2023屆新高考英語第一輪復(fù)習模擬調(diào)研金考卷四

2023屆新高考英語模擬調(diào)研金考卷四解析版第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.LookingafterDad. B.Buyingajacket. C.Holdingaparty.2.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Thehouseowner. B.Therepairman. C.Thetutor.3.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hebreaksadrum. B.Hefeelsunwell. C.Heforgetstotakehismedicine.4.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Finishedreadingabook. B.Haddinnerwiththewoman. C.Gaveaspeech.5.Howwouldthewomanliketogohome?A.Bybus. B.Bysubway. C.Bytaxi.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomangainweight?A.Sheeatstoomuch. B.Shefeelsstressed. C.Sheisattheageofgettingfat.7.Whatwillthemandotoloseweight?A.Gotoayogaclass. B.Joinajoggingclub. C.Gorunningeveryday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Gobackhomeearly. B.Gotoaparty. C.TalktoMom.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermother?[A.Kind. B.Strict. C.Open-minded.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inastore. B.Inapostoffice. C.Athome.11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthedelivery?A.Forfree. B.15yuan. C.20yuan.12.Whenwillthemangethisdelivery?A.Today. B.Tomorrow. C.Thedayaftertomorrow.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Friends. C.Colleagues.14.Whatdessertwillbepreparedtomorrow?A.Fruits. B.Strawberrypie. C.Chocolatecake.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.16.Whatwillthemandoafterlunchtomorrow?A.Watchafootballgame. B.Sendchildrentoschool. C.Takeashower.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.AtwhatagedidDessiSieburthstartlovingbirds?A.6. B.8. C.14.18.WhydoesDessimakeboxesforbluebirds?A.Theyareeverywhereinhishometown.B.Theyareeasytotrack.C.Theylosetheirnestplaces.19.What’sthefunctionofDessi’swebsite?A.Todoresearches. B.Toteachpeopleaboutbirds.C.Toraisemoneyforbirds.20.WhatdidDessidoinAlaskarecently?A.Heinterviewedbiologists. B.Heboughtsomegoldthere.C.Hestudiedonatypeofeagle.1-5BABAC6-10BCABA11-15ACACA16-20BBCBCText1M:WhatcolordoyouthinkisfitforDad?W:Ofcoursedeepblue.Howabouthavingabigbirthdaypartyforhimthisweekend?M:Goodidea.I’llpayforthejacketfirst.Text2W:Mr.Smith,Ifeelthelightinmyroomisturningdark.Couldyouasksomeonecometofixit?M:Noproblem,butyourrentdoesn’tincludethesefees.Youneedtopayitbyyourself.Text3M:Myheartbeatslikeadrum.Couldyoupleasecallthe911?W:OK.Doyoubringthemedicine?M:It’smyfirsttimefeelinglikethis,andIdon’ttakeanymedicine.Text4M:IhavefinishedreadingJean-Christopheyesterday.W:Ijustrecommendedittoyouyesterday.Youwon’tgetanythingfromit,ifyoureadwithoutreflecting.It’slikeeatingwithoutdigesting.Text5W:Thenextbusiscomingin15minutes.M:Let’stakethesubway.Thoughitneeds20-minute-walktogettothestation,itsavestimeintotal.W:Idon’twanttowalk.Takingataxihomeismychoice.Text6W:Iwanttoloseweight!Ididn’teatmuchinthiswinter,butIhavebeenoverweight.Maybeit’sbecauseofthepressureofwork.M:Ithinkformeit’sbecauseoftheage.W:Ihaveayogaclasstomorrow.Doyouwanttocomewithme?M:No,it’stooexpensive.I’vedecidedtotakesomeexercisesonmyown.