專四模擬試題閱讀

專四模擬試題（閱讀篇1）專四模擬試題（閱讀篇1）GlacierNationalParkinMontanasharesboundarieswithCanada,anAmericanIndianreservation,andanationalforest.AlongtheNorthForkoftheFlatheadRiver,theparkalsobordersabout17,000acresofprivatelandsthatarecurrentlyusedforranching,timber,andagriculture.Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.Theseprivatelandsareessentiallytheonlyonesavailablefordevelopmentintheregion.Withencouragementfromthepark,locallandownersinitiatedalanduseplanningefforttoguidethefutureoftheNorthFork.Theparkisapartnerinaninterlocalagreementthatcallsforresourcemanagingagenciestoworktogetherandwiththemorethan400privateownersinthearea.Adraftplanhasbeenprepared,withobjectiveofmaintainingtraditionaleconomicusesbutlimitingnewdevelopmentthatwoulddamageparkresources.Voluntaryactionbylandowners,incooperationwiththeparkandthecounty,ishelpingtorestrictsmalllotsubdivisions,maintainwildlifecorridors,andminimizeanyharmfulimpactontheenvironment.Thewillingnessoflocallandownerstoparticipateinthisprotectioneffortmayhavebeenstimulatedbyconcernsthatcongresswouldimposealegislativesolution.Nevertheless,manylocalresidentswanttoretaintheexistingcharacterofthearea.Meetingsbetweenparkofficialsandlandownershaveledtoadramatically-可編輯修改-improvedunderstandingofallconcerns.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.theendangeredspeciesinGlacierNationalParktheprotectionoflandssurroundingGlacierNationalParkconservationlawsimposedbythestateofMontanaconservationlawsimposedbyCongressWhyaretheprivatelandssurroundingGlacierNationalParksoimportant?Theyfunctionasahuntingpreserve.Theyarerestrictedtogovernmentuse.Theyareheavilypopulated.Theycontainnaturalhabitatsofthreatenedspecies.Therelationshipbetweenparkofficialsandneighboringlandownersmaybestbedescribedas.A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointingItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorinterestoftheofficialsofGlacierNationalParkisto.limitlanddevelopmentaroundtheparkestablishanewparkinMontanainfluencenationallegislationsettleborderdisputeswithCanada答案解析：B）這是一道主旨題。通過閱讀文章可知，為了保護冰川國家公園的瀕危物種和資源，公-可編輯修改-園當(dāng)局和地方土地所有者制訂了限制土地使用計劃，故答案為B。D）這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句"Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepar匕（這片土地是非常重要的，因為這里是幾種經(jīng)常光顧此公園的瀕危物種的棲息地和遷徙路線。）可知選項D為正確答案。C）根據(jù)第二段可知，公園當(dāng)局和地方土地所有者密切合作來保護資源，因此他們的關(guān)系是"cooperative"合作性的）。A）這是一道推理題。根據(jù)第二段第三句和閱讀全文，我們很容易就可以得到這樣一個信息、：為了保護自然資源和瀕危物種，公園管理者限制那些會破壞資源的土地開發(fā)。因此選項A為正確答案。專四模擬試題（閱讀篇2）Humanbeingshaveusedtoolsforaverylongtime.Insomepartsoftheworldyoucanstillfindtoolsthatpeopleusedmorethantwomillionyearsago.Theymadethesetoolsbyhittingonestoneagainstanother.Inthisway,theybrokeoffpiecesfromoneofthestones.Thesechipsofstonewereusuallysharpononeside.Peopleusedthemforcuttingmeatandskinfromdeadanimals,andalsoformakingothertoolsoutofwood.Humanbeingsneededtousetoolsbecausetheydidnothavesharpteethlikeothermeateatinganimals,suchaslionsandtigers.Toolshelpedpeopletogetfoodmoreeasily.Workingwithtoolsalsohelpedtodevelophumanintelligence.Thehumanbraingrewbigger,andhumanbeingsbegantoinventmoreandmoretoolsandmachines.Thestonechipwasoneofthefirsttoolsthatpeopleused,andperhapsit-可編輯修改-isthemostimportant.Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytosuccessofmankind.Thestonechipisthoughttobethemostimportanttoolbecauseit.wasoneofthefirsttoolsdevelopedhumancapabilitiesledtotheinventionofmachineswascrucialtothedevelopmentofmankindAttheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstosuggestthatlifeinfutureis.A.disastrousB.unpredictableC.excitingD.colorful.D）這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段尾句“Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytothesuccessofmankind'可知"stonechip”對于人類的發(fā)展起到了非常重要的作用，這與D正好相符。