英語(yǔ) 2021年秋季高三開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷03（江蘇專用）（解析版）

高考復(fù)習(xí)資料1/12021年秋季高三開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷03（江蘇專用）英語(yǔ)（滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題參考答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的參考答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他參考答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將參考答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.參考答案是C。1.WhatisJimdoingnow?A.Cooking. B.WatchingTV. C.Reviewinghislessons.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Driveawayhercar. B.Parkhercarnearby. C.Buyaredcar.3.Howmuchdoesthewomanwantforthewatch?A.$200. B.$150. C.$50. 4.Wherewasthemangoingwhenhefelloffthebike?A.Tothesupermarket. B.Tothebank. C.Tothehospital.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Peter’shealth. B.Peter’sschoollife. C.Peter’sage.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmanydaysdoesthemanworkinaweek?A.5days. B.6days. C.7days.7.Whoisthegirl?A.Apassenger. B.Theman’scolleague. C.Theman’sdaughter.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatdidSandradolastnight?A.Sherepairedherphone. B.ShecalledupMichael. C.Shelearnttopaint.9.WhatdidSandraandPeteragreetodoonSunday?A.Playtennis. B.VisitLondon. C.Gotothedentist.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatcolordoesthewomanlikebest?A.Black. B.White. C.Red.11.Whatwillthespeakersdothisevening?A.Attendaparty. B.Goshopping. C.Dosomecleaning.12.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Husbandandwife. C.Salesmanandcustomer.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A.Seeingafilm. B.VisitingJames. C.Goingclimbing.14.WhatwillthemanfinishbeforecallingJames?A.Ajournal. B.Areport. C.Anessay.15.Howwillthespeakersgotothenewpark?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybike. C.Bybus.16.WherewillthespeakersmeetonSaturdaymorning?A.Inasupermarket. B.Neartheirschool. C.AttheWestMountain.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whendoestheclassfinish?A.At5:00p.m. B.At5:30p.m. C.At6:00p.m.18.HowoftendothestudentstakeLindsayBlack’sclassinaweek?A.Twice. B.Threetimes. C.Fourtimes.19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthestudentstodo?A.Photocopyherlessons. B.Visittheschoolwebsite. C.Buythestudent’sbook. 20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A.She’sambitious. B.She’sstrict. C.She’shumorous.聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）1—5CBAAC6—10BABAC11—15ABABC16—20BCACB聽(tīng)力原文Example:M:Excuseme,canyoutellmehowmuchtheshirtis?W:Yes,it’sninefifteen.Text1W:Hey,Jim.Wehaverunoutofsalt.Pleasebuymesomeattheshopdownstairs.M:Oh,Mum.I’mpreparingfortomorrow’sEnglishtest.MaybeJaneisfree.She’swatchingTVinherbedroom.Text2W:MyhusbandandIcometoseeourparentsthisevening.Theirhouseisnear.Youseetheredone?It’stheirs.M:Sorry,butyou’llhavetodriveyourcaraway.Youcannotparkthecarhere.Text3M:Is$150enoughforthewatch?W:I’mafraidnot.50moredollarsshouldbegiven.Text4W:Hi,Buzz.Oh,you’reinjured.Whathappened?M:Afterwithdrawingsomemoneyinthebank,IwasgoingtothesupermarkettobuysomethingforMarleywhenIfelloffmybike.Youknow,sheisinhospitalthesedays.Text5M:How’sPeterdoing?W:Oh,he’sfine.Hejusthadabirthday,and...M:Howoldishe,nine?W:Yeah.Hejustturnednine.Text6W:Excuseme,Sir.CanIaskyouaquestion?M:Yes,please.Whatisit?W:Howmanytimesdoyoutaketheplaneeveryweek?M:Well,ItakeiteverydayexceptonSundayinaweek.W:Really?Soyoupayforticketseachtime.Areyouveryrich?M:Oh,no,littlegirl.Actually,that’smyjob.Theypaymeforthat.W:Howluckyyouare!Oh,mymumiscoming.Wearegoingtothesecuritycheckoverthere.Bye.Text7M:Hi,Sandra.It’sPeter.W:Hi,Peter.Whatasurprise!Iwaswaitingforyoutocalllastnight.M:Lastnight?Idid.Icalledyoufivetimes.Butthelinewasbusyallthetime.W:Oh,yes.I’msorryaboutthat.IwastalkingwithmybrotherMichaelonthephone.HeislearningtopaintinLondon.M:Oh,well,nevermind.IsSundaystillOKforplayingtennis?W:Yes.Whynot?M:Great!Howaboutteno’clockinthemorning?W:Well.Butlet’sputitoffuntil3pm.Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistat9:30onSundaymorning.M:Gotit.Text8M:Doyoulikethosepants?W:Whichones?M:Theblackones.W:ButIdon’tlikethecolor.M:Whataboutthatdress?W:Whichone?M:Theredoneontheleft,andthecolorisyourfavorite.W:Thatone!Oh,Iloveit.Butit’sexpensive.Thewhiteoneisfine,too.ThepriceandthecolorareOKwithme.M:Don’tworryaboutthemoney.Igotaraiseinpaylastweek.It’shardforyoutotakecareofourchildrenathome.Youdeserveyourbestclothes.What’smore,youneedanewdressfortonight’sparty.W:Well,thentakeit.Oh,bequick!It’salmost3o’clock.Ineedtogohomeandcleanupthehouse.Text9M:Hithere.We’vebeenbusyallthesedays.Shallwegosomewherethisweekend?W:Sure,whereshallwegothen?M:Ireallydon’tknow.Doyouhaveanyideas?W:Whydon’twegotothemovies?M:I’drathernotgo.Idon’tlikemovies.W:Iknowthere’sanewparkwherethereisaspecialbarbecueareaforvisitors.M:Whereisit?W:It’snotfarfromtheWestMountain.SoIsuggestwegothereforapicnic.WecancallupJames,invitinghimtojoinusbecausehe’sfondofsuchactivities.M:That’sagoodideaforme.I’llcallhimafterfinishingthereportaboutthemeetingheldyesterday.Seeit?I’malmostfinishingit.Bytheway,howwillwegothere,takeataxiortakeourbikes?W:Neither.TheNo.39bustakesusstraightthere.Let’smeetat9:00amonSaturdayatthestationnearourschoolsinceit’sconvenientforbothofustogetthere.M:Whatfooddoyouthinkweshouldtakewithus?W:Whatabouttakingsomechickenandsomefruits?M:Igoalongwithit.I’llbuytheminthesupermarketafterwork.W:OK.Seeyouthen.Text10W：Hello,everyone!It’snicetoseeyouallhere.WelcometoBritish

LifeandLanguage.Iamyourteacher.

MynameisLindsayBlack.That’sL-I-N-D-S-A-YBlack.Beforewebegin,hereissomeinformationabouttheclass.WehaveclassonMondayandWednesdayeveryweek.Ourclassbeginsat4:30p.m.andlasts90minutes.Also,Ihaveanofficehourifyouhavequestions.I’minoffice7Bonthesecondfloor.MyofficehourisFridayat6p.m.Forthiscourseyouneedthebook.Hereitis:

British

LifeandLanguageLevel1Student’sBook.So,pleasegetthebookonline,whichismuchcheaper.Ofcourse,youmaygetitfromthebookstorenearourschool.Idon’twanttoseeanyphotocopiesofthebook.Thankyou!EveryoneofyoumustrememberthatwhenIgivealesson,youmusttakenotescarefully,writingdowneverylessonItalkabout.Youarenotallowedtotalkonyourcellphoneoransweryourphoneinclass.Don’tbelateorleaveearly,oryouwillbeseverelypunished.Ithinkthat’sall.