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:Iplantorunaroundthetrackeveryday.InthemorningIrunforanhour,andintheafternoonIrunforanhour.W:Itsoundsgood.Text7M:Hello,Julia,Iknowapartywillbeginatmidnight.Wouldyoulovetogo?W:I’dloveto,butmymotherhasaskedmetogohomebeforeeighttonight.M:Whatapity!Thepartyisveryinteresting.Couldyouhaveatalkwithher?W:No.Ihavenochoice.Mymotherisalwaysverystrictwithme.M:Iknowyourmomisconcernedaboutyoursafety,butshe’sanopen-mindedmom.I’msureshe’llunderstand.W:No,Idon’tthinkso.Text8M:Okay,I’lltakeit.Bytheway,doyouprovidedeliveryservice?W:Yes,wedo.Youdon’tneedtocarrythefurniturehome.M:Doyouchargefordelivery?W:Normallyit’s20yuan.Butsinceyouhavespentover1,500yuan,wewilldeliverthefurnitureforyouforfree.M:Verygood.Couldyoudeliverittothisaddress?W:Sure,pleasewritedownyournameandyourphonenumber.M:OK.Canyoutellmethedeliverytime?Willyousenditthisafternoon?W:No,butnolaterthantomorrow.M:Well,couldyousenditthedayaftertomorrow?I’mnotathometomorrow.W:Noproblem.Text9W:DoyourememberthatJasonandhiswifearecomingfordinnertomorrownight?M:Oh,Ialmostforgotit.Atwhattime?W:Seveno’clock.M:Iguessweshouldexpectthemaround8:00then,eh?W:Theyarealwayslate.Haha.M:So,whatareyoumaking?W:IthoughtI’dmakesaladandbeefandthenchocolatecakefordessert.M:Yum.Chocolatecakesoundsgood.W:Thatremindsme.Wehavetogotothestoretomorrowmorningtopickupsomegroceries.M:Whatabouttomorrowafternoon?W:Well,that’sSaturdayafternoon.I’mgoingtoababyshowerforPauline.Anddon’tforgetourboyshaveasoccergame.You’llhavetosendthemtoschoolafterlunch.M:What?Iwassupposedtowatchabaseballgameat12:30withmyfriends.W:Sorry,Doug.Ihavetogototheshower,soIcan’ttakethem.Doyouwantthemtomisstheirgame?M:Alright.I’lltakethem.IguessIcanrecordthegame.W:Good.Text10M:Hello,everyone.Today’sguestisjust14yearsold,andheisprotectingbirdsaroundtheworld.HisnameisDessiSieburth.Hisloveofbirdsstartedwhenhemadehisfirstbirdfeederaboutsixyearsago.Now,hehashisowngroupcalled“ProtectingOurBirds”.Hehasbeenmakingwesternbluebirdboxesforaboutfouryears.Dessihangsthemupintreesandtakesthemdowneveryweekandlooksatthemtoseeifthebluebirdsarenesting.Hedoesthateveryyearduringthesummer.Hechoosesthebluebirdbecausetheynestindeadtrees,butalotofdeadtreesarebeingcutdown.Dessimakestheseboxestotaketheplaceofthetrees.Hedoesresearchaboutbirds,runsawebsitetoteachpeopleaboutbirdsandhowtohelpthem,andbuildsboxesforbirds.Dessihasinterviewedbiologists,writtenalotofarticlesonbirdsforlocalnewspaper.Dessialsorecentlyspent10daysinAlaskawithhisfamilywherehedidresearchongoldeneaglesinDenali第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMotoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?Hereare3storiestohelpmakeyourowndecision.HenryFordbuilttheQuadricycleIn1896,thegreatinventiveengineerHenryFordfinishedbuildinghisfirstcar,calledtheQuadricycle,inasmallshedbehindhishouse.Hebecameoneoftheworld’smostsuccessfulbusinessmenlater—butthistimehehadbadlymiscalculated.ThecompletedQuadricyclewouldn’tfitoutthroughthedoor.He’dbuiltitbiggerthanthewidthofthedoor.Henryhadtouseanaxetochopoutthedoorframetomaketheopeningwider.Thenhecouldultimatelygethispioneeringcreationoutforitsfirstdrive.ItisnowanexhibitinHenryNoelGallagherforgotbuyingacarMillionairerockstarNoelGallagherforgothe’dboughtabrand—newclassiccarfor￡110,000.TheformerguitaristwaspuzzledwhenaJaguarMarkⅡarrivedathishouseonadeliverytruck.Itturnedouthehadorderedittwoyearspreviously.Atthetimeheorderedithehadhopedtolearntodrive—butnevergotroundit.Heforgotthewholething,andthecarstillsitsunusedinhisgarage.MariaMugnomadehercarhairyAccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecordstheworld’shairiestcarisaFiat50ownedbyMariaMugnoofSalernoinItaly.TheItalianhairdresserhasspenthundredsofhoursimportingbagsofhumanhairfromIndia,becausesheclaimsthehairisstronger.Shethensticksthelocksontoeverysurfaceofthecar,insideandout.HerfurryFiatisstillroad-illegalhowever.21.WhatisthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsaccordingtoSimon?A.Thedrivers. B.Theprice. C.Thespeed. D.Theappearance.22.Whatdothethreecarshaveincommon?A.TheyareGuinnessrecordholders. B.Theyareinventedbytheirowners.C.Theyarenotpermittedtogoonroad. D.Theyarenotinuseforcertainreasons.