天津市南開區(qū)高三上學(xué)期階段性質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)(二)英語(yǔ)考試（原卷版）

/11/11/2022—2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期階段性質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)(二)高三年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科筆試本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)、第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,共130分,考試用時(shí)100分鐘(不含聽力)。第I卷1至12頁(yè),第Ⅱ卷13至16頁(yè)。答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。答卷時(shí),考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫在答題卡上,答在試卷上的無(wú)效。考試結(jié)束后,請(qǐng)將本試卷第I卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.每小題選出答案后,用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。2.本卷共55小題,共95分。第一部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出一個(gè)可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：Standoverthere________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.—Davidwaslateforthebiologyclassthismorning.—________?AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.A.Sowhat B.Howcome C.Whynot D.Whatfor2.We’vedoneasolidpreparationsothisis________ourteamissupposedtoshine.A.what B.whether C.which D.where3.Scientists________researchinordertoseekgreaterunderstandingofthebrain,especiallysincethe1950s.A.conducted B.havebeenconductedC.havebeenconducting D.hadconducted4.Despitepreviousfailedattempts,thescientistsbelievedtheywouldmakeabreakthroughinthe________experiments.A.subsequent B.critical C.primary D.independent5.—HowdidyoumakesorapidprogressinyourEnglish?Doyouhaveanysecrets?No.OnlyNo.Only________hardworking.A.intermsof B.inhonorof C.bymeansof D.onbehalfof6.—IneedtotellKevintheconferencehasbeencanceled.—_________He’salreadyonhisway.A.Thesoonerthebetter. B.Don’tbother.C.You’vegotmethere. D.Howcouldyou?7.Thesebiologicaldiscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthe________forlifeonourplanet,eveninthemostextremecircumstances.A.component B.coverage C.capacity D.comprehension8.Therearemanymysteriesaboutdinosaurs________welongtofindexplanations.A.towhich B.that C.withwhich D.forwhich9.Itsonce-greatcitiesfellintoruin,________variousmysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve.A.toleave B.leaving C.left D.havingleft10.—Ihadagreattimeplayingbadmintonwithyoutoday.—Thenlet’sdoit________.HowabouteverySunday?A.currently B.temporarily C.enormously D.regularly11.Itwasthemostdisastrousspaceaccidenteverandit________people’shearts.A.threwlighton B.playedapartinC.becameaccustomedto D.castashadowon12.Variousmeasures________intheyearsaheadtoboosttheeconomicdevelopmentA.aretaken B.havebeentaken C.weretaken D.willbetaken13.Ihaddreamedofthismomentmanytimesinmychildhood.Butwhenyoufinallymakeitit’stotallydifferentfrom________youhadimaginedA.when B.what C.that D.which14.Withnogravitytopushagainst,astronauts’bonesandmuscles________becomeweak.A.should B.must C.can D.need15.Believed_______buriedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthefourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNeapolisarealmost2,000yearsold.A.tobe B.tohavebeen C.having D.being第二節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題：每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從16～35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng),將短文內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充完整。Mydaughterwasbeingthrownoutofthesixthgrade.Theteachersaid,“Shemaynotbe____16____whatwe’retryingtoaccomplish.”Hewas____17____sayingshedidn’thavethe____18____.IgotmadbecauseIknewshewassmart,justasmyfatherhadknownaboutmewhenIwas____19____inschool.Wehadher____20____andfoundthatthetroublesshewashavingwereexactlywhatIhadhad—dyslexia(誦讀困難癥).BythenIwasa____21____televisionwriter,andhadwonanEmmyAwardfor“TheRockfordFiles.”IfIhadknownearlierthatsomethingbeyondmy____22____couldexplainwhyIwasalow____23____,Imaynothaveworkedsohardinmylate20sandearly30s.Iwasworkingfornootherreasonthantohearpeople____24____me,becauseIdid_____25_____inallmycourses.IonceaskedafriendwhoalwaysgotanA,“Howlongdidyoustudyforthis?”Hesaid,“Ididn’t.Ijust_____26_____it.”Sohemustbesmarter.