2018年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)與增分策略 考前特訓(xùn) 題型組合練（十五）

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精PAGE9學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精PAGE題型組合練（十五）Ⅰ。閱讀理解A（2017·山東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)診斷三)Canyoubelievethatthereusedtobeaconsensusinsocietythatopposedthewritingofnovelsbyauthoresses?Clearlythisrestrictionmusthaveoperatedatatimewhentherewasnoequalityofopportunityforwomen。Amazingly，itwasagenerallyheldviewonly100yearsagoinEngland.Inastrangecontradiction，thisperiodproducedacoupleofmostcourageousandgiftedauthoresses。Herearethreeofthem.JaneAusten(1775～1817)AllthesixcompletednovelsofJaneAustendealwiththeproblemsandlimitationsofwomen’schoices.Athertime，theonlyrespectable“career”forawomanwastomarry，sothedilemmaofherheroines’wasalsotomarrybutforlove。Besidesthecontent，theappealofherworksalsoliesinherrefreshinglylightandironicstyle。CharlotteBronte（1816～1855)CharlotteBronte’snovelswererevolutionaryfortheexplicitwaytheydescribedwomenstrugglingagainsttheirrestrictedrolesinsociety。Herheroinesareoutspokeninexpressingtheirfeelings，whiledemonstratinghonestyandconscienceintheirchoices。Hernovel，JaneEyre，publishedunderaman’sname，wasverysuccessfulwhenitcameout.ThebookwasarevelationafterthemorereservedfeelingsexpressedinJaneAusten'snovels。GeorgeEliot(1819～1880）Hernovelsexaminedthemorallyambiguousconcessionspeoplemakeintheirlivesinordertosucceed.Inoneofherbooks,SilasMarner，theherodiscoversalittlegirlrejectedbyherownfather.Herfatherdidsoforfearoflosinghissecondwife’slove—amistakeforwhichthecouplebothsuffer。語篇解讀本文向讀者介紹了三位著名的女作家:簡·奧斯汀、夏洛蒂·勃朗特與喬治·艾略特的小說風(fēng)格。1．Whydoestheauthordescribetheauthoressesas“courageous”?A．Theywerehonestinexpressingtheiropinions。B．Theybrokethesocialrestrictionsonauthoresses.C．Therewerefewgoodmenwritersattheirtime。D．Theyfoughtagainstthelawtopublishtheirbooks。答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段第一、二句“Canyoubelievethatthereusedtobeaconsensusinsocietythatopposedthewritingofnovelsbyauthoresses？Clearlythisrestrictionmusthaveoperatedatatimewhentherewasnoequalityofopportunityforwomen."可知,當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)是限制女性作家發(fā)展的，然而她們的出現(xiàn)體現(xiàn)出對(duì)社會(huì)偏見的反抗,因此作者認(rèn)為她們是勇敢的。故選B項(xiàng).2．TheappealofJaneAusten’sbooksmainlyliesin。A．charmingheroines B．respectablecareersC．movinglovestories D．contentandstyle答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)JaneAusten（1775～1817）部分最后一句“Besidesthecontent，theappealofherworksalsoliesinherrefreshinglylightandironicstyle.”可知,簡·奧斯汀的書不僅內(nèi)容吸引人，而且風(fēng)格獨(dú)特。故選D項(xiàng)。3．WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookSilasMarner？A．Itdealtwithconcessionspeoplemade。B．ItwaswrittenbyamancalledGeorgeEliot.C．Itsheroinesareoutspokenandhonest.D．Itdescribeswomenstrugglingforequalrights.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)GeorgeEliot（1819~1880)部分第一句“Hernovelsexaminedthemorallyambiguousconcessionspeoplemakeintheirlivesinordertosucceed。”可知，作者認(rèn)為喬治·艾略特寫的小說主要是關(guān)于人們在生活中作出的讓步，接著作者以《織工馬南傳》為例說明此觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在aman；C、D兩項(xiàng)是對(duì)夏洛蒂·勃朗特小說的描述。B（2017·東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體一模)Lastweek，EducationSecretaryArneDuncandeclaredawaronpapertextbooks.“Overthenextfewyears，”hesaidinaspeechattheNationalPressClub,“textbooksshouldbeabandoned."Intheirplacewouldcomeavarietyofdigital-learningtechnologies，likee。