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anengineeringtextbook. B.Acaradvertisement.C.Anautomobilemagazine. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。汽車作家SimonHeptinstall曾經(jīng)說過，關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情根本不是汽車本身。文章介紹了三個有趣的司機故事。21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“Motoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?”(汽車作家SimonHeptinstall曾經(jīng)說過，關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情根本不是汽車本身。司機的故事真的比他們的汽車更精彩嗎？)可知，西蒙認為關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情是司機。故選A。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ItisnowanexhibitinHenryFordMuseum.”(它現(xiàn)在在亨利·福特博物館展出。)，第三段最后一句“Heforgotthewholething,andthecarstillsitsunusedinhisgarage.”(他把整件事都忘得一干二凈，那輛車仍然閑置在他的車庫里。)和最后一段最后一句“HerfurryFiatisstillroad-illegalhowever.”(然而，她毛茸茸的菲亞特仍然是違法的。)可知，這三輛車的共同之處是它們都由于某些原因沒有被使用。故選D。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Motoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?Hereare3storiestohelpmakeyourowndecision.”(汽車作家SimonHeptinstall曾經(jīng)說過，關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情根本不是汽車本身。司機的故事真的比他們的汽車更精彩嗎？這里有三個故事可以幫助你做出自己的決定。)可知，文章講了三個有趣的司機故事，所以文章有可能來自一本汽車雜志。故選C。BKieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.Hehadseenpeopledonatetheirhairtochildrenwhohadlosttheirsduringmedicaltreatmentandwantedtodosame.“Kieranhasalwaysbeenknownforhishair.Itwasabigpartofhispersonalityandwhohewas,”saidhismother,KellyMoise.“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.”InMay,Moisegraduatedfromhighschoolwithanimpressive19-inchAfro(非洲發(fā)式).ButwithhimsettoentertheU.S.AirForceAcademy,itwasfinallytimeforthebigcut.Tomaximizehisimpact,MoiseorganizedaliveeventatalocalbreweryinHuntsvilleandanonlinefundraisingcampaigncalled“Kieran’sCurlsforCancer”,whereheaimedtoraise$1,000perinchcut.OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.Bytheendoftheday,theeventraised$20,000forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandhascontinuedtoraisemoneyonline.AsofSaturday,itwasmorethan$39,000.“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause,”RichardC.ShadyacJr.,PresidentandCEOforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,toldCNN,“Kieran’ssimpleactofkindnessexemplifies(例證)thepowerofyoungergenerationsandissomethingtocelebrate,aselflessdecisionthatwillmakeadirectimpactonthelivesofthekidsatSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandchildreneverywhereforyearstocome.”24.WhatcontributedtoKieranMoise’sstartinggrowingouthishair?A.Hishigh-qualityfinehair. B.Thedeathofoneofhisfriends.C.Hiswitnessofchildren’spain D.Theencouragementfromhismother25.WhydoesKieranMoise’smothermentionhischildhood?A.Tointroducehiskinddeedsinthepast. B.ToprovehisuniquepersonalityC.Topraisehimforhiscontributions D.Toshowthatheiskindfromanearlyage26.What’smainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Kieran’skindnessbenefitedhimself B.Kieran’slovewillberichlyrewardedC.Kieran’sdeedswillinspiremorekindness D.Kieran’sbehaviorshowedanewformofcharity27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKieranMoise?A.Kind-heartedandcreative B.Kind-naturedandtolerantC.Good-naturedandambitious. D.Good-temperedandconsiderate【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了KieranMoise留長自己的頭發(fā)捐給需要的人，他的慈善行為激發(fā)了其他人的更多慈善行為。