“WhatifI’mnotgoodatanything?”Ibegantoask.Despitemy_____27_____,Ididbecomesuccessful,andpeoplenowsaytome,“Soyou’ve._____28_____dyslexia.”No,Idon’t.Ilearnto_____29_____it.I_____30_____dialingaphoneifpossible,becauseIsometimeshavetotrymanytimestogetthenumberright.Despitemyweaknesses,Iviewdyslexiaasa(n)_____31_____.Manydyslexicsaregoodatright-brain,abstractthought,andthat’swhatmykindofcreativewritingis.Icanwritequickly,andcangetupto15pagesaday.Writingismy_____32_____.Thereal_____33_____Ihavefordyslexicchildrenisnottheyhaveto_____34_____inschool,butthattheywillbequittersbeforetheygetoutofschool.Parentshavetocreate_____35_____forthem,whetherit’smusic.sportsorart.Youcanmakeyourdyslexicchildabletosay.“Yeah,readingishard.ButIhaveotherthingsIcando.”16.A.contentwith B.usedto C.equalto D.familiarwith17.A.hardly B.actually C.partly D.merely18.A.intelligence B.confidence C.preference D.independence19.A.failing B.paying C.changing D.crying20.A.recorded B.questioned C.tested D.saved21.A.terrible B.successful C.traditional D.typical22.A.ability B.appreciation C.recognition D.control23.A.survivor B.achiever C.performer D.observer24.A.believe B.call C.praise D.remind25.A.actively B.badly C.slowly D.willingly26.A.glancedat B.madeupfor C.gaveupon D.putupwith27.A.doubts B.pains C.dreams D.sacrifices28.A.overlooked B.confirmed C.overcome D.realized29A.keepupwith B.compensatefor C.holdonto D.makeuseof30.A.repeat B.enjoy C.risk D.avoid31.A.adventure B.pleasure C.gift D.warn32.A.purpose B.challenge C.contribution D.strength33.A.fear B.joy C.favor D.respect34.A.struggle B.study C.achieve D.play35.A.surprises B.victories C.imaginations D.competitions第二部分：閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2.5分,滿分50分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。AOutdoorcamerasarethemodernversionofhiringaguardforyourhome.Belowisalistofsomequalityoutdoorsecuritycamerasavailableinthemarket.RingFloodlightCameraThecameraitselfrecordsinHDandyouhaveplentyofsupportviatheapp.Throughtheapp.youcantalktopeoplethroughthecamera.Thecameraitselfhasnonightvision.Thisisaproblemintheeventthatthebulbsburnout,whichwillhappeneventually.CamparkCameraSincethisoutdoorsecuritycameraisbuiltforhunting.itiswirelessandcompletelywaterproof(防水的).Furthermore,itssensors(傳感器)aresharpandwillnaturallyhavenightvision.Thatsaid,thereareafewdownsides.Becauseofitshighersensitivity,thiscameratakesalotofunnecessarypicturesandvideos.Furthermore,you’llneedtosupplyanSDcardtostorevideosandpictures.ZumimallCameraThesecuritycameraitselfis100%wireless,connectsthroughWi-Fi,andisbattery-operated.Italsohasnightvisionandhandlescold,heat,andrainverywell.Theonlypointofcriticismisthestorage.Thecloudstorageofferedislimited.Forfree.youcanstoreyourvideosandpicturesforuptosevendaysbeforetheoldpicturesandvideosarereplaced.ZOSISecurityCameraSystemIt’sasystemincludingseveralsecuritycameras,whichpackalotofqualities.Theyoffer80feetofnightvision,areweatherproof,raisethealarmwhentheyspotmotion,etc.Thedownsideofthissystemisthatthesecamerasneedtobewiredtoacenter.Andthewiringcanbedisorganizedanduntidy.Clickheretobuythesecameras:36.WhatisthesellingpointofRingFloodlightCamera?A.Supportthroughtheapp. B.Nightvision.C.Highsensitivity. D.Longbatterylife.37.IfyouuseZumimallCamera,you________.A.needtoprotectitfromcoldB.canconnectittotheInternetwithoutwiresC.willhaveunlimitedcloudstoragespaceD.canfreelystorethevideosandpicturesforamonth38.WhatdoCamparkCameraandZOSICamerahaveincommon?A.TheyneedanSDcard. B.Theyarebuiltforhunting.C.Theyrequireawirecenter. D.Theycanstanduptowater.39.Wherecanweprobablyfindthisadvertisement?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inadepartmentstore.C.Onashoppingwebsite. D.Onacommunitynoticeboard.40.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethisadvertisement?A.Informative. B.Supportive.C.Misleading. D.Imaginative.BIcanrememberwhenmydaughterMaggie,whoisnowsix,usedtocrawlintomylapandsay,“Daddy,readmeastory.”Lastyearsheannounced,“Daddy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”Maggiewasatelevisionchild.Whenshefirstbecameconsciousofanythingbeyondeatingandsleeping,theTVsetwasrightthere,anditsooncommandedherattention.Afewyearsago,wewereworriednotonlythatwe’dnevergetthechildrenawayfromthesetlongenoughtolearntoread,butthatwe’dforgethowtoreadourselves.Butin1955therewasnotonlymorereadingthanbeforeTV,butmorereadingthaneverbeforeinhistory.Clearly,readinghassurvivedtelevisionasithassurvivedalotofotherthings.WhenIwassix,awailwentupaboutmenaces(威脅)toreadingathome:motorcarsandcinema.WhenMaggiecamealong,therewastelevision.Themotorcar,theradio,thecinemaandtelevisiondotakeupalotoftime.Well,we’vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit’s44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,it’llbe30.Andthere’llbenumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.She’llhavetoread.Youcan’twatchTVallday.AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher—andI’malittleenvious—areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.Forreadingisn’talljoy.Likelifeitself,it’smixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy(狂喜)todespair.Maggiewilllearntotaketheroughwiththesmooth,gatheringfromtheancientwisdomoflong-deadgeniusalittlefiretoenrichherspirit.Andsomeday,ifshe’slucky,she’llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,“Mummy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”41.WhichofthefollowingthingsusedtocatchMaggie’sattentiontoomuch?A.Themotorcar. B.Theradio. C.Thecinema. D.Thetelevision.42WhydotheyounggenerationlikeMaggiehavemoreaccesstoreading?A.Theyfacelessworkingpressure.B.Thereismoretimeavailableforreading.C.Theirparentsencouragethemmoreoften.D.Theyhaveastrongerdesireforknowledge.43.WhatmakestheauthorenviousofMaggie?A.Herexposuretoclassicreading. B.Herproductiveworksinwriting.C.Herwildimaginationindailylife. D.Herspiritualreflectiononthebooks.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph6imply?A.Maggiehasrichexperiences.B.Maggiehasagoodplanforreading.C.Maggiewillbenefitalotfromreading.D.Maggieisontheroadtobecomingagenius.45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisablessingthatreadingcanbepasseddown.B.MoregirlslikeMaggieenjoytellingstories.C.Maggie’sdaughterbringsherthebiggestthrill.D.ReadingmakesMaggieafortunategirl.CChildrenloveitwhensomeonereadsabooktothem.Theylovefunnysounds,rhymingwordsandsillypictures.Theylovethesoundoftheirmomordad’svoice.Sometimes,however,theirmomordadcan’treadtothem,becausethatparentisinprison.AuntMary’sStorybookProject,startedin1993,isnowanationalprogramthatpromotesincarceratedparentsreadingtotheirchildren.Churchorservicegroupsdonatebooksandpostage.Incarceratedparentspickoutbooks,readthemandeithervolunteersorprisonworkersmailthebooksandtapesouttothechildren.LastMay,wedistributed191books,meaningthat191childrenreceivedabookandatape.Theincarceratedreadersrecordtheirbooks,followedbyapersonalmessagetothechild.Sometimesitisamusinglisteningtostrong,tattooed(紋身)musclemenmakinganimalsoundsorfunnyvoicesofdifferentcharacters.SometimesallIhearissilence,andthensoundsthatconfirmmyguessthattheyarccalmingthemselvesafteranunexpectedwaveoffeelings.Seventypercentofchildrenofincarceratedparentseventuallyendupfacingthejusticesystemthemselvesatsomepointintheirlives.Manyofthesechildrenendupdoinghardtimeinjails.Inreality,though,theyaredoinghardtimenowas12-year-olds,7-ycar-olds,andevenasbabies.Theygrowupthinkingthattheirparentis“bad”anddoesn’tcare.Theyareoftenteasedandfeeltheyhavetodefendthemselvesortheirparent,sometimesinaviolentway.Whentheyreceiveinthemailabookandatapeoftheirparentreadingtothem,theyhearanothermessage,“Daddy/Mommylovesme;he/shehasahappyvoice;he/shethinksreadingiscool.”AuntMary’sStorybookProjectisjustasmallpillforonehugesocialillness.Butwhenwethinkwearemerelyscratchingthesurfaceatleast191kidsarefeelingalittlebitbetter!46.WhatdoincarceratedparentsdoinAuntMary’sStorybookProject?A.Theyreadtotheirchildrenonatape.B.Theyrecordbookswiththeirchildren.C.Theymeettheirchildrenandreadtothem.D.Theyreadbooksthattheirchildrenchoose.47.Whyistheresilencebeforesomeincarceratedparentsspeak?A.Theywanttospeakwithfeelings.B.Theyhavetocontroltheirfeelings.C.Theyneedtoconsiderwhattosay.D.Theyfeelguiltyaboutwhattheydid.48.WhatcanweinferaboutthechildrenaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Theywillstudylawinstate-rununiversityinthefuture.B.Theyhavetolearntofacerealitybravelybythemselves.C.Theygainalotfromtheirparents’lifeexperience.D.Theythemselvesmaybecomelawbreakersinthefuture.49.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”teased“inParagraph5mean?A.makingmistakes B.behavingthemselvesC.madefunof D.takencareof50.