安全工程專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯

安全工程專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯(中文)所對(duì)應(yīng)的英文詞匯Safetyisacommodity.安全就是商品！Safetyat安全工程專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯(中文)所對(duì)應(yīng)的英文詞匯Safetyisacommodity.安全就是商品！Safetyatfirst安全第一！Tobesafecannotdependonwisebehind.安全不能指望事后諸葛！Toleratingdangeristocutone'sownthroat.容忍危險(xiǎn)等于作法自斃！Secondthoughtsarebestforsafety.為了安全須三思而后行！Astumblemaypreventafall.小躓可防大跌！2.常見(jiàn)的安全英語(yǔ)名詞現(xiàn)代安全管理(MSMmordensafetymanagement)?工藝安全管理(PSMprocesssafetymanagement)?國(guó)際安全評(píng)級(jí)系統(tǒng)(ISRSinternationalsafetyrisksystem)?HSE狀況(HSECase)?緊急預(yù)案(ERPemergencyresponsibleprogress)?危險(xiǎn)源辨識(shí)(HAZIDhazardousidentify)?危害與可操作性分析(HAZOP)?工藝危險(xiǎn)性分析(PHAprocesshazardousanalysis)?如果-怎么辦分析(What-if)?故障類(lèi)型及影響分析(FMEA)?事件樹(shù)分析(EventTreeAnalysis)?故障樹(shù)分析(FaultTreeAnalysis)?定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)(QualitativeRiskAssessment)?量化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)(QRA)?火災(zāi)安全性分析(FireSafetyAnalysis)?安全審核(SafetyAudit)?項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理(ProjectRiskManagement)?企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理(EnterpriseRiskManagement)安全操作規(guī)程Safetyregulationsforoperations安全極限Safetymargins安全間隙safegap安全監(jiān)測(cè)Safetymonitoring安全監(jiān)察Safetysupervision安全檢查safereview,SR安全檢查表分析safetychecklistanalysis,SCA安全鑒定：Safetyappraisal安全經(jīng)濟(jì)效益SafetyCostEffectiveness安全經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Safetyeconomics安全考核Safetycheckassessment安全可靠性SafetyReliability安全模擬與安全仿學(xué)Safetysimulation&imitation安全評(píng)價(jià)SafetyAssessment安全人體工程Safetylivelihoodengineeringwork安全人因工程學(xué)Safetyhumanfactorsengineering安全生產(chǎn)指標(biāo)體系safetyproductiontargetsystem安全生產(chǎn)指數(shù)safetyproductionindex安全事故SafeAccidents安全事故罪Crimeofsafetyaccident安全疏散Evacuation安全梯，防火應(yīng)急出口，安全出口fireescape安全危害因素Hazardouselements安全系數(shù)SafetyFactor安全系統(tǒng)工程SafetySystemEngineering安全銷(xiāo)Shearpin安全信息論Safetyinformationtheory安全驗(yàn)收評(píng)價(jià)SafetyAssessmentUponCompletion安全隱患potentialsafetyhazard安全預(yù)評(píng)價(jià)SafetyPreliminaryEvaluation安全閾值Safethresholdvalue保安礦柱Safetypillars保護(hù)裝置：Protectiondevices保險(xiǎn)裝置Physicalprotectiondevices報(bào)警設(shè)備Warningequipment爆破blasting爆破地震blastseism爆破片burstingdisc爆破有害效應(yīng)adverseeffectsofblasting爆破有害效應(yīng)intrinsicsafety不安全行為unsafeact抽出式通風(fēng)exhaustventilation防爆Explosion-proofing防爆電氣設(shè)備explosion-proofelectricalequipment防爆墻anti-explosionwall防塵工程Dustcontrolengineering防毒Anti-toxin防高溫Hightempratureprevention防護(hù)堤protectionembankment防護(hù)口罩Safetymask防護(hù)設(shè)備Safeguard輻射防護(hù)：Radiationprotection高溫作業(yè)Hotwork個(gè)體保護(hù)用品Individualprotectionarticles工程事故Engineeringaccidents工傷事故industialaccidents工業(yè)防塵：Industrialdustsuppression工業(yè)防毒：Industrialgasdefense工業(yè)通風(fēng)：Industrialventilation工業(yè)災(zāi)害控制：Controlofindustrialdisaster共同安全署(美國(guó))MutualSecurityAgency(U.S.)故障假設(shè)分析方法what?if,WI故障類(lèi)型和影響分析failuremodeeffectsanalysis，F(xiàn)MEA故障樹(shù)分析faulttreeanalysis，F(xiàn)TA鍋爐事故：Boilerbreakdowns核安全Nuclearsafety化工安全Chemicalengineeringsafety環(huán)保工程師EnvironmentalProtectionEngineer機(jī)械通風(fēng)mechanicalventilation極限載荷limitload監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)monitoringpoint交通安全教育TrafficSafetyEducation局部通風(fēng)localventilation可靠性分析reliabilityanalysis，RA礦井通風(fēng)mineventilation礦井通風(fēng)方式layoutofventilationshafts礦用安全型：Minepermissibletype勞動(dòng)保護(hù)Labourprotection臨界安全criticalsafety臨界量thresholdquantity漏風(fēng)airleakage起重安全Liftingsafety潛在危險(xiǎn)Potentialhazards缺水事故Waterdeficiencyemergence(oraccident)人機(jī)工程學(xué)ergonomics人機(jī)界面：human-machineinterface人失誤humanerror傷亡率Rateofcasualty傷亡事故Casualtyaccidents設(shè)備事故Equipmentaccident審查人員authorizedperson生態(tài)安全Ecologicalsafety事故處理Accidenthandling事故樹(shù)分析Accidenttreeanalysis事故致因理論：Accident-causingtheory事件樹(shù)分析EventTreeAnalysis通風(fēng)與空調(diào)工程Ventilationengineering&airconditioning危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)：Hazardidentific危險(xiǎn)和可操作性研究hazardandoperabilitystudyHAZOP危險(xiǎn)評(píng)估Riskassessment危險(xiǎn)源Dangeroussource危險(xiǎn)源辨識(shí)hazardidentification危險(xiǎn)源控制hazardcontrol危險(xiǎn)指數(shù)法riskrank，RR違章作業(yè)：