsmeisthatsheleavesmeto_finish(finish)theworkbymyself.使我失望的是她讓我一個人完成這項(xiàng)工作。(4)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleave_things_where_you_can_find_them_again.把東西放在能夠再次找到的地方，你們應(yīng)該把這一點(diǎn)作為一條規(guī)則。[析用法規(guī)則]用法歸納(1)leave＋賓語＋名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(2)leave＋賓語＋分詞(3)leave＋賓語＋不定式(4)leave＋賓語＋where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句/as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句注意事項(xiàng)在leave的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓補(bǔ)為現(xiàn)在分詞時，通常表示主動、進(jìn)行的動作；賓補(bǔ)為過去分詞時，通常表示被動、完成的動作；賓補(bǔ)為不定式時，通常表示動作尚未發(fā)生。[背寫作佳句](1)Wecanoftenseemanystudentsleavethewaterrunningandsomeletthelightsonforalongtime,whichcausesaseriouswasteofresources.(要點(diǎn)句)(2)You'dbetterleavethedooropentoletinthefreshair.(要點(diǎn)句)[詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.選詞填空pickup，takeoff，setfireto，catchfire，putout，onaverage，endup，inall1．Thestorecaught_fire.Fortunately,allthepeoplethereescapedfromit.2．Afirebrokeoutinthebuildinglastnight.Luckily,thefirefightersarrivedintimeandput_outthefire.3．On_averageeachreportrequiresoneweektoprepare.4．Theteachersaidthereweretwelvein_allwhohadfailedintheexam.5．Themaninblackwasabouttoset_fire_tothehousewhenthepolicecame.6．Itwasnotuntilshetook_offherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.7．Atthecorner,thebusstoppedandpicked_upthreepeople.8．Ifyoudon'teatless,you'llend_uplookinglikeawhale!Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．在那么重要的考試中他竟然查閱筆記，真是太愚蠢了。(referto)Itwastoofoolishofhimto_refer_to_his_notesduringthatimportanttest.2．大部分飯菜賓客都沒動，因?yàn)樗鼈兊奈兜啦豢煽凇?leave＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ))Theguestsleft_most_of_the_dishes_untouched,_becausetheydidn'ttastedelicious.3．很容易從人群中辨認(rèn)出他，因?yàn)樗麄€子很高。(pickout)It'seasytopick_him_outinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.4．Isitpossiblethatwecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime?→Is_there_a_possibility_thatwecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime？(Thereisapossibilitythat...)5．Thefogwassoheavythatitmadeitimpossibleforustogetthereontime.→Thefogwassoheavy,making_it_impossible_for_us_to_get_thereontime.(分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語)Ⅲ.分步寫作假定你是李華，最近獲悉你的美國筆友Peter的家鄉(xiāng)受到地震侵襲，損失慘重。請你用英語給Peter寫一封慰問信。信的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：1．得知情況及感受；2．表達(dá)安慰和鼓勵；3．打算提供的幫助。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點(diǎn)根據(jù)題干要求可知，本文要求寫一封慰問信，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時，人稱為第一、二人稱。文章應(yīng)分三個層次來寫作，共三個要點(diǎn)：要點(diǎn)1為寫信目的及感受開頭；要點(diǎn)2為表達(dá)安慰和鼓勵并說明打算提供的幫助主體；要點(diǎn)3為表達(dá)希望和祝愿結(jié)尾。主體部分應(yīng)該依據(jù)要點(diǎn)2進(jìn)行構(gòu)思，要點(diǎn)2的表述比較寬泛，寫作時應(yīng)該進(jìn)行細(xì)化處理，如表達(dá)安慰和鼓勵時可以表達(dá)為“生活不是那么糟糕，會渡過這個困難時期，鼓起勇氣去面對并擺脫困境”；打算提供幫助時可表達(dá)為“我會提供幫助，號召同學(xué)們捐款”。要點(diǎn)1－①：聽到一場地震侵襲了你的家鄉(xiāng)我感到非常難過。(awfully,hit)I'm_awfully_sorry_to_hear_that_an_earthquake_hit_your_hometown.要點(diǎn)1－②：我寫信是為了表達(dá)我對你的深切同情。(sympathy)I_am_writing_to_express_my_deepest_sympathy_to_you.要點(diǎn)2－①：生活不是那么糟糕。Life_isn't_so_bad.要點(diǎn)2－②：你會渡過這個困難的時期的。(getthrough)You_will_get_through_this_difficult_period.要點(diǎn)2－③：你肯定會鼓起你所有的勇氣去面對并擺脫困境。(definitely,mess)You_will_definitely_gather_all_your_courage_to_face_and_handle_the_mess.要點(diǎn)3－①：如果我能幫上忙，請不要猶豫，讓我知道。If_I_can_be_of_any_help,_please_don't_hesitate_to_let_me_know.要點(diǎn)3－②：我會號召同學(xué)們?yōu)槟憔栀?。