初一上英語語法知識及習(xí)題學(xué)生

七年級上冊英語語法知識及習(xí)題定冠詞的用法1）用于指談話雙方都知道的人或事物Openthedoor,please.請把門打開。2）用以復(fù)述上文提過的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）Ihaveapencil,thepencilisgreen,我有一支鉛筆，這支鉛筆是綠色的。3）用在序數(shù)詞前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月份是一年當(dāng)中的第一個月。4）表示世界上宇宙中獨(dú)一無二的事物thesun太陽themoon月亮theearth地球thesky天空theworld世界5）表示演奏樂器時，樂器的前面要加theplaythepiano彈鋼琴playtheviolin拉小提琴零冠詞的用法1）專有名詞前一般不加冠詞Tom湯姆China中國Europe歐洲2）月份、周日、節(jié)日前一般不加冠詞January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣誕節(jié)Thanksgiving感恩節(jié)NationalDay國慶節(jié)MayDay勞動節(jié)比較：...onaSundaymorning.在一個星期天的早晨…（表示某一個。）3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠詞Ihavelunchatschool.我在學(xué)校吃午餐。4）球類運(yùn)動不加冠詞playbasketball打籃球playvolleyball打排球playfootball踢足球時態(tài)概說在英語中，不同時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，要用不同的動詞形式來表示，這種動詞的不同形式稱為時態(tài)。I皿14thisyear.今年我14歲。Iwas13lastyear.去年我13歲。Heplayssoccereveryday他每天都踢足球。Heplayedsocceryesterday.昨天他踢足球了。英語中共有16種時態(tài)，常用的有9種。一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，如：Heis12.Sheisathome.表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作，如：Igotoschoolat7:30everyday.表示主語具備的性格和能力等，如：Shelikesapples.TheyknowEnglish.動詞的種類動詞分為四種：連系動詞，實(shí)義動詞，助動詞，情態(tài)動詞1）連系動詞：詞義不完全，要和后面的表語一塊構(gòu)成謂語。如be（am,isare）是，sound聽起來，look看起來Sheismysister.Thatsoundsinteresting.聽起來很有趣。2）實(shí)義動詞，有實(shí)際意義的動詞，能單獨(dú)做謂語。如see,ask,likeIlikebananas.3）助動詞：本身沒有詞義，幫助實(shí)義動詞一起構(gòu)成否定句，疑問句。如do,doesIdon'tlikechicken.Doeshelikeapples4）情態(tài)動詞；本身具有一定意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和實(shí)義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。can,能，會，must，必須，情態(tài)動詞后一定要用動詞原形。IcanspeakEnglish.Imustfindit.我一定要找到它動詞be的用法be的用法口訣我用am，你用are，is連著他，她，它；單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄。變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記。疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。Be動詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)用am,?is,?are?填空：Iastudent.youastudentNo,Inot.2.ThegirlJack'ssister.3.Thedogtallandfat.4.Themanateacher.5.yourbrotherintheclassroom6.Where yourmotherShe athome.7.7.How yourfather8.8.JaneandTom myfriends9.9.Where _mypen10.10.Where mybooks11.11.That myredskirt.12.12.WhoI13.13.Thejeans__ onthedesk.14.14.Here aphotoofmyfamily.15.15.Here somesweatersforyou.16.TheblackbookforSuYang.17.Thispairofsocks20dollars.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.Someteaintheglass.HowmuchtheskirtHowmuchthetrousersMysister'snameNancy.DavidandHelenfromEnglandThereagirlintheroom.You,heandIfromChina.句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法一.肯定句變否定句句子中有be，在be后加not。)Iamastudent.fIamnotastudent.Theyareblue.f Theyaren'tblue.HeisTom.fHeisn,tTom謂語是動詞原形，在動詞前加don,t。)Ihaveabook.fIdon,thaveabook.TheylikeChinese.fTheydon,tlikeChinese.WecomefromChina.fWedon'tcomefromChina.3謂語動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)，在動詞前加doesn't,動詞用原形。1)Shehasabasketball.fShedoesn'thaveabasketball2)MarialikesChina.fMariadoesn'tlikeChina.3)JanecomesfromthefJanedoesn'tcome練習(xí)：將下列句子變成否定句。Iamateacher.fIateacher.Wearestudents.fWestudents.Janeisagirl.fJaneagirl.TheylikeEnglish.fTheylikeChineseIcomefromChina.fIcomefromChina.HelikesChinese.fHelikeChinese.MariacomesfromCuba.fMariacomefromCuba.WeknowMaria.fWeknowMaria二.肯定句變一般疑問句句子中有be,把be提到句首Iamastudent.fAreyouastudentTheyareblue.fAretheyblueHeisTom.fIsheTom.謂語是動詞原形，在句首加do。.Ihaveabook.fDoyouhaveabookTheylikeChinese.fDotheylikeChineseWecomefromChina.fDoyoucomefromChina.