2015屆寫作安排開題報告任務(wù)書指導(dǎo)9人

Uponthecompletionofthisdissertation,Iwouldliketodedicatemythesistoallthosewhohavehelpedmeduringmywritingofthethesis.Withouttheirhelp,mythesiswouldnothavebeenfinished.Firstofall,pleaseallowmetothankalltheleadersofZaozhuangUniversity,especiallytheteachersintheEnglishDepartment.TheygivemeachancetoenrichmyknowledgeaboutEnglish,especiallyinLiture,LinguisticsandTranslationduringthefruitfultwoyearsIspentinZaozhuangUniversity.MygratitudealsogoestowarmheartedsupervisorGeXiaoxia,mylearned,whohasalwaysbeeninstructiveandpatientduringmygraduatestudies.Shehasalwaysbeengivinghelpfuladviceandresearchinsightinandstrengtheningmythesis.ItisshewholeadsmeintothepromisingfieldofBritishliture.Herenlighteninginstruction,herperseverance,andherhardworkinginacademicresearchhavealwaysinspiredmesomuchandwillleaveadeepinfluenceuponmyfuturecareer.IalsowanttothankallmyclassmatesintheEnglishDepartmentofZaozhuangUniversity,especiallymybestfriendsforgivingmemanyinsightfulsuggestions.IamalsogratefultomyparentsforprovidingmewithcomfortablelivingandstudyingConsideredtobethefirstnovelinEnglishliture,RobinsonCrusoewaswrittenin1719.DanielDefoe(1660-1731),wholivesintheperiodoffastdevelopmentofcapitalisminEngland,gainsfame,forhisnovelRobinsonCrusoe.DanielDefoe’sworksreflectthespiritualfeaturesoftherisingbourgeoisie.Foryears,people,especiallylirycritics,havepaidattentiontoheroismshowninthebook.Asaresult,RobinsonCrusoehasbeenregardedasanadventurestoryandamirrorofrealism.ThecharacterofRobinsonCrusoeisconsideredasarepresentativeoftheEnglishbourgeoisieattheearlierstageofitsdevelopment.WecanfindthatRobinsonCrusoealsodisysvariousformsofcolonialism.Thisthesisconsistsoffiveparts.Chapteroneisabriefintroductionofthebackgroundofthenovel,includingthedevelopmentofbourgeoisie.Inchapterone,thethesisalsointroducestheinformationoftheauthorDefoe,hislife,hisstatusinthehistoryofli tureandhismainworks.Inaddition,abriefintroductionofcolonialismisalsointhechapterone.ChaptertwofocusesonRobinson’seconomiccolonizationinthemainaspects-colonialtradeandtheislandoccupation,whichdisytheingrainedcolonialisminRobinson’smind.ChapterthreefocusesonRobinson’sreligiouscolonization,especiallythereligiousreformofhimselfandofFriday.Chapterfourismainlyconcernedtotheculturalcolonizationinthebook.ChapterfiveisaByyzingthekindsofcolonialisminRobinsonCrusoe,thisthesisendeavorstohelpthereaderstounderstandthecolonialisminRobinsonCrusoeandhaveabetterunderstandingtothework.:RobinsonCrusoe,economiccolonization,religiouscolonization,culturalcolonization《漂流記》于1719年，它被認(rèn)為是英國第一部小說。作者爾·(1660-1731)發(fā)展的上升時期,以小說《漂流記而著稱。的作品形象地反映了當(dāng)時資產(chǎn)在上升時期的精神面貌。多年來，人們大多關(guān)注的是書中體現(xiàn)的氣概，特別是一部分文學(xué)評論家。因此，《漂流記》就被看做是一部探險小說和一面反映現(xiàn)實的鏡子。小說的主人公是英國資產(chǎn)發(fā)展早期的代表人物。如果我們仔細(xì)研讀《漂流記》，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)這部小說表現(xiàn)出的殖義。背景，以及作者的生平，在文學(xué)史上的重要地位和對殖義的簡單介紹。第二部分著重于的經(jīng)濟殖民，論述了的具體殖民行為，如進行的殖民貿(mào)易和對荒島的殖民控制。