24.細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“KieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.(18歲的KieranMoise在八年級時，失去一位因腦癌去世的朋友，后來開始留頭發(fā)。)”可知導(dǎo)致KieranMoise開始長出頭發(fā)是因為他的一個朋友的死，故選B。25.細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和愛心的人。從他6歲起，他就有了籌集資金并將其送給需要的人的想法，這一點從未改變)”可知KieranMoise的母親提到他的童年是為了表明他從小就很善良，故選D。26.主旨大意題。文章最后一段講到“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause(慈善捐贈有多種形式，從直接的慈善行為到有影響力的公開聲明，激勵其他人一起支持一項事業(yè))”可知最后一段主要講KieranMoise的事跡將激發(fā)更多的善意，故選C。27.推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和愛心的人。從他6歲起，他就有了籌集資金并將其送給需要的人的想法，這一點從未改變)”可知KieranMoise是心地善良的。文章倒數(shù)第三段講到“OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.(5月29日，近100人參加了這場活動，他們觀看了莫伊絲的編發(fā)和剪發(fā)。他的頭發(fā)捐贈給了密歇根州的非營利組織“脫發(fā)兒童”，該組織為面臨醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)脫發(fā)的兒童和年輕人提供免費假發(fā)。)”可知KieranMoise是富有創(chuàng)造力?？芍狵ieranMoise是心地善良并且富有創(chuàng)造力的，故選A。CThegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.Thebusinessmodeloffastfashionhasledtoanenormousincreaseintheamountsofclothesthatareproduced,sold,andthrown.AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.Someofthoseneverevenreachtheconsumers;itcausedaminorangerwhenin2018aluxurybrandadmittedtoburningclothesjusttoprotectthebrand.Yet,withclothesbeingsocheap,peopledonotwearatleast50percentoftheirwardrobes,accordingtothisstudy.Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.Waterusageforgrowingcottonhasledtohugelackofwater,andcoloringandtreatmentofgarmentsmakeup17%—20%ofallindustrialwaterpollution.Anindustrythatmakesbillionsontheuseoftheplanetdoesnotsuddenlybecomemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)whentheystartusingorganiccotton,orstartburningtheirunsoldgoods(remember—peopleworkedreallyhardforverylittlemoneyonthoseclothes!)asagreenfuel…28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Toxic”meaninparagraph1?A.Colorful. B.Enormous. C.Beneficial. D.Poisonous.29.Whydopeoplethrowsomanyclothesaway?A.Thenewmodelclothingchangetooslowly.B.Someluxuryclothesarecheap.C.Therearemorenewclotheseveryyear.D.Theywanttomakefulluseofgreenfuel.30.Whatmaygarmentwasteinfluenceleast?A.Fishing. B.Climate. C.Transport. D.Agriculture.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Clothingwaste. B.Sourcesofpollution.C.Thegarmentindustry. D.Effectsofenvironmentalpollution.【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了一種新型的浪費形式——服裝浪費。28.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.(服裝行業(yè)是地球上最大的碳污染者之一，也是最大的廢物制造者之一)”可知，廢棄的服裝會污染環(huán)境。由此可知，這些服裝中含有有毒的化學(xué)物，因此toxic意為“有毒的，有害的”，與poisonous同義。故選D。29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.(根據(jù)麥肯錫的數(shù)據(jù)，從2000年到2014年，服裝產(chǎn)量翻了一番，消費者平均每年多購買60%的服裝)”和第三段的“About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.(每年大約生產(chǎn)1000億件服裝；也就說，地球上每一個人都擁有近14件)”可知，從2000年到2014年，服裝產(chǎn)量翻一番，而且每年有約1000億件衣服被生產(chǎn)出來，這幾乎相當于地球上每個人擁有14件衣服。由此推知，人們?nèi)拥粢路脑蚴敲磕晟a(chǎn)的新衣服實在太多了。故選C。30.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(有毒化學(xué)品進入環(huán)境和工人社區(qū)，棉花生產(chǎn)消耗大量水)”可知，服裝浪費會影響農(nóng)業(yè)和漁業(yè)；根據(jù)第四段的“Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.