謂語動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)，在句首加Does,動詞用原形。Shehasabasketball.fDoesshehaveabasketballMarialikesChina.fDoesMarialikeChinaJanecomesfromthefDoesJanecomeSheknowsMaria.fDoessheknowMaria練習(xí):將下列句子變成一般疑問句。Iamateacher.ateacherTheyarestudents.studentsJaneisagirl.agirlTheylikeEnglish.theylikeEnglishIcomefromChina.youcomefromChinaHelikesChinese.heChineseMariacomesfromAmerica.MariafromAmericaWespeakChinese.youChinese三.一般疑問句做肯定，否定回答.AreyouMaria肯定回答：Yes,Iam.否定回答：No,I’mnot..問句和答語的動詞保持一致.Areyouastudent肯：Yes,Iam.否：No,I’mnot.IsheJack肯：.否：DotheylikeChinese肯：.否：.Doesshehaveabasketball肯：.否：.3.問句和答語中的主語保持一致。(必須用主格)1肯:Yes,sheis.否:No，sheisn’t.DoesLiHuacomefromChina肯：.否：.DoJaneandMarialikeChina肯：.否：.Isthisaruler肯：.否：.Isthatadesk肯：.否：.Arethesebooks肯：.否：.Arethosepencils肯：.否：.Aretheseerasers肯：.否：.Isthatanorange肯：.否：.練習(xí)：給下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。AreyouastudentYes,.No,.DotheylikeEnglishYes,.No,.IsJaneagirlYes,.No,.DoesMarialikeChinaYes,.No,.IsJennyastudentYes,No,IsthatagirlYes,No,.ArethosetelephonesYes,No,.DoesTomknowJaneYes,No,.DotheycomefromYes,No,.IsthisaneggYes,No,四.對劃線部分提問.口訣：一選二變?nèi)龁柼枺阂贿x是分析句意，先選疑問詞，代替劃線部分（劃線部分去掉），二變是把剩余部分變成一般疑問句（疑問詞作主語時除外），第三步加上問號。練習(xí)：對劃線部分提問Theshoesareblack Sheismyteacher. Mykeysareonthesofa. Lilyisintheclassroom. Iamfine. ThatboyisTom. Hertelephonenumberis. Theskirtis12dollars Sheis12years01d. HisnameisJimGreen. MybirthdayisonDecember,24 1.MynameisNancy.yourname2.IamfromChina.youfromamfine.areyou.Miss.WangisourEnglishteacher.isyourEnglishteacher.Lucyistenyearsold.areyou.Itisyellow.isit？.Mytelephonenumberis5805000.yourtelephonenumber.Theyarecars.arethey.Thisis皿cap.capisthis.MyfavoritemoviestarisBruceLee.isyourfavoritemoviestar五.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換.PleasegiveJanethebook.PleasethebookJane.Thisismybook.ThisbookisHehasshorthair.isshort.Myrulerisnotlong.MyrulerisThisjacketisnotnew.ThisjacketisMyEnglishteacherisold.MyEnglishteacherisnot.六.單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換..將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù).TOC\o"1-5"\h\zItisabox. .Thisisaruler. .Thatisaneraser. .Heisastudent. ..將下列句子變成單數(shù)。.Theyarepencils. ..Theseareerasers. ..Theyareboys. ..Theyaregirls. ...Thosearebooks. ...Thesearedesks. ..Theseareboxes. ...Thosearecars. .六.仿照例句改寫下列句子。Sheisintheclassroom.否定句：Sheisnotintheclassroom.一般疑問句：Issheintheclassroom回答：Yes,sheis.(No,sheisn't)Iamastudent.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Thisismybook.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Theyareonthedesk.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： Thepenisred.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答：A.改寫句子Thosearemybooks.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 變單數(shù)： 劃線部分提問： Sheismygoodfriend.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 變復(fù)數(shù)： 劃線部分提問： Thepenisinthedesk.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 變復(fù)數(shù)： 劃線部分提問： 動詞have,has的用法用法一.have強(qiáng)調(diào)所屬關(guān)系，主語常為人或物。意為“有”當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，并且只有當(dāng)句子為肯定句時，動詞“有”用has，當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時，以及否定句和疑問句中用一律用have一.用have或has填空：Shesomeballs.Theyanicegarden.MissLidoesn,tanEnglishbook.WhatdoesMikeMyfatherastory-book。Myparentsdon,tanynicepictures.David,sfriendsabasketball.Davidsomejackets.二.仿照例句句型轉(zhuǎn)換：.Wehaveabaseball.①變一般疑問句Doyouhaveabaseball②肯定回答Yes,Ido.③否定回答No,Idon,t.