第三部分主要論述的殖民，意在通過分析在荒島期間自己信仰的改變和對星期五的影響來體現(xiàn)魯?shù)闹趁?。第四部分探討了《漂流記》中的文化殖民，在荒島上度過了28年，的殖義文化已經(jīng)根治于其對荒島的每一個行為本文通過淺析《漂流記》中表現(xiàn)出的多種殖民行為，以期在某種程度上可以使讀者了解書中體現(xiàn)的殖義，并且更好的理解作品。：《漂流記》，經(jīng)濟殖民，殖民，文化殖 摘 ChapterOne ABriefintroductionofDanielDefoeandRobinson ABriefIntroductionof ture ChapterTwoEconomicColonizationEmbodiedinRobinson Colonial 2.1.1ntation Slave Island ChapterThreeReligiousColonizationEmbodiedinRobinson Robinson’sReligiousReformof Robinson’sReligiousReformof ChapterFourCulturalColonialismEmbodiedinRobinson Robinson’sRelationwith Robinson’sRelationwithFridayasMasterand Robinson’sRelationwithFridayas Robinson’sCulturalReformof ChapterFive ChapterOneABriefintroductionofDanielDefoeandRobinsonDanielDefoe,anEnglishnovelist,pamphleteer,andjournalist,istheauthorofRobinsonCrusoe(1719).AlongwithSamuelRichardson,DefoeisconsideredtobethefounderoftheEnglishnovels.Beforethattime,storieswereusuallywrittenaslongpoemsordramas.Defoeproducedsome200worksofnonfictionproseinadditiontoalmost2,000shortessaysinperiodicalpublications,severalofwhichhealsoedited.“Defoewasoneofthefirstauthorstowritestoriesaboutbelievablecharactersinrealisticsituationsbyusingsimpleprose.Heachievedliryimmortality”(Richetti,2005).InApril1719,hepublishedRobinsonCrusoe,whichwasbasedpartlyonthememoirsofvoyagersandcastaways,suchasAlexanderSelkirk.However,atfirst,Defoehadtroublesinfindingapublisherforthebookandeventuallyreceived￡10forthemanuscript.Employingafirst- narratorandapparentlygenuinejournalentries,Defoecreatedarealisticframeforthenovel,whichdistinguisheditfromitspredecessors.Theaccountofashipwreckedsailor’slifeonthedesertedislandwasacommentbothonthehumanneedforsocietyandtheequallypowerfulimpulseforsolitude.Butitalsoofferedadreamofbuildingaprivatekingdom,aself-madeUtopia.Bygivingavividrealitytoathemewithlargemythicimplications,thestoryhassincefascinatedgenerationsofreaders.RobinsonCrusoeisanovelwrittenbyDanielDefoe,firstpublishedin1719anditisregardedasthefirstworkinthehistoryofEnglishliturerealismnovel.Theleadingcharacterinthenovel,RobinsonCrusoe,isbasedonthetruestoryofaScotsmannamedAlexanderSelkirk.InSeptember1704,AlexanderSelkirkwasabandonedinSouthAmerica,anAtlanticislandofSouthDevon.Onthisdesolateanduninhabitedisland,hespentfouryearsandfourmonths.Whenhewasfound,hehad eawildmananddidnotevenrememberthehumanlanguage.DanielDefoewroteRobinsonCrusoeinhislateryears.RobinsonCrusoewasborninarichfamily,butheisunsatisfiedwitharegularlife.Then,helefthomeforoverseasadventure.InSouthAmerica,RobinsonbecameaslaveofnativeMoore.Afterescafromit,hewentBraziltorunntationtrade.Later,hestartedtosailtoAfricaandsufferedashipwreck.However,Robinsonsurvivedanddriftedonadesertedisland.Inthedesertisland,withhisownhands,helearnedtomaketools,tamegoats,builtahouse,grewcropsandmadebread.Withwisdomandstrongperseverance,Robinsonbecameomnipotentinthestrugglewithnature.In1868,hereturnedtothemotherland.Britainwasanoldcolonialempirebeforethe16thcentury.ItbecametheWorldTradeCenterinthe16thcentury