Operationagainstrules溫度報(bào)警器：Temperaturealarm矽肺病silicosis系統(tǒng)安全分析Systemsafetyanalysis系統(tǒng)危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)systemriskassessment壓力容器pressurevessels易燃物品：Inflammablearticle應(yīng)急避難所emergencyshelter應(yīng)急對(duì)策：Emergencycountermeasures應(yīng)急預(yù)案emergencyplan有害作業(yè)：Harmfulwork職業(yè)安全衛(wèi)生Occupationalhealthandsafety職業(yè)安全衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Occupationalhealthandsafetystandards職業(yè)安全衛(wèi)生體系Occupationalhealthandsafetymanagementsystem職業(yè)危害Occupationalhazard重大事故majoraccident重大危險(xiǎn)源majorhazardinstallations注冊(cè)安全工程師CertifiedSafetyEngineer專(zhuān)項(xiàng)安全評(píng)價(jià)SafetySpecificEvaluation自然通風(fēng)naturalventilation阻燃劑flameretardant最佳起爆距離optimumburstrange作業(yè)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生Workenvironmenthygiene作業(yè)條件危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)法jobriskanalysis，LECUnit1safetymanagementsystemAccidentcausationAccidentcausationmodels事故致因理論Safetymanagement安全管理Physicalconditions物質(zhì)條件Machineguarding機(jī)械保護(hù)裝置House-keeping工作場(chǎng)所管理Topmanagement高層管理人員Humanerrors人因失誤Accident-pronenessmodels事故傾向模型MunitionsfactoryMunitionsfactory軍工廠Causalfactors起因Riskingtaking冒險(xiǎn)行為Corporateculture企業(yè)文化Lossprevention損失預(yù)防Processindustry制造工業(yè)Hazardcontrol危險(xiǎn)控制Intensivestudy廣泛研究Organizationalperformance企業(yè)績(jī)效Mutualtrust相互信任Safetyofficer安全官員Safetycommittee安全委員會(huì)Shop-floor生產(chǎn)區(qū)Unionizedcompany集團(tuán)公司Seniority資歷、工齡Localculture當(dāng)?shù)匚幕疉bsenteeismrate缺勤率Powerrelations權(quán)力關(guān)系Statusreview狀態(tài)審查L(zhǎng)ower-levelmanagement低層管理者Businessperformance組織績(jī)效Mostseniorexecutive高級(jí)主管Supervisorylevel監(jiān)督層Safetyprinciple安全規(guī)則Wall-board公告欄Implementplan執(zhí)行計(jì)劃Hazardidentification危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)Safetyperformance安全性能OnecomprehensivedefinitionforanorganizationalculturehasbeenpresentedbyScheinwhohassaidtheorganizationalcultureis“apatternofbasicassumptions-invented,discovered,ordevelopedbyagivengroupasitlearnstocopewithitsproblemsofexternaladaptationandinternalintegration-thathasworkedwellenoughtobeconsideredvalidand,therefore,tobetaughttonewmembersasthecorrectwaytoperceive,think,andfeelinrelationtothoseproblems”譯文：Schein給出了組織文化的廣泛定義，他認(rèn)為組織文化是由若干基本假設(shè)組成的一種模式，這些假設(shè)是由某個(gè)特定團(tuán)體在處理外部適應(yīng)問(wèn)題與內(nèi)部整合問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中發(fā)明、發(fā)現(xiàn)或完善的。由于以這種模式工作的有效性得到了認(rèn)可，因此將它作為一種正確的方法傳授給新成員，讓他們以此來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)、思考和解決問(wèn)題［指適應(yīng)外部與整合內(nèi)部的過(guò)程中的問(wèn)題］。Thesafetycultureofanorganizationistheproductofindividualandgroupvalues,attitudes,perceptions,competencies,andpatternsofbehaviorthatdeterminethecommitmentto,andthestyleandproficiencyof,anorganization’shealthandsafetymanagement.譯文：組織的安全文化由以下幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容組成：個(gè)人和群體的價(jià)值觀、態(tài)度、觀念、能力和行為方式。這種行為方式?jīng)Q定了個(gè)人或團(tuán)體對(duì)組織健康安全管理的責(zé)任，以及組織健康安全管理的形式和熟練程度。Unit2SystemSafetyEngineeringSystemsafetyengineering系統(tǒng)安全工程By-product附帶產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果Engineeringpractice工程實(shí)踐Safetyproblem安全問(wèn)題Acceleratingtechnology快速發(fā)展的技術(shù)Safetyeffort安全投入System’slifecycle系統(tǒng)的生命周期Systemeffectiveness系統(tǒng)有效性Logicalreasoning邏輯推理Potentialaccident潛在事故Accidentcause事故原因Logicalprogramming合理的規(guī)劃Systemhazard系統(tǒng)危害Safetyinput安全投入Inherentlysafesystem本質(zhì)安全系統(tǒng)Scheduledelays進(jìn)度拖延Conceptphase初步計(jì)劃階段Safetycriteria安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Governmentregulations政府管制Systemoperation系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行Systemanalysis系統(tǒng)分析Systemdesign系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)Aidin有助于Equipmentspecifications設(shè)備說(shuō)明Maintenanceplans維護(hù)計(jì)劃Safetyproblems安全問(wèn)題Developmentphase發(fā)展階段Operationphase運(yùn)行階段Performancereviews績(jī)效評(píng)估Disposalphase處理階段