④否定句 Wedon'thaveabaseball.⑤對劃線部分提問Whatdoyouhave.Davidhasaruler.①變一般疑問句DoesDavidhavearuler（注意has變成have）②肯定回答Yes,hedoes.③否定回答No,hedoesn't④否定句Daviddoesn'thavearuler.（注意has變成have）⑤對劃線部分提問WhatdoesDavidhave（注意has變成have）練習(xí)：.Erichassomenicephotos.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 .Herfriendshavemanybooks.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 .Ourschoolhasalibrary.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 4.Lucyhasanorangeskirt.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 用法二.Have和has除了意思為“有”外，還可以表示“吃或喝”1.吃早飯2.吃午飯3.吃晚飯用法三Have也可以和表示某種活動的名詞連用，意為“舉行”7.上課8.舉行生日聚會句型轉(zhuǎn)換.Ihavesomefishforluncheveryday.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 .Lilyhasapplesfordinner.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 （三）動詞like的用法仿照例句句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.Theylikeicecream.①變一般疑問句Dotheylikeicecream②肯定回答Yes,theyIdo.③否定回答No,theydon’t.④否定句 theydon,tlikeicecream.⑤對劃線部分提問Whatdotheylike2.Shelikesvegetables.①變一般疑問句Doesshelikevegetables（注意likes變成like）②肯定回答Yes,shedoes.③否定回答No,shedoesn’t.④否定句Shedoesn,tlikevegetables（注意likes變成like）⑤對劃線部分提問Whatdoesshelike練習(xí)：Ilikestrawberries.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 .youlikesalad.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 Lilylikesapples.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 Hisfatherlikespears.①變一般疑問句 ②肯定回答 ③否定回答 ④否定句 ⑤對劃線部分提問 句型轉(zhuǎn)換專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練Herphonenumberis2345167.（提問）phonenumberIamJimGreen.（同義句）JimGreen.ThisisanIDcard.（提問）inEnglishThisisJim,scard.（同義句）isJim,s.HerfamilynameisGreen.（同義句）HerisGreen.TheyareLucyandLily.（同義句）LucyandLily.MylastnameisGreenandfirstnameisJim.（同義句）He,sinClassOne.（提問）heinThisisaniceflower.（同義句）nice.That,smypencilcase.（變否定句）mypencilcase.Isthisyourdictionary（變復(fù)數(shù)句）yourAreyouateacher（做肯定回答）,.Fiveandtwoisseven.（提問）fiveandtwoThepencilisblue.（提問）thepencilLilyismyfriendandLucyismyfriend,too.（同義句）LucyandLily.Thisisagirl.（變復(fù)數(shù)句）girls.Thesearemyfriends.（變否定句）myfriends.MrsGreenisKate,smother.同義句）Kateis.ThoseareTom,sphotos.變單數(shù)句）Tom,sphotoThankyouforyourphotos.（同義句）yourphotos.ThoseareKate/spens.（同義句）Kate/s.She,smyaunt,sdaughter.變復(fù)數(shù)句）myaunt,s.Thatwoman'sJim'saunt（提問）thatwomana,is,family,this,of,photo,DavidK（連詞成句）Mybooksareinthebag.（變一般疑問句）booksinthebagHisbaseballisunderthechair.（變復(fù)數(shù)句）underthechair.Yourkeysarenexttothedoor.變單數(shù)句）Yournexttothedoor.Thesweaterisonthebed.（變一般疑問句）onthebedIneedahat.（變否定句）Iahat.Therearesomeapplesonthetree.（變一般疑問句）applesonthetreeIknowyourpenisblack.（變否定句）Iyourpenblack.Arethosebananasgreen（做肯定回答）,.Someapplesareonthebed.（提問）onthebedWecanseeabirdinthetree.（變一般疑問句）abirdinthetreeWehavesevenclasseseveryday.（變否定句）Wesevenclasseseveryday.Hehastwobasketballs.（變一般疑問句）twobasketballsShehasabrother.（變復(fù)數(shù)句）abrother.IsthereamapofChinainyourclass（同義句）yourclassamapofChinaHehasacomputergame.（變否定句）Heacomputergame.Marydoeshomeworkathome.（變一般疑問句）MaryhomeworkathomeSuehasasportscollection.（變一般疑問句）SueasportscollectionIhavesevenballs.（變否定句）Isevenball.Jimlikessports.（提問） JimLucyplaystheguitareveryday.（提問）LucyplaytheguitarThisgameisrelaxing.（同義句）isgame.Terryhaseightballs.（提問）ballsTerryhaveShehastwoeggsforbreakfast.（提問）sheforbreakfastThisisastrawberry.（變復(fù)數(shù)句） .MotherhasFrenchfriesandicecream.（變否定句）MotherFrenchfriesandicecream.TheydoMtlikehamburgers.（變一般疑問句）theyhamburgersSandraClarkisafamousrunningstar.（提問）SandraClarkThe