B）在文章最后一段中作者說人類在過去的幾百萬年時間里一直使用"stonechip”，人類社會發(fā)生的變化很小。而我們使用"siliconchips”才不過幾年，生活卻發(fā)生了巨大的變化。于是作者發(fā)出了疑問："二十年后的生活會是什么樣子的呢？”，“二百萬年后的世界又會是什么樣子呢？”，表明將來的生活無法預(yù)料，這與選項B相符專四模擬試題（閱讀篇3）AsmanyasonethousandyearsagointheSouthwest,theHopiandZuniIndiansofNorthAmericawerebuildingwithadobe-sunbakedbrickplasteredwithmud.Theirhomeslookedremarkablylikemodernapartmenthouses.Somewerefour-可編輯修改-storieshighandcontainedquartersforperhapsathousandpeople,alongwithstoreroomsforgrainandothergoods.Thesebuildingswereusuallyputupagainstcliffs,bothtomakeconstructioneasierandfordefenseagainstenemies.Theywerereallyvillagesinthemselves,aslaterSpanishexplorersmusthaverealizedsincetheycalledthem"pueblos",whichisSpanishfortown.Thepeopleofthepueblosraisedwhatarecalled"thethreesisters"-corn,beans,andsquash.Theymadeexcellentpotteryandwovemarvelousbaskets,somesofinethattheycouldholdwater.TheSouthwesthasalwaysbeenadrycountry,wherewaterisscarce.TheHopiandZunibroughtwaterfromstreamstotheirfieldsandgardensthroughirrigationditches.Waterwassoimportantthatitplayedamajorroleintheirreligion.Theydevelopedelaborateceremoniesandreligiousritualstobringrain.Thewayoflifeoflesssettledgroupswassimplerandmorestronglyinfluencedbynature.SmalltribessuchastheShoshoneandUtewanderedthedryandmountainouslandsbetweentheRockyMountainsandthePacificOcean.Theygatheredseedsandhuntedsmallanimalssuchassmallrabbitsandsnakes.IntheFarNorththeancestorsoftoday,sInuithuntedseals,walruses,andthegreatwhales.Theylivedrightonthefrozenseasinshelterscalledigloosbuiltofblocksofpackedsnow.Whensummercame,theyfishedforsalmonandhuntedthelordlycaribou.TheCheyenne,Pawnee,andSiouxtribes,knownasthePlainsIndians,livedonthegrasslandsbetweentheRockyMountainsandtheMississippiRiver.Theyhunted-可編輯修改-bison,commonlycalledthebuffalo.Itsmeatwasthechieffoodofthesetribes,anditshidewasusedtomaketheirclothingandcoveringoftheirtentsandtipis.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ThearchitectureofearlyAmericanIndianbuildings.ThemovementofAmericanIndiansacrossNorthAmerica.CeremoniesandritualsofAmericanIndians.ThewayoflifeofAmericanIndiantribesinearlyNorthAmerica.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedwellingsoftheHopiandZuniwere.A.verysmallB.highlyadvancedC.difficulttodefendD.quicklyconstructed答案D）根據(jù)閱讀短文可知，作者主要描述了北美地區(qū)不同印第安部落的不同的生活方式。故選項D為正確答案。B）此題為推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，早在一千年前Hopi和Zuni兩支北美印第安部落就用一種磚坯"adobe"來建造房屋，高可達(dá)四層樓高，有居住室還有儲藏室，頗像現(xiàn)代的公寓，故選項B（高度發(fā)達(dá)）為正確答案。專四模擬試題（閱讀篇4）GlacierNationalParkinMontanasharesboundarieswithCanada,anAmericanIndianreservation,andanationalforest.AlongtheNorthForkoftheFlatheadRiver,theparkalsobordersabout17,000acresofprivatelandsthatarecurrentlyusedfor-可編輯修改-ranching,timber,andagriculture.Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.Theseprivatelandsareessentiallytheonlyonesavailablefordevelopmentintheregion.Withencouragementfromthepark,locallandownersinitiatedalanduseplanningefforttoguidethefutureoftheNorthFork.Theparkisapartnerinaninterlocalagreementthatcallsforresourcemanagingagenciestoworktogetherandwiththemorethan400privateownersinthearea.Adraftplanhasbeenprepared,withobjectiveofmaintainingtraditionaleconomicusesbutlimitingnewdevelopmentthatwoulddamageparkresources.Voluntaryactionbylandowners,incooperationwiththeparkandthecounty,ishelpingtorestrictsmalllotsubdivisions,maintainwildlifecorridors,andminimizeanyharmfulimpactontheenvironment.Thewillingnessoflocallandownerstoparticipateinthisprotectioneffortmayhavebeenstimulatedbyconcernsthatcongresswouldimposealegislativesolution.Nevertheless,manylocalresidentswanttoretaintheexistingcharacterofthearea.Meetingsbetweenparkofficialsandlandownershaveledtoadramaticallyimprovedunderstandingofallconcerns.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.theendangeredspeciesinGlacierNationalParktheprotectionoflandssurroundingGlacierNationalParkconservationlawsimposedbythestateofMontanaconservationlawsimposedbyCongressWhyaretheprivatelandssurroundingGlacierNationalParksoimportant?-可編輯修改-Theyfunctionasahuntingpreserve.Theyarerestrictedtogovernmentuse.Theyareheavilypopulated.Theycontainnaturalhabitatsofthreatenedspecies.Therelationshipbetweenparkofficialsandneighboringlandownersmaybestbedescribedas.A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointingItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorinterestoftheofficialsofGlacierNationalParkisto.limitlanddevelopmentaroundtheparkestablishanewparkinMontanainfluencenationallegislationsettleborderdisputeswithCanadaB）這是一道主旨題。通過閱讀文章可知，為了保護冰川國家公園的瀕危物種和資源，公園當(dāng)局和地方土地所有者制訂了限制土地使用計劃，故答案為B。D）這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句"Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepar匕（這片土地是非常重要的，因為這里是幾種經(jīng)常光顧此公園的瀕危物種的棲息地和遷徙路線。）可知選項D為正確答案。C）根據(jù)第二段可知，公園當(dāng)局和地方土地所有者密切合作來保護資源，因此他們的關(guān)系是"cooperative"合作性的）。A）這是一道推理題。根據(jù)第二段第三句和閱讀全文，我們很容易就可以得到這樣一個信-可編輯修改-息、：為了保護自然資源和瀕危物種，公園管理者限制那些會破壞資源的土地開發(fā)。因此選項A為正確答案。專四模擬試題（閱讀篇5）About5,000yearsago,theEgyptiansandotherpeopleintheNearEastbegantousepicturesaskindofwriting.Theydrewsimplepicturesorsignstorepresentthingsandideas,andalsotorepresentthesoundsoftheirlanguage.Thesignsthesepeopleusedbecameakindofalphabet.TheEgyptiansusedtorecordinformationandtotellstoriesbyputtingpicturewritingandpicturestogether.Whenanimportantpersondied,scenesandstoriesfromhislifewerepaintedandcarvedonthewallsoftheplacewherehewasburied.Someofthesepicturesarelikemoderncomicstripstories.IthasbeensaidthatEgyptisthehomeofthecomicstrip.But,fortheEgyptians,picturesstillhadmagicpower.Sotheydidnottrytomaketheirwayofwritingsimple.Theordinarypeoplecouldnotunderstandit.Bytheyear1,000BC,peoplewholivedintheareaaroundtheMediterraneanSeahaddevelopedasimplersystemofwriting.Thesignstheyusedwereveryeasytowrite,andtherewerefewerofthemthanintheEgyptiansystem.Thiswasbecauseeachsign,orletter,representedonlyonesoundintheirlanguage.TheGreeksdevelopedthissystemandformedthelettersoftheGreekalphabet.TheRomanscopiedtheidea,andtheRomanalphabetisnowusedallovertheworld.Thesedays,wecanwritedownastory,orrecordinformation,withoutusingpictures.Butwestillneedpicturesofallkinds:drawing,photographs,signsand-可編輯修改-diagrams.Wefindthemeverywhere:inbooksandnewspapers,inthestreet,andonthewallsoftheplaceswhereweliveandwork.Pictureshelpustounderstandandrememberthingsmoreeasily,andtheycanmakeastorymuchmoreinteresting.PicturesofanimalswerepaintedonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpainbecause.thehunterswantedtoseethepicturesthepainterswereanimalloversthepainterswantedtoshowimaginationthepictureswerethoughttobehelpfulTheGreekalphabetwassimplerthantheEgyptiansystemforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.theformerwaseasytowritetherewerefewersignsintheformertheformerwaseasytopronounceeachsignstoodforonlyonesoundWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?TheEgyptiansignslaterbecameaparticularalphabet.TheEgyptianslikedtowritecomicstripstories.TheRomanalphabetwasdevelopedfromtheEgyptianone.TheGreekscopiedtheirwritingsystemfromtheEgyptians.