Intuitiveprocess直覺(jué)過(guò)程Systemsafetyengineering系統(tǒng)安全工程By-product附帶產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果Engineeringpractice工程實(shí)踐Safetyproblem安全問(wèn)題Acceleratingtechnology快速發(fā)展的技術(shù)Safetyeffort安全投入System’slifecycle系統(tǒng)的生命周期Systemeffectiveness系統(tǒng)有效性Logicalreasoning邏輯推理Potentialaccident潛在事故Accidentcause事故原因Logicalprogramming合理的規(guī)劃Systemhazard系統(tǒng)危害Safetyinput安全投入Inherentlysafesystem本質(zhì)安全系統(tǒng)Scheduledelays進(jìn)度拖延Conceptphase初步計(jì)劃階段Safetycriteria安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Governmentregulations政府管制Systemoperation系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行Systemanalysis系統(tǒng)分析Systemdesign系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)Aidin有助于Equipmentspecifications設(shè)備說(shuō)明Maintenanceplans維護(hù)計(jì)劃Safetyproblems安全問(wèn)題Developmentphase發(fā)展階段Operationphase運(yùn)行階段Performancereviews績(jī)效評(píng)估Disposalphase處理階段Intuitiveprocess直覺(jué)過(guò)程Makedecisions做決定Hazardcontrol危險(xiǎn)控制Protectiveapparel防護(hù)服Engineeringsolutions工程方法/手段Protectivedevices保護(hù)裝置Warningdevices報(bào)警裝置Incorrectinterpretation誤解Hazardousmaterial危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)Workarealayout工業(yè)區(qū)布局Educationalsolutions教育方法/手段Trainingsessions培訓(xùn)會(huì)議Safetypromotionprograms安全促進(jìn)項(xiàng)目Administrativesolutions行政方法/手段Personnelselection人員選擇Safetyshoes安全鞋Safetybelt安全帶Safetyglasses防護(hù)眼鏡Accidentprevention事故預(yù)防Technicalsystem技術(shù)系統(tǒng)Responsibleofficial負(fù)責(zé)人譯文：危險(xiǎn)分析過(guò)程不是憑直覺(jué)就能完成的。對(duì)于一個(gè)有意義的分析，必須在有效的假設(shè)基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行合理的、準(zhǔn)確的描述。它的成功主要取決于進(jìn)行分析的人所具有的技能與知識(shí)。只要對(duì)被研究的系統(tǒng)和用于分析的技術(shù)有全面的了解，任何人都可以進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)分析。在實(shí)踐過(guò)程中，要想獲得全面而有價(jià)值的危險(xiǎn)信息，必須要一些具有不同知識(shí)背景的人共同努力才行。Systemsafetyengineeringisarelativelynewapproachtoaccidentprevention.Itsconceptsandtechniqueshaveevolvedfromeffortstoimprovethesafetyofthecomplextechnicalsystemsthatarecommonintodayssociety.Itisbasedontheideasthataccidentsresultfromanumberofinteractingcauseswithinasystem,andthateachcauseandinteractioncanbelogicallyidentified,evaluated,andcontrolled.Throughthelogicalapplicationofscientificandmanagementprinciplesoverthelifecycleofasystem,systemsafetyengineeringattemptstoachieveanoptimumdegreeofsafety.譯文：安全系統(tǒng)工程是一個(gè)相對(duì)較新的預(yù)防事故的方法。它的概念和相關(guān)技術(shù)是在人們提高當(dāng)今普遍存在的復(fù)雜技術(shù)系統(tǒng)安全性的各種努力過(guò)程中逐漸發(fā)展而來(lái)的。它基于這樣一個(gè)思想，即所有的事故都是系統(tǒng)內(nèi)大量相互作用的原因造成的，理論上，各種原因及相互作用都能被識(shí)別、評(píng)估，并得到控制。通過(guò)在系統(tǒng)的生命周期內(nèi)合理的應(yīng)用科學(xué)的管理原則，系統(tǒng)安全工程就有望獲得最佳的安全程度。Theeffortsnecessarytoachievethedesireddegreeofsafetyareusuallyorganizedintoformalprograms.Theobjectiveofsuchprogramsistoassurethatsystemhazardsareeliminatedorotherwisecontrolledasearlyinthelifecycleaspossible.Mostofthedetailworkinvolvedinasystemsafetyprogramisintheperformanceofhazardanalyses.Withtheinformationprovidedbyanalysis,responsibleofficialscandeterminethesafest,mostefficientmeansofcontrollingthehazardsidentified.譯文：要想獲得所期望的安全程度，所有必須做的工作都應(yīng)編制成正式的計(jì)劃。這些計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)就是確保系統(tǒng)里的危險(xiǎn)被消除，或者使危險(xiǎn)在系統(tǒng)生命周期內(nèi)盡早的得到控制。系統(tǒng)安全計(jì)劃中的大量具體工作在危險(xiǎn)分析的過(guò)程中得以執(zhí)行。通過(guò)分析提供的信息，負(fù)責(zé)人就能選擇最安全、最有效的方式來(lái)控制被識(shí)別出來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。Unit3TheergonomicsProcess肉組織或神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)引起的傷害或疾病Upperechelons上層、高層hourlyemployee鐘點(diǎn)工Jobsites工地ergonomicsprocess人機(jī)工程過(guò)程MSDs（areinjuriesandillnessesofthesafetissueandnervoussystemthataffectyourbodys:Muscles,Nerves,Tendons（經(jīng)脈），Ligaments（韌帶）,Joints）由肌

Ergonomicscommittee人機(jī)工程委員會(huì)Medicalmanagement醫(yī)療管理Musculoskeletalstressors肌肉骨骼緊張性刺激Ergonomicsinput人機(jī)工程投入Managementcommitment管理承諾/行為Manufacturingengineers制造業(yè)工程師Plantmanager工廠經(jīng)理Processengineer生產(chǎn)工程師Humanresourcemanager人力資源經(jīng)理Safetymanager安全經(jīng)理Sub-committee分委員會(huì)Overseeingbody監(jiān)督主體lowbackdisorder腰部疾病Activeandpassivesurveillance主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)監(jiān)督Jobstressors工作壓力源Follow-up后續(xù)工作Ergonomicsawareness人機(jī)工程意識(shí)Followsthrough實(shí)現(xiàn)，把,，進(jìn)行到底Chainofcommand指揮鏈Hitlist黑名單Youmustassesstheoutcomeofthehazardidentificationprocessanddetermineifimmediateactionisnecessaryorif,infact,thereisanactualhazardinvolved.WhenyoudonoOnecomprehensivedefinitionforanorganizationalculturehasbeenpresentedbyScheinwhohassaidtheorganizationalcultureis“apattern肉組織或神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)引起的傷害或疾病Upperechelons上層、高層hourlyemployee鐘點(diǎn)工Jobsites工地Ergonomicscommittee人機(jī)工程委員會(huì)Medicalmanagement醫(yī)療管理Musculoskeletalstressors肌肉骨骼緊張性刺激Ergonomicsinput人機(jī)工程投入Managementcommitment管理承諾/行為Manufacturingengineers制造業(yè)工程師Plantmanager工廠經(jīng)理Processengineer生產(chǎn)工程師Humanresourcemanager人力資源經(jīng)理Safetymanager安全經(jīng)理Sub-committee分委員會(huì)Overseeingbody監(jiān)督主體lowbackdisorder腰部疾病Activeandpassivesurveillance主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)監(jiān)督Jobstressors工作壓力源Follow-up后續(xù)工作Ergonomicsawareness人機(jī)工程意識(shí)Followsthrough實(shí)現(xiàn)，把,，進(jìn)行到底Chainofcommand指揮鏈Hitlist黑名單Thesafetycultureofanorganizationistheproductofindividualandgroupvalues,attitudes,perceptions,competencies,andpatternsofbehaviorthatdeterminethecommitmentto,andthestyleandproficiencyof,anorganization’shealthandsafetymanagement.譯文：組織的安全文化由以下幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容組成：個(gè)人和群體的價(jià)值觀、態(tài)度、觀念、能力和行為方式。這種行為方式?jīng)Q定了個(gè)人或團(tuán)體對(duì)組織健康安全管理的責(zé)任，以及組織健康安全管理的形式和熟練程度。HazardanalysiYoumustassesstheoutcomeofthehazardidentificationprocessanddetermineifimmediateactionisnecessaryorif,infact,thereisanactualhazardinvolved.WhenyoudonoOnecomprehensivedefinitionforanorganizationalculturehasbeenpresentedbyScheinwhohassaidtheorganizationalcultureis“apatternofbasicassumptions-invented,discovered,ordevelopedbyagivengroupasitlearnstocopewithitsproblemsofexternaladaptationandinternalintegration-thathasworkedwellenoughtobeconsideredvalidand,therefore,tobetaughttonewmembersasthecorrectwaytoperceive,think,andfeelinrelationtothoseproblem”譯文：Schein給出了組織文化的廣泛定義，他認(rèn)為組織文化是由若干基本假設(shè)組成的一種模式，這些假設(shè)是由某個(gè)特定團(tuán)體在處理外部適應(yīng)問(wèn)題與內(nèi)部整合問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中發(fā)明、發(fā)現(xiàn)或完善的。由于以這種模式工作的有效性得到了認(rèn)可，因此將它作為一種正確的方法傳授給新成員，讓他們以此來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)、思考和解決問(wèn)題［指適應(yīng)外部與整合內(nèi)部的過(guò)程中的問(wèn)題］。Thesafetycultureofanorganizationistheproductofindividualandgroupvalues,attitudes,perceptions,competencies,andpatternsofbehaviorthatdeterminethecommitmentto,andthestyleandproficiencyof,anorganization’shealthandsafetymanagement.譯文：組織的安全文化由以下幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容組成：個(gè)人和群體的價(jià)值觀、態(tài)度、觀念、能力和行為方式。這種行為方式?jīng)Q定了個(gè)人或團(tuán)體對(duì)組織健康安全管理的責(zé)任，以及組sisnotanintuitiveprocess.Forananalysistobemeaningful,itmustbelogical,accurate,descriptiveofthesystem,andbasedonvalidassumptions.Itssuccesslargelydependsontheskillandknowledgeofthoseconductingtheanalysis.Anyonewhohasathorough,workingknowledgeofboththesystemunderconsiderationandtheanalysistechniquetobeusedmayperformahazardanalysis.Inpractice,theeffortsofseveralpersonswithvaryingbackgroundsareusuallyrequiredtoassurethatmeaningfulandcomprehensivehazardinformationisobtained.譯文：危險(xiǎn)分析過(guò)程不是憑直覺(jué)就能完成的。對(duì)于一個(gè)有意義的分析，必須在有效的假設(shè)基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行合理的、準(zhǔn)確的描述。它的成功主要取決于進(jìn)行分析的人所具有的技能與知識(shí)。只要對(duì)被研究的系統(tǒng)和用于分析的技術(shù)有全面的了解，任何人都可以進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)分析。在實(shí)踐過(guò)程中，要想獲得全面而有價(jià)值的危險(xiǎn)信息，必須要一些具有不同知識(shí)背景的人共同努力才行。Systemsafetyengineeringisarelativelynewapproachtoaccidentprevention.Itsconceptsandtechniqueshaveevolvedfromeffortstoimprovethesafetyofthecomplextechnicalsystemsthatarecommonintoday’ssociety.Itisbasedontheideasthataccidentsresultfromanumberofinteractingcauseswithinasystem,andthateachcauseandinteractioncanbelogicallyidentified,evaluated,andcontrolled.Throughthelogicalapplicationofscientificandmanagementprinciplesoverthelifecycleofasystem,systemsafetyengineeringattemptstoachieveanoptimumdegreeofsafety.譯文：安全系統(tǒng)工程是一個(gè)相對(duì)較新的預(yù)防事故的方法。它的概念和相關(guān)技術(shù)是在人們提高當(dāng)今普遍存在的復(fù)雜技術(shù)系統(tǒng)安全性的各種努力過(guò)程中逐漸發(fā)展而來(lái)的。它基于這樣一個(gè)思想，即所有的事故都是系統(tǒng)內(nèi)大量相互作用的原因造成的，理論上，各種原因及相互作用都能被識(shí)別、評(píng)估，并得到控制。通過(guò)在系統(tǒng)的生命周期內(nèi)合理的應(yīng)用科學(xué)的管理原則，系統(tǒng)安全工程就有望獲得最佳的安全程度。