,seizedthemarineinthe17thcentury,andestablishedavastoverseasempireinAsia,America,CaribbeanandIrelandinthe18thcentury.Theempire’spassionofdominatingtheoceanformedthemostactivepartinthestructureofEnglishlanguageandculturalpracticeinthe18thcentury.ThedevelopmentoftheBritishIndustrialRevolutionmadeBritishaleadingcapitalistcountry.ForeigntradeandcolonialexpansionpromotedBritain’seconomicdevelopmentandcolonialismbecametheprimarytideinthesocietyatthattime.RobinsonCrusoecameintobeingundersuchcondition.ABriefIntroductionofColonialismistheestablishment,maintenance,acquisitionandexpansionofcoloniesinoneterritorybypeoplefromanotherterritory.Itisaprocesswherebythemetropoleclaimssovereigntyoverthecolony,andthesocialstructure,ernment,andeconomicsofthecolonyarechangedbycolonizersfromthemetropole.Inotherwords,colonialismisasetofunequalrelationshipsbetweenthemetropoleandthecolonyorbetweenthecolonistsandtheindigenouspeople.Thecolonialperiodwastheerafromthe1550sto,arguably,the1990swhenseveralEuropeanpowers(Spain,Britain,andFranceespecially)establishedcoloniesinAsia,Africa,andAmerica.Atfirst,thecountriesfollowedmercantilistpoliciesdesignedtostrengthenthehomeeconomyattheexpenseofrivals,sothecolonieswereusuallyallowedtotradeonlywiththemothercountry.Bythemiddleof19thcentury,thepowerfulBritishEmpiregaveupmercantilismandtraderestrictionsandintroducedtheprincipleoftrade,withfewrestrictionsortariffs.“Indifferentperiodsofthedevelopment,colonialismhasdifferentformsofexpression.Intheinitialperiod,colonialismwasmostlyshowedupasnaked,armedoccupation,overseasimmigrants,slavetrade,etc”(Cesaire,1972).Then,neocolonialismcameintobeing.Itisthepracticeofusingcapitalism,globalization,andcultural stocontrolacountry.Historiansoftenholdtheideathatcolonialismhastwooverlapforms:immigrationcolonialism,oftenmotivatedbyreligious,political,oreconomicreasonsandexploitationcolonialisminvolvingfewercolonistsandfocusesonaccesstoresourcesforexport.Andthemainroutetoestablishcolonialismiscolonization,amethodofabsorbingandassimilatingforeignpeoplesintotheimperialcountryfrommanyaspects,suchaspolitical,economic,culturalandreligiousaspects.LitureFormanyyears,manycriticsandresearchershaveyzedRobinsonCrusoefromthefollowingaspects:Fromthepost-colonialist,thatis,toyzethenovelbyusingthepost-colonialtheory.In2000,LiXiaomingsaidthatRobinsonwasreallyacolonizerwhenhewroteatotheEnglishversionsofRobinsonCrusoeforFangYuanandXuXiacun.TheprefacelsusthatRobinson,tosomeextent,hasthetypicalcharacteristicsofcolonialism.Inaddition,RenYimingcombinesRobinson’sexperiencewithbourgeoisie’seconomicactivitiesandyzesthebackgroundofthenovelfromthepost-colonialist.Fromaesthetic,thatis,todiscusstheaestheticvalueoftheworksfromcharactersandcreationtechniques.ThemajorworksincludeEuropeanModernFictions,ZhongMing’sDoubleReading,WuHoukai’sPioneerofRobinsonCrusoe,LiuJianjunandLiuXuefeng’sTheSymbolicMeaningoficWorldinRobinsonCrusoe,andsoon.AllofthesearticlesysistheicfeaturesofDefoe’sworksfromdifferentaspects.FromtheofRobinsonasabourgeoisieintherisingperiod,thatis,tostudythenovelwithahistoricalfactthatBritishbourgeoisieisintherisingperiodatthattime.LuoShipointsthatRobinsonisabrave,wise,toughandoptimisticmanwithhard-workingspirit;heisconsideredasaspokesmanofthetimesaswellasanidealembodimentofbourgeoisie.HuangMeialsopointsthatRobinsonCrusoeisaproductofthetimes.RobinsonCrusoe,asthefirstworkinthehistoryofEnglishli