2024屆高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語高考題型組合練（人教版）選擇性Unit2IconicAttractions

選擇性必修第四冊(cè)Unit2IconicAttractions高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIn1969，watchingthelandingofApollo11ontheMoononTVfromhisparents’farminCanada，ChrisHadfieldwasamazedandthatday，atonlynineyearsold，Chrismadethemostimportantdecisionofhislife：Hewasgoingtobeanastronaut.Therewasn’tevenatrainingprograminCanadatobecomeanastronaut；butChriswasspentagreatdealoftimestudyingandfixingschoolhejoinedtheCanadianarmywherehelearnedtoflymanydifferenttypesofdidalotofresearchfortheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)intheUnitedStatesandhadspecial，in1995，herodehisfirstrocketintospace.ChrisbecamethefirstCanadianastronauttowalkinspace，andwentonanumberofspacemissionsthroughouthismostmemorablewashisfive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ascommander，betweenDecember2012andMaypostedonsocialmediathousandsofphotosofEarthandvideosofhimselfexplaininghowthingsworkinzerofollowerscouldwatchhimsleeping，brushinghisteeth，washinghishands，orpreparing“space”snacksinzerogravity，whichturnedhimintoasocialmediaphenomenon.Today，Christravelstheworldgivingtalksabouthisoncesaid，“Decideinyourheartofheartswhatreallyexcitesandchallengesyou，andstartmovingyourlifeinthatdecisionyoumake，fromwhatyoueattowhatyoudowithyourtimetonight，turnsyouintowhoyouareatwhoyouwanttobe，andstartsculptingyourselfintothatmaynotgetexactlywhereyouthoughtyou’dbe，butyouwillbedoingthingsthatsuityouinaprofessionyoubelieve’tletliferandomlykickyouintotheadultyoudon’twanttobecome.”語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加拿大航天員ChrisHadfield小時(shí)候看到阿波羅11號(hào)登陸月球后，勵(lì)志成為一名宇航員的故事。1．WhatledChristomakeuphismindtobeanastronaut?A．Thelifeonhisparents’farm.B．Hisabilitytoflyvariousplanes.C．Apollo11’slandingontheMoon.D．Hispassionforstudyingengines.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，阿波羅11號(hào)登陸月球使Chris下定決心成為一名宇航員。故選C。2．WhichofthefollowingwasbestworthrememberingaboutChris’career?A．ServingintheCanadianarmy.B．WorkingascommanderontheISS.C．ReceivingalotoftrainingfromtheNASA.D．BeingthefirstCanadianastronauttowalkinspace.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Themostmemorablewashisfive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ascommander”可知，Chris的職業(yè)生涯中最值得記憶的是他在國(guó)際空間站擔(dān)任指揮官的經(jīng)歷。故選B。3．WhatmadeChrispopularinthemedia?A．Thespacetasksheconductedinhislife.B．Thepicturesandvideoshepostedonline.C．Hisstrongdeterminationtopursuehisdream.D．HisgreatcontributionstoCanada’sspaceindustry.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“HepostedonsocialmediathousandsofphotosofEarthandvideosofhimselfexplaininghowthingsworkinzerogravity...whichturnedhimintoasocialmediaphenomenon.”可知，Chris上傳到網(wǎng)上的照片和視頻使Chris在媒體中很受歡迎。故選B。4．WhatcanwelearnfromChris’wordsinthelastparagraph?A．Courageiswhatittakestoovercomedifficulties.B．Opportunitiesgohandinhandwithchallenges.C．Fromsmallbeginningscomegreatendings.D．Thesecretofsuccessliesinthefirmaim.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Decideinyourheartofheartswhatreallyexcitesandchallengesyou，andstartmovingyourlifeinthatdirection.”及“Don’tletliferandomlykickyouintotheadultyoudon’twanttobecome.”可知，從Chris的話中，我們可以知道，要想成功，一定要堅(jiān)定自己的目標(biāo)。故選D。