Theeffortsnecessarytoachievethedesireddegreeofsafetyareusuallyorganizedintoformalprograms.Theobjectiveofsuchprogramsistoassurethatsystemhazardsareeliminatedorotherwisecontrolledasearlyinthelifecycleaspossible.Mostofthedetailworkinvolvedinasystemsafetyprogramisintheperformanceofhazardanalyses.Withtheinformationprovidedbyanalysis,responsibleofficialscandeterminethesafest,mostefficientmeansofcontrollingthehazardsidentified.譯文：要想獲得所期望的安全程度，所有必須做的工作都應(yīng)編制成正式的計(jì)劃。這些計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)就是確保系統(tǒng)里的危險(xiǎn)被消除，或者使危險(xiǎn)在系統(tǒng)生命周期內(nèi)盡早的得到控制。系統(tǒng)安全計(jì)劃中的大量具體工作在危險(xiǎn)分析的過(guò)程中得以執(zhí)行。通過(guò)分析提供的信息，負(fù)責(zé)人就能選擇最安全、最有效的方式來(lái)控制被識(shí)別出來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。Youmustassesstheoutcomeofthehazardidentificationprocessanddetermineifimmediateactionisnecessaryorif,infact,thereisanactualhazardinvolved.Whenyoudonotviewareportedhazardasanactualhazard,itiscriticaltotheongoingprocesstoinformtheworkerthatyoudonotviewitasatruehazardandexplainwhy.Thiswillinsurethecontinuedcooperationofworkersinhazardidentification.你必須對(duì)危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)過(guò)程中得到的結(jié)果進(jìn)行評(píng)估，并決定在實(shí)際危險(xiǎn)存在時(shí)是否需要立刻采取措施。當(dāng)你不把一個(gè)已被報(bào)告的危險(xiǎn)當(dāng)做一個(gè)實(shí)際存在的危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，你必須在工作過(guò)程中告訴工人你沒(méi)把這個(gè)被報(bào)告的危險(xiǎn)當(dāng)做一個(gè)真正的危險(xiǎn)，并解釋原因。這將確保工人們?cè)谖ｋU(xiǎn)識(shí)別過(guò)程中進(jìn)行持續(xù)合作。Thisapproachtohazardidentificationdoesnotrequirethatsomeonewithspecialtrainingconductit.Itcanusuallybeaccomplishedbytheuseofashortfill-in-the-blankquestionnaire.Thishazardidentificationtechniqueworkswellwheremanagementisopenandgenuinelyconcernedaboutthesafetyandhealthofitsworkforce.Themosttime-consumingportionofthisprocessisanalyzingtheassessmentandresponseregardingpotentialhazardsidentified.Empoweringworkerstoidentifyhazards,makerecommendationsonabatementofthehazards,andthensuggesthowmanagementcanrespondtothesepotentialhazardsisessential.這種危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)的方法不需要經(jīng)過(guò)特需訓(xùn)練的人來(lái)執(zhí)行。通常經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查就能完成。在一些管理比較開(kāi)放、真心關(guān)心工人安全和健康的地方，這種危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)方法能起到很好的作用。這個(gè)過(guò)程中最耗時(shí)的部分就是對(duì)識(shí)別的潛在的危險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行分析評(píng)估和反饋。賦予工人識(shí)別危險(xiǎn)、對(duì)減小危險(xiǎn)提出建議并提出如何對(duì)這些潛在的危險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行管理的權(quán)利是必須的。Conversely,analternativeparticipativemodelof“managementsystems”canbetracedtosocio-technicalsystemstheory,whichemphasisesorganisationalinterventionsbasedonanalysisoftheinter-relationshipsoftechnology,environment,theorientationofparticipants,andorganisationalstructure.相反，一個(gè)可選擇來(lái)使用的“管理系統(tǒng)”模型可以追溯到社會(huì)-技術(shù)系統(tǒng)理論，該理論強(qiáng)調(diào)組織干預(yù)，這種組織干預(yù)是建立在對(duì)技術(shù)、環(huán)境、參與者的定位及組織結(jié)構(gòu)之間的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上的。Sofar,wehaveshownthatOHSMScanvaryuponanumberofdimensionsrelatingtomethodofimplementation,systemcharacteristics,anddegreeofimplementation.SuchvarianceisimportantbecauseitaffectsevaluationandmeasurementofOHSMSperformance.Measuresappropriateforonedimensionofasystemwillbeirrelevanttoanother.EvaluationofOHSMSeffectivenessmayneedtotakeaccountofwhatsystemsareexpectedtodo.Aretheytomeetcomplexsystemorsimpledesignstandards?AretheyimplementedatthebehestofmanagementorexternalOHSauthorities?Areobjectivesthesimpleonessuchasreducingdirectlost-timeinjuriesordotheyincludesatisfyingmultiplestakeholders?Aretheyatanearlyorestablishedstageofdevelopment;andwhichofseveraldifferentconfigurationsofcontrolstrategyandmanagementstructure/styleisadopted?到目前為止，我們已經(jīng)表明OHSMS能呈現(xiàn)多樣性的特征，這些特征與執(zhí)行方法、系統(tǒng)特征和執(zhí)行程度相關(guān)。這種多樣性的變化非常重要，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)OHSMS性能的評(píng)價(jià)和測(cè)量有影響。對(duì)一個(gè)體系的某種特征適合的方法可能對(duì)另一個(gè)特征不合適。OHSMS有效性的評(píng)價(jià)需要考慮到底期望這個(gè)體系來(lái)干什么？它們滿(mǎn)足復(fù)雜的體系呢還是只是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？它們是不是在管理者或者外界OHS權(quán)威人士的要求下被執(zhí)行的？它們的目標(biāo)是這種簡(jiǎn)單的（比如減少直接的時(shí)間損失傷害）還是使多數(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)金管理機(jī)構(gòu)滿(mǎn)意？它們是在處于形成的早期還是在建立時(shí)期？采取哪一種不同控制策略的形態(tài)和管理結(jié)構(gòu)/形式？