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABritain'sbrilliantbridgeshavesupportedtrade,broughtcommunitiestogetherandarealwaysthemostexcitingpartofthejourney.Thesemust-seebridgesarenowtouristattractionsintheirownright.CliftonSuspensionBridge,BristolDescribedbyitslegendaryengineerIsambardKingdomBrunelas“myfirstlove,mydarling",itwasoriginallydesignedforhorse-drawntraffic.Now,morethanfourmillionvehiclesayearcrossthe1,352ft-longtoll（通行費(fèi)）bridgeovertheAvonGorge.The￡1tollforeveryjourneypaysforitsmaintenance.Thehistoryofthebridge,datingbackto1864,iskeptalivethroughaprogrammeoftours,eventsandexhibitions.InfinityBridge,Stockton-On-TeesApedestrian（行人）andcyclefootbridgeacrosstheRiverTees,itsworkingtitlewastheNorthShoreFootbridge,beforeitwasgivenitsgrandernamewhenopenedin2009.Itisparticularlyincredibleatnight.Thearches（拱形）ofthebridgearealsolitwhiteand,oncalmnights,theirreflectioninthewaterappearsasaninfinity（無(wú)窮大）symbol,thusinspiringthenamewhichwaschosenbythepublic.TowerBridge,LondonAnengineeringwonderbuiltfromthousandsoftonsofPortlandstoneandsteel,ittookconstructionworkerseightyearstocomplete.Morethan120yearsold,it'sapopulartouristattraction,aswellasafunctionalbridge.Visitorscantakeintheviewsoverthecapital,experienceseeingLondonlifethroughtheGlassFloor,andvisittheVictorianEngineRooms.IronBridge,ShropshireOpenedin1781,thisisthefirstarchbridgeintheworldmadeoutofcastiron.Recognisedasoneofthegreatsymbolsoftheindustrialrevolution,ittransformedthecraftofbridgebuildingandwasacrucialfactorinthedevelopmentoftheirontradeinShropshire.21．Whichbridgehasthelongesthistory?A．CliftonSuspensionBridge. B．InfinityBridge.C．TowerBridge. D．IronBridge.22．WhatcanweknowaboutInfinityBridge?A．Itwasoriginallymeantforpedestrains. B．Thepublicgiveittwonames.C．Ifswellworthvisitingatnight. D．Itsarchisbiggerthananyotherbridge's.23．WhatmakesCliftonSuspensionBridgedifferentfromtheotherbridgesintroduced?A．Itchargesdriversforeachpassing. B．Itofferswalkersagoodviewatnight.C．Itwasmadefromthousandsofstones. D．It'sasymboloftheindustrialrevolution.【參考答案】21．D22．C23．A【題目考點(diǎn)分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。英國(guó)有很多美麗的橋，它們促進(jìn)貿(mào)易，聯(lián)通城市，方便交通，都是值得去旅游的好景點(diǎn)。文章介紹了其中四座橋。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)前三座橋的歷史介紹“Thehistoryofthebridge,datingbackto1864…”、“whenopenedin2009…”、“Morethan120yearsold…”以及IronBridge,Shropshire部分的“Openedin1781,thisisthefirstarchbridgeintheworldmadeoutofcastiron.（這座橋于1781年建成，是世界上第一座用鑄鐵建造的拱橋。）”可知，IronBridge的歷史可追溯到1781年，是四座橋里面最古老的。故選D項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InfinityBridge,Stockton-On-Tees部分的“Itisparticularlyincredibleatnight.（它在夜晚顯得特別壯觀。）”可知，InfinityBridge在夜晚顯得特別壯觀，因此，晚上參觀它更讓人感覺(jué)震撼，值得夜晚去參觀。故選C項(xiàng)。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)CliftonSuspensionBridge,Bristol部分的“Now,morethanfourmillionvehiclesayearcrossthe1,352ft-longtoll（通行費(fèi)）bridgeovertheAvonGorge.The￡1tollforeveryjourneypaysforitsmaintenance.（現(xiàn)在，每年有超過(guò)400萬(wàn)輛汽車穿過(guò)這座1352英尺長(zhǎng)的Avon峽谷收費(fèi)橋。每程1英鎊的過(guò)橋費(fèi)是它的保養(yǎng)費(fèi)。）”可知，從這座懸浮橋上通過(guò)的每輛車每次通行都需要交一英鎊的過(guò)橋費(fèi)，這筆錢(qián)被用于橋梁的維修，而其他三座橋沒(méi)有提到收費(fèi)。故選A項(xiàng)。