講義教案gmat數(shù)學(xué)

【GMATGMATAlgebra&arithmeticAbsolutevalue Add(addition)加Averagevalue算術(shù)平均值A(chǔ)lgebra代數(shù)Algebraic Arithmetic Arithmeticprogressionsequence)等差數(shù)列Approximate近似Abscissa橫坐標(biāo)Ordinate縱坐標(biāo)Binomial二項(xiàng)式Commonfactor公因子Commonmultiple公倍數(shù)Commondivisor公約數(shù)SimplefractionCommonfraction簡分?jǐn)?shù)Complexfraction繁分?jǐn)?shù)Commonlogarithm常用對數(shù)Commonratio Complexnumber復(fù)數(shù)Complexconjugate復(fù)共軛Compositenumber合數(shù)Primenumber質(zhì)數(shù)Consecutive Consecutiveeven(odd) Cross CoefficientCompletequadratic Complementary Coordinatesystem坐標(biāo)系Decimal小數(shù)Decimalpoint Decimalfraction Decimalarithmetic十進(jìn)制運(yùn)算Decimalsystem/decimalscaleDenominatorDifferenceDirect DivideDividedevenly被整除Differential微分Distinct不同的Dividend被除數(shù)，紅利Division除法Divisionsign除號Divisor因子，除數(shù)Divisible可被整除的Equivalentfractions等值分?jǐn)?shù)Equivalentequation等價(jià)方程式Equivalencerelation等價(jià)關(guān)系Eveninteger/number偶數(shù) EquationofthefirstdegreeEndpoint端點(diǎn)Estimation近似Factor因子FactorablequadraticequationpletequadraticequationFactorialFactorization因式分解Geometricmean幾何平均數(shù)Graphtheory圖論Inequality不等式Improperfraction假分?jǐn)?shù)Infinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)Inverseproportion反比Irrationalnumber無理數(shù)Infinitesimalcalculus微積分Infinity無窮大 Integerable可積分的Integral積分 Integrand被積函數(shù)Integratingfactor積分因子Inversefunction反函數(shù)Inverse/reciprocal倒數(shù)LeastcommondenominatorLeastcommonmultiple lcoefficientLiketerms同類項(xiàng)Linear線性的Minuend被減數(shù)Subtrahend被減數(shù)Mixeddecimal混合小數(shù)Mixednumber帶分?jǐn)?shù)Minor子行列式Multiplicand被乘數(shù)Multiplication乘法Multiplier乘數(shù)Monomial單項(xiàng)式Mean平均數(shù)Mode眾數(shù)Median中數(shù)Negative(positive) Nullset(emptyset)空集Numbertheory Numberline 數(shù)軸Numericalysis數(shù)值分析Naturallogarithm自然對數(shù)Naturalnumber自然數(shù) Originalequation原方程Ordinaryscale十進(jìn)制Ordinal序數(shù)Percentage百分比Parentheses括號Polynomial多項(xiàng)式Power乘方ProductProperfraction真分?jǐn)?shù)Proportion比例Permutation排列Propersubset真子集Primefactor質(zhì)因子Progression數(shù)列Quadrant象限Quadratic RatioRealnumber實(shí)數(shù)Roundoff四舍五入Roundto四舍五入Root根RadicalsignRootsignRecurring Similar Tens十位Tenths十分位Trinomial三相式Units個(gè)位UnitWeighted UnionYardWholenumberMutuallyexclusive互相排斥Independentevents相互獨(dú)立Probability概率 Standard RangeFrequencydistribution 定義域BargraphGeometryAnglebisector角平分線Adjacentangle鄰角Alternateangel內(nèi)錯(cuò)角Acuteangle銳角Obtuseangle鈍角Bisect角平分線Adjacent ArcAltitude Complex Convex(concave) Complementary Cube立方體Centralangle圓心角Circle圓Clockwise順時(shí)鐘方向Counterclockwise逆時(shí)鐘方向Chord弦Circularcylinder圓柱體Congruent全等的Correspondingangle同位角Circumferenceperimeter)周長Concentriccircles同心圓Circlegraph扇面圖Cone(V=pai*r^2*h/3)Circumscribe外切Inscribe內(nèi)切Diagonal對角線Decagon十邊形Hexagon六邊形Nonagon九邊形Octagon八邊形Pentagon五邊形 l四邊形Polygon多邊形 Edge棱Equilal Exterior(interior) ExtentExterioranglesonthesamesideofthetransversal