名詞性從句及經(jīng)典例題匯編

名詞性從句及經(jīng)典例題匯編名詞性從句及經(jīng)典例題匯編17/17PAGE17名詞性從句及經(jīng)典例題匯編名詞性從句及經(jīng)典例題匯編名詞性從句主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此這種從句叫名詞性從句。（一）主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句。一.that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that不做成分，也沒(méi)有意義，但不能省略。that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可用形式主語(yǔ)it代替，而把that從句置于句尾。Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.眾所周知，光沿直線傳播?？赊D(zhuǎn)換為：It’sknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.it用作形式主語(yǔ)，代替主語(yǔ)從句的句型。①it+be+形容詞+主語(yǔ)從句（這類(lèi)形容詞有probable,evident,likely,possible,important,necessary）Itiscertainthatfreemedicalcarewillbegiventomostpeopleinourcity.（譯）②it+be+名詞詞組+主語(yǔ)從句（這類(lèi)名詞有ashame,apity,anhonour等）Itisapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.③it+be+過(guò)去分詞+主語(yǔ)從句（announced,believed,reported,said,expected等）ItissaidthatLiHaohasbeentoEurope.④It+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)從句，這類(lèi)不及物動(dòng)詞有（seem,happen,appear）Itseemedthathedidn’ttellthetruth.二.whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句whether意為“是否”，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分。Whetherlifeexitsonotherplanetsisnotclear.其他星球上是否存在生命不清楚。三.連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Whichplanisbettershouldbediscussed.應(yīng)該談?wù)撃囊粋€(gè)計(jì)劃更好WhoevercomestoChinaiswelcome.無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)中國(guó)都?xì)g迎。四.連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)。Whenandwherewewillholdthemeetinghasn’tdecided我們何時(shí)何地舉行會(huì)議還沒(méi)決定。學(xué)習(xí)主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意：1.主語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序:主語(yǔ)從句為陳述語(yǔ)序，而不是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序。Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatthelittlegirlcouldplaytheviolinsowell。使我感到驚訝的是這個(gè)小女孩的小提琴拉得這么好。2.主語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致由that，where，when，why，how，whether，whenever等引導(dǎo)的單個(gè)名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)通常用單數(shù)形式。Thatweneedmorebooksisquiteobvious.我們需要更多的書(shū)，這是很顯然的但由and連接的多個(gè)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whatyousaidandwhatyoudidweredifferent。你言行不一。（二）賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有：連詞that，if/whether;連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever;連接副詞when,where,how,why等。一賓語(yǔ)從句的種類(lèi)1.動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句Hedoesno’tknowwherethepostofficeis.他不知道郵局在哪里。Makesureallthelightaareturnedoffbeforeyouleave.走之前務(wù)必要關(guān)燈。2.介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句通常情況下介詞之后只能接wh-類(lèi)連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，少數(shù)幾個(gè)介詞加except,but,beside,in等后可接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework?關(guān)于這工作我們?cè)撛趺醋鏊f(shuō)什么沒(méi)有？3.形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句在sure,certain,afraid,glad,happy,surprised,pleased,confident表示情感的形容詞后可接賓語(yǔ)從句。IamafraidthatIhavemadeamistake.恐怕我犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。Sheisverygladthatshehaspassedtheexam.她很高興她考試及格了。二學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意1.it做形式賓語(yǔ)在動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))enjoy,love,hate,appreciate,seeto,insiston,dependon,relyon等帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，習(xí)慣上在從句前加形式賓語(yǔ)it。Iwillapprciateitifyoucangivemeahand.如果你能幫我一把，我會(huì)很感激。2.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：賓語(yǔ)從句不論有連接代詞還是連接副詞引導(dǎo)，都要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。Canyoutellmewhoheis?你能告訴我他是誰(shuí)嗎？3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)若主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)不限，可視情形使用所需要的時(shí)態(tài)。若主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，則賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)與主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，即用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的適當(dāng)形式。IhearthatWenBowillgotoAmericannextyear.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)文博明年要去美國(guó)。Miketoldmethathehadhadlunch/hewashavinglunch/hewasgoingtohavelunch.邁克告訴我他吃過(guò)午飯了/他在吃午飯/他打算吃午飯。（三）表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句放在系動(dòng)詞的后面，在復(fù)合句中做句子的表語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有：連詞that,whether,asif;連接代詞who(whom),what,which,whose,whoever(whomever),whatever,whichever;連接副詞when,where,why;as,because也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句注意：在表語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”，用whether,不能用if。Theproblemiswhetheritistrue.問(wèn)題是它是否是真的。that在表語(yǔ)從句中不做成分，不可省。Ourplanisthatwe’llgothereonceaweek.我們的計(jì)劃是我們一周去哪里一次。that’swhy引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句：“那就是……的原因”（跟結(jié)果）ThatwaswhyIcamelate.that’sbecause引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句：“那是因?yàn)椤保ǜ颍㏕hatwasbecauseIgotuplate.thereasonwhy引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句：“……的原因是……”ThereasonwhyIcamelatewasthatIgotuplate.（四）同位語(yǔ)從句一定義在復(fù)合句中，跟在一個(gè)名詞后，對(duì)其進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明的從句叫同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在某些名詞的后面，用以解釋說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容。后面常跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：advice，proposal，suggestion（建議），belief（信仰），chance（機(jī)會(huì)），decision（決定），fact（事實(shí)），idea，opinion（觀點(diǎn)），message（信息），news，word（消息），plan（計(jì)劃），possibility（可能性），thought（想法），wish（祝愿），promise（承諾），order（命令），theory（理論），doubt（懷疑）等。