I_will_call_on_my_classmates_to_make_a_donation_to_you.結(jié)尾語：不要放棄希望，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)起來！期待你的好消息！(longfor)Never_give_up_hope_and_be_strong!_Longing_for_good_news_from_you!第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼為了使內(nèi)容更充實(shí)，我們需要對要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適度拓展。例如：要點(diǎn)1－①可以添加事件的結(jié)果造成了巨大損失；在文章的主體部分表達(dá)安慰和鼓勵并打算提供幫助時，為了使文章過渡自然，需要補(bǔ)加一個銜接句“你現(xiàn)在一定很傷心”；要點(diǎn)2－②的表達(dá)顯得單調(diào)，可以用aslongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句指出條件只要你保持樂觀；要點(diǎn)2－③可以添加狀語“作為一個意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人”和定語從句地震所帶來的困境；要點(diǎn)3－②可以用不定式作目的狀語來說明捐款的目的幫助你渡過難關(guān)。拓展要點(diǎn)1－①：聽到一場地震侵襲了你的家鄉(xiāng)并造成了巨大損失我非常難過。(cause)I'm_awfully_sorry_to_hear_that_an_earthquake_hit_your_hometown_and_caused_a_great_loss.補(bǔ)充銜接句：你現(xiàn)在一定很傷心。(sorrowful)You_must_feel_sorrowful_now.拓展要點(diǎn)2－②：只要你保持樂觀，你會渡過這個困難的時期的。(optimistic)As_long_as_you_remain_optimistic,_you_will_get_through_this_difficult_period.拓展要點(diǎn)2－③：作為一個意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人，你肯定會鼓起你所有的勇氣去面對并擺脫地震所帶來的困境的。(strong-willed，定語從句)As_a_strong-willed_man,_you_will_definitely_gather_all_your_courage_to_face_and_handle_the_mess_that_the_earthquake_brought_about.拓展要點(diǎn)3－②：我會號召同學(xué)們?yōu)槟憔栀泚韼椭愣蛇^難關(guān)。(不定式作目的狀語)I_will_call_on_my_classmates_to_make_a_donation_to_you_to_help_you_go_through_the_difficulty.第三步：連句成文，排語句順序，重銜接過渡寫作時要注意上下文的連貫性，可使用一些過渡性詞語和句子，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊?！澳悻F(xiàn)在一定很傷心”是一個承上啟下句，應(yīng)放在表達(dá)“安慰和鼓勵”之前；然后用however進(jìn)行語意上的銜接；在表示“號召捐贈”時可以通過條件狀語“Ifnecessary”來進(jìn)行銜接。Dear_Peter，I'm_awfully_sorry_to_hear_that_an_earthquake_hit_your_hometown_and_caused_a_great__am_writing_to_express_my_deepest_sympathy_to_you.You_must_feel_sorrowful_now.However,_life_isn't_so__long_as_you_remain_optimistic,_you_will_get_through_this_difficult__a_strong-willed_man,_you_will_definitely_gather_all_your_courage_to_face_and_handle_the_mess_that_the_earthquake_brought__I_can_be_of_any_help,_please_don't_hesitate_to_let_me__necessary,_I_will_call_on_my_classmates_to_make_a_donation_to_you_to_help_you_go_through_the_difficulty.Never_give_up_hope_and_be_strong!_Longing_for_good_news_from_you!Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(十五)議論文之總分結(jié)構(gòu)——找到論點(diǎn)、論證過程是關(guān)鍵“總分結(jié)構(gòu)”議論文最顯著的特點(diǎn)是論點(diǎn)伴隨事例在文章開頭部分提出，事例往往是鋪墊，是提出論點(diǎn)的前奏。隨之而來的是論證過程。該論證過程中常常采用分層逐條論述。抓住了此類文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，再結(jié)合題目要求，便能快速到原文中定位信息區(qū)間，從而正確解題。[高考典例]2016·浙江卷·A篇[找論點(diǎn)、論證過程][高考典例]2016·浙江卷·A篇[讀文解題技法]eq\a\vs4\al(總,1～3段)?論點(diǎn)分：論證過程影響1影響2影響3提出建議[1]“DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday？”LindseywhisperstoTori.[2]Withhereyesshining,Toribrags,“YoubetIdid.Seantoldmetwodaysago.”[3]WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout?Itjusthappenstobeyourstruly,AdamFreedman.Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still,LindseyandToriaren’tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool,includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(閑話).Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip：itcanhurtpeople,itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction,anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.[4]Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually,gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,even