2023年6月六級(jí)試題及答案

2023年6月20日六級(jí)真題PartI Writing(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOntheImportanceofaName.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.有人說名字或名稱很重要2.也有人覺得名字或名稱無關(guān)緊要3.我認(rèn)為…OntheImportanceofaName__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HelicopterMomsvs.Free-RangeKidsWouldyouletyourfourth-graderridepublictransportationwithoutanadult?Probablynot.Still,whenLenoreSkenazy,acolumnistfortheNewYorkSun,wroteaboutlettinghersontakethesubwayalonetogetbacktoherManhattanhomefromadepartmentstoreontheUpperEastSide,shedidn’texpecttogethitwithawaveofcriticismfromreaders.“Longstoryshort:Mysongothome,overjoyedwithindependence,”SkenazywroteonApril4intheNewYorkSun.“Longstorylonger:HalfthepeopleI’vetoldthisepisodetonowwanttoturnmeinforchildabuse.Asifkeepingkidsunderlockandkeyandcellphoneandcarefulwatchistherightwaytorearkids.It’snot.It’sdebilitating(使虛弱)—forusandforthem.”O(jiān)nlinemessageboardsweresoonfullofpeoplebothapplaudingandcondemningSkenazy’sdecisiontolethersongoitalone.ShewoundupdefendingherselfonCNN(accompaniedbyherson)andonpopularblogsliketheHuffingtonPost,whereherfollow-uppiecewasironicallyheadlined“MoreFromAmerica’sWorstMom.”Theepisodehasignitedanotheroneofthosedebatesthatdividesparentsintovocalopposingcamps.Aremodernparentsneedlesslyoverprotective,oristheworldamorecomplicatedanddangerousplacethanitwaswhenpreviousgenerationswereallowedtowanderaboutunsupervised?Fromthe“she’sanirresponsiblemother”campcame:“Shameonyouforbeingsocarelessabouthissafety,”incommentsontheHuffingtonPost.Andtherewasthisfromamotheroffour:“Howwouldyouhavefeltifhedidn’tcomehome?”ButSkenazygotalotofsupport,too,withwomenandmenwritinginwithstoriesabouthowtheywereallowedtotaketripsallbythemselvesatsevenoreight.Shealsogotheapsofpraiseforbuckingthe“helicopterparent”trend:“GoodforthisMom,”onecommenterwroteontheHuffingtonPost.“Thisisamuch-neededrealitycheck.”Lastweek,encouragedbyalltheattention,Skenazystartedherownblog—FreeRangeKids—promotingtheideathatmodernchildrenneedsomeofthesameindependencethathergenerationhad.Inthegoodolddaysnine-year-oldbabyboomersrodetheirbikestoschool,walkedtothestore,tookbuses—andevensubways—allbythemselves.Herblog,shesays,isdedicatedtosensibleparenting.“AtFreeRangeKids,webelieveinsafekids.Webelieveincarseatsandsafetybelts.WedoNOTbelievethateverytimeschool-agechildrengooutside,theyneedasecurityguard.”Sowhyaresomeparentssonervousaboutlettingtheirchildrenoutoftheirsight?Arecitiesandtownslesssafeandkidsmorevulnerabletocrimeslikechildkidnapandsexualabusethantheywereinpreviousgenerations?Notexactly.NewYorkCity,forinstance,issaferthanit’severbeen;it’sranked136thincrimeamongallAmericancities.Nationwide,strangerkidnapsareextremelyrare;there’saone-in-a-millionchanceachildwillbetakenbyastranger,accordingtotheJusticeDepartment.And90percentofsexualabusecasesarecommittedbysomeonethechildknows.Mortalityratesfromallcauses,includingdiseaseandaccidents,forAmericanchildrenarelowernowthantheywere25yearsago.AccordingtoChildTrends,anonprofitresearchgroup,between1980and2023deathratesdroppedby44percentforchildrenaged5to14and32percentforteensaged15to19.Thenthere’sthewholequestionofwhethermodernparentsaremorewatchfulandnervousaboutsafetythanpreviousgenerations.Yes,someare.Partoftheproblemisthatwithwall-to-wallInternetandcablenews,everymissingchildcasegetssomuchairtimethatit’snotsurprisingevennormalparentalanxietycanbeamplified.Andmanymiddle-classparentshavegottenusedtomanagingtheirchildren’stimeandshuttlingthemtovariousenrichingactivities,sotheideaoflettingthemoutontheirowncanseemlikearisk.Backin1972,whenmanyoftoday’sparentswerekids,87percentofchildrenwholivedwithinamileofschoolwalkedorbikedeveryday.Buttoday,theCentersforDiseaseControlreportthatonly13percentofchildrenbike,walkorotherwisegetthemselvestoschool.Theextrasupervisionisbothacityandasuburbanphenomenon.Parentsareworriedaboutcrime,andthey’reworriedaboutkidsgettingcaughtintrafficinacitythat’snotusedtopedestrians.Ontheotherhand,therearestillplentyofkidswhoseparentsgivethemalotofindependence,bychoiceorbynecessity.TheAfterSchoolAlliancefindsthatmorethan14millionkidsaged5to17areresponsiblefortakingcareofthemselvesafterschool.Only6.5millionkidsparticipateinorganizedprograms.