Thereisnodoubtthatthepriceofwheatwillgoup。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，小麥的價(jià)格將會(huì)上漲。三同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別ThenewsthatChinawonthegamemademeexcited。中國(guó)贏得比賽的消息讓我很是激動(dòng)（同位語(yǔ)從句）Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue。你所聽(tīng)到的消息不真實(shí)。（定語(yǔ)從句）四學(xué)習(xí)同位語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意在有些名詞后的同位語(yǔ)從句中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，這些詞有：建議（suggestion；advice；proposal），要求（demand；requirement；request），決定（decision），命令（order），勸告（recommendation）等Thesuggestionthatanewbridge（should）bebuiltwasaccepted.修建一座新橋的建議被采納了名詞doubt后面的同位語(yǔ)從句，肯定時(shí)用whether，否定時(shí)用that引導(dǎo)。Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.我們懷疑他們能否按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。Thereisnodoubtthathewillkeephispromise.他將遵守諾言，這是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的。(五).名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)詞句法功能省略情況that不作任何句子成分引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句可以省略(從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省)what主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)不能省略名詞性從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1．Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but________hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why（2012安徽）2.Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy______children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.A.whyB.howC.whetherD.that（2012重慶）3.Itisbynomeansclear_____thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what（2012全國(guó)）4.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.A.whyB.howC.thatD.whether(2012北京)5.Wepromise_____attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever(2012福建)6.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_____suitsyoubest.(2012陜西)A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.wherever7.Itdoesn’tmatter_____youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why(2012山東)8.Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn’tmatter___youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.A.whyB.howC.whetherD.when(2012湖南)9.Itdoesn’tmatter____youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.A.whetherB.howC.ifD.when(2012天津)10Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim___hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that(2012江西)11Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor_____hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever(2012遼寧)12Scientistsstudy____humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.A.whenB.howC.thatD.whether(2012四川)13madeapromisetomyself____thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.(2012浙江)A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how14Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon_____themeetingwouldbepostponed.(2012江蘇)A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how15.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet____wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where（10全國(guó)）16.Theshockingnewsmadmerealize________terribleproblemswewouldface.（2011北京卷）A.what B.how C.that D.why17.Thereisclearevidence_____themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.(2011上海卷)A.what B.if C.how D.that18.Themessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeof_____othersactuallyunderstand.A.why B.that C.which D.what(2011上海卷)19.Iamafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishesanything.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why（2011山東卷）20.We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.（2011山東卷）A.where B.what C.whether D.which21.Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.（2011江西卷）A.this B.that C.what D.which22.Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.（2011江蘇卷）A.thatB.howC.whenD.why23.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.A.that B.how C.who D.what（2011安徽卷）24.Ourteachersalwaystellustobelievein________wedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.A.whyB.howC.whatD.which（2011四川卷）25.Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteach______toreadfirst.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why（2011遼寧卷）26.Whenthenewscame_____thewarbrokeout,hedecided,toserveinthearmy.（2011遼寧卷）A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.because27.Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence______smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where（2011天津卷）28.I’dliketostartmyownbusiness–that’s____I’ddoifIhadthemoney.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what（2011陜西卷）29.Itisstillunderdiscussion__________theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.A.whetherB.whenC.whichD.where（2011重慶卷）30.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee_______useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.that（2011重慶卷）31.Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvious______theproblemitselfis.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why(2011湖南卷)32.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave______wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.that B.which C.what D.whether（10福建）33Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew________shewassoangry.A.whereB.whether C.tha