tureRealismnovel,isamirroroftheBritishsociety.“Afterreadingthisnovel,wecanfindthatRobinsonisdescribedasaheroicadventurerofcolonialism,whoisbornwithexploringspiritandfullofcolonialmotivation”(Luo,2002).Ascolonizationisthetypicalwaytoestablishcolonialism,ifweyzetheworkfromthreeaspects:economic,religiousandculturalcolonization,itwillhelpustounderstandthecolonialismandthenovelbetter.ChapterTwoEconomicColonizationEmbodiedinRobinsonRobinsonCrusoe,asthefirstworkinthehistoryofEnglishliturenovel,expressesthestrongambitionofEuropeanbourgeoisietoconquertheworld.ThenarrativestyleofthenovelhasacloseconnectionwithpopularadventureatthattimewhichistheresultoftheeconomicexpansionoftheBritishEmpire.EspeciallytheBritishIndustrialRevolutionmadeBritishaleadingcapitalistcountry.ForeigntradeandcolonialexpansionpromotedBritain’sdevelopment.Underthiscircumstance,RobinsonCrusoecanberegardedasaproductofBritain’seconomiccolonization.Robinson,theheroofthenovel,showsextraordinarycharacteristicsofeconomiccolonizationinhisactivities.Heestablishedntations,carriedouttrade,broughtblackslavesandmadeprofits,andeventuallybecamearichman.Ifweyzetheeconomiccolonizationembodiedinthenovelfromtheaspectsofcolonialtradeandislandoccupation,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofit.ColonialBytheearly18thcentury,anetworkofcolonialtradewasestablishedovertheNorthAtlanticOcean.Thisnetworkwastheresultoflocalconditions,dominantwindandseacurrentpatterns.Sincesailingwashighlyconstrainedbydominantwindpatterns,atradesystemfollowedit.ManufacturedcommoditieswereexportedfromEurope,sometowardstheAfricancolonialcenterswheretheywouldbeusedtopurchaseslaves,sometowardstheAmericancolonies.Thissystemalsoincludedaslavetrade,mainlytocentralandSouthAmericancolonies.Thissystemoftradecollapsedinthe19thcenturywiththeintroductionof ships,theendofslaveryandtheindependenceofmanyofthecolonies.Asoneimportantrouteineconomiccolonization,colonialtradeprovidedtheconditionforthecolonizers’capitalaccumulation.Inordertoaccumulateprimitivecapitalforhislatereconomicdevelopment,Robinsonhadcarriedouthisowncolonialtradegradually:WhenthisCargoarrived,Ithoughtmyfortunesmade,forIwassurprisedwiththejoyofit;andmygoodStewardthecaptainhadlaidoutthefivepoundswhichmyfriendhadsenthimforapresentforhimself,topurchase,andbringmeoveraservantunderbondforsixyearsservice,andwouldnotacceptofanyconsideration,exceptalittletobacco,whichIwouldhavehimaccept,beingofmyownproduce(Defoe,1998:ntationntationtradeisanimportantwayofcolonialtrade.WhenRobinsonwasstillyoung,hedidnotfollowhisfather’sadvicetogointolaw.Insteadhewantedtogotosea,beingeagertowealthandadventure.However,hewasunlucky.Heencounteredastorminhisfirstvoyageandwasindanger.Butinthefollowingadventures,hegainedalotinhistriptoAfrica:using40poundsoftoysandtriflestoget5.9ouncesofgolddust,andthenearned300poundsinLondon.HearrivedinBraziltosettledown,grewntations,andgainedahugeprofit.Butasabus’dProsperityisoftentimesmadetheverymeansofourgreatestadversity,sowasitwithme.Iwentonthenextyearwithgreatsuccessinntation:Iraisedfiftygreatrollsoftobaccoonmyownground,morethanIhaddisposedoffornecessariesamongmyneighbours;andthesefiftyrollsbeingeachofabovea100wt.Wellcur’dandlaidbyagainstthereturnofthefleetfromLisbon:andnowincreasinginbusinessandinwealth,myheadbegantobefullofprojectsandundertakingsbeyondmyreach;suchasareindeedoftentheruineofthebestheadsinbusiness(Defoe,1998:48).Inordertodevelopthentations,thecolonizeralsobroughtkindsofnecessarytoolstothecolony.Manythingsbroughtfromthesuzerainstateweresoldinthecolonywithhighprices.RobinsonhadtwovoyagestothecoastofGuineainAfricatomerchandise:ThemanneroftradingwiththeNegroesthere,andhoweasyitwastopurchaseuponthecoast,fortrifles,suchasbeads,toys,knives,scissars,hatchets,bitsofglass,andthelike;notonlygolddust,guineagrains,elephantsteeth,&c.butNegroesfortheserviceofthebrasils,inoreatNumbers(Defoe,1998:53).“Inthe17thcentury,ntationtrademainlymeanstoselltobaccotoEurope.AftertheWarofIndependence,theagriculturalproductshadreduced,sontationeconomywasundertheinfluence”(Bairoch,1995).Inthe18thcentury,becauseofthefastdevelopmentofBritishcottontextileandtheexpansionoftheindustrialrevolution,ntationtradehadexpanded,leadingaresultofincreasingneedofslaves.Hugeprofitsdrovemoreandmorepeopletorunslavetrade.Slavetradealsoreflectedtheexistenceofeconomiccolonization.SlaveAsoneofthetypicalwaysofeconomiccolonization,slavetradeyedanimportantpartoncolonialtrade.WiththeopeningofEuropeanntationsintheNewWorldduringthe1500s,thedemandforslavesintheAmericaswassuddenlyincreased.AlthoughntationinBrazilmadeRobinsonaccumulatehisownwealth,hestilldecidedtogotoseaagainforhispursuitofcolonialinterests.Asearlyasinthemiddleof16thcentury,BritainhadbegunbuyingandsellingAfricanblacks.Whentheslavetradebecamelegal,thesenseofnationalprideofBritishpeopleincreasedgradually,thesuperiorityofwhitepeoplebecamestronger,andtheracisthadadeeperanddeeperprejudiceanddiscriminationagainstthenationswhoaredifferentfromthem.Inthenovel,wecanfindsomepartstodisyslavetrade.Firstly,afterRobinsonarrivedinBraziltosettledown,heearnedalotofmoney.Andinordertoexpandhisntation,hedecidedtohaveavoyagetobuymoreslaves.Inthebook,wecanthatwhenDefoewrotetheslavetrade,hedidnotshowalittleguilt.Inhiseyes,slavetradeisalegal,ordinaryandcommonwayoftrade.Robinsonwantedtogainmoneybyhisvoyages,socolonialtradeinevitablybecameamajorwayofgainingbenefit.Inordertogainbenefits,everythingcanbetradedforRobinson,whichcanbeclearlyseenfromhisrelationshipwithXury.HemadeaMoor,calledXury,tobehisservant.AlthoughtheMoorhadsavedRobinson’slifeandbeenRobinson’sslave,evenconsideringRobinson’slifemoreimportantthanhis,whenthePortuguesecaptainwantedtobuyXuryatthepriceof60pounds,Robinsonstillacceptedit.Secondly,beforeFriday’sarrival,Robinsonlivedbyhisownlabor.Atthattime,hecouldbecalledalaborer.ButwhenFridayarrived,Robinson’spositionwaschangedfromalaborertoamaster,andactually,hebecameacolonizer.AlthoughRobinsonhimselfalsoparticipatedinwork,heenjoyedFriday’sfruitsoflabor.HeorderedFridaytogrowcerealandpickedupwaterbirdsheshot.WhatmoreimportantisthatRobinsonmadeitcleartoFridaythathehadtherighttoorderFridaytodoanything,eventoclaimhislife.Inotherwords,FridayisaslaveofRobinson.IslandBecauseofashipwreck,Robinsonreachedanuninhabitedisland.Hisoccupationoftheislandbecamenatural.“Uninhabited”isonlytheconceptoftheWesterncolonizerstomanyaborigineswhodidnothavethecustomofoccupyingterritory.WhenRobinsonarrivedontheisland,hedeclareditanuninhabitedislandafterhelookedaroundtheislandforawhile.Formthenon,hebecametheowneroftheisland,andbegantousehisrighttotheisland.Hesetupastrongholdoftheisland,andbuiltself-defensesandmadesignsontheceswherehelandedtorecordhistime.Byngthesethings,heactuallybecametheowneroftheisland.Sincehisdeclarationthattheislandwashisownterritory,Robinsonusedthesourcesontheislandwithoutdoubt.However,sometimesthereweresomeaboriginescomingtothisisland.ButRobinsonthoughtthathewastheowneroftheisland,sotheappearanceofontheislandcouldberegardedasaninvasiontotheterritoryoftheRobinson.Infact,Robinson’swell-designedsystemofdefensesaimedtoprotecthimagainsttheaborigines.Soitwaseasytounderstandthereasonwhyhefelthewasinacriticalsituationwhenhesawthefootprintsonthebeach.Thesavagemadehimgetfrightenedanddisgusted.Therefore,Robinsondecidedtotryhisbesttomaintainhisterritory.Sohedecidedtokilltheaboriginesiftheydaretoinvadehisterritorywhenitisnecessary.Hehassaidinarageformanytimes:“ButiftherewastwentyIshouldkillthemall:ThisFancypleasedmythoughtsforsomeweeks,andIwassofullofit,thatIoftendreamedofit;andsometimesthatIwasjustgoingtoletflyattheminmysleep”(Defoe,1998).TenmonthsafterRobinsonlandedonthedesertedisland,althoughhedidnotseeanytraceofhumanbeingwhenlookingaroundonthehill,hestillfeltveryhappyinthattheislandhisprivateproperties.“Robinsonputhiseffortstoputeverythingontheislandunderhiscontrol,sothathecouldgainwealthfromitcontinually,whichshowsthecolonizers’well-designednfortheirfuturedevelopment”(Li,2000).Robinsonhadastrongdesiretocontrolontheisland,includingthenativeFridayhesavedlater.Inhiseyes,thedesertedislandwashisprivateproperty.Robinsonknewthatnamingthethingsmeansthathehastherighttopossessthem.SoRobinsonnamedthedesertedislandwherehelivedasthe“IslandofDespair”.Andhethoughtallthethingsonthedesertedislandwerehisproperties.Healsonamedmanyotherthingsandpeople,like“Castle”,“CountryofHouse”,“SeaCoastHouse”,“Villa”,“Friday”andthelike.Thisislandbecamehisownkingdomwhichwaswaitinghisconqueringandexploitation.ChapterThreeReligiousColonizationEmbodiedinRobinsonReligiouscolonizationinRobinsonCrusoecanbeseenmainlyfromhisreligiousreformofhimselfandofFriday.Ifweyzethereligiousreformsfromthesetwoaspects,wewillhaveabetterunderstandingofthereligiouscolonizationembodiedinthenovel.Robinson’sReligiousReformofInthenovel,beforeRobinsondriftedtotheisland,heneverbelievedinGod.However,whenhestayedaloneontheisland,hereallyfelttheneedofGodandbegantoreadtheBibleregularly.WhenRobinsonencounteredcatastrophesandfaceddeath,hewouldpraytoGodtofindinnerpeace.Whenhemetatroubleontheisland,hewouldreadtheBibleandpray,whichbecameanimportantpartofhislifeduringthe28yearshespentontheisland.AfterRobinsonarrivedattheisland20dayslater,hefoundhelackedbook,penandink.maps,thelogbook,threeBibles,andseveralprayerbooksinPortuguese.Hekeptthemcarefully.Threetimesearthquakehadhappenedontheisland.Fallinginfear,RobinsonheardtheGod’ssummon.Wakingupfromnightmares,Robinsonrepentedfromthebottomofheartthathewasamanregardlessofgoodandevil,formanyyears,withoutthinkingofgodorself-reflection.Beforethat,hedidn’tknowtothankGodwhentherescuecame.Evenwhenhewastheonlyonesurvivedintheshipwreck,heneverthoughtaboutthankingGodforit.Whenillness,deathandthepainbegantoappearinhislife,Robinsonstartedtosoberupandblamehimselfformanyunusualcrimeshehaddoneinthepast.Hethoughtthatallofthesejustangeredthegod,sotheGodjustgavehimrevenge.Oneday,Robinsongotwetintherainandcaughtacold.Itwasserious.Onthethirddayofsickness,Robinsonprayedtogodtosavehim.Thiswasthefirsttimeforhimtopray.Onemorning,heputtheBibleinthehand,turnedovertheNewTestament,andbegantoreadcarefully.Hemadeantoreaditeverymorningandevening,andafteraperiodoftime,hefelthisheartwasverydeep,veryclearlymoved.BecauseofreadingtheBible,hisideabegantofocusonsomethingnoblerandhismindbecameclearer.Withhisphysicalrecovery,Robinsontriedtomakethenormalizationoflifeagain.Fromthenon,prayingbecameanimportantpartinRobinson’slife.AndhecouldgetstrengthandcomfortfromtheBible.Evenafterheescapedfromthewild,hepickeduptheBibletopray.Robinson’sReligiousReformofAstheidentityofthesavior,RobinsonappearedbeforeFridayandsavedhimwhenhewasalmostkilled.Beinggrateful,FridaywentdownonhiskneesbeforeRobinson,whichlookedashewould,athislifelong,doRobinson’sslave.Fromthenon,Fridaywouldlosehisdom,andhealsowouldsufferreligiousreformationofthecolonists,then,thelossoftheoriginalnationalAfterRobinsonsavedFriday,RobinsonlethimknowGodandstartedtotransformhimtobelieveinGod.Fromthesethings,IbegantoinstructhimintheknowledgeofthetrueGod:Itoldhimthatthegreatmakerofallthingslivedupthere,pointinguptowardsheaven:Thatheernstheworldbythesamepowerandprovidencebywhichhehadmadeit:Thathewasomnipotent,coulddoeverythingforus,giveeverythingtous,takeeverythingfromus;andthusbydegreesIopenedhiseyes.Helistenedwithgreatattention,andreceivedwithpleasurethenotionofJesusChristbeingsenttoredeemus,andofthemannerofmakingourprayerstoGod,andhisbeingabletohearus,evenintoheaven;hetoldmeoneday,thatifourGodcouldhearusupbeyondthesun,heneedsbeagreaterGodthantheirbenamuckee,wholivedbutalittlewayoff,andyetcouldnothear,tilltheywentuptothegreatmountainswherehedwelt,tospeaktohim(Defoe,1998:314).OneofimportantcontentoflifethatRobinsonandFridaytogetheristhatRobinsonreadingtheBibletoFridayandthenFridaywouldgraduallybeingabletoaskquestionsandstudy.RobinsonCrusoetaughtFridayhowtosincerelyrepentsin,makeaself-improvement,obeyGod’sinstructions,andeventuallylethim