“Manychildrenwhohaveworkingparentshavetotakethesubwayorbustogettoschool.Manydothisbythemselvesbecausetheyhavenootherwaytogettotheirschools,”saysDr.RichardGallagher,directoroftheParentingInstituteattheNewYorkUniversityChildStudyCenter.Forthoseparentswhowonderhowandwhentheyshouldstartallowingtheirkidsmorefreedom,there’snoclear-cutanswer.Childexpertsdiscourageaone-size-fits-allapproachtoparenting.What’srightforSkenazy’snine-year-oldcouldbeinappropriateforanotherone.Italldependsondevelopmentalissues,maturity,andthepsychologicalandemotionalmakeupofthatchild.Severalfactorsmustbetakenintoaccount,saysGallagher.“Theabilitytofollowparentguidelines,thechild’slevelofcomfortinhandlingsuchsituations,andachild’sgeneraljudgmentshouldbeweighed.”GallagheragreeswithSkenazythatmanynine-year-oldsarereadyforindependenceliketakingpublictransportationalone.“Atcertaintimesoftheday,oncertainroutes,thesubwaysaregenerallysafeforthesechildren,especiallyiftheyhavegrownupinthecityandhavebeentaughthowtobesafe,howtoobtainhelpiftheyareconcernedfortheirsafety,andhowtoavoidunsafesituationsbybeingwatchfulandontheirtoes.”Butevenwithmoretrafficandfewersidewalks,modernparentsdohaveoneadvantagetheirparentsdidn’t:thecellphone.Beingabletocheckinwithachildanytimegoesalongwaytowardrelievingparentalanxietyandmayhelpparentsloosentheircontrolalittlesooner.Skenazygotalotofcriticismbecauseshedidn’tgiveherkidhercellphonebecauseshethoughthe’dloseitandwantedhimtolearntogoitalonewithoutdependingonmom—amajorprincipleoffree-rangeparenting.Butmostparentsaremorethanhappytousecellphonestokeeptracksontheirkids.Andforthosewholiketheideaoffree-rangekidsbutstillstrugglewiththeirinnerhelicopterparent,theremaybeamiddleway.AnewgenerationofGPScellphoneswithtrackingsoftwaremakeiteasierthanevertofollowachild’severymovementviatheInternet—withoutseemingtointerfereorhover.Ofcourse,whentheygotocollege,theymightstartobjectingtobeingmonitoredasifthey’reonparole(假釋).1.WhenLenoreSkenazy’ssonwasallowedtotakethesubwayalone,he_______.[A]wasafraidthathemightgetlost[B]enjoyedhavingtheindependence[C]wasonlytoopleasedtotaketherisk[D]thoughthewasanexceptionalchild2.LenoreSkenazybelievesthatkeepingkidsundercarefulwatch_______.[A]hinderstheirhealthygrowth[B]addstoomuchtoparents’expenses[C]showstraditionalparentalcaution[D]bucksthelatestparentingtrend3.Skenazy’sdecisiontolethersontakethesubwayalonehasmetwith_______.[A]oppositionfromherownfamily[B]officialchargesofchildabuse[C]approvalfrompsychologists[D]somewhatmixedresponses4.Skenazystartedherownblogto_______.[A]promotesensibleparenting[B]shareparentingexperience[C]fightagainstchildabuse[D]protectchildren’sright5.Accordingtotheauthor,NewYorkCity_______.[A]rankshighinroadaccidents[B]ismuchsaferthanbefore[C]rankslowinchildmortalityrates[D]islessdangerousthansmallcities6.Parentstodayaremorenervousabouttheirkids’safetythanpreviousgenerationsbecause_______.[A]therearenowfewerchildreninthefamily[B]thenumberoftrafficaccidentshasbeenincreasing[C]theirfearisamplifiedbymediaexposureofcrime[D]crimerateshavebeenontheriseovertheyears7.Accordingtochildexperts,howandwhenkidsmaybeallowedmorefreedomdependson_______.[A]thetraditionsandcustomsofthecommunity[B]thesafetyconditionsoftheirneighborhood[C]theirparents’psychologicalmakeup[D]theirmaturityandpersonalqualities8.AccordingtoGallagherandSkenazy,childrenwhoarewatchfulwillbebetterabletostayawayfrom_____________________.9.Beingabletofindoutwhereachildisanytimehelpslessenparents’_____________________.10.NowadayswiththehelpofGPScellphones,parentscan,fromadistance,tracktheirchildren’s_____________________.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.11.[A]Fredforgottocallhimlastnightaboutthecampingtrip.