BPlasticssustainabilityhascomealongwayinrecentyearsinlargepartthankstoscientificevenasplasticsbecomemoreandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly，theworldcontinuestobepollutedasmanyindustriesrelyonthemfortheirwidely-usedproducts.ThelatestresearchfromDrJunpengWang，assistantprofessorinUA’sSchoolofPolymerScienceandPolymerEngineering，hasamethodtoreducesuchwasteandclearascientificpathwaytoamoresustainablefuturethatcanappealtotherubber，tyre，automobileandelectronicsindustries.Theproblemathand：Syntheticpolymers，includingrubberandplastics，areusedinnearlyeveryaspectofdailyadvantageofsyntheticpolymerslieslargelyintheirexcellentstabilityandvariousmechanical，duetotheirhighdurability，wastematerialsmadeofthesepolymershaveaccumulatedinthelandandoceans，causingseriousconcernsfortheecosystem.Apromisingmethodtotacklethechallengesinplasticssustainabilityistoreplacecurrentpolymerswithrecyclableonesinordertoachieveacircularuseofmaterials.Thekeyinthedesignofchemicallyrecyclablepolymersistoidentifytherightcarefulcomputationalcalculation，theresearchersidentifiedatargetingthenpreparedthemonomerandpolymersthroughchemicalsynthesis，usingabundantlyavailablestartingmaterials.Wang’sresearchgroup，includingpolymersciencegraduatestudentsandapostdoctoralscientist，aimstodeveloppolymersthatcanbebrokendownintotheirtheelementforbreakingthemdownisabsentorremoved，thepolymerswillbehighlystableandtheirthermalandmechanicalqualitiescanbetunedtomeettheneedsofvariousapplications.“Thechemicallyrecyclablepolymerswedevelopedshowexcellentthermalstabilityandmechanicalqualitiesandcanbeusedtopreparebothrubberandplastics，”saysWang.“Weexpectthismaterialtobeanattractivecandidatetoreplacecurrentpolymers.”eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了解決塑料可持續(xù)性問題的新方法。)5．WhatdoweknowaboutDrJunpengWang’sresearch?A．Ithelpsimprovethelevelofplasticsstability.B．Itshowsplasticsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itoffersmorewidely-usedproductstomanyindustries.D．Ittriestodevelopawaytorecycleplasticsscientifically.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThelatestresearchfromDrJunpengWang...hasamethodtoreducesuchwasteandclearascientificpathwaytoamoresustainablefuture...”可知，該項(xiàng)研究試圖開發(fā)一種科學(xué)回收塑料的方法。故選D。6．What’stheauthor’sattitudetothecurrentsyntheticpolymers?A．Objective. B．Favorable.C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.答案A解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theadvantageofsyntheticpolymerslieslargelyintheirexcellentstabilityandvariousmechanical，duetotheirhighdurability，wastematerialsmadeofthesepolymershaveaccumulatedinthelandandoceans，causingseriousconcernsfortheecosystem.”可推知，該段既提到了聚合物的優(yōu)勢(shì)又提到了缺點(diǎn)，故推測(cè)作者對(duì)現(xiàn)有的聚合物持客觀的態(tài)度。故選A。7．Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A．Astudyconductedtomakeplasticslastalongerperiodoftime.B．Aqualityforplasticstosatisfytheneedsofvariousindustries.C．Anewmethoddevelopedtosolvetheplasticssustainabilityproblem.D．Aresearchgroupdevotedtoplasticssustainabilityfortheecosystem.答案C解析主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其第二段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一種解決塑料可持續(xù)性問題的新方法。故選C。8.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythetextappear?A．Relationship. B．Fashion.C．Culture. D．Science.答案D解析文章出處題。本文主要介紹了一種解決塑料可持續(xù)性問題的新方法。文章可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版面上。故選D。CIfyouwereasuperhero，whatwouldyoursuperpowerbe？Wouldyouwanttoflyorbeinvisible？Or，perhaps，you’dratherhavethepowertoreadminds？Wouldn’tthatbecool?Readingmindsisnotasfar-fetchedasyoumightfact，researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyhavedevelopedawearabledevicethatcanactuallyexpressaperson’sthoughtsandallowthemtotalktoacomputer—withoutanyoneelsehearing.Thedevice，calledAlterEgo，allowsapersontocontrolacomputerandaskitquestionswithouteversayingonetheindividualwearingthedevicethinksofawordoraphrasebutdoesnotspeakit，AlterEgopicksuptheneuromuscular(神經(jīng)肌肉)signalsinthatperson’sjawandsendsthosesignalstoacomputer，whichisprogrammedtoassociatethemwithspecificwords.Thedeviceisfairlya10-persontrial，AlterEgohada92%transcription(轉(zhuǎn)錄)saythatnumberwillincreaseovertime.