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofwhattheydo?A.Itisworthdoing.B.Itmakeslittledifference.C.Ithasgreateffectonsociety.D.Itcanchangeincarceratedparents.DPeoplehavespeculated(思索)forcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedbyinequality:Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinawasteland.Adifferentpredictionholdsthatwithoutjobstogivetheirlivesmeaningfuturepeoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.Butitdoesn’tnecessarilyfollowfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithdissatisfaction.Suchvisionsarebasedonthedownsidesofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Intheabsenceofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcouldprovidestrikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Thesedays,sparetimeisrelativelyrareformostworkers.“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork,Ioftenfeeltired.”saysJohnDanaher,alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIreland,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork.Imightfeelratherdifferent—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowmyselfintoahobbywiththeenthusiasmusuallyreservedforprofessionalmatters.”DanielEverett,ananthropologist(人類學(xué)家)atBentleyUniversitystudiedagroupofhunter-gathersintheAmazoncalledthePiranhaforyears.AccordingtoEverett,whilesomemightconsiderhuntingandgatheringaswork,hunter-gatherersdon’t.“Theythinkofitasfun.”hesays.“Theydon’thaveaconceptofworkthewaywedo.”EverettdescribedatypicaldayforthePiraha:Amanmightgetup,spendafewhoursfishing,haveabarbecue,andplayuntiltheevening.Doesthisrelaxinglifeleadtothedepressionandpurposelessnessseenamongsomanyoftoday’sunemployed?“I’veneverseenanythinglikedepressionthere,exceptpeoplewhoarephysicallyill.”Everettsays.Whilemanymayconsiderworknecessaryforhumanlife,workasitexiststodayisarelativelynewinventioninthecourseofhumanculture.“Wethinkit’sbadtojustsitaroundwithnothingtodo,”saysEverett.“ForthePiraha,it’squiteadesirablestate.”51.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinParagraph1?A.Bycomparingwealthypeoplewiththemajority.B.Bygivingadefinitiontoinequalityinsociety.C.Bylistingdifferentpredictionsofawork-freeworldD.Bypicturingalazyanddepressedatmosphere.52.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“downsides”inParagraph2probablyreferto?AChallenges. B.Losses. C.Disadvantages. D.Risks.53.JohnDanahermightagreethat__________.A.workplaysanimportantroleinourfuturelifeBpeople’swork-freefuturelifewillbefullofcharmC.peopledon’tknowhowtobalanceworkandlifeD.higherunemploymentmakeslifetougherforworkers54WhyisDanielEverett’sstudymentioned?A.TojustifyJohnDanaher’sopinion.B.Toshowafuturelifewithoutwork.C.Tocomparedifferentviewsonwork.D.TointroducethePirahaintheAmazon.55.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Somepeopledislikeawork-freeworld.B.ThePirahadon’tthinktheyareworkingatall.C.Futurepeoplemightbecomelazyanddepressed.D.DanielEverettprefertositarounddoingnothing第Ⅱ卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。2.本卷共6題,共35分。第三部分：寫作第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，按照要求用英語(yǔ)回答問題。Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelookingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody.whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningnewlyformedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites(樹突).Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain’scellstoeachotheratcontactpointscalledsynapses(突觸).Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018.GiulioTononiandChiaraCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsinMadison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresultinsomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough(整理)the“noise”anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity’sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosupportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6.920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafour-yearperiod:onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthestudythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged:theseweremostlikelywellestablishedmemories.Therefore.althoughwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe’velearned,thebrain“forge