[B]HeisnotgoingtolendhissleepingbagtoFred.

[C]HehasnotseenFredatthegymforsometime.

[D]Fredmayhaveborrowedasleepingbagfromsomeoneelse.12.[A]Summerhasbecomehotterinrecentyears.

[B]Itwillcooldownabitovertheweekend.

[C]Swimminginapoolhasarelaxingeffect.

[D]Hehopestheweatherforecastisaccurate.13.[A]TakingapictureofProf.Brown.

[B]Commentingonanoil-painting.

[C]HostingaTVprogram.

[D]Stagingaperformance.14.[A]Shecanhelpthemantakecareoftheplants.

[B]Mostplantsgrowbetterindirectsunlight.

[C]Theplantsneedtobewateredfrequently.

[D]Theplantsshouldbeplacedinashadyspot.15.[A]Changetoamoreexcitingchannel.

[B]Seethemoviesomeothertime.

[C]Gotobedearly.

[D]Stayuptilleleven.16.[A]Bothofthemarelaymenofmodernart.

[B]Shehaslearnedtoappreciatemodernsculptures.

[C]Italianartists’worksaredifficulttounderstand.

[D]Modernartistsaregenerallyconsideredweird.17.[A]Theyseemsatisfiedwithwhattheyhavedone.

[B]Theyhavecalledallclubmemberstocontribute.

[C]Theythinkthedaycanbecalledamemorableone.

[D]Theyfindithardtoraisemoneyforthehospital.18.[A]Themanshouldn’thesitatetotakethecourse.

[B]Themanshouldtalkwiththeprofessorfirst.

[C]Thecourseisn’topentoundergraduates.

[D]Thecoursewillrequirealotofreading.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.[A]Currenttrendsineconomicdevelopment.

[B]Domesticissuesofgeneralsocialconcern.

[C]StoriesaboutBritain’srelationswithothernations.

[D]Conflictsandcompromisesamongpoliticalparties.20.[A]Basedonthepollsofpublicopinions.

[B]Byinterviewingpeoplewhofilecomplaints.

[C]Byanalyzingthedomesticandinternationalsituation.

[D]Basedonpublicexpectationsandeditors’judgment.21.[A]Underlyingrulesofediting.

[B]Practicalexperience.

[C]Audience’sfeedback.

[D]Professionalqualifications.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.[A]Theiraveragelifespanwaslessthan50years.

[B]Itwasverycommonforthemtohave12children.

[C]Theyretiredfromworkmuchearlierthantoday.

[D]Theywerequiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture.23.[A]Getreadyforecologicalchanges.

[B]Adapttothenewenvironment.

[C]Learntousenewtechnology.

[D]Explorewaystostayyoung.24.[A]Whenallwomengoouttowork.

[B]Whenfamilyplanningisenforced.

[C]Whenaworldgovernmentissetup.

[D]Whenallpeoplebecomewealthier.25.[A]Eliminatepovertyandinjustice.

[B]Migratetootherplanets.

[C]Controltheenvironment.

[D]Findinexhaustibleresources.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.[A]Tohelpyoungpeopleimprovetheirdrivingskills.

[B]Toalertteenagerstothedangersofrecklessdriving.

[C]Toteachyoungpeopleroadmannersthroughvideotapes.