“Ourideawas：Couldwehaveacomputingplatformthat’smoreinternal，thatcombineshumanandmachineinsomewaysandthatfeelslikeaninternalextensionofourownthoughts？”ArnavKapur，agraduatestudentattheMITMediaLabsaid.Sowhateffectcouldthishaveoncommunication？AlterEgocanchangethewayhumansinteractwithcomputers，allowingustosilentlyconnectwithAIassistantssuchasAmazon’sAlexa，Google’sAssistantorApple’sSiriwithoutanyoneapersonishavingaconversationandwantstolookupabitofinformation，theydon’thavetotakeouttheirdigitaldevice；insteadtheycanjustthinkofthewillanswerwithoutinterruptingthedevicecanalsohelppeoplecommunicateinnoisysituations，suchasonafactoryfloorintheairport.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員開發(fā)出了一種能夠真實(shí)表達(dá)人的想法的可穿戴設(shè)備AlterEgo，同時(shí)介紹了其工作原理和對(duì)人類交流的影響。9．Whyarethequestionsraisedinparagraph1?A．Toaskreadersfortheiropinions.B．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C．Toinspirereaders’imagination.D．Toshowtheauthor’scuriosity.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和第二段第一句可知，第一段通過提問的方式導(dǎo)入文章關(guān)于“讀心設(shè)備”的主題，引出下文。故選B。10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph3referto?A．Thequestions. B．Thecomputers.C．Thesignals. D．Thewords.答案C解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whentheindividualwearingthedevicethinksof...whichisprogrammedtoassociatethemwithspecificwords.”可知，AlterEgo通過拾取神經(jīng)肌肉信號(hào)并將其發(fā)送到計(jì)算機(jī)，計(jì)算機(jī)通過編程將這些信號(hào)與特定的單詞相關(guān)聯(lián)，所以畫線詞them指代的是上文的“信號(hào)(Thesignals)”。故選C。11．WhatinfluencewillAlterEgohaveonpeople’scommunication?A．PeoplecanapplyAIassistantsskilfully.B．Peoplewillmakegoodmind-readers.C．Peoplenolongerneedmobilephones.D．Peoplecancommunicatemoresmoothly.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知，AlterEgo可以使人們不需要說話就可以彼此交流，還能幫助人們?cè)卩须s的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行交流，可得出AlterEgo會(huì)對(duì)人們的交流產(chǎn)生的影響是使人們可以更順暢地交流。故選D。12．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AlterEgoFreesPeopleofThinkingB．WearableDeviceControlsComputerC．SilentReaderofYourMindComesTrueD．CommunicationIsEasywithAIAssistants答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀文章可知，文章主要介紹了讀心設(shè)備AlterEgo使人們不需要說話就可以彼此交流，真實(shí)地表達(dá)一個(gè)人的想法，C項(xiàng)“無聲的讀心術(shù)成真了”符合文意。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五(2023·江蘇蘇州八校聯(lián)考)Whileanewenvironmentisexciting，theadjustmentprocesscanbeifeverythingisgoingwellatthebeginningofyournewjoborschool，somethingunexpectedcanhappen.1Thefollowingtipswillhelpyouadapttoanewenvironmentmorequicklyandsmoothly.Askisunderstandablethatwhenyoustart，youdon’twanttoshowyouneedadditionalexplanation，butyouhavetorememberyouarenew!Youarelearninganentirelydifferentprocess，sotherewillbethingsyouneedtoasktounderstand.2Infact，ithastheexactoppositewillnotonlyimpressotherswithyouroriginalideasbutalsoopenupopportunitiestobuildrelationshipsacrossyournewteam.Seekoutamentor(指導(dǎo)者)．Havingamentor，particularlyatthebeginning，canmakeyouradaptationmuchmorepersoncanbeyourboss，yourprofessor，orjustafriendlyclassmateorco-worker.3Andmoreimportantly，theycanhelpyoulearnsomeessentialthingsyouwon’tfindinthehandbook.Gettoknowyourmentor，makeitaprioritytofindmorenewdoesmakeaconsiderableway，youwillfeelmoreconnectedandapartofthings，insteadofbeingandoesn’tmeanyouhavetogotoeverycornerandintroduceyourself.