Industrialhygienehasbeendefinedas“thatscienceorartdevotedtotheanticipation,recognition,evaluation,andcontrolofthoseenvironmentalfactorsorstresses,arisinginorfromtheworkplace,whichmaycausesickness,impairedhealthandwell-being,orsignificantdiscomfortandinefficiencyamongworkersoramongthecitizensofthecommunity".工業(yè)衛(wèi)生被定義為：“致力于預(yù)測(cè)、識(shí)別、評(píng)估和控制環(huán)境因素或壓力的科學(xué)與技術(shù)，這些壓力產(chǎn)生或來(lái)自于工作場(chǎng)所，能夠造成疾病、損害人們的幸福安康、或使工人或社區(qū)居民的工作效率不高，并使他們感覺(jué)到很不舒服”。Noiseisaserioushazardwhenitresultsintemporaryorpermanenthearingloss,physicalormentaldisturbance,anyinterferencewithvoicecommunications,orthedisruptionofajob,rest,relaxation,orsleep.Noiseisanyundesiredsoundandisusuallyasoundthatbearsnoinformationwithvaryingintensity.Itinterfereswiththeperceptionofwantedsound,andislikelytobeharmful,causeannoyance,and/orinterferewithspeech.當(dāng)噪音導(dǎo)致暫時(shí)或永久的聽(tīng)力喪失，使身體或精神發(fā)生紊亂，對(duì)語(yǔ)言交流產(chǎn)生干擾，或?qū)ぷ?、休息、放松、睡覺(jué)產(chǎn)生干擾時(shí)，它是一種非常嚴(yán)重的危害。噪音是任何不被期望的聲音，它通常是一種強(qiáng)度變化但不包括任何信息的聲音。它干擾人們對(duì)正常聲音的辨別，可能是有害的，能使人煩惱，并（或）干擾人們說(shuō)話(huà)。Investigatorcollectsevidencefrommanysourcesduringaninvestigation,getsinformationfromwitnessesandobservationaswellasbyreports,interviewswitnessesassoonaspossibleafteranaccident,inspectstheaccidentsitebeforeanychangesoccur,takesphotographsandmakessketchesofaccidentscene,recordsallpertinentdataonmaps,andgetscopiesofallreports.Documentscontainingnormaloperatingproceduresflowdiagrams,maintenancechartsorreportsofdifficultiesorabnormalitiesareparticularlyuseful.Keepcompleteandaccuratenotesinaboundnotebook.Recordpre-accidentconditions,theaccidentsequenceandpost-accidentconditions.Inaddition,documentthelocationofvictims,witnesses,machinery,energysources,andhazardousmaterials.調(diào)查人員在調(diào)查過(guò)程中從各方面收集證據(jù)，從證人、旁觀者及一些相關(guān)報(bào)道中得到信息，在事故發(fā)生后盡快的找目擊證人談話(huà)，在事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)遭到改變前進(jìn)行檢查，對(duì)事故場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行拍照并繪制草圖，記錄與地形相關(guān)的所有數(shù)據(jù)，并將所有的報(bào)道復(fù)印保存。記錄常規(guī)的操作流程圖、維修圖表或?qū)щy、異?，F(xiàn)象的報(bào)告等非常有用。在活頁(yè)筆記本中完整準(zhǔn)確的記錄。記錄事故發(fā)生前的環(huán)境、事故順序及事故發(fā)生后的環(huán)境情況等。另外，記錄傷者、證人、機(jī)械、能量來(lái)源和危害物質(zhì)的位置。Lockout/tagoutkitsarealsoavailable.Alockout/tagoutkitcontainsitemsrequiredtocomplywiththeOSHAlockout/tagoutstandards.Lockout/tagoutkitscontainreusabledangertags,tagties,multiplelockouts,locks,magneticsigns,andinformationonlockout/tagoutprocedures.Besurethesourceofelectricityremainsopenordisconnectedwhenreturningtoworkwheneverleavingajobforanyreasonorwheneverthejobcannotbecompletedthesameday.上鎖/掛牌成套設(shè)備也是可用的。上鎖/掛牌套件中包含有必須滿(mǎn)足OSHA上鎖/掛牌標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的組件。上鎖/掛牌套件中包含有可重復(fù)使用的危險(xiǎn)標(biāo)簽、臨時(shí)懸掛標(biāo)志、各種閉鎖、鎖、磁性標(biāo)志、及與上鎖/掛牌相關(guān)的信息。無(wú)論什么原因停下工作或當(dāng)天不能完成工作時(shí)，在返回工作的時(shí)候都要確保電源保持?jǐn)嚅_(kāi)或非連接狀態(tài)。Manyconstructionworkersarekilledorseriouslyinjuredduringliftingoperationsbecauseofaccidentssuchas:cranesoverturning,materialfallingfromhoistsandginwheelscollapsing.Manymoresufferlong-terminjurybeca

usetheyregularlyliftorcarryitemswhichareheavyorawkwardtohandle,foeexample:liftingdenseconcreteblocks,paviourslayingslabsandlabourersliftingandcarryingbaggedproducts,suchascementandaggregates.很多建筑工人在起重操作過(guò)程中由于一些事（故如起重機(jī)翻倒、物體從吊重機(jī)上墜落、三腳起重機(jī)的輪子垮塌等）而喪命或嚴(yán)重受傷。更多的工人會(huì)因?yàn)榻?jīng)常舉起或搬運(yùn)一些笨重的物體（如：搬運(yùn)密實(shí)混泥土磚、鋪設(shè)工人鋪建混泥土路面、工人舉起或搬運(yùn)一些袋裝東西如水泥、塊狀物等）的時(shí)候而遭受長(zhǎng)期的傷痛。tviewareportedhazardasanactualhazard,itiscriticaltotheongoingprocesstoinformtheworkerthatyoudonotviewitasatruehazardandexplainwhy.Thiswillinsurethecontinuedcooperationofworkersinhazardidentification.Unit4HazardidentificationUnit4HazardidentificationIndustrialaccident工業(yè)事故Workprocedure工作/操作程序Walk-roundinspection巡視Overexertion用力過(guò)度Carpaltunnelsyndrome腕管綜合癥Extremetemperature極限溫度Worker-oriented以人為本的Mitigate減輕/緩和Abatement降低/消除Hazardidentification危險(xiǎn)識(shí)別Outcome后果Ongoingprocess正在進(jìn)行的過(guò)程Placeon重視Exposurelimit暴露極限Ventilationsystem通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)Budgetaryconstraint預(yù)算約束Jobsitesafetyinspection工作場(chǎng)所安全檢查Accidentinvestigation事故調(diào)查L(zhǎng)abormanagementcommittee勞動(dòng)管理委員會(huì)Accidentincidence事故發(fā)生率Severityrate嚴(yán)重事故率Thisapproachtohazardidentificationdoesnotrequirethatsomeonewithspecialtrainingconductit.Itcanusuallybeaccomplishedbytheuseofashortfill-in-the-blankquestionnaire.Thishazardidentificationtechniqueworkswellwheremanagementisopenandgenuinelyconcernedaboutthesafetyandhealthofitsworkforce.Themosttime-consumingportionofthisprocessisanalyzingtheassessmentandresponseregardingpotentialhazardsidentified.Empoweringworkerstoidentifyhazards,makerecommendationsonabatementofthehazards,andthensuggesthowmanagementcanrespondtothesepotentialhazardsisessential.