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpictures.-可編輯修改-shouldbemadecomprehensibleshouldbemadeinterestingareofmuchuseinourlifehavedisappearedfromourlifeD）根據(jù)文章第一段第五行“Perhapsthepaintersthoughtthattheirpictureswouldhelpthemtocatchtheseanimals.”可知古代人以為在墻上畫畫會對他們有所幫助，故選項D為正確答案。C）在做此類題時要注意題干的要求。通過閱讀文章第四段很清楚就知道選項C“前者容易發(fā)音"在文中沒有提及，故為正確答案。A）可用排除法來做本題。通過閱讀文章很清楚選項B和D為錯誤陳述。選項C“羅馬字母是從埃及字母發(fā)展而來的”根據(jù)文章第四段第四，五句可知為錯誤論述，因此只有選項A為正確答案。C）文章最后一段講述了圖畫在今天的用途，故選項C為正確答案專四模擬試題（閱讀篇6）TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarose-可編輯修改-whichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.Thosewhobelievedthatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.Anothertheorytracesthetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Theoriginsoftheater.B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance.-可編輯修改-C.Theimportanceofstorytelling.D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?A.Dance.B.Costumes.C.Music.D.Magic.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.Ritualisshorterthandrama.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.A）這是一道主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一句"TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece”及第三段第一句"Anothertheorytracesthetheatersoriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling”可知本文是討論戲劇的起源的。故選項-可編輯修改-A為正確答案。C）這也是一道主旨題。本題可用排除法來做。通過閱讀第一段，首先很明顯可將選項B和D排除；選項A（戲劇無法預(yù)測的原因）也不正確，故只有選項C（神話與戲劇情節(jié)的聯(lián)系）為正確答案。D）這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。在做本題時要注意題干中的NOT。通過閱讀文章很明顯選項DMagic為正確答案。D）根據(jù)文章第二段可知盡管有人說戲劇起源于宗教儀式，但是它們還是有區(qū)別的，例如：戲劇演出"performances"要有合適的演出地點；戲劇表演時“表演區(qū)"（"actingarea”）和“觀看區(qū)"（"auditorium"）有明顯的分界線，另外表演戲劇還要有演員。而宗教儀式在進(jìn)行過程中為了避免犯錯誤都是由宗教領(lǐng)袖來進(jìn)行，由他們戴上面具，穿上服裝來模仿其他人，動物或超自然的東西，做出一些動作以求達(dá)到一些目的，例如在打獵或戰(zhàn)斗中取得勝利，祈雨等。由此可判斷宗教儀式都有一定的宗教目的，而戲劇卻沒有，這正符合選項D。A）通過閱讀文章可知，選項A為正確答案。專四模擬試題（閱讀篇7）Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyits-可編輯修改-tubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumbershaped-hencetheirname-andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants，thisshape，combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites，eatingdayandnight，seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate-feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched；itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant？Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.-可編輯修改-Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.thereproductionofseacucumbersthefoodsourcesofseacucumberstheeatinghabitsofseacucumbersthreatstoseacucumbers'existenceWhatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber？Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.Theyarealmostuseless.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater？A.AtouchB.FoodC.UnusuallywarmwaterD.Pollution.B）通過閱讀文章可以排除選項A、C、D，因為文中沒有提及，故選項B為正確答案。C）此題為段落主旨題。通過閱讀第四段可知作者都是講述海參的進(jìn)食習(xí)慣，故選項C為正確答案。A）此題為推論題。根據(jù)最后一段可知海參在受到外界刺激時，會做出一定的反應(yīng)，這也反映出它的防御機制非常敏感，故A為正確答案。-可編輯修改-B）此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段可知惟有food不會使海參將體內(nèi)器官吐出來，故其為正確答案。