(服裝和鞋類行業(yè)合計占全球氣候影響的8%以上，超過所有國際航空公司航班和海運旅行的總和)”可知，服裝浪費影響了氣候。綜上，服裝浪費對運輸業(yè)的影響相對較小。故選C。31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(服裝業(yè)是地球上最大的碳污染源之一，也是最大的廢物生產(chǎn)商之一。2018年制造的1000億件服裝中，有五分之三在一年內(nèi)被填埋。有毒化學(xué)品進入環(huán)境和工人社區(qū)，棉花生產(chǎn)消耗大量水)”可知，介紹了一種新型的浪費形式——服裝浪費，以及它帶來的負面影響。故選A。DWhales,particularlybaleenandspermwhales,areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.Whenwhalesdie,theysinktotheoceanfloorandallthecarbonthatisstoredintheirextremelylargebodiesistransferredfromsurfacewaterstothedeepsea,whereitremainsforcenturiesormore.Scientistsfoundthatbeforeindustrialwhaling,populationsofwhaleswouldhavesunkbetween190,000to1.9milliontonnesofcarbonperyeartothebottomoftheocean,whichequalstakingbetween40,000and410,000carsofftheroadeachyear.Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Butwhalesarenotonlyvaluableindeath.Thetidesofexcrement(排泄物)thatwhalesproducearealsosurprisinglyrelevanttotheclimate.Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton(浮游植物).Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.“Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon,”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre-whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.32.Whathappenstothecarbonstoredinwhalesaftertheyarehunted?A.Itremainsintheirbodies. B.Itenterstheatmosphere.C.Itsinkstothedeepsea. D.Ittransferstosurfacewaters.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“microscopic”meaninParagraph3?A.Tiny. B.Destructive. C.Extinct. D.Rare.34.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Whalesaremorevaluableaftertheydie.B.Excrementofwhalesacceleratesglobalwarming.C.40%ofCO2isabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.D.Whalinghasanegativeinfluenceonclimatechange.35.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatWecanDotoSaveWhalesB.HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarthC.WhatisClimateChangeDoingtoWhalesD.WhyWhalePopulationsareDecliningSharply【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了捕鯨對氣候的影響。32.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.(但是當它們被殺死時，它們的尸體被阻止沉入海底，碳就會被釋放到大氣中)”可知，鯨魚被獵殺后，儲存在鯨魚體內(nèi)的碳會被釋放到大氣中。故選B項。33.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton.(它們富含鐵的排泄物為浮游植物創(chuàng)造了完美的生長條件)”可知，劃線詞所在句中的主語Thesecreatures指的是浮游植物，再根據(jù)后文“but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere(但加在一起，它們對地球的大氣有很大的影響)”結(jié)合常識可推知，此處表達“浮游植物雖然很小，但是加在一起，它們對地球的大氣有很大的影響”之意，所以可推知microscopic意為“微小的”之意，和A項“Tiny”意思相近。故選A項。34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton.Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.(它們富含鐵的排泄物為浮游植物創(chuàng)造了完美的生長條件。這些生物可能是微觀的，但加在一起，它們對地球的大氣有很大的影響，吸收了所有產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳的40%，是亞馬遜雨林吸收量的四倍)”倒數(shù)第二段中““Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon,”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.(鯨魚和海豚保護組織的政策經(jīng)理VickiJames說:“捕鯨已經(jīng)從海洋中移除了一個巨大的有機碳泵，這將對浮游植物的生產(chǎn)力和海洋吸收碳的能力產(chǎn)生更大的影響?！?”可推知，捕鯨會降低浮游植物的數(shù)量，從而降低碳的吸收量，對氣候有很大影響，所以捕鯨對氣候變化有負面影響。故選D項。35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whales,particularlybaleenandspermwhales,areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.(鯨魚，尤其是須鯨和抹香鯨，是地球上最大的生物之一。它們在海洋中的存在塑造了它們周圍的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。