這種危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)的方法不需要經(jīng)過(guò)特需訓(xùn)練的人來(lái)執(zhí)行。通常經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查就能完成。在一些管理比較開(kāi)放、真心關(guān)心工人安全和健康的地方，這種危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)方法能起到很好的作用。這個(gè)過(guò)程中最耗時(shí)的部分就是對(duì)識(shí)別的潛在的危險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行分析評(píng)估和反饋。賦予工人識(shí)別危險(xiǎn)、對(duì)減小危險(xiǎn)提出建議并提出如何對(duì)這些潛在的危險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行管理的權(quán)利是必須的。OHSMS職業(yè)健康安全管理體系Legacy遺產(chǎn)，留給后人的東西Inpractice在實(shí)踐中OHSMS職業(yè)健康安全管理體系Legacy遺產(chǎn)，留給后人的東西Inpractice在實(shí)踐中Allowfor考慮到Regulatorysystem監(jiān)管體系Reviewphase審查階段Specificobjective特殊目標(biāo)Correctiveaction糾正措施Becentralto極為重要Systematicapproach系統(tǒng)方法Systemiclinkage體系聯(lián)動(dòng)Inter-linked相互鏈接Feedbackloop反饋環(huán)Specificprogramelement詳細(xì)計(jì)劃M(mǎn)andatory強(qiáng)制的Arisefrom由。。。引起Strategicobjective戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)Commercialpressure商業(yè)壓力Principalcontractor總承包商Hybridmethod混合方法

Market-based基于市場(chǎng)的Formalisedprescription正式的法規(guī)/規(guī)定Mandatedprinciple明文規(guī)定的原則Stemfrom起源于，來(lái)自于Regulatoryframework規(guī)章制度EuropeanUnionFrameworkDirective歐盟框架指令A(yù)ll-encompassingapproach包羅萬(wàn)象的方法Sparingly少量的Homegrown國(guó)產(chǎn)的/自己制定ChamberofCommerceMarket-based基于市場(chǎng)的Formalisedprescription正式的法規(guī)/規(guī)定Mandatedprinciple明文規(guī)定的原則Stemfrom起源于，來(lái)自于Regulatoryframework規(guī)章制度EuropeanUnionFrameworkDirective歐盟框架指令A(yù)ll-encompassingapproach包羅萬(wàn)象的方法Sparingly少量的Homegrown國(guó)產(chǎn)的/自己制定ChamberofCommerceandIndustry工商會(huì)/工商聯(lián)Framing編制/制定Emergencyplanning應(yīng)急計(jì)劃Planningandaccountability計(jì)劃與職責(zé)Managerialistandparticipativemodels經(jīng)理主導(dǎo)模式Atthebehestof在。。。命令/要求下Setout闡述、陳列Conversely,analternativeparticipativemodelof“managementsystems”canbetracedtosocio-technicalsystemstheory,whichemphasisesorganisationalinterventionsbasedonanalysisoftheinter-relationshipsoftechnology,environment,theorientationofparticipants,andorganisationalstructure.相反，一個(gè)可選擇來(lái)使用的“管理系統(tǒng)”模型可以追溯到社會(huì)-技術(shù)系統(tǒng)理論，該理論強(qiáng)調(diào)組織干預(yù)，這種組織干預(yù)是建立在對(duì)技術(shù)、環(huán)境、參與者的定位及組織結(jié)構(gòu)之間的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上的。Sofar,wehaveshownthatOHSMScanvaryuponanumberofdimensionsrelatingtomethodofimplementation,systemcharacteristics,anddegreeofimplementation.SuchvarianceisimportantbecauseitaffectsevaluationandmeasurementofOHSMSperformance.Measuresappropriateforonedimensionofasystemwillbeirrelevanttoanother.EvaluationofOHSMSeffectivenessmayneedtotakeaccountofwhatsystemsareexpectedtodo.Aretheytomeetcomplexsystemorsimpledesignstandards?AretheyimplementedatthebehestofmanagementorexternalOHSauthorities?Areobjectivesthesimpleonessuchasreducingdirectlost-timeinjuriesordotheyincludesatisfyingmultiplestakeholders?Aretheyatanearlyorestablishedstageofdevelopment;andwhichofseveraldifferentconfigurationsofcontrolstrategyandmanagementstructure/styleisadopted?到目前為止，我們已經(jīng)表明OHSMS能呈現(xiàn)多樣性的特征，這些特征與執(zhí)行方法、系統(tǒng)特征和執(zhí)行程度相關(guān)。這種多樣性的變化非常重要，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)OHSMS性能的評(píng)價(jià)和測(cè)量有影響。對(duì)一個(gè)體系的某種特征適合的方法可能對(duì)另一個(gè)特征不合適。OHSMS有效性的評(píng)價(jià)需要考慮到底期望這個(gè)體系來(lái)干什么？它們滿(mǎn)足復(fù)雜的體系呢還是只是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？它們是不是在管理者或者外界OHS權(quán)威人士的要求下被執(zhí)行的？它們的目標(biāo)是這種簡(jiǎn)單的（比如減少直接的時(shí)間損失傷害）還是使多數(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)金管理機(jī)構(gòu)滿(mǎn)意？它們是在處于形成的早期還是在建立時(shí)期？采取哪一種不同控制策略的形態(tài)和管理結(jié)構(gòu)/形式？Industrialhygiene工業(yè)衛(wèi)生PhysicalhazardsIndustrialhygiene工業(yè)衛(wèi)生Physicalhazards物理危害、物質(zhì)危害Nonionizingradiation非電離輻射Adverseeffects副作用、壞的影響Loudnoise嘈雜的聲音Chemicalbum化學(xué)燒傷Liveelectricalcircuits帶電電路Confinedspace密閉空間Hearingloss聽(tīng)力喪失Physicalormentaldisturbance身體或精神障礙Annoyance煩惱Grinder砂輪機(jī)Powertools電動(dòng)工具Narrowbandnoise窄帶噪聲Impulse脈沖Soundlevelmeter噪聲計(jì)Thresholdofpain痛覺(jué)閾Jetengine噴氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Time-weightedaverage時(shí)間加權(quán)平均Snap捻手指的聲音Heatstress熱威脅、熱應(yīng)力Extremity四肢Shivering顫抖Hardlabor辛苦工作

