中考英語復習賓語從句講解

語法賓語從句講解小口訣:賓語從句三注意，時態(tài)語序引導詞;主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不需受限制;主句一般過去時，從句須用相應時;陳述轉化that引，一般疑問用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導詞后陳述式。一.基本講解來源:直接引語變間接引語概念:在句中擔當賓語的從句叫賓語從句，可做V謂/介詞短語的賓語。Eg:Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing"一Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動詞賓語)MissZhangisangry.atwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語)1.引導詞1)that引導賓語從句時，通常用陳述句充當，that可省略。一Eg:Shesaid,“Iwanttogothere"Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere.Theyallknow(that)Jimisgoodatskating.(2)whether或if引導的賓語從句，由一般疑問句/選擇疑問句充當，陳述語序。Eg:“Areyouinterestedingeography?"shesaid.Sheaskedif/whether!wasinterestedingeography,Iwonderif/whethershehastoldthenewtoLiLei.I'mnotsurewhetherhewillcomeornot.注意:-般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外a.介詞短語后只用whether不用ifeg:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepanic.b.引導詞與動詞不定式或ornot連用時，只用whether.eg:Icantsaywhetherornothewillcomeontimec.if當如果講時，引導的是條件狀語從句，表示‘如果'，不能用whether.Eg:Ifyouwanttobeagoodteacher,itwilltaketimes.Whetheryoucansucceeddependsonhowmucheffortyoupay.b引導詞與動詞不定式或ornot連用時，只用whether(3).特殊疑問詞引導賓語從句時，不可省略，陳述句語序。特殊疑問詞為:how，when,where,why，whichwhose.What引導賓從時做主語或賓語或表語等。'Whatdoyouwant?Heasked.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.|havenoideawhereheisnow.Idon'tknowhowtodealwithit.Heaskedwhosehandwritingisthebestintheclass.對比下列句子，看what做什么成分:Heaskedwhatwasthewrong/matterwithme.(what做主語)Hedoesn'tknowwhattodonow(做賓語)Heaskedmewhohewas.(who做表語)Heaskedwhatwasthewrong/matterwithme.(what做主語)Hedoesn'tknowwhattodonow(做賓語)Heaskedmewhohewas.(who做表語)2.賓語從句時態(tài)a.主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不受主句的限制eg:Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?Iamsorrytohearthatyourfatherisill.ShesayssheisgoingtogotoBeijingnextweek.Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.b.當主句是一般過去時，從句用過去的相應某種時態(tài)Shedidn'tknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(過去一般)|didn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.(過去完成)|wonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.(過去將來)注意:當主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學原理，格言等，從句仍然要用-般現(xiàn)在時。例如:Eg:Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)Theteachertoldus(seeingisbelieving.)3.語序:陳述語序，主+謂+其他*whenwillyouleaveforBeijing?(Couldyoupleasetellme)CouldyoupleasetellmewhenyouwillleaveforBeijing?*Hassheseenthemovie(Heasked.)Heaskedifshehadseenthemovie.*Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?注意：如果賓語從句是表示客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時，用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.（一般現(xiàn)在時）我們的老師告訴我們太陽比地球大多了。4.賓語從句的否定轉移主句如果是Ithink/believe/imagine/suppose/guess/expect等，從句的否定一般要轉移到主句中，其反意疑問句與從句一致。例如：Idon’tthinkthey’llwaittothelastminute，willthey？我認為他們不會等到最后一分鐘，他們會嗎？Idon’tbelievehedidthis,didhe?我相信他不會做這樣的事，他會嗎？1.—Doyouknow_________themeeting?—Tomorrowmorning.

A.whentheyhad

B.whentheyaregoingtohave

C.whendidtheyhave

D.whenaretheygoingtohave2.—Mr.Green,doyouknow_______?—July10,itwilllastamonth.A.whenoursummercampbeginsB.whendoesoursummercampbeginC.whereoursummercampbeginsD.wheredoesoursummercampbegin3.Ididn’tknow______.A.whenwouldthetrainarrive B.wherecouldIgetthebookC.whathasbeendone D.wholeftthemessage4.—Couldyoutellme _________?—Certainly.Inhalfanhour.A.whenwillthehighspeedtrainarriveB.whenthehighspeedtrainwillarriveC.whenwouldthehighspeedtrainarriveD.whenthehighspeedtrainwouldarrive5.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______togettothepostoffice?—Certainly.TheNo.15bus.A.whichbusIshouldtakeB.IshouldtakewhichbusC.shouldItakewhichbusD.whichbusshouldItake6.Ithink_____notdifficult_____Englisheverymorning．A.that;keepreading B．it’s;keepreadingC.that;tokeepreading D．it;tokeepreading7.Doyouknow_________Zunyiornottomorrow?A.whetheraretheyleavingforB.whethertheyareleavingforC.iftheyareleavingforD.ifaretheyleavingfor8.Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboy______. A．wheredidhelive B．wherehelived C．wherehelives D．wheredoeshelives 9.—Showmethemap,please.Iwonder____________.—Look,it'shere,intheeastofChina,nearTaiwanProvince.A.whereisDiaoyuIslandB.whereDiaoyuIslandisC.whatisDiaoyuIslandlike10.—Couldyoutellme_____hecamehere?—Hed