BVideocallsareacommonoccurrence,buthaveyouimaginedbeingabletotouchthepersonontheotherendoftheline?Scientistsaremakingthisareality.ResearchersattheUniversityofNewSouthWales,Australia,haveinventedasoftskinstretchdevice(SSD),ahaptic(觸覺(jué)的)devicethatcanrecreatethesenseoftouch.Haptictechnologyimitatestheexperienceoftouchbystimulating(刺激)localizedareasoftheskininwaysthataresimilartowhatisfeltintherealworldthroughforce,vibration(震動(dòng))ormotion.Vibrationisthemostcommonhaptictechnologytodayandhasbeenbuiltintomanyelectronicdevices.However,theexistingtechnologyhasgreatdifficultyrecreatingthesenseoftouchwithobjectsinvirtual(虛擬的)environmentsorlocatedremotely,accordingtoMaiThanhThai,leadauthorofthestudy.Thenewtechnologyovercomesproblemswithexistinghapticdevices.Theresearchteamintroducedanewmethodtorecreatethesenseoftouchthroughsoft,artificial“muscles”.Ourthree-waydirectionalskinstretchdevice,builtintothefingertipsofthewearablehapticglovewealsocreated,islikewearingasecondskin—it'ssoft,stretchableandimitatesthesenseoftouch—andwillenablenewformsofhapticcommunicationtoimproveeverydayactivities,saidThanhNhoDo,seniorauthorofthestudy.Itworkslikethis:ImagineyouareathomeandyoucallyourfriendwhoisinAustralia.YouwearahapticglovewiththeSSDsandyourfriendalsowearsaglovewith3Dforcesensors.Ifyourfriendpicksupanobject,itwillphysicallypressagainstyourfriend'sfingers.Andtheirglovewith3Dforcesensorswillmeasuretheseinteractions.Theforcesignalscanbesenttoyourglovesoyourdevicewillgeneratethesame3Dforces,makingyouexperiencethesamesenseoftouchasyourfriend.Thehapticdevicescouldbeappliedinvarioussituations,allowinguserstofeelobjectsinsideavirtualworldoratadistance.ThiscouldbeespeciallybeneficialduringsuchtimesliketheCOVID-19pandemicwhenpeoplerelyonvideocallstostayconnectedwithlovedones.Oritcouldbeusedinmedicalpractices.Doctorscanfeelapatient'sorgantissues(器官組織)withsurgicaltoolswithouttouchingthem.24．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?A．Toencouragetheuseofanewproduct.B．Toinformreadersofanewinvention.C．Tocomparedifferenthapticdevices.D．Tointroducethedevelopmentofhaptictechnology.25．WhatcanwelearnabouttheSSD?A．Itrecreatesthesenseoftouchthroughmuscles.B．Ittakestheshapeofawearableglove.C．Itmakesvirtualhapticcommunicationpossible.D．Ithasbeenbuiltintomanyelectronicdevices.26．Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theadvantagesofthenewhapticglove.B．Theapplicationsofthenewhaptictechnology.C．Anexplanationofhowthehapticdeviceworks.D．ApersonalexperienceofusingSSDsduringavideocall.27．Howcouldthenewhapticdevicebenefitpeople?A．Itcouldreplacevideocallsasawaytocommunicate.B．Itcouldbeusedforrecreatingorgantissues.C．Doctorscouldperformsurgeriesfromadistance.D．Userscouldfeelremoteobjectsinarealisticway.【參考答案】24．B25．C26．C27．D【題目考點(diǎn)分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家正在使視頻通話能夠觸碰到電話另一端的人成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。這一項(xiàng)技術(shù)將會(huì)利用在方方面面，造福于人類。24．推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第一段“haveinventedasoftskinstretchdevice(SSD),ahapticdevicethatcanrecreatethesenseoftouch.(發(fā)明了一種柔軟皮膚拉伸設(shè)備，這是一種可以重現(xiàn)觸覺(jué)的觸覺(jué)設(shè)備)”提到一種可以重現(xiàn)觸覺(jué)的觸覺(jué)設(shè)備，下文講述了該設(shè)備的工作原理和應(yīng)用，所以本文的目的是介紹一項(xiàng)發(fā)明。故選B項(xiàng)。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“beingabletotouchthepersonontheotherendoftheline(能夠觸摸到電話那頭的人)”以及“Scientistsaremakingthisareality.ResearchersattheUniversityofNewSouthWales,Australia,haveinventedasoftskinstretchdevice(SSD),ahapticdevicethatcanrecreatethesenseoftouch.