[D]Toshowteensthepenaltiesimposedoncarelessdrivers.27.[A]Roadaccidents.

[B]Streetviolence.

[C]Drugabuse.

[D]Lungcancer.28.[A]Ithaschangedteens’wayoflife.

[B]Ithasmadeteensfeellikeadults.

[C]Ithasaccomplisheditsobjective.

[D]Ithasbeensupportedbyparents.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.[A]Customersmaygetaddictedtothesmells.

[B]Customersmaybemisledbythesmells.

[C]Ithidesthedefectsofcertaingoods.

[D]Itgivesrisetounfaircompetition.30.[A]Flexible.

[B]Critical.

[C]Supportive.

[D]Cautious.31.[A]Theflowerscentstimulatedpeople’sdesiretobuy.

[B]Strongersmellshadgreatereffectsonconsumers.

[C]Mostshoppershatedthesmellsintheshoestore.

[D]84%ofthecustomerswereunawareofthesmells.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32.[A]Agoodstrainhitabuscarryingmanypassengers.

[B]Twopassengertrainscrashedintoeachother.

[C]Apassengertraincollidedwithagoodstrain.

[D]Anexpresstrainwasderailedwhenhitbyabomb.33.[A]Therescueoperationshavenotbeenveryeffective.

[B]Morethan300injuredpassengerswerehospitalized.

[C]Thecauseofthetragicaccidentremainsunknown.

[D]Theexactcasualtyfiguresarenotyetavailable.34.[A]Therewasabombscare.

[B]Therewasaterroristattack.

[C]Afirealarmwassetoffbymistake.

[D]50poundsofexplosiveswerefound.35.[A]Followpolicemen’sdirections.

[B]Keepaneyeontheweather.

[C]Avoidsnow-coveredroads.

[D]Drivewithspecialcare.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Englishistheleadinginternationallanguage.Indifferentcountriesaroundtheglobe,Englishisacquiredasthemother(36)________,inothersit’susedasasecondlanguage.SomenationsuseEnglishastheir(37)________language,performingthefunctionof(38)________;inothersit’susedasaninternationallanguageforbusiness,(39)________andindustry.

Whatfactorsandforceshaveledtothe(40)________ofEnglish?WhyisEnglishnowconsideredtobesoprestigiousthat,acrosstheglobe,individualsandsocietiesfeel(41)________iftheydonothave(42)________inthislanguage?HowhasEnglishchangedthrough1,500years?Thesearesomeofthequestionsthatyou(43)________whenyoustudyEnglish.