readersandmulti-mediawebsites.Suchtechnologiescertainlyhavetheirplace.ButSecretaryDuncanisthreateningtolightafiretoatried.and.truetechnology—goodoldpaper—thathasbeenthefoundationforoneofthegreateducationalsystemsontheplanet。Andwhilee-readersandmulti.mediamayseemappealing，theideaofreplacinganeffectivelearningplatformwithawidelyhyped（炒作）butstillunprovenoneisextremelydangerous.Anexpertonreading，MaryanneWolf，hasrecentlybegunstudyingtheeffectsofdigitalreadingonlearning,andsofartheresultsaremixed.SheworriesthatInternetreadingcouldbesuchasourceofdistractions(分散注意力)forthestudentthatitmaycanceloutmostotherpotentialbenefitsofaWeb。linked，e。learningenvironment。Andwhileit’struethatthehigh。techindustryhassponsoredlargeamountsofresearchonthepotentialbenefitsofWeb.basedlearning，notenoughtimehaspassedforlongitudinal（縱向的）studiestodemonstratethefulleffects。Inaddition，digital.readingsupportersclaimthatlightweighte-booksbenefitstudents’backsandsaveschoolsmoney。Buttherollingbackpackseemstohavesolvedtheweightproblem,andthesurprisingcoststooutfiteverystudentwithane.reader，providetechnicalsupportandpayforregularsoftwareupdatespromisetomakethee-textbookaverypriceychoice。Asbothateacherwhousespapertextbooksandastudentofurbanhistory,Ican’thelpbutwonderwhatparallelsexistbetweenmyownfieldandthissudden,wholesaleabandonmentofthetechnologyofpaper。eq\x（語篇解讀文章從不同角度及不同立場探討了數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)是否會(huì)取代課本。)4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．Atried-and。truetechnologyispaper，longusedineducationalsystem。B．Digitallearningtechnologieswillreplacethepapertextbookssoonerorlater。C．E.readersandmulti。mediawebsitesarelearningmethodsthatareprovedeffective。D．Multi。mediawebsitesandagoodoldpaperarekindsofdigital。learningtechnologies。答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“ButSecretaryDuncanisthreateningtolightafiretoatried-and-truetechnology-goodoldpaper—thathasbeenthefoundationforoneofthegreateducationalsystemsontheplanet?！笨芍?，課本是真實(shí)可靠的技術(shù)并且一直以來都是教育系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。5．Whatisthedrawbackoftextbooksaccordingtothepassage?A．Itsprice. B．Itsweight。C．Itscontent. D．Itsappearance。答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句“Inaddition，digital-readingsupportersclaimthatlightweighte.booksbenefitstudents’backsandsaveschoolsmoney.”可知，電子閱讀的支持者們稱，重量輕的電子書對(duì)學(xué)生的后背有益而且還可以為學(xué)校省錢，這從側(cè)面說明了紙質(zhì)書也就是課本的缺點(diǎn)就是它的重量.故選B項(xiàng)。6．WhatworriesMaryanneWolfmostisthat。A．paperlearningcanprovidemorepotentialbenefitsB．theresultsofdigitalreadingeffectsareunderstandableC．studentsmaynotfocusonlearningbydigitalreadingD．digitalreadingcan’tprovidepotentialbenefitsforusers答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞MaryanneWolf可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段第二句“SheworriesthatInternetreadingcouldbesuchasourceofdistractions（分散注意力）forthestudentthatitmaycanceloutmostotherpotentialbenefitsofaWeb.linked，e-learningenvironment。”可知,她擔(dān)心網(wǎng)絡(luò)閱讀可能會(huì)分散學(xué)生的注意力，以至于抵消了網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境潛在的好處。故選C項(xiàng).7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowarddigital.learning?A．Disapproving。 B．Supportive。C．Positive。 D．Objective.答案D解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題.通讀全文可知,作者客觀地闡述了數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)的好處和缺陷，并結(jié)合不同人的看法，從客觀的角度進(jìn)行分析。