(科學(xué)家們正在使之成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。澳大利亞新南威爾士大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)明了一種柔軟皮膚拉伸設(shè)備，這是一種可以重現(xiàn)觸覺(jué)的觸覺(jué)設(shè)備)”可知，SSD可使虛擬觸覺(jué)通信成為可能。故選C項(xiàng)。26．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Itworkslikethis(它是這樣工作的)”可知，文章第五段主要解釋了觸覺(jué)設(shè)備的工作原理。故選C項(xiàng)。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句“Thehapticdevicescouldbeappliedinvarioussituations,allowinguserstofeelobjectsinsideavirtualworldoratadistance.(這種觸覺(jué)設(shè)備可以應(yīng)用在各種情況下，讓用戶感受到虛擬世界中的物體或遠(yuǎn)處的物體)”可推知，新的觸覺(jué)裝置可以讓人們真實(shí)地感受遠(yuǎn)程對(duì)象，從而使人們受益。故選D項(xiàng)。CSneezingisoneofthemanywondersofthehumanbodyandoneofourprotectivereflexes(反射動(dòng)作).Whensomethingstimulatestheinsideofournose-suchasdustorpollen-thetinynerveendingsinsideournosesendamessagetoourbrainthatinturnsendsoutmessagestomanypartsofourbodytoreleasethesneeze.Sometimesyoufeeltheurgetosneezewhenyou'reinameetingorduringthequietpartofaplayorconcert.Youmightdoyourbesttostiflethereflexsoyoudon'tsneeze.Butit'sbettertointerruptyourcoworkersandseatmatesthanriskhealthconsequences,sayresearchers.AccordingtoacasedescribedinthejournalBMJCaseReports,a34-year-oldinLeicesterintheU.K.endeduphurtinghisthroatwhiletryingtoholdinaforcefulsneeze.Themansaidhefelta“popping”sensationinhisneckafterpinching(捏)hisnoseandholdinghismouthclosedtostopasneeze.Thepressuredidn'thaveanywheretogo,soittorethesofttissue.Themanhadtobefedbyatubeaftertheincidentandeventuallymadeafullrecovery.Iknowallsortsofsneezers,quietonesandloudones.Eachpersonisdifferent.AsDr.MitchellGrayson,aprofessorattheMedicalCollegeofWisconsininMilwaukee,explains,“Somepeoplehavebouts(一陣)ofsneezing.It'saneurologicreflex,anditdependsontheperson.Somepeoplemayhave10to20sneezesinarow.”Itusuallydependsonthelevelofirritationinyournose,becauseyou'llkeepsneezinguntilyougetitout.Thesayingthatyoureyeswillpopoutofyourheadifyousneezewiththemopenisfalse.Oureyesshuttingtightwhenwesneezeissimplyareflex,muchlikeourleggoingupwhenourkneeistapped.Itdoesn'treallyhaveagoodreason一itjusthappens.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stifle”inparagraph2probablymean?A．StopB．RelaxC．StrengthenD．Change29．Whatisthepurposeofthethirdparagraph?A．Tointroduceanewtopic B．TosupportthesecondparagraphC．Tosummarizepreviousparagraphs D．Tohighlightthemainideaofthetext30．Whataffectsaperson'scontinuoussneezing?A．Thepersonalhabits B．TheemotionalstateC．Thehealthcondition D．Thestimulationlevel31．Peopleshuttheireyeswhilesneezingbecause________.A．thepressurehasnowheretogo B．theydon'twanttohurttheirthroatC．theireyesmaypopout D．a(chǎn)protectivereflexhappens【參考答案】28．A29．B30．D31．D【題目考點(diǎn)分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。打噴嚏是生活中常見(jiàn)的事，然而有時(shí)候我們會(huì)受環(huán)境或情形所迫而抑制不打噴嚏。研究表明，抑制不打噴嚏對(duì)身體是有害的，而影響人們持續(xù)打噴嚏的因素取決于你鼻子的刺激程度。28．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Sometimesyoufeeltheurgetosneezewhenyou'reinameetingorduringthequietpartofaplayorconcert.”（有時(shí)候你在開(kāi)會(huì)或者演出或音樂(lè)會(huì)的安靜部分時(shí)會(huì)有打噴嚏的沖動(dòng)。）及“Youmightdoyourbestto”（你盡力要）“soyoudon'tsneeze”（這樣你就不打噴嚏了），可推知?jiǎng)澗€詞所在句的意思為你盡力遏制自己，這樣你就不打噴嚏了。