YoualsoexaminetheimmensevariabilityofEnglishand(44)__________________________________________.Youdevelopin-depthknowledgeoftheintricatestructureofthelanguage.Whydosomenon-nativespeakersofEnglishclaimthatit’sadifficultlanguagetolearn,while(45)___________________________________________？AttheUniversityofSussex,youareintroducedtothenatureandgrammarofEnglishinallitsaspects.Thisinvolvesthestudyofsoundstructures,theformationofwords,thesequencingofwordsandtheconstructionofmeaning,aswellasexaminationofthetheoriesexplainingtheseaspectsofEnglishusage.(46)_____________________________________________________,whichareraisedbystudyinghowspeakersandwritersemployEnglishforawidevarietyofpurposes.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThereisnothingnewaboutTVandfashionmagazinesgivinggirlsunhealthyideasabouthowthintheyneedtobeinordertobeconsideredbeautiful.WhatissurprisingisthemethodpsychologistsattheUniversityofTexashavecomeupwithtokeepgirlsfromdevelopingeatingdisorders.Theirmainweaponagainstsuperskinny(role)models:abrandofcivildisobediencedubbed“bodyactivism”.Since2023,morethan1,000highschoolandcollegestudentsintheU.S.haveparticipatedintheBodyProject,whichworksbygettinggirlstounderstandhowtheyhavebeenbuyingintothenotionthatyouhavetobethintobehappyorsuccessful.Aftercritiquing(評(píng)論)theso-calledthinidealbywritingessaysandrole-playingwiththeirpeers,participantsaredirectedtocomeupwithandexecutesmall,nonviolentacts.Theyincludeslippingnotessaying“Loveyourbodythewayitis”intodietingbooksatstoreslikeBordersandwritingletterstoMattel,makersoftheimpossiblyproportionedBarbiedoll.AccordingtoastudyinthelatestissueoftheJournalofConsultingandClinicalPsychology,theriskofdevelopingeatingdisorderswasreduced61%amongBodyProjectparticipants.Andtheycontinuedtoexhibitpositivebody-imageattitudesaslongasthreeyearsaftercompletingtheprogram,whichconsistsoffourone-hoursessions.Suchlastingeffectsmaybyduetogirls’realizingnotonlyhowtheywerebeinginfluencedbutalsowhowasbenefitingfromthesocietalpressuretobethin.“Thesepeoplewhopromotetheperfectbodyreallydon’tcareaboutyouatall,”saysKelseyHertel,ahighschooljuniorandBodyProjectveteraninEugene,Oregon.“Theypurposefullymakeyoufeellikelessofapersonsoyou’llbuytheirstuffandthey’llmakemoney.”47.Wheredogirlsgetthenotionthattheyneedtobethininordertobeconsideredbeautiful?48.Bypromoting“bodyactivism,”UniversityofTexaspsychologistaimtopreventgirlsfrom.49.Accordingtotheauthor,Mattel’sBarbiedollsare.50.ThepositiveeffectsoftheBodyProjectmaylastupto.51.OneBodyProjectparticipantsaysthattherealmotiveofthosewhopromotetheperfectbodyisto.SectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtles(海龜)havestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlings(幼龜)downtothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingsitesontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticseaturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”–meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendonland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearstheyspendintheocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythethreatofrisingsealevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurs(恐龍)willmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowacreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.52.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat______.[A]humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurvive[B]effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingout[C]governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinction[D]marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction53.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness”(Line1,Para.2)?[A]Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.[B]Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.[C]Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.[D]Theturtlepopulationhasdecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.54.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?[A]Theirinadequatefoodsupply.[B]Unregulatedcommercialfishing.[C]Theirlowerreproductiveability.[D]Contaminationofseawater.55.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?[A]Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.[B]Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.[C]Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.[D]Ittakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperature.56.Thelastsentenceofthepassageismeantto______.[A]persuadehumanbeingstoshowmoreaffectionforturtles[B]stressthateventhemostuglyspeciesshouldbeprotected[C]callforeffectivemeasurestoensureseaturtles’survival[D]warnoutdescendantsabouttheextinctionofspeciesPassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Therearefewmoresoberingonlineactivitiesthanenteringdataintocollege-tuitioncalculatorsandgaspingastheWebspitsbackasix-figuresum.Buteconomistssayfamiliesabouttogointodebttofundfouryearsofpartying,aswellasstudying,canconsolethemselveswiththeknowledgethatcollegeisaninvestmentthat,unlikemanybankstocks,shouldyieldhugedividends.A2023studybytwoHarvardeconomistsnotesthatthe“l(fā)abor-marketpremiumtoskill”–ortheamountcollegegraduatesearnedthat’sgreaterthanwhathigh-schoolgraduatesearned–decreasedformuchofthe20thcentury,buthascomebackwithavengeance(報(bào)復(fù)性地)sincethe1980s.In2023,thetypicalfull-timeyear-roundU.S.workerwithafour-yearcollegedegreeearned$50,900,62%morethanthe$31,500earnedbyaworkerwithonlyahigh-schooldiploma.There’snoquestionthatgoingtocollegeisasmarteconomicchoice.Butalookatthestrangevariationsintuitionrevealsthatthechoiceaboutwhichcollegetoattenddoesn’tcomedownmerelytodollarsandcents.DoesgoingtoColumbiaUniversity(tuition,roomandboard$49,260in2023-08)yielda40%greaterreturnthanattendingtheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderasanout-of-statestudent($35,542)?Probablynot.Doesbeinganout-of-statestudentattheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderyieldtwicetheamountofincomeasbeinganin-statestudent($17,380)there?Notlikely.No,inthisconsumeristage,mostbuyersaren’tevaluatingcollegeasaninvestment,butratherasaconsumerproduct–likeacarorclothesorahouse.Andwithsuchpurchases,priceisonlyoneofmanycrucialfactorstoconsider.Aswithautomobiles,consumersintoday’scollegemarketplacehavevastchoices,andpeoplesearchfortheonethatgivesthemthemostcomfortandsatisfactioninlinewiththeirbudgets.Thisaccountsforthewillingnessofpeopletopaymorefordifferenttypesofexperiences