Intercept截距Includedangle夾角Intersect相交Inscribedtriangle內(nèi)接三角形Isoscelestriangle等腰三角形Midpoint中點(diǎn)Minoraxis短軸Origin原點(diǎn)Oblique斜三角形negeometry平面幾何Oblateness(ellipse)橢圓Parallelogram平行四邊形Parallellines平行線Perpendicular垂直的Pythagoreantheorem勾股定理Piechart扇圖Quadrihedron三角錐Radius半徑Rectangle長方形Regular Rightcircularcylinder直圓柱體Righttriangle Rightangle直角Rectangularsolid正多面體Regularprism正棱柱Regularpyramid正棱錐Regular SlopeSpheresurfacearea=4pair^2V=4pair^33)Side邊長Segmentofacircle Solid Straight 平角（180度Supplementaryangle補(bǔ)角Scalenecylinder斜柱體Scalenetriangle不等邊三角形Trapezoid梯形VolumeWidthVerticalangleWordproblemApiecePercapita每人Decreaseto減少到Decreaseby減少了Brace雙Cardinal基數(shù)Cent美分Nickel五美分Dime一角Penny一美分Downpayment定金，預(yù)付金Simpleinterest單利Compoundedinterest復(fù)利Foot英尺DozenGross=12dozen羅Gallon4quart加侖Fahrenheit華氏溫度Depth深度Discount折扣Cumulativegraph累計(jì)圖Interest利息MarginProfitRetailpricePintScoreCommonyearIntercalaryyear(leapyear)QuarterGMATquartilemedianmedian,hehe就是將所有的統(tǒng)計(jì)標(biāo)本按順序排列,再從頭到尾分為個(gè)數(shù)相同的4堆quartile就是第一堆的最后一個(gè),或是第二堆的第一個(gè)題目中,50個(gè)數(shù),median2526個(gè)同樣,quartile是第1213個(gè),thethirdquartile3738個(gè)至于到底是37還是38,GRE不會(huì)為難你的,這兩個(gè)數(shù)肯定一樣Quartile的說明：Quartile（四分位數(shù)0Quartile實(shí)際為通常所說的最小值（MINimum）第1個(gè)Quartile（En：1stQuartile）2Quartile實(shí)際為通常所說的中分位數(shù)（中數(shù)、二分位分、3Quartile（En：3rd第4個(gè)Quartile實(shí)際為通常所說的最大值（1st3rdQuartile不了解外，對其他幾個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)量的求法都是比較熟悉的了，而求1st、3rd是比較麻煩的，下面以求1rd為例:（n個(gè)數(shù)1stn個(gè)數(shù)從小到大排列，求(n-1)/4i1stQuartile為：(i+1個(gè)數(shù))*(4-j)/4+(i+2個(gè) 商0，余數(shù)1st=1個(gè)數(shù)*4/4+2個(gè)數(shù) 商0，余數(shù)1st=1個(gè)數(shù)*3/4+2個(gè)數(shù) 商0，余數(shù)1st=1個(gè)數(shù)*2/4+2個(gè)數(shù) 商0，余數(shù)1st=1個(gè)數(shù)*1/4+2個(gè)數(shù)3rd1rd的位置對稱，這是可以將序列從大到小排（即倒過來排再用1rd的即可求得：序列標(biāo)題:Percentile發(fā)信站:BBS水木站(ThuNov2310:47:02ETS明確規(guī)定Percentile是一定要求的一個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)量，不知道有GPercentilePercentile的計(jì)算比較復(fù)雜，所以我在此對Percentile的求法詳述，以方便GPercentile:percentbelow用概念來說沒什么用，而且易讓人糊涂，所以在此我歸納出一個(gè)以供G友參考。n個(gè)數(shù)，要求（k%）從小到大排序，求(n-1)*k%，記整數(shù)部分為i，小數(shù)部分為j（1）j為0，即(n-1)*k%恰為整數(shù)，則結(jié)果恰為第(i+1)注意：我前面提到的Quartile也可用這種方法計(jì)算，1stQuartilek%=25%2ndQuartile的k%=50%3rdQuartile80｝16(1-0.5)*5個(gè)數(shù)＋0.5*6個(gè)數(shù) （3rd(1-0.25)*12個(gè)數(shù)+0.25*13個(gè)數(shù)標(biāo)題:發(fā)信站:BBS水木站(SatDec1620:54:44代數(shù)naturalnumberpositivenumbernegativenumber負(fù)數(shù)oddinteger,oddnumber奇數(shù)eveninteger,evennumber偶數(shù)integer,wholenumber整數(shù)positivewholenumber正整數(shù)negativewholenumber負(fù)整數(shù)consecutivenumber連續(xù)整數(shù)realnumber,rationalnumber實(shí)數(shù),有理數(shù)irrational（number）無理數(shù)inverse倒數(shù)compositenumber合數(shù)e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…primenumber質(zhì)數(shù)e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocalcommondivisormultiple倍數(shù)(minimum)commonmultiple(最小)公倍數(shù)(prime)factor質(zhì))因子commonfactor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十進(jìn)制nonnegative非負(fù)的tens十位units個(gè)mode眾數(shù)meanmedian中值commonratio公比arithmeticmean算術(shù)平均值weightedaverage加權(quán)平均值geometricmean幾何平均數(shù)exponent指數(shù)，冪base乘冪的底數(shù),底邊cube立方數(shù)，立方體squarerootcuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用對數(shù)digit數(shù)字constant常數(shù)variable變量inversefunction反函數(shù)complementaryfunction余函數(shù)linear一次的，線性的factorization因式分absolutevalue絕對值，e.g.