選項(xiàng)A與文意相符，故選A。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butit'sbettertointerruptyourcoworkersandseatmatesthanriskhealthconsequences,sayresearchers.”（但研究人員表示，打斷同事和鄰居的談話比冒健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更好。）提出結(jié)論：憋住不打噴嚏是有害健康的。第三段第一句“AccordingtoacasedescribedinthejournalBMJCaseReports,a34-year-oldinLeicesterintheU.K.endeduphurtinghisthroatwhiletryingtoholdinaforcefulsneeze.”（根據(jù)《英國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》案例報(bào)道，英國(guó)萊斯特的一名34歲男子，在試圖用力憋住噴嚏時(shí)，結(jié)果喉嚨受傷。）通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明憋住不打噴嚏是對(duì)健康有害的。所以第三段是為了支持第二段所得出的結(jié)論。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Somepeoplemayhave10to20sneezesinarow.Itusuallydependsonthelevelofirritationinyournose,becauseyou'llkeepsneezinguntilyougetitout.”（有些人可能連續(xù)打10到20個(gè)噴嚏。這通常取決于你鼻子的刺激程度，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)一直打噴嚏，直到把它打出來(lái)。）可知，影響人們持續(xù)打噴嚏的因素取決于你鼻子的刺激程度。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Oureyesshuttingtightwhenwesneezeissimplyareflex,muchlikeourleggoingupwhenourkneeistapped.Itdoesn'treallyhaveagoodreason一itjusthappens.”（當(dāng)我們打噴嚏時(shí)，我們的眼睛緊閉只是一種反射，就像我們的膝蓋被拍打時(shí)，我們的腿抬起來(lái)一樣。它真地沒(méi)有一個(gè)好的理由，它只是發(fā)生了。）可知，打噴嚏閉眼睛只是一種反射，沒(méi)有一個(gè)好的理由。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D。D“Heavyhearts,likeheavycloudsinthesky,arebestrelievedbythelettingofalittlewater,theFrenchwriterAntoinedeRivarolwrote.ThislovelettertothecleansingbeautyofagoodcryisacomfortingthoughtatatimewhenthecontinuingstressoftheCOVID-19hasaddedheavinesstoeachofourlives.Scientifically,deRivarol'spoeticimagedoesn't,ifyou'llforgivethewordsusedinthepoem,holdwater.There'slimitedresearchoncrying,partlybecauseofthedifficultyofcopyingthebehaviorofrealcryinginalab.Butevenwithinthepreviousstudies,there'slittleevidencetosuggestthatcryingprovidesaphysiologicalcleansingofpoisonsinpeople'sbody.Psychologistsbelievethereliefofagoodcryconnectswithadifferentemotionalprocess.“Itseemsthatcryingoccursjustafterthepeakoftheemotionalexperience,andcryingisassociatedwiththisreturntohomeostasis:theprocessofmaintainingastablepsychologicalstate,”saidLaurenBylsma.Healsosaidholdingbacktearscanhavenegativephysicalconsequences,includingheadachesandmuscletension.Suchrestrictioncanalsolimitourexperiencesofjoy,gratitudeandotherpositiveemotionsifweavoidacknowledgingourfeelings.FormecryinghasbeeneasiersaidthandoneduringtheCOVID-19.Psychologistssayit'snormaltofeelstoppedupbythestressesofthepastyear.Weshouldfindopportunitiestoreleaseandprocessouremotions.Watchingatear-jerkingmovie,havinganemotionalconversationwithaclosefriend,andwritinginajournalarehealthywaystoelicitacry.Physicalactivitylikelight-footedwalkingorevendancingcanalsosignalourbodiestoreleasesomeemotionaltightness.Wecanthenopenuptotheflowoffeelingsthatleaveusfeelinglighterandrefreshed—likeaclearskyafterasoakingrain.32．Whatistheweaknessofthestudiesevercloneoncrying?A．Theywerecloneinalaboratorysetting.B．Theycaredlittleaboutdifferentformsofcrying.C．Theywerealwaysconcentratedonpeople'sdailylife.D．Theyshowedlittleaboutthepositivephysicaleffectofcrying.33．WhatisthefunctionofcryingaccordingtoLaurenBylsma?A．