專四模擬試題（閱讀篇8）Municipalsewageisofrelativelyrecentoriginasapollutant.Itwasfirstbroughttopublicattentioninthe19thcenturybyaLondonphysicianwhoshowedthatthecity'scholeraoutbreakhadbeencausedbyjustonecontaminatedwell.Eventhoughthecontaminationofdrinkingwaterbydiseasegermshasbeennearlyeliminatedinthiscountry,hundredsofcommunitiesarestilldischargingrawsewageintostreamsandrivers.Whenweconsiderthatthissewagecontainseffluentsfromtoilets,hospitals,laundries,industrialplants,etc.,thenthepotentialofthepollutantsasahealthhazardisapparent.Theproblemofmunicipalsewagedisposaliscomplicatedbythefactthat,yearsago,mostcitiescombinedtheirstormandwastedisposalsewers.Manyofthesecombinedsystemsworkwell,butotherscannotcopewithsuddenheavyrains.Whensuchstormsoccur,watermixedwithsewagemayfloodanddisabletreatmentplantsunlessbypassed,untreated,intoastream.Ineithercase,thepeoplemayhavelittleprotectionforseveraldaysfromthesewastesthatmaycontaindiseasegerms.Evenifadequatelytreatedtoeliminatethehealthhazard,sewageisaestheticallyundesirablebecauseofodorsandcolorsproduced.Detergentshaveposedaparticulardisposalproblem.Althoughthereisnoindicationthattheyareinjurioustohealth,theycancausefoaming,whichcanclogtreatmentplantsand,attheleast,spoilthescenicbeautyofstreams.Ruraland-可編輯修改-suburbanresidentsshouldbeawarethatseptictanksandcesspoolsareapotentialsourceofpollutiontogroundwatersupplies.Thisisespeciallytrueinthesuburbanareaswithahighpopulationdensityandwithnomunicipalsewagedisposalandtreatmentsystemavailable.Insomeareas,sewagedisposalisaccomplishedbycesspools.Soilresearchisfurnishingguidelinesformoreeffectiveandsaferuseofsystemssuchasthese.ThispassageisconcernedprimarilywithblemsofwastedisposaldangersofdrinkingfromwellsturbidityofpollutedwateroutbreakofcholeraTheauthormentionstheLondoncholeraepidemicvethatthecityrefusedtodealwithpollutionprovethatmedicalscienceonceknewlittleaboutpollutionintroducetheideaofcontaminatedwatersuppliesrecallahistoricalfactIndenselypopulatedsuburbanareas,adangerexitsfrom.streamsthatdonotflowdirectlytoopenbodiesofwatercesspoolsandseptictanksthatcontaminatewatersuppliesstormandwastedisposalsewersthathavebeencombinedtheundesirableodorsofsewageIndevelopingthemainpoint,theauthormakesuseof.-可編輯修改-scientificargumentsconvincingtestimonycommonsenseobservationsanalogy.A。此題為主旨題。線索詞為"sewage"、"pollutant"、"sewagedisposal'等，這些詞貫穿文章始終，可見A項符合題意。B、C、D三項皆為文中細(xì)節(jié)，不能反映主題。.C。此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在第一段。線索詞為'Londoncholera"。此題考查作者引用的目的。A項與文中所述事實相反。B項文中未涉及此話題。D項"Londoncholera"是一個"historicalfact",卻不是作者引用之目的。.B。此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在最后一段的主題句中。線索詞為"suburban","sourceofpollution"和"groundwater"。.C。此題為篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。作者首先提出排污系統(tǒng)為污染源，然后通過觀察、分析、歸納來闡述觀點，而沒用A項"科學(xué)論證"、B項"令人信服的證據(jù)"或D項"類比"。專四模擬試題（閱讀篇9）Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oron-可編輯修改-thesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumbershaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant?Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.-可編輯修改-Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.thereproductionofseacucumbersthefoodsourcesofseacucumberstheeatinghabitsofseacucumbersthreatstoseacucumbersB）通過閱讀文章可以排除選項A、B）通過閱讀文章可以排除選項A、C、D，因為文中沒有提及，故選項B為正確答案。C）此題為段落主旨題。通過閱讀第四段可知作者都是講述海參的進(jìn)食習(xí)慣，故選項C為正確答案。-可編輯修改-Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber?Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.Theyarealmostuseless.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatur