2023年江蘇省南京市高考英語二模試卷-普通用卷

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023年江蘇省南京市高考英語二模試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A

PublicMarketFree-AdmissionSpecialEvents

FLOWERCITYDAYS

TheFlowerCityearnsshowcasingrightswhentheRochesterPublicMarketcomesaliveinMayandJunewithitsfamousbotanicalsales—rowuponrowofannuals，evergreens，bushesandgardendecorations.Allavailablejustintimeforspringplanting!Comewithyourgardenquestionsandgetanswersfromlocalmastergardeners.Bringplantcontainers，andtakesomehomethroughourgive-takeplantcontainerexchangeprogram!

ARTISTROW

ArtistRowisnotjustanaverageartshow.Withover180localartists，thiseventaddstothecreativityofourcommunity.Foodandlivemusictoo，freeadmission!Formoreinformation，goto，contact（585）428-7292ore-mailMarketfriends@

HOLIDAYSATTHEMARKET

Along-heldRochesterholidaytradition，HolidaysattheMarket，hasahistoryofover25years.Itfeaturesdozensofholiday-focusedstandswhereyoucanhuntforallkindsoftrees，holidayfoodsandgifts.Childreninourneighborhoodcanalsoenjoyhay（干草）ridesandcookiedecorating.

COMMUNITYYARDSALES

Imaginedozensofyardsales，alllineduptogethersoyoudon'thavetodrivefromplacetoplace.YouneednotimagineitbecauseyoucanseeitforyourselfattheMarket.Animpressiverangeofcollectables，likeoldfurniture，woodenVictorianclocksandallthosevaluables!CafesandshopsopenontheMarketandinthesurroundingMarketDistricttoo.Freeadmission1.WhatcanpeopledoatFLOWERCITYDAYS？______A.Enjoysomecoffeefreeofcharge.

B.Acquireknowledgeaboutgardening.

C.Attendanartshowwithlocalartists.

D.Purchaseholidaydecorationsandgifts.2.Whicheventbestsuitsantiquelovers？______A.FLOWERCITYDAYS. B.ARTISTROW.

C.HOLIDAYSATTHEMARKET. D.COMMUNITYYARDSALES.3.What'sthepurposeoftheseevents？______A.Topromotehand-madegoods. B.Toadvocategreenmarket.

C.Toencouragelocals'creativity. D.Toenrichcommunitylife.B"Dana，howareyoufeelingtoday？"Iask，myeyesclockingherdirtyuniform，andthedarkcirclesunderhereyes.

"OK，"Danamumbles（嘟囔）."Haveyoueatentoday？"

Shenods.Anotherlie.

"CanIgetyouanything？"ButwhatcouldIpossiblygether？Abedroomofherown？Afamilywithlove？"No，thanks."

Repeatedabsencefromschoolrecently.Shehaswornoutteachers'patience.ButIdon'twanttosendherbacktoclass.Whatuseisitknowingallthesquarenumbersandallthegrammaticalruleswhenshehastoworkouthowtowash，cookanddecidebetweenfeedingherselforheryoungersister？

"Abiscuit？"Ioffer.ItworksandDanatakesthebiscuitIhandher.

IrememberthefirsttimeImetDana，thedayaftershelockedherselfinthehousewhenhermumabandonedthefamily.IrememberthinkinghowyoungshewastohavebuiltsuchahighwallaroundherselfandhowonearthIcouldpossiblybreakthrough.Asasocialworker，itismyjobtoknockdownsuchwallsnomatterhow.

Iknowitwouldtakemorethanabiscuittoeaseoutoneofherbricks.ButIwilltry."Howareyoufeeling？"Ipushslightly，hopingthebiscuitmighthavesoftenedher."OK，"sheshrugs（聳肩）.I'mabouttochangetopicswhenhereyesrestonmyarm.

"Howdoesthatfeel，Mia？"Danastaresatme.Thesleeve（袖子）ofmyblousehasrolledup，evidenceofhowdeepIhadputitintothebiscuitcan.Adeepscar（傷疤）alongmyarmisobviousagainstmyfairskin.

Irollmysleevebackdown，"It'sfromafire.Ithurt.ButeverythingwillbeOKwhenyouthinkit'sOK."

Danapauses（停頓）andpicksupanotherbiscuit.Inthatinstant，IknowsomethinghaschangedintheroomandwemightactuallybeOK.4.WhyisDanaoftenabsentfromschool？______A.Becausesheisslowatschoolwork.

B.Becausesheisstrugglingwithlife.

C.Becauseshelocksherselfathome.

D.BecauseshedesiresMia'sattention.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMia？______A.Sheiseagertoremoveherscar.

B.Sheisademandingsocialworker.

C.SheawakensDana'shopeforfuture.

D.Sheimproveskid-parentrelationship.6.Whatdoestheendingofthetextimply？______A.MiagainsabetterunderstandingofDana.

B.Theroomisfullofhappinessandharmony.

C.Troubledteensrequirefamilycareandsupport.

D.AclosebondisformingbetweenMiaandDana.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.OK B.Biscuits C.Awhitelie D.AdeepscarCAsanycatownerwilltellyou，talkingtoyourcatistotallynormal.Andeventhoughfeline（貓）friendsmayseemdistanttotheseadoringtalks，anewstudyinAnimalCognitionsuggeststheyarereallylistening.

ResearchersinFranceexposedhousecatstorecordingsoftheirownerorastrangersayingphrasesincat-orhuman-directedspeech.Likebabytalk，cat-directedspeechistypicallyhigherpitchedwithshort，repetitivephrases.Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.

Previousresearchhadshownsimilarfindingsindogs，butmuchlessisknownwhenitcomestocats."Somepeoplestillconsidercatsindependent—youcannothavearealrelationshipwithcats，"saysleadstudyauthorCharlotteMouzon，acatbehavioristattheUniversityofParisNanterre.Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats，shesays，butthisresearchshows"peopleshouldn'tbeashamed."

Mouzonandherteamrecorded16catownerssayingsuchas"Doyouwanttoplay？"or"Doyouwantatreat？"incat-andhuman-directedspeech.Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore，duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners'speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats'reactionsfrommultipledimensions，makingtheresultmoreconvincing

"Althoughcatshaveareputationforignoringtheirowners，agrowingbodyofresearchindicatesthatcatspaycloseattentiontohumans，"saysKristynVitale，acatbehaviorscientistatUnityCollegeinMaine，whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Catscanlearnthatspecificspeechhascertainmeanings."Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.8.Accordingtoparagraph2，whatdohousecatsrespondobviouslyto？______A.Theowner'scat-directedtone.

B.Astranger'shuman-directedtalks.

C.Astranger'scat-directedrecordings.

D.Theowner'shuman-directedspeech.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vocalization"meaninparagraph3？______A.Strategies. B.Trainings. C.Sounds. D.Rhymes.10.WhatmakesMouzon'sfindingsmorereliable？______A.Continuousfilmingofcats'responses.

B.Comprehensiveanalysesbackedbysoftware.

C.Multi-dimensionalevaluationsofcats'habits.

D.Furtherreferencetopreviousstudiesondogs.11.WhatisthelimitationofMouzon'sresearch？______A.Lackofsampletypes. B.Absenceofowners'support.

C.Absenceofscientifictools. D.Lackofexperts'involvement.DCarspoweredbybatteriesmadefromseawaterandplanesfueledbyammonia（氨）willbecomecommonoverthenext10years，BillDavid，aprofessorofmaterialschemistryhaspredicted.

Mostbatteriesforelectriccarsandsmartphonesarepoweredbylithium（鋰），whichhastobemined，butDavidthinksthattheywillbeovertakenbybatteriesmadefromsodium（鈉），whichcanbeobtainedfromseawaterandsalt.Thefutureofairtravelcouldalsobegreenerthankstobiofuels.

Davidsaid："Wearedevelopinganammonia-basedplane.Inprinciple，wecanimproveonanAirbusA320oraBoeing787andessentiallyreplacejetfuelwithammonia."

Davidsaidthatbatteriescould，atfirst，combinesodiumandlithium，assodiumwasnotquiteaspowerfulaslithiumbutismuchmoresufficient."It'snotquiteperfectintermsofperformance，soweneedboth，"Davidsaid."Sodiumisonthewayupandmostelectriccarshavehadacombinationoflithiumandsodiumbatteriesinthem.Myestimateisthatby2040Iwouldnotbesurprisedifthereweretentimesmoresodiumbatteriesthanlithiumones，maybeeven100times."

Thefirstgenerationofmass-producedsodiumbatterieshasbeenusedforanelectriccarforthefirsttime.Sodiumwillnotbethefinalanswertoeco-friendlyairtravel，however，whichiswhyDavid'steamislookingintotheuseofammonia.Somecompaniesarelookingintowhetherjetfuelcanbereplacedwithhydrogen，butDavidseesammoniaasmoresustainable.Hesaid："Ifyoudothesums，thenat500mphyougetthesameamountofpowerasjetfuel，butjust40percentoftherange.However，evenwiththerangehit，a787couldstillgofromLondontoNewYork."

However，areportfromtheRoyalSocietyonnet-zeroaviation，whichDavidco-wrote，saysthatreplacingjetfuelwithbiofuelwouldrequirehalfoftheagriculturallandintheUK.12.Whatisanadvantageofsodiumbatteries？______A.Theirperformanceiseasytoimprove.

B.Theirrawmaterialiseasilyaccessible.

C.Theyarewidelyappliedtovariousvehicles.

D.Theyaremorepowerfulthanotherbatteries.13.AccordingtoDavid，whichisidealforfutureelectriccars？______A.Lithiumbattery. B.Sodiumbattery.

C.Hydrogenfuel. D.Ammoniafuel.14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout？______A.Hydrogencastsalightonjetfuelmarket.

B.Electriccarmakersfavorsodiumbatteries.

C.Ammoniafeaturessustainabilityandpracticability.

D.Companieshavemass-producedrecycledbatteries.15.What'sDavid'sattitudetoreplacingjetfuelwithbiofuel？______A.Tolerant. B.Unclear. C.Cautious. D.Doubtful.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Ifyou'vestudiedbiology，you'veprobablylearnedaboutbloodtypes.Orperhapsyouhavelearnedsomethingaboutbloodtypesfromsocialmedia.（1）______Theseletterscorrespondtotwoantigens（抗原），AandB.PeoplewithABbloodhavebothantigens，thosewithAorBhaveonlyone，andpeoplewithOhavenoantigensatall.

（2）______Ifyou'vehadabloodtransfusion（輸血），youareprobablyawarethatyourbloodtypedetermineswhichbloodyoucanreceive.Maybeyou'llthinkthatyoushouldplanyourmealsbasedonyourbloodtype.（3）______ThislastconceptispopularinAsia，particularlyinSouthKorea.Someonewithtype-Abloodisthoughttobeconsideratebutshy.Peoplewithtype-Bbloodareknownforbeingcreativebutodd.Type-Oindividualsareconsideredtobesomeofthemostsociablepeople.Thosewithtype-ABaresensibleartists，butsometimescalculatingorunpredictable.

SouthKoreaisoneplacewherethebloodtypepersonalitytheorycatcheson.Astudyreleasedin2017suggeststhatnearly60%SouthKoreansbelievethatbloodtypesserveasanindicatorofaperson'spersonality.（4）______

Butsuchtheorycanalsocausediscrimination.Intheabove-mentionedstudy，abouthalfoftherespondentssaidthattheylikepeoplewithtype-Obloodthebest.（5）______Thegeneralbeliefwasthattype-OindividualshaveapersonalitythatbestfitsthecultureinSouthKorea，whileAB-typesdon'tsuitsuchaculturaloutlook.Asaresult，inrecentyears，manymediahavestoppedpromotingthetheory.

A.Manyfactorscontributetoyourbloodtype.

B.So，whatdoesbloodtypemeantoyoupersonally？

C.Meanwhile，only6%ofthosesurveyedsaidtheylikeAB-types.

D.Theyhavealargesocialcirclebutareveryeasytogetannoyed.

E.Orperhapsyouthinkyourbloodtypeinfluencesyourpersonality.

F.Eventhosethatdon'tagreewiththeconceptarefamiliarwiththeidea.

G.Eitherway，you'llknowtherearefourmainbloodtypes：A，B，O，andAB.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Seanlookedathisfather，whowasstandingconfidentlyatthehelm（舵）.Seancouldn't（1）______allofthesailingtermsfathertaughthim.Hehatedtoask，butpushedhimselfanyway."Whichwayareweturning？"，anticipatingfather's（2）______."We'recomingabout，"hisfathersaid（3）______.

Suddenly，theskyturnedgreyandthewindbeganblowingwildly."Sean，takethehelm."fathercalled.Sean（4）______.Hedidn'twantto，buthealsodidn'twanttoseefather's（5）______look."Uh…sure，"Seanreplied.

"Justkeephergoingstraight.I'llchecksomething."Sean（6）______thehelmfromtimetotime.Nowthe（7）______windchangeditsdirection，catchinghimoffguard.Theboat（8）______，leavingropesandnetsslippingtotheoppositeside."Dad!"Seancried，butthewindswallowed（吞沒）his（9）______.Seandidn'tseehisfatherasthesailblockedhis（10）______.

Thenhesawhisfatherinthewater!Sean（11）______theropethathisfatherhadusedtoteachhimsailingknots（結(jié)）nowtosavehisfather.

Ashe（12）______thetrickfathertaughthim，heformedtheknotandpulledittight.Hequicklytiedtheother（13）______ontotheboat，thenthrewtheropetohisfather.Afterclimbingback，hisfathersaid，"You（14）______mylife，son."Seanfeltarushof（15）______andpride，smiling.21.

A.revise B.choose C.translate D.remember22.

A.approval B.response C.encouragement D.understanding23.

A.repeatedly B.sadly C.firmly D.politely24.

A.refused B.cheered C.waved D.hesitated25.

A.blank B.curious C.pained D.disappointed26.

A.grasped B.righted C.shifted D.missed27.

A.calm B.fresh C.soft D.strong28.

A.tipped B.stopped C.sank D.floated29.

A.anger B.complaint C.voice D.body30.

A.view B.way C.action D.thought31.

A.packedup B.woundup C.reachedfor D.wishedfor32.

A.recorded B.recited C.shared D.explained33.

A.end B.side C.net D.rope34.

A.saved B.changed C.defined D.shaped35.

A.puzzle B.relief C.guilt D.gratitude四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.ChinaNationalTraditionalOrchestra（樂團）launcheditsyouththeatergroupinBeijingonSunday.Attheopening，centeringaround"BringingChinesestoriestotheworld"，thegroup'snewproductionsandtouringplansforthisyear（1）______（announce）.

InJanuary，theorchestra，QFunTheaterandGuangzhouOperaHousecoproducedachildren'splayBenCaoGangMu.Fromthiscooperation，theorchestraandQFunTheaterdecidedtocreateayouththeatergroup，（2）______（aim）tointegrateChinesetraditionalmusicwiththeaterandtellChinesestories（3）______theangleofchildrenandteenagers.Theyoungmembersofthenewly（4）______（establish）theatergroupperformedBenCaoGangMuattheevent，aswellaspoetryrecitalASpringMorningandchoirsingingLookingfortheMoon."Artcanhelpchildrenopenuptheircuriosityand（5）______（imagine）.Ihopetherewillbeaplacewherechildren'screativitycanbe（6）______（true）inspiredandexercised.Thatis（7）______wedecidedtoestablishthisyouththeatergroup，"saidZhaoCong，headoftheorchestra.

Thisyear，thetheatergroupplanstolaunch（8）______internationaltourtobringBenCaoGangMutotheworld.Thegroup'snew（9）______（origin）playTheBookofOdes，combiningtraditionalChinesemusicandmagictricks，willalsobeproducedlaterthisyear.Nowallthemembers（10）______（prepare）hardfortheirplay.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假定你是校學生會主席李華，外教Mike被評為本學期"最受歡迎教師"。請寫一份頒獎詞，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）回顧Mike的工作；

（2）簡述他獲獎的理由。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；

（2）結(jié)束語已為你寫好，不計字數(shù)；

（3）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Dearall，

Nowlet'swelcomeourprincipaltopresentthisawardtoMike!38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

BobandIhungoutthewholesummer，runninginthefield，swimminginthelakeandexploringeverywherejoyfully.

Itwasatypicalsummerafternoon.Bobsuggestedweskipalanguagelessontoplaybasketball.AhalIwouldshowmydefense，lay-upsandthree-pointshooting.Ilovedtoexplore，Ilovedsports，andIlovedbasketballmost.IbelievedIwouldbethenextLeBronJames.

ButmypassionforsportscametoasuddenstopwhenIbeganexperiencingextremebackpainlaterthatday.Afterseveralvisitstodoctors，finallyIwastoldthataspine（脊柱）surgerywasnecessary.Unfortunately，thesurgeryaccidentallydamagedmyspinalcord（脊髓）.Iwasinthewardhangingfacedowntorelievethepressureonmyspine.

Afterfour-monthrehabilitationtraining（康復訓練）inhospital，realityslowlysetin—Iwasunabletowalkagain.Icouldn'tbelievethisshouldhavehappenedtome，thatitwasn'tpossibletorecover，thatIwouldn'tbecomeafamousbasketballplayer，thatmylifeasIhadknownit，wasover.Myfuturewouldbechainedtoawheelchair.Iwasjust16yearsold!

Backhome，Ilearnedhowharditwasgoingtobetogetaroundinawheelchair.Iwithdrewfrommyfriendsandmybasketball.AtBob'srepeatedinvitation，Iagreedtogotoourregularswimminghole.Unabletomakeitdowntheriverbankalone，Iwastooproudtoaskforhelp.WhenIfinallyrealizedmypridewouldkeepmeawayfrompeopleandsportsIloved，IletBobcarrymeonhisbacktotheriver'sedge.

Allowingotherstohelpwasaturningpoint.IrealizedmyattitudewasthebiggestbarrierIhadtoface.HowcouldIexpectotherstoseemypotentialifIdidn'tseeitmyself？HowcouldIrealizemybasketballdreamifIwithdrewintomyself？

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在相應位置作答。

Oneday，Bobtookmetoawheelchairbasketballgame.

WithBob'sencouragement，Idecidedtohaveatryatmydream.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、D、D【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FLOWERCITYDAYS中的"comewithyourgardenquestionsandgetanswersfromlocalmastergardeners.（帶著你的花園問題來，并從當?shù)氐膱@藝大師那里得到答案）"可知，人們在FLOWERCITYDAYS中掌握園藝知識。故選B。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)COMMUNITYYARDSALES中"Animpressiverangeofcollectables，likeoldfurniture，woodenVictorianclocksandallthosevaluables!（令人印象深刻的收藏品，如舊家具，維多利亞時代的木制鐘表和所有這些貴重物品）"可知，COMMUNITYYARDSALE適合古董愛好者前去。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章中的每個活動都是讓人們聚集在一起，分享彼此的愛好和興趣，并展示在當?shù)氐膭?chuàng)造力和多元文化。由此推知，這些活動的目的是豐富社區(qū)生活。故選D。

這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了羅切斯特公共市場不同活動的介紹和特點。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】B、C、D、A【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。由第5段Repeated

absence

from

school

recently.She

has

worn

out

teachers'

patience.But

I

don't

want

to

send

her

back

to

class.What

use

is

it

knowing

all

the

square

numbers

and

all

the

grammatical

rules

when

she

has

to

work

out

how

to

wash，cook

and

decide

between

feeding

herself

or

her

younger

sister？（最近她一再缺課。她已經(jīng)耗盡了老師的耐心。但我不想把她送回課堂。當她必須學會如何洗漱、做飯，并決定是養(yǎng)活自己還是養(yǎng)活妹妹時，知道所有的平方數(shù)和所有的語法規(guī)則有什么用）可知，讓Dana去學校是沒用的，因為她被生活所迫。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Dana

pauses（停頓）

and

picks

up

another

biscuit.In

that

instant，I

know

something

has

changed

in

the

room

and

we

might

actually

be

OK.（Dana停頓了一下，拿起另一塊餅干。就在那一刻，我知道房間里發(fā)生了變化，我們可能真的沒事了。）可知，作者對她說的面對苦難的態(tài)度讓她開始有了對未來的希望。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Dana

pauses（停頓）

and

picks

up

another

biscuit.In

that

instant，I

know

something

has

changed

in

the

room

and

we

might

actually

be

OK.（Dana停頓了一下，拿起另一塊餅干。就在那一刻，我知道房間里發(fā)生了變化，我們可能真的沒事了。）可知，我們互相了解過去的"傷疤"后可以知道我們之間有共同點，所以能夠建立起牢固的紐帶。故選D。

（4）標題判斷題。本文反復提及OK，且這是一種樂觀的生活態(tài)度，符合全文我想讓Dana重新燃起對未來生活希望的主旨。OK（沒事的）是合適的標題。故選A。

本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了作者聽說Anna的困難生活后，和她分享自己對于苦難的態(tài)度后，燃起Anna對生活的信心。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8~11.【答案】A、C、B、A【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句felinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech（貓傾向于它們的主人用貓的語氣說話，對于這樣的說話方式，它們會作出反應）可知家貓顯然會對主人以貓語氣說的話做出反應。故選A。

（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子Some

people

might

be

embarrassed

about

using

special

vocalizations

for

cats，she

says，but

this

research

shows

"people

shouldn't

be

ashamed."（她說，有些人可能會對貓使用特殊的發(fā)聲方式感到尷尬，但這項研究表明"人們不應該感到羞恥。"）可推斷出應該是人學著貓式語氣發(fā)聲說話，A.Strategies策略；B.Trainings訓練；C.Sounds聲音；D.Rhymes韻律。故選C。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecat'reactionsfrommultipledimensions，makingtheresultmoreconvincing.（研究者使用軟件從多個維度對貓的反應進行分析，使結(jié)果更有信服力）可知，軟件支持的綜合分析使Mouzon的發(fā)現(xiàn)更加可靠。故選B。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句thestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations（研究規(guī)模太小，未來的工作需要將研究擴大到其他貓群）可知，Mouzon研究的局限性是缺少樣本類型。故選A。

本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)貓傾向于它們的主人用貓的語氣說話，對于這樣的說話方式，它們會作出反應。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】B、B、C、C【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段

Most

batteries

for

electric

cars

and

smartphones

are

powered

by

lithium（鋰），which

has

to

be

mined，but

David

thinks

that

they

will

be

overtaken

by

batteries

made

from

sodium（

鈉

），which

can

be

obtained

from

seawater

and

salt.（大多數(shù)電動汽車和智能手機的電池都是由鋰驅(qū)動的，鋰需要開采，但大衛(wèi)認為它們將被鈉電池取代，鈉電池可以從海水和鹽中獲得。）可知鈉電池的一個優(yōu)點是原材料容易獲得。故選B。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段My

estimate

is

that

by

2040

I

would

not

be

surprised

if

there

were

ten

times

more

sodium

batteries

than

lithium

ones，maybe

even

100

times（我估計，到2040年，如果鈉電池比鋰電池多10倍，甚至100倍，我也不會感到驚訝）可知鈉電池是未來電動汽車的理想選擇。故選B。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段Some

companies

are

looking

into

whether

jet

fuel

can

be

replaced

with

hydrogen，but

David

sees

ammonia

as

more

sustainable.He

said：

"If

you

do

the

sums，then

at

500

mph

you

get

the

same

amount

of

poweras

jet

fuel，but

just

40

per

cent

of

the

range.However，even

with

the

range

hit，a

787

could

still

go

from

London

to

New

York."（一些公司正在研究是否可以用氫氣代替飛機燃料，但大衛(wèi)認為氨更具可持續(xù)性。他說："如果你做一下算術，那么在500英里/小時的速度下，你得到的動力與噴氣燃料相當，但只有航程的40%。然而，即使達到了航程要求，波音787仍然可以從倫敦飛往紐約。）可知第5段主要講氨的特性可持續(xù)性和實用性。故選C。

（4）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段However，a

report

from

the

Royal

Society

on

net-zero

aviation，which

David

co-wrote，says

that

replacing

jet

fuel

with

biofuel

would

require

half

of

the

agricultural

land

in

the

UK.（然而，大衛(wèi)合著的皇家學會關于凈零航空的一份報告稱，用生物燃料取代噴氣燃料將需要英國一半的農(nóng)業(yè)用地。）可知大衛(wèi)對用生物燃料代替飛機燃料持謹慎態(tài)度。A.Tolerant.忍受的；B.Unclear.不清楚的；C.Cautious.謹慎的；D.Doubtful.懷疑的。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了未來10年，由海水制成的電池驅(qū)動的汽車和以氨為燃料的飛機將變得普遍。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

我們在做完形填空時，首先需要快速的瀏覽全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要學會帶著問題到文中相應的地方，通過細節(jié)閱讀來尋找或概括答案；最后理清作者的寫作思路也非常重要；做此類題時，要多注意一些形容詞或動詞的搭配，在平時多積累一些固定搭配。

16~20.【答案】G、B、E、F、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文These

letters

correspond

totwo

antigens（抗原），Aand

B.People

with

AB

blood

have

both

antigens，those

with

A

or

B

have

only

one，and

people

with

O

have

noantigens

at

all.（這些字母對應于兩種抗原，即A和B。AB型血的人有兩種抗原，A型或B型的人只有一種抗原，而O型的人根本沒有抗原。）可知關鍵詞these

letters要在本空有所呼應，故G選項（無論哪種方式，你都會知道有四種主要血型：A、B、O和AB。）符合上下文語境，故答案為G。

（2）段落大意題。本空為段首句，起承上啟下作用。上一段介紹了四種主要的血型。根據(jù)后文If

you've

hada

blood

transfusion（輸血），you

are

probablyaware

that

your

blood

type

determines

whichblood

you

can

receive.Maybe

you'll

think

thatyou

should

plan

your

meals

based

on

your

blood

type.（如果你曾經(jīng)輸過血，你可能知道你的血型決定了你可以接受哪種血液。也許你會認為，你應該根據(jù)你的血型來計劃你的飲食?；蛘吣阏J為你的血型會影響你的性格。）可知B選項（那么，血型對你個人意味著什么？）符合上下文語境，故答案為B。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后文This

last

concept

is

popular

in

Asia，particularly

in

South

Korea.Someonewith

type-A

blood

is

thought

to

be

consideratebut

shy.People

with

type-B

blood

are

known

forbeing

creative

but

odd.Type-O

individuals

areconsidered

to

be

some

of

the

most

sociablepeople.Those

with

type-AB

are

sensible

artists，but

sometimes

calculating

or

unpredictable.（最后一種概念在亞洲很流行，特別是在韓國。A型血的人被認為是體貼但害羞的。B型血的人以有創(chuàng)造力但很古怪而聞名。O型血的人被認為是一些最善于交際的人。AB型血的人是明智的藝術家，但有時會斤斤計較或不可預測。）可知關鍵詞concept要在本空有所呼應，且還要與血型、性格相關，故E選項（或者你認為你的血型會影響你的性格。）符合上下文語境，故答案為E。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文South

Korea

is

one

placewhere

the

blood

type

personality

theory

catches

on.A

study

released

in

2017

suggests

that

nearly

60%

South

Koreans

believe

that

blood

typesserve

as

an

indicator

of

a

person'

s

personality.（韓國是血型性格理論流行的一個地方。2017年發(fā)布的一項研究表明，近60%的韓國人認為，血型可以作為一個人的性格指標。）在剩余選項中，A選項（許多因素促成了你的血型。）C選項（同時，只有6%的被調(diào)查者說他們喜歡AB型的人。）D選項（他們有很大的社交圈，但很容易被惹惱。）代入后明顯與上文題意不符。代入F選項（即使那些不同意這個概念的人也熟悉這個想法。）與上文語境相符，故答案為F。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文But

such

theory

canalsocause

discrimination.In

the

above-mentionedstudy，about

half

of

the

respondents

said

thatthey

like

people

with

type-O

blood

the

best.（但這種理論也會引起歧視。在上述研究中，大約一半的受訪者表示，他們最喜歡O型血的人。）和后文The

general

belief

was

that

type-O

individuals

have

a

personality

that

best

fits

the

culture

inSouth

Korea，while

AB-types

don't

suit

such

acultural

outlook.（人們普遍認為，O型人的個性最適合韓國的文化，而AB型人不適合這種文化觀。）可知C選項（同時，只有6%的被調(diào)查者說他們喜歡AB型的人。）符合上下文語境，故答案為C。

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種主要的血型，以及人們對血型性格理論的一些執(zhí)念。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】D、B、C、D、D、B、D、A、C、A、B、B、A、A、B【解析】（1）考查動詞及語境理解。A.revise修訂；B.choose選擇；C.translate翻譯；D.remember記住。肖恩記不清父親教他的所有航海術語。故選D。

（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.approval批準；B.response回應；C.encouragement鼓勵；D.understanding理解。"我們要轉(zhuǎn)向哪條路？"他期待著父親的回應。"轉(zhuǎn)向要說comingabout，"他的父親堅定地說。根據(jù)下文"We'recomingabout，"可知是父親的回應。故選B。

（3）考查副詞及語境理解。A.repeatedly重復地；B.sadly悲傷地；C.firmly堅定地，牢固地；D.politely禮貌地。"我們要轉(zhuǎn)向哪條路？"他期待著父親的回應。"轉(zhuǎn)向要說comingabout，"他的父親堅定地說。故選C。

（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A.refused拒絕；B.cheered歡呼；C.waved揮手；D.hesitated猶豫。肖恩猶豫了。根據(jù)下文"Uh…sure，"Seanreplied.可知是猶豫。故選D。

（5）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.blank空白的；B.curious好奇的；C.pained疼痛的；D.disappointed失望的。他不想，但他也不想看到父親失望的樣子。故選D。

（6）考查動詞及語境理解。A.grasped抓?。籅.righted糾正；C.shifted移位；D.missed錯過。肖恩不時地掌舵。根據(jù)上文Justkeephergoingstraight可知是掌舵使船直行。故選B。

（7）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.calm冷靜的；B.fresh新鮮的；C.soft軟的；D.strong強壯的?，F(xiàn)在強風改變了方向，使他措手不及。根據(jù)下文butthewindswallowed可知是強風。故選D。

（8）考查動詞及語境理解。A.tipped傾斜，提示；B.stopped停止；C.sank沉沒；D.floated浮動。船傾斜了，繩子和網(wǎng)滑到了另一邊。根據(jù)下文leavingropesandnetsslippingtotheoppositeside可知是傾斜。故選A。

（9）考查名詞及語境理解。A.anger憤怒；B.complaint投訴；C.voice聲音；D.body身體。肖恩大喊，但風吞沒了他的聲音。根據(jù)上文Seancried可知是吞沒他的聲音。故選C。

（10）考查名詞及語境理解。A.view視線；B.way路；C.action行動；D.thought思想。肖恩沒有看到他的父親，因為帆擋住了他的視線。根據(jù)上文Seandidn'tseehisfather可知是擋住了視線。故選A。

（11）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.packed

up打包；B.wound

up卷起來；C.reached

for達到；D.wished

for希望。肖恩現(xiàn)在把他父親用來教他打結(jié)的繩子卷起來救他的父親。故選B。

（12）考查動詞及語境理解。A.recorded記錄；B.recited背誦；C.shared共享；D.explained解釋。當他背誦父親教他的技巧時，他打好結(jié)，把它拉緊。故選B。

（13）考查名詞及語境理解。A.end端，結(jié)束；B.side邊；C.net網(wǎng)；D.rope繩索。他迅速把繩子的另一端綁在船上，然后把繩子扔給了他的父親。故選A。

（14）考查動詞及語境理解。A.saved拯救，保護；B.changed更改；C.defined定義；D.shaped塑造。爬回來后，他的父親說："你救了我的命，兒子。"肖恩感到如釋重負和自豪，面帶微笑。根據(jù)上文After

climbing

back可知是拯救了他。故選A。

（15）考查名詞及語境理解。A.puzzle謎題；B.relief欣慰，救濟；C.guilt內(nèi)疚，罪惡；D.gratitude感恩。爬回來后，他的父親說："你救了我的命，兒子。"肖恩感到如釋重負和自豪，面帶微笑。根據(jù)下文smiling可知是感覺欣慰。故選B。

本文是一篇記敘文，講述了男孩Sean是如何在危急關頭拯救父親的。

近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當，意思正確。

36.【答案】【小題1】wereannounced【小題2】aiming【小題3】from【小題4】established【小題5】imagination【小題6】truly【小題7】why【小題8】an【小題9】original【小題10】arepreparing【解析】（1）考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在開幕式上，圍繞"將中國故事帶給世界"這個中心，該劇團今年的新制作和巡演計劃被宣布了。前后時態(tài)一致，用一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞announce和主語the

group's

new

productions

and

touring

plans構(gòu)成被動關系，所以用wereannounced，故填：wereannou