Curingpeopleoftheirdiseases. B．Keepingemotionallybalanced.C．Producingnegativementalresults. D．Expandingpeople'sexperienceofjoy.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elicit”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Produce. B．Postpone. C．Control. D．Repeat.35．Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoaccordingtothetext?A．Learntoholdbacktheirtearswisely. B．Sharetheiremotionwiththeircolleagues.C．Haveagoodcrywhennecessary. D．Trytoavoidadmittingourfeelings.【參考答案】32．D33．B34．A35．C【題目考點(diǎn)分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?？奘且环N心理過(guò)程，哭可以讓人釋放壓力，在生理方面和心理方面都對(duì)人有益處。本文主要闡述了這些益處。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“There'slimitedresearchoncrying,partlybecauseofthedifficultyofcopyingthebehaviorofrealcryinginalab.Butevenwithinthepreviousstudies,there'slittleevidencetosuggestthatcryingprovidesaphysiologicalcleansingofpoisonsinpeople'sbody.(關(guān)于哭泣的研究有限，部分原因是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里很難模仿真實(shí)哭泣的行為。但即使在之前的研究中，也沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明哭泣可以從生理上清除人體內(nèi)的毒素)”可知，之前的一些有關(guān)哭的研究幾乎沒(méi)有關(guān)注哭的生理排毒作用。故選D。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中““Itseemsthatcryingoccursjustafterthepeakoftheemotionalexperience,andcryingisassociatedwiththisreturntohomeostasis:theprocessofmaintainingastablepsychologicalstate,”saidLaurenBylsma.(LaurenBylsma說(shuō)：“似乎哭泣發(fā)生在情緒經(jīng)歷的頂峰之后，哭泣與恢復(fù)體內(nèi)平衡有關(guān)，即保持穩(wěn)定心理狀態(tài)的過(guò)程?！?”可知，LaurenBylsma認(rèn)為哭的作用是保持情緒平衡。故選B。34．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞上文“Watchingatear-jerkingmovie,havinganemotionalconversationwithaclosefriend,andwritinginajournalarehealthywaysto”可知，觀看電影、跟朋友聊天和寫(xiě)日記都是引發(fā)哭的健康方式。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“引誘，探出，產(chǎn)生”。A.Produce.引發(fā)；B.Postpone.推遲；C.Control.控制；D.Repeat.重復(fù)。故選A。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Psychologistsbelievethereliefofagoodcryconnectswithadifferentemotionalprocess.“Itseemsthatcryingoccursjustafterthepeakoftheemotionalexperience,andcryingisassociatedwiththisreturntohomeostasis:theprocessofmaintainingastablepsychologicalstate,”saidLaurenBylsma.Healsosaidholdingbacktearscanhavenegativephysicalconsequences,includingheadachesandmuscletension.Suchrestrictioncanalsolimitourexperiencesofjoy,gratitudeandotherpositiveemotionsifweavoidacknowledgingourfeelings.(心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，哭得痛快時(shí)的放松與另一種情緒過(guò)程有關(guān)。LaurenBylsma說(shuō)：“似乎哭泣發(fā)生在情緒經(jīng)歷的頂峰之后，哭泣與恢復(fù)體內(nèi)平衡有關(guān)，即保持穩(wěn)定心理狀態(tài)的過(guò)程。”他還說(shuō)，忍住眼淚會(huì)對(duì)身體產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，包括頭痛和肌肉緊張。如果我們避免承認(rèn)自己的感受，這種限制也會(huì)限制我們對(duì)快樂(lè)、感激和其他積極情緒的體驗(yàn))”可推知，忍住眼淚對(duì)身體有害，所以人們應(yīng)該在必要時(shí)大哭一場(chǎng)。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MaybeyouhaveafairlygoodcommandoftheEnglishlanguage.AreyoulookingforaplacetopracticeandimproveyourEnglishskills?36．Getprepared.Thereisnoneedtostartfromthebeginning.37．