Fatigued疲乏的Livingtissue活組織Plasticsealer塑料密封機(jī)BiologicalHazards生物危害Mold霉菌Potablewater飲用水Sewage污水Physicalcontact身體接觸Allergicreaction過(guò)敏反應(yīng)Insectscale介殼蟲(chóng)Severepain劇烈的疼痛Manualhandling手工處理Diskinjuries椎間盤(pán)傷害Airborne空中的Onadailybasis每天HazardCommunicationsStandard危害通識(shí)規(guī)定Stipulation規(guī)定、條款Tradename商標(biāo)名Hydrogencyanide氤化氫Chemicalasphyxiant化學(xué)窒息物質(zhì)Centralnervoussystem中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)Industrialhygienehasbeendefinedas“thatscienceorartdevotedtotheanticipation,recognition,evaluation,andcontrolofthoseenvironmentalfactorsorstresses,arisinginorfromtheFatigued疲乏的Livingtissue活組織Plasticsealer塑料密封機(jī)BiologicalHazards生物危害Mold霉菌Potablewater飲用水Sewage污水Physicalcontact身體接觸Allergicreaction過(guò)敏反應(yīng)Insectscale介殼蟲(chóng)Severepain劇烈的疼痛Noiseisaserioushazardwhenitresultsintemporaryorpermanenthearingloss,physicalormentaldisturbance,anyinterferencewithvoicecommunications,orthedisruptionofajob,rest,relaxation,orsleep.Noiseisanyundesiredsoundandisusuallyasoundthatbearsnoinformationwithvaryingintensity.Itinterfereswiththeperceptionofwantedsound,andislikelytobeharmful,causeannoyance,and/orinterferewithspeech.當(dāng)噪音導(dǎo)致暫時(shí)或永久的聽(tīng)力喪失，使身體或精神發(fā)生紊亂，對(duì)語(yǔ)言交流產(chǎn)生干擾，或?qū)ぷ鳌⑿菹ⅰ⒎潘?、睡覺(jué)產(chǎn)生干擾時(shí)，它是一種非常嚴(yán)重的危害。噪音是任何不被期望的聲音，它通常是一種強(qiáng)度變化但不包括任何信息的聲音。它干擾人們對(duì)正常聲音的辨別，可能是有害的，能使人煩惱，并（或）干擾人們說(shuō)話(huà)。Unit9AccidentInvestigationAccidentInvestigation事故調(diào)查Factfinding尋找事實(shí)After-the-fact事實(shí)背后的Operatingproceduresflowdiagrams操作過(guò)程流程Takeaninvestigation進(jìn)行調(diào)查圖Fact-findingprocess尋找事實(shí)的過(guò)程Maintenancechart維修圖表Insurancecarrier保險(xiǎn)公司/承保人Boundnotebook活頁(yè)筆記本Placeblame推卸責(zé)任Physicalorchemicallaw物理或化學(xué)定律Permanenttotaldisability永久全部勞動(dòng)力喪失Tableofcontents目錄Forsimplicity為簡(jiǎn)單起見(jiàn)Narrative敘事的Accidentprevention事故預(yù)防Counter-measure干預(yù)措施Investigativeprocedures調(diào)查過(guò)程Investigatorcollectsevidencefrommanysourcesduringaninvestigation,getsinformationfromwitnessesandobservationaswellasbyreports,interviewswitnessesassoonaspossibleafteranaccident,inspectstheaccidentsitebeforeanychangesoccur,takesphotographsandmakessketchesofaccidentscene,recordsallpertinentdataonmaps,andgetscopiesofallreports.Documentscontainingnormaloperatingproceduresflowdiagrams,maintenancechartsorreportsofdifficultiesorabnormalitiesareparticularlyuseful.Keepcompleteandaccuratenotesinaboundnotebook.Recordpre-accidentconditions,theaccidentsequenceandpost-accidentconditions.Inaddition,documentthelocationofvictims,witnesses,machinery,energysources,andhazardousmaterials.調(diào)查人員在調(diào)查過(guò)程中從各方面收集證據(jù)，從證人、旁觀者及一些相關(guān)報(bào)道中得到信息，在事故發(fā)生后盡快的找目擊證人談話(huà)，在事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)遭到改變前進(jìn)行檢查，對(duì)事故場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行拍照并繪制草圖，記錄與地形相關(guān)的所有數(shù)據(jù)，并將所有的報(bào)道復(fù)印保存。記錄常規(guī)的操作流程圖、維修圖表或?qū)щy、異?，F(xiàn)象的報(bào)告等非常

有用。在活頁(yè)筆記本中完整準(zhǔn)確的記錄。記錄事故發(fā)生前的環(huán)境、事故順序及事故發(fā)生后的環(huán)境情況等。另外，記錄傷者、證人、機(jī)械、能量來(lái)源和危害物質(zhì)的位置。Safetyelectricity安全用電Electricalequipment電力設(shè)備Fusepuller保險(xiǎn)絲夾Breakcontact斷開(kāi)接點(diǎn)/觸電Hotside高壓端Loadside負(fù)荷端Lineside線(xiàn)路/火線(xiàn)端Groundfaultcircuitinterrupt漏電保護(hù)器Groundfault接地故障Receptacle電源插座Hotbubs熱水澡桶Underwaterlighting水底照明Fountains人工噴泉Unit10SafetyElectricityTakechance冒險(xiǎn)Labored困難的Ventricularfibrillation心室顫動(dòng)Twitching顫搐Ventricle心室Artificialrespiration人工呼吸Cardio-pulmonaryresuscitation心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)Cardiacarrest心跳停止Heartstoppage心臟驟停Lockout上鎖Tagout掛牌Bypassing回避/繞過(guò)Jammed卡住的/堵塞的Ballvalves球形閥ANSI美國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)會(huì)Colorcoded色標(biāo)/彩色編碼Keyed鍵控制的Rust-resistant防銹的Shackle鐐銬/鉤鏈Kit成套設(shè)備/裝備Ungrounded(hot)conductor未接地(高壓)導(dǎo)體/火線(xiàn)Neutralconductor中性導(dǎo)體Faultcurrent故障電流Loadcenter載荷中心Panelboard配電板Branch-circuit分支