eatrueChristian.RobinsongavesomereformsofFridayonthelivinghabits,andalsocarriedoutareformtoFriday’sreligiousbelieve,openingFriday’smindwiththeGod’sholyspiritandGod’slanguageandmakinghimacceptRobinson’slanguage,evenreligion.Afterthree-yeareffort,RobinsonfinallytransformedFridayintoatrueChristian.Itisareflectionofthecapitalist’smissionaryzealtocivilizethepeopleinthecolonialregions.ChapterFourCulturalColonialismEmbodiedinRobinsonAfterdiscussingthecolonizationembodiedinthebookfromeconomicandreligiousaspects,Iwouldliketotalkmoreabouttheculturalcolonizationembodiedinthenovel.Robinson’sRelationwithTherelationbetweenRobinsonandFridayseemstobesimplebutcomplex.Itissimplebecausetheirrelationcouldbeseemsasarelationshipofmasterandslave;itiscomplexbecausetherearesomeotherexnationstotheirrelationship.Robinson’sRelationwithFridayasMasterandRobison’snarrationofFriday’ssalvationandFriday’srenamingreflectedtheculturalcolonization.“Whentheymeteachother,duetolackingof“l(fā)anguage”communication,FridayhadtorelyonbodylanguagetoexpresshimselftoRobison.Inngso,heobviouslygaveasignofservitudeasifsetbynature,thatis,heshouldobeyandservethewhite”(Huang,2003).Then,ingivingeducationtoFriday,Robisonrenamedthe“Cannibal”,hesaved,“Friday”andhimself“master”.ThisplotletusremindsofthedescriptionthatDefoegave,attheofthestory,abouttheshiftofGerman,namedKreutzaer,intoCrusoe,whichsymbolizedthatRobinsononcelivedundercoercion,sowasFridaynow.ThatisthereasonwhyRobinsonchose“master”forhimself,anamethatclearlydisyedhisauthorityandcontroloverFriday.“AfterFriday’sarriving,Robinsonstartedtochangehispositionfromalabortoamaster.HeorderedFridaytodosomeworksandenjoyedFriday’sfruitsoflabor”(Wang,2011).What’smore,heletFridayknowRobinsonhadtherighttoorderandclaimhim.AndthusRobinsondefinedthemaster-servantrelationshipbetweenhimandFriday.AlltheseshowthatWesternersatDefoe’serahadtheideathattheywerebornsuperiortootherpeople.Soitwastheirrightstoconquerthelandandnativepeople,andinturntomakethemfullysubmissivetotheirownneeds.Robinson’sRelationwithFridayasBesidesarelationshipofmasterandslave,itseemsthatRobinsonandFridayalsowantedsomekindsofrelationsuchasthatoffriendfortheyfeltlonelyonthedesertedisland.Theyneededthesupportofeachother.ThatisthereasonwhyRobisonalsocalledhimselfFriday’sfather.WhenhesawFriday’shappinessatreunitingwithhisownfather,heevenhadlousy.Inthenovel,RobisongavemanydifferentnamestoFriday:“savage”,“mymanFriday”,“poorhonestcreature”,“faithfulservant”,“Christian”,“poorhonestcreature”,“faithfulservant”,“Christian”,“mycompanionofallmysorrowsandsolitudes”.“All