故選D項(xiàng)。C(2017·甘肅蘭州一中月考）TheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco,Californiaisoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbridges.Itisalsooneofthemostvisitedplacesintheworld。Vehiclescrossthebridgeanaverageof41milliontimeseachyear.Morethan1，800hundredmillionvehicleshaveusedthebridgesinceitopenedmorethan70yearsago。Thebridgewaspainted“InternationalOrange”becausethatcolorwentwellwiththenaturalsurroundings。Thecoloralsoiseasiertoseeintheheavyfogthatoftencoversthearea。ButtheGoldenGateBridgewasnotnamedforitsorangecolor。Itwasnamedforthebodyofwaterthatitcrosses，theGoldenGateStrait.TheGoldenGateStraitistheentrancetotheSanFranciscoBayfromthePacificOcean。TheGoldenGateBridgelinksthecityofSanFranciscowithMarinCounty，California.Planningforthebridgebeganinthe1920swhentheareaaroundSanFranciscowasgrowing.Peoplelivingintheareaneededanotherwaytogettothecitybesidessmallferries(渡船）．JosephStrausswasthechiefengineerfortheproject。Workbeganin1934.MrStraussdemandedthestrongestsafetyprotectionsinthehistoryofbridgebuilding.Theseincludedthefirstuseof“hardhats”toprotecttheworkers’headsandspecialglassestoprotecttheireyes。Aspecialsafetynetwassuspended(掛）underthebridge。Thisnetsavedthelivesof19menduringtheconstruction.However,11otherworkerswerekilledwhentheyfellfromthebridgethroughthenet.Still，thiswasanewsafetyrecordforthetime.TheGoldenGateBridgeopenedin1937.Itextends1，280metersacrossthewater。Thetotallengthis2,737meters.Itwasthelargestsuspensionbridge(吊橋）intheworlduntil1964.ThatiswhentheVerrazanoNarrowsBridgeopenedinNewYorkCity.Today，theGoldenGateBridgeistheninthlongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld。eq\x（語篇解讀文章主要講述了金門大橋名稱的由來以及它的建造.）8．TheGoldenGateBridgewasnamedafter.A．thelocalclimateB．thecolorofapaintC．thestraititcrossesD．itsnaturalsurroundings答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Itwasnamedforthebodyofwaterthatitcrosses,theGoldenGateStrait?！笨芍xC。9．Thepurposeofsuspendingaspecialsafetynetisto.A．protecttheenvironmentB．makeconstructioneasierC．preventworkersfromfallingD．savebuildingmaterialsfromfalling答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句“Aspecialsafetynetwassuspended（掛)underthebridge。Thisnetsavedthelivesof19menduringtheconstruction.”可知這網(wǎng)是為了防止工人們掉下來.故選C。10．WhatdoweknowaboutJosephStrauss?A．Heattachedimportancetotheworkers’safety.B．Hissafetymeasureswerenotofpracticalvalue.C．Hebuiltthefirstsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Hedemandedstrongmeasurestoensurethesafetyofthebridge.答案A解析推理判斷題.根據(jù)第四段和第五段第一、二句可知他重視工人的安全。故選A。11．Thepassageiswrittento。A．invitereaderstoSanFranciscoB．introducetheGoldenGateBridgeC．describehowtheGoldenGateBridgewasbuiltD．tellthestoryofanengineercalledJosephStrauss答案B解析寫作意圖題?？v觀全文，可知本文主要講述了金門大橋名稱的來歷以及它的建造，也就是向人們介紹金門大橋。故選B。D(2017·吉林長春二模)Foodproductiondoesgreatharmtoourenvironment.Therearemanyproceduresinvolvedinthemanufactureoffoodthatresultingreenhousegasesandotherpollutants.Someproceduresrequiretheconsumptionoflargeamountsoffossilfuels，suchasthetransportationandstorageoffoodproducts。Otherfactorsthatcausegreatdamagetoourenvironmentincludetheoveruseoffreshwater。Theproductionofbeefismoredamagingtotheenvironmentthanthatofanyotherfoodweconsume。Raisinglargenumbersofcattlerequirestheproductionoflargeamountsoffoodfortheanimals.It'sestimatedthatproducingonepoundofbeefrequiressevenpoundsoffeed.Landuseisalsoaproblem。