So,pickoutsomethingfromyourlistofthingsthatyouneedtolearn.Takeafewminutestodecidewhyyouwanttolearnthisinformationandmakesurethatyoufocusonthatparticularpointwhilestudying.Youcanalsotakenoteofotherinterestingthings,butnow,focusonthetaskathand!Findwaystopractice.Nowthatyouknowwhatyouwanttolearn,jumpovertoGoogleorYahooanddoaquicksearchonyourchosentopicofinterest.38．Thesesiteswillprovideyouwithtoolsandresourcessuchasaudioandvideofilestopracticewhatyouwanttolearn.39．Youstudiedwhatyouwantedtolearnandnowyouneedtouseitinreal-lifesituations.Usewhatyoujustlearnedonyourfriendsandfamily.Trytouseitatleastthirtytimestoreallyunderstanditwellandmakeitapartofyou.Makeevaluations.Onceyoufinishaday'swork,sitdownforafewminutesandevaluatehowyoudid.40．Areyoustillweakincertainareasofthistopic?IfyouareverydeterminedtolearnEnglish,takenoteofthesethings.Startmakingplansnowandstartpracticingittomorrow.Makesureyoudothesefourstepseverydayandyouwillseeyourskillsprogressingsteadily.A．Putwhat'slearnedintouse.B．Thefollowingstepsaresuretohelpyou.C．Didyoulearneverythingthatisrequired?D．Justcheckupandfindoutwhereyouareweak.E.Fromthere,youshouldbeabletofindsomesites.F.Whyshouldyouusewhatyoulearnedonyourfriends?G.YoucanfindpartnersonlinetohelpyoulearnEnglish.【參考答案】36．B37．D38．E39．A40．C【題目考點(diǎn)分析】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何提高英語(yǔ)技巧的四個(gè)步驟。36．上文“AreyoulookingforaplacetopracticeandimproveyourEnglishskills?”詢問(wèn)你是否正在尋找練習(xí)和改善英語(yǔ)技巧的方法，從下文四段已給出的段首來(lái)看“Getprepared.”“Findwaystopractice.”“Makeevaluations.”都是具體的建議，可見(jiàn)此處選擇“Thefollowingstepsaresuretohelpyou.”（下面幾個(gè)步驟肯定能幫助你）能起到承上啟下的作用。故選B。37．上文“Thereisnoneedtostartfromthebeginning.”表示沒(méi)有必要從頭開(kāi)始，而D選項(xiàng)表示只要從你薄弱的地方入手（“Justcheckupandfindoutwhereyouareweak.”）進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明沒(méi)必要從頭開(kāi)始，此處的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)與下文的“So,pickoutsomethingfromyourlistofthingsthatyouneedtolearn.”（因此，從你必須學(xué)的事情清單中挑選出一樣）構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選D。38．下文的“Thesesiteswillprovideyouwithtoolsandresourcessuchasaudioandvideofilestopracticewhatyouwanttolearn.”表示這些網(wǎng)站將給你提供像視頻或音頻文件之類的工具和資源來(lái)幫助你練習(xí)你想學(xué)習(xí)的東西。可見(jiàn)前面一句必然提到一些網(wǎng)站，選項(xiàng)E的“Fromthere”承接前面一句的“GoogleorYahoo”，而“findsomesites”和后面的“thesesites”相呼應(yīng)。故選E。39．空處位于段首，概括全段。后文“Youstudiedwhatyouwantedtolearnandnowyouneedtouseitinreal-lifesituations.”講的是你學(xué)過(guò)了你想學(xué)習(xí)的東西，而現(xiàn)在你需要把它應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中?？梢?jiàn)這一段講的都是要學(xué)以致用。故選A。40．本段的主題是講要做評(píng)估（Makeevaluations）。前文“Onceyoufinishaday'swork,sitdownforafewminutesandevaluatehowyoudid.”表明一旦你結(jié)束了一天的工作，需要坐幾分鐘，評(píng)估一下你學(xué)的怎么樣。后文“Areyoustillweakincertainareasofthistopic?”是對(duì)自己學(xué)習(xí)的具體評(píng)價(jià)，可見(jiàn)中間一句也是對(duì)自己的評(píng)估。選項(xiàng)C“Didyoulearneverythingthatisrequired?”（你學(xué)了需要學(xué)的所有東西嗎？）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Youcanlearnalotsittinginaparkinglot.Oneday,Iwassittinginmycarwithmysonwaitingformywifewhowasinthe41.Iwouldlookupand42whatwasgoingonoutside.Then,Inoticedabrandnewbrightredcarparknexttomycar.Awell-dressedwomansteppedoutofit.Shelooked43withaseriouslookandhereyeswerehiddenbehindsunglasses.Iwatchedherassheheadedforthesamesupermarketand44whatherlifewaslike.Afterawhile,atruckparkedontheothersideoftheredcar.It45ofburningoilandprobablydidn’t