這些生物也有助于確定地球的溫度)”以及最后一段“Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre-whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.(這意味著，將鯨魚數(shù)量恢復(fù)到捕鯨前的數(shù)量可能是應(yīng)對氣候變化的重要工具，并有助于略微減少每年化石燃料產(chǎn)生的大量二氧化碳)”可知，本文主要講述了鯨魚對氣候的影響，主要是能減少大量二氧化碳，減少溫室效應(yīng)，所以B項“HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarth(鯨魚如何幫助地球降溫)”是本文最好的標題。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.36Slowitdown.Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.37Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.Theexperienceofbeingoverwhelmedcanfeelverychaoticandoutofcontrol,butwhenyouslowitdown,youarereclaimingcontrolovertheexperience.38Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.Takingthetimetounderstandthedatawillalsohelpyoubetterunderstandwhatyourbodyistryingtotellyouifyoumeetwiththesesituationsagaininthefuture.Release,regroup,andredirect.It’seasiersaidthandone,butwhenitcomestofeelingoverwhelmed,thebestthingyoucandoisletitgo.Thereleaseofthesourceoffeelingoverwhelmediscriticaltothe“gettingmylifebacktogether”componentofthisprocess.39Regroupingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutoclosethefeedbackloop(循環(huán))onalltheslowingdown,steppingback,reflectingandreleasing.Itallowsyoutohittheresetbutton,andwithallyouknownow,youcanmoveforwardinapreparedandempoweredmanner.Lastly,youshouldredirect.40Evenifyourtrajectory(軌道)onlyslightlyaltereditscourse,that’sOK!Whatisimportantisthatyouhaveprocessedintegrated,andlearnedfromyourlifesothatyouarebetterpreparedforthefutureandmoreequippedtofaceit.A.Stepbackandreflect.B.Expresswhatyouaretrulyfeelingandthinking.C.Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.D.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyoumustmoveinatotallynewdirection.E.Anotherthingyouhavetodobeforegettingyourlifebacktogetherisregroup.F.Rethinkingaboutyourpreviousmistakesmightgiveyoucluestoavoidtheminthefuture.G.Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.【答案】36.G37.C38.A319.E40.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是當我們感到不知所措時一些可以幫助我們恢復(fù)正常生活的建議。36.根據(jù)空前“Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.(當你不知所措的時候，你會覺得事情太多了無法處理。每個人都會時不時地感到不知所措，但你仍然可以做一些事情來處理這種消極情緒。)”可知當一個人感到不知所措時依舊可以做一些事情來處理這種消極情緒，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是有一些消除消極情緒的可行建議可以提供，G項Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.(當你感到不知所措時，這里有一些建議可以幫助你恢復(fù)生活。)指出有一些建議可以參考，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語境。故選G項。37.根據(jù)空前“Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.(當你感到事情太多或不知所措時，你需要做得第一件事就是慢下來。)”可知當自己面對太多的事情而茫然不知所措時最好現(xiàn)讓自己慢下來，根據(jù)空后“youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.(你將有更多的時間專注于現(xiàn)在，從而更悠閑地做事情。)”可知如果慢下來自己就會更從容地去處理事情，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是為什么慢下來以后會讓讓自己更從容，C項Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.(當你減速時，就好像你踩了剎車。)告訴我們減速之后感覺就像時間停止了，所以就會覺得擁有了更多的時間，與空后的Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresent銜接緊密，符合上下文語境。故選C項。38.空處為主題句。根據(jù)空后“Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.(如果你想知道如何讓你的生活振作起來，是時候反思一下是什么導(dǎo)致了壓力。反思是很好的，因為它可以幫助你整理從不堪重負中收到的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知本段主要講的是反思的好處，A項Stepbackandreflect.(退一步進行反思。)不僅形式上與二、四段標題一致，而且概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，符合上下文語境。故選A項。39.根據(jù)本段標題“Release,regroup,andredirect.(釋放、重組、重新定向)”可知本段主要強調(diào)在你不知所措時要做到釋放、重組和重新定向，根據(jù)空前“It’se