Ifthecattlearefree-rangecattle，largeareasoflandarerequiredforthemtoliveon.Thishasledtodisastrousforestcuttingandthelossofrareplantsandanimalspecies，particularlyintropicalrainforestsinCentralandSouthAmerica.Anotherproblemspecifictobeefproductionismethaneemissions(甲烷排放)．Althoughmanypeopleareawareofthedamagingeffectsofcarbondioxide，theydon’trealizemethane’sglobalwarmingpotentialis25timesworse，makingitamoredireproblem.Unfortunately，beefconsumptionisgrowingrapidly。Thisistheresultofsimplesupplyanddemandfactors。Specifically，therearetwomaincausesofdemandthatareencouragingtheproductionofmoresupply.First，theincreaseintheworldpopulationmeanstherearemorepeopletoconsumemeat.Thesecondfactorissocioeconomicadvancement.Ascitizensindevelopingnationsbecomefinanciallystable，theycanaffordtobuymoremeat。Therefore，onewaytoreducethegreenhousegasemissionsisforpeoplearoundtheworldtosignificantlycutdownontheamountofbeeftheyeat。語篇解讀本文介紹了在牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程中,飼養(yǎng)牛需要消耗大量食物，占用大片土地，牛體內(nèi)的食物消化又會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的甲烷并會(huì)釋放到大氣中，從而危害環(huán)境,因此作者呼吁為了保護(hù)環(huán)境人們應(yīng)減少牛肉的消耗。12．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？A．Raisingfree。rangecattleiseco。friendly。B．Peoplecutdowntreesforanimalhabitats。C．Producingbeefcandamagetheenvironment.D．Carbondioxidecausesfarmoreharmthanmethane.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theproductionofbeefismoredamagingtotheenvironmentthanthatofanyotherfoodweconsume?！笨芍?，牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成破壞。故選C項(xiàng)。13．Theunderlinedword“dire"inPara。4means“”．A。urgent B．commonC．typical D．a(chǎn)voidable答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段可知，在牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的甲烷，而甲烷的危害遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于二氧化碳，因此，這個(gè)問題更需要大家給予迫切的關(guān)注。由此可猜測，dire意為“極其嚴(yán)重的，危急的”。故選A項(xiàng)。14．Beefproductionisgrowingrapidlybecause.A．morepeopleareindemandofbeefB．developingcountriesraisemorecattleC．morelandisavailabletoraisecattleD．thecostofraisingcattleisrelativelylow答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Thisistheresultofsimplesupplyanddemandfactors。”以及下文中分析的兩個(gè)原因可知,牛肉消耗的增加是供求關(guān)系的結(jié)果。人口的增加以及發(fā)展中國家的收入增加，使得人們可以購買更多肉制品，從而導(dǎo)致牛肉消耗的增加。故選A項(xiàng).15．Theauthorwritesthisarticleto.A．describetheboomingofthebeefproductionB．emphasizetheadvantagesofbeefproductionC．condemnthedeforestationoftherainforestD．a(chǎn)rgueforadecreaseinbeefconsumption答案D解析寫作意圖題。作者分析了牛肉生產(chǎn)過程對(duì)環(huán)境的危害，在最后一段提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，呼吁人們減少對(duì)牛肉的消耗,從而保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅱ。七選五（2017·河北唐山一模)Everyonemakesmistakes.16Makingamistakeatwork，however,canbemoreserious。Itmaycauseproblemsforyouremployerandevenaffectthecompany’sbottomline。Evilconsequenceswillfinallycomedowntoyou。Simplycorrectingyourmistakeandmovingonmaynotbeanoption.Whenyoumakeamistakeatworkyourcareermaydependonwhatyoudonext。Admityourmistake.Tellyourbossaboutyourmistakeimmediately。Theonlyexceptionisthatyoumakeaninsignificanterrorthatwillnotaffectanyone.Otherwise，don’ttrytohideyourmistake。17Presentyourbosswithaplantofixyourmistake。Whenyougotoyourboss’sofficetoadmityourmistake，youmusthaveaplanforcorrectingit.Presentyourplanclearly.Tellyourbosshowlongitwilltaketocarryoutyourplanandifthereareanycostsinvolved.Don’tblamea