-32=32roundoff四舍五入addplus加subtract減difference差multiply,times乘product積divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividenddivisor因子,quotient商remainder余數(shù)factorial階乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根號roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入 代數(shù)項(xiàng) 同類項(xiàng)numericalcoefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)li lcoefficient字母系數(shù)inequality不等式triangleinequality三角不等式range值域originalequation 原方程equivalentequation 程linearequation線性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)proper 真分 improper 假分 number帶分?jǐn)?shù)vulgarfractioncommonfraction普通分?jǐn)?shù)simplefraction簡分?jǐn)?shù)complexfraction繁分?jǐn)?shù)numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator（最?。┕帜竡uarterdecimalfractioninfinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)recurringdecimal循環(huán)小數(shù)tenthsunit十union并集propersubset真子集solutionsetarithmeticprogression(sequence)等差數(shù)列g(shù)eometricprogression(sequence)等比數(shù)列approximate近似 (anti)clockwise(逆)順時(shí)針方向 基數(shù)ordinal序數(shù)directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估計(jì)，近似parentheses括號proportion比例 表格trigonometricfunction三角函數(shù)unit單位,位幾何角alternateangle內(nèi)錯(cuò)角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle對頂角centralangleinteriorangle內(nèi)角exteriorangle外角supplementaryangles補(bǔ)角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle鄰角acuteangle銳角obtuseangle鈍角rightangle直角roundanglestraightangle平角includedangle夾角equilaltriangle等邊三角形scalenetriangle不等邊三角形isoscelestrianglerighttriangleoblique斜三角形inscribedtriangle內(nèi)接三角形semicircle半圓concentriccircles同心圓quadrilal四邊形pentagonhexagonheptagonoctagon八邊形nonagon九邊形decagon十邊形polygon多邊形parallelogram平行四邊形equilal等邊形ne平面square正方形，平方rectangle長方形regularpolygon正多邊形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形arcline,straightlinelinesegmentparallellines平行線segmentofacircle弧形cuberectangularsolid長方體regularsolid/regularpolyhedroncircularcylindercone圓錐sphere球體solid立體的negeometry平面幾何trigonometry三角學(xué)bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe內(nèi)切intersect相交perpendicular垂直 Pythagoreantheorem勾股定理（定理）congruent全等的multila l多邊的altitude高depth深度side邊長circumference,perimeter周長radian弧度surfacearea表面積 volume體積 arm直角三角形的股 section橫截面centerofacircle圓心chord弦diameter直徑radius半徑anglebisector角平分線 diagonal對角線edge faceofasolid 立體的面hypotenuse斜邊includedside夾邊leg三角形的直角邊media（三角形的中線base底邊，底數(shù)（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底數(shù)） opposite直角三角形中的對邊midpoint中點(diǎn) endpoint端點(diǎn) vertex(復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices)頂點(diǎn)tangenttransversal截線interceptcoordinatesystem坐標(biāo)系rectangularcoordinate直角坐標(biāo)系origin原點(diǎn)abscissa橫坐標(biāo)ordinate縱坐標(biāo)numberline數(shù)軸quad