一年級英語-高中英語定語從句

attributiveclause定語從句

定語從句簡單句和復合句限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的使用方法

定語從句中需注意的事項1.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.2.Whatyoudidisveryimportant.3.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.4.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.5.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.簡單句復合句復合句復合句復合句主語從句定語從句地點狀語從句賓語從句簡單句和復合句Period16.Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.7.Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.8.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoineditassoonasIcould.9.ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.簡單句復合句復合句復合句定語從句時間狀語從句定語從句原因狀語從句

定語：修飾名詞或代詞的成分，可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔任。

例：

Thelittlegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themandrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.注意：單詞做定語位于名詞前，短語作定語位于名詞后。

定語從句：在英語中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。

例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.定語從句

不管引導詞是哪一個，都翻譯為“……的”。

Thisis

thecar

whichheboughtlastyear.這是（他去年買的）那輛車。TheboywhosehometownisGuangdongisYiJianlian.那個（家鄉(xiāng)是廣東的）男生是易建聯(lián)。定語從句的翻譯限制性定語從句：與先行詞關(guān)系密切，是先行詞不可缺少的部分。

例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.

非限制性定語從句：用逗號與先行詞隔開，是對先行詞的補充或說明，去掉它不會影響主句的意思表達。

例:ThatafternoonhemetMary,whoinvtedhimto

aparty.

Theseappletrees,

whichIplantedthreeyears

ago,

havegrownwell.定語從句的分類先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。關(guān)系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。

代替

Thatisthe

bikewhich

myfatherboughtforme.

先行詞＝關(guān)系詞bike關(guān)系詞的作用：既引導定語從句，又在定語從句中充當某種成分。先行詞和關(guān)系詞先行詞

主格

賓格

所有格

人who,thatwhom,thatwhose

物which,thatwhich,thatwhose

最后，要確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱和數(shù)(請看以上例句)關(guān)系代詞定語從句的關(guān)系詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞地點where時間when原因why

最后，要確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱和數(shù)(請看以上例句)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞的使用方法

that：多指物，也可以指人，代替先行詞在從句中作主語或賓語。

1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)

Hewashurtintheaccident

thathappenedyesterday.3)Haveyoufoundthebike

thatyoulost?

4)

Thegirl

thathelpedmeinthesupermarketisacollegestudent.

Period22.which指物,代替先行詞在從句中作主語或賓語。作主語時不可省略;作賓語時可以省略。1)Hisfatherworksinafactory

that/which

producesTVsets.2)Thefilmthat/which

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.3.who和whom指人,who代替先行詞在從句中作主語,whom代替先行詞在從句中作賓語。1)Thegirls

who/thatwerebadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.

2)Theboy

whom/thatImetyesterdayisJim'sbrother.注意：關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom在從句中作賓語時，可以省略。如：1)Heknewtheteacher(that/whom)wemetyesterday.2)Haveyoufoundthebike（that/which）youlost?4.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。1)Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.2)Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.

Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.3)I’llcallaperson.Hisfatherknowsyou.

I’llcallaperson

whosefatherknowsyou.關(guān)系副詞的使用方法定語從句常用的關(guān)系副詞有：where，when，why.1.where指地點，代替先行詞在從句中做地點狀語。

(=on/in/at…which)1)Thisistheschool

whereIsudiedforfouryears.2)

Iknowapark

where

wecanspendthewholeweekend.3)Isthistheplace

wheretheaccidenthappened?

1.when指時間，代替先行詞在從句中做時間狀語。

(=on/in…which)1)Thetime

whenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.

2)

Theday

whenhehelpedmewasoneofmyhappiestdays.3)Thiswasatime

when

thetwocountrieswereatwar.

1.why指原因，代替先行詞在從句中做原因狀語。1)Thereason

whyIchosetogotothatcollegewasthatitisnearmyhometown.

2)

Thereason

whyhedidn'tgetthatjobwassthathecouldn'tspeakEnglish.3)Thisisthereason

why

wemustgonow.

1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.(×)Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.(√)

2)Sheisthegirl

whomIwentwiththere.(×)SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.(√)當關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，我們通常用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導定語從句。如果指人，用“介詞+whom”，如果指物，用“介詞+which”.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的使用方法3)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.(×)Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.(√)

=Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.4).Iwanttofindthepen

(which)Iwrotetheletterwith.(×)IwanttofindthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.(√)summary定語從句：跟在先行詞之后，用來限定或修飾先行詞。定語從句的分類限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句定語從句的關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞指人who/that（主格）whom/that（賓格）指物which/that所有格whose關(guān)系副詞指地點指時間指原因wherewhenwhy介詞+關(guān)系代詞指人指物介詞+whom介詞+whichAttentionthat和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,用that而不用which。(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾時。

Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooks

that

arekeptinthislibeary.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthat

belongstohim.(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(3)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。(4)先行詞同時含有人和物時。Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere.

that不能引導非限制性定語從句

that不能用于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中（指物用介詞+which,指人用介詞+whom）

ExercisesPractice1:將下列各組句子合并成定語從句。

1)TheboyisTom.

Tomsitsinfrontofme.Theboy(whositsinfrontofme)isTom.

2)Theteacherwillgiveusaspeech.Wemettheteacheryesterday.

Theteacher(whomwemetyesterday)willgiveusaspeech.3)

Istillrememberthefirstday.Icametoschoolonthefirstday.Istillrememberthefirstday(whenIcametoschool).4)Youboughtabookyesterday.Ilikethebook.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.

1.Thisistheengineer_____gaveusatalkaboutcomputers.2.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything