江蘇省常州市新北區(qū)北郊高級中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題WORD版含解析

2020-2021學(xué)年江蘇省常州市新北區(qū)北郊高級中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷AFromthisissue,weexplorewhytheSearchforExtraterrestrialIntelligence(SETI)Institutehasn'tturnedupanythingsinceitsfoundinginthe1980s.(Seepage30formore.)WeaskedourFacebookfollowers:Doyouthinkthatastronomerswillfindevidenceofalienlifeinyourlifetime?LoranMcCormick:1thinktheyalreadyhaveit.Judgingbythesuddenindustrialization,Ifiguretheyfoundsomethingthat'sprobablybeenheresincebeforehumanswalkedtheEarth.JensAvery:Wemayfindlife,butitmaynotwantanythingtodowithus.Wearenotveryadvancedandcan'tevengetalongwitheachother.StevenBuhrow:Ithinkthemoreimportantquestionis—willanygovernmenteverpubliclyadmititinourlifetime?Ifullybelievethatwecoulddiscoveralienlifetodayandthegovernmentwouldsimplysaythepublicisnotreadyforthisinformation.JennaWalsh:Ithinkwealreadyseeit,butjustdon'trealizewhatitis.Intelligentalienlifeprobablydoesn'twantanythingtodowiththedisasterthatisEarthatthispoint,sonodoubtthey'replayingitsafeandobservingfromasafedistance.ChristopherHarvey:Byalienlife,doyoumeanintelligentalienlife?Thenno.Itwouldbeextremelyhardtofind,shortofthemcomingdowntoEarth.Butifyoumeanunintelligentalienlife,likebacteriaorsinglecell,wemight.1.WhydidweasktheFacebookfollowersthequestion?A.ToquestiontheefficiencyofSETI.B.Toconfirmtheappearanceofaliensonearth.C.Toensuretheexistenceofaliens.D.Tocomplainaboutthefailuretofindaliens.2.Whodoubtstheevervisitsofalienstotheearth?A.LoranMcCormick. B.StevenBuhrow.C.JennaWalsh. D.ChristopherHarvey.3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Analbum. B.Asciencefiction.C.Amagazine. D.Atravelguide.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要是關(guān)于外星人是否存在的討論?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Fromthisissue,weexplorewhytheSearchforExtraterrestrialIntelligence(SETI)Institutehasn'tturnedupanythingsinceitsfoundinginthe1980s.(從這一期開始，我們就來探究為什么自上世紀(jì)80年代成立以來，外星智能探索研究所(SETI)一直沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何東西)”可知，SETI這個項(xiàng)目上世紀(jì)80年代后就沒有現(xiàn)身說法了，可推斷，問Facebook的粉絲這個問題是質(zhì)疑其是否取得進(jìn)展。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChristopherHarvey的陳述“Byalienlife,doyoumeanintelligentalienlife?Thenno.(你說的外星生命，是指有智慧的外星生命嗎？那么就是沒有)”可知，ChristopherHarvey否認(rèn)了有智力的外星生物的存在。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，這是一個問題和討論，不會出現(xiàn)在專輯、科幻小說或者導(dǎo)游手冊里，只可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選C。BLivestreaminge-commerceispromotingandsellinggoodsthroughinfluencerlivestreamsontheirownsocialmediachannels.It'slikeHomeShoppingNetwork,butwithfascinating,trendyhosts.It'salsobeendescribedaspartinfomercial,partvarietyshow.Livestreaminge-commerceisgrowingrapidlyinChina.In2019over430millionpeopleviewedlivestreams,andin2020it'sprojectedtoreach560million.WhileithasbeendrivenbyGen-ZandMillennials,middle-agedChineseandseniorsarejumpingon-thetrend.Livestreamingisawayforbrandstogainawareness,moveexcessinventory,andforsmalllocalbusinessestoreachcustomers—allthemoreimportantinlightofCOVID-19lockdownrestrictions.Topinfluencershavetheirownshowsandappeareachnightforafewhoursatastretch,sellinghighlyselectedproducts,oftenatdeepdiscounts,anditemscanselloutinseconds.Asidefromchoosingproducts,showhostsnegotiatewithmanufacturerstogetthelowestpricespossible.Hostsdemonstrateandevaluatetheproducts,explainfeatures,answercall-inquestions,andattimessingandtalktocelebrityguests.There'sexcitingmusicwhencouponsandproductlinksarerevealed,andhostsurgeviewersonwithcallstoactionlike“justbuyit”and“grabitnow”.OneofthemostpopularlivestreamersisLiJiaqi,alsoknownasthe"LipstickKing".Heusuallydemonstrateslipstickbrandsonhisownlips.Hehas6.5millionfollowersforhislivestreamonTaobaoLiveandisalsoaDouyincelebritywithover30millionviewers.WeiYa(alsoknownasViya),anothersuperpopularlivestreamer,hasherownfashionlineandfactory.Inaddition,shepromotesproductsfromforeignbrandslikeTesla,andlocalproductsrangingfrominstantnoodlestotherighttosendasmallpayloadintospaceusingaChineserocket.NowifconsumersclickintotheofficialonlineTmallstoreofanymajorbrand,they’relikelytoseeabannerforthebrand'slivestreamingonthefrontpage.Peoplewhosellthebrandsinphysicalstoresareencouragedtodolivestreaming,tryingonproductsthemselvesforviewers.Highlightsofthelivestreamsarethenmadeintovideoclipsandaddedtotheproductintroductionpage.Whencustomersclickthelinkontheproductore-store,theycanbrowsepictures,watchtry-onvideos,orcatchlivestreams,sotheynowhavemorewaystointeractwithbrandsandareengagedforlongerperiodsoftime.Salesfromlivestreamsareexpectedtogrowmorethan100%in2020vs2019toalmost9%ofallonlineretailsalesAlibaba'sTaobaolivehasthelion'sshareataround80%.Alibaba'svisionistobybroadenlivestreamingsoitcanbeadopteddirectlybymorebrandsofdifferentsizesacrossmoredifferentindustries.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutlivestreaminge-commerce?A.It’sanythingbutentertaining. B.Ittendstosellbrand-nameproducts.C.Itgivesordinarypeopleachancetogetrich. D.ItattractsbothyoungandoldpeopleinChina.5.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Whylivestreamingatnighthasbettersales.B.Howthehostbargainoverthepricewithproducers.C.Howthehostsoflivestreamingmanagetoselltheirgoods.D.Whyitisnecessarytobuygoodsthroughinfluencerlivestreams.6.Howarecustomersinfluencedbylivestreaming?A.Theyspendmuchmoretimebuyingtheproduct.B.Theywastelotsoftimetalkingwithlivestreams.C.Theyfeelatalossastohowtochoosethebestproduct.D.Theyareoftenmisledbythehighlightsofthelivestreams.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardslivestreaminge-commerce?A.Cautious. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。直播電商是通過網(wǎng)紅在自己的社交媒體渠道上直播來推廣和銷售商品。文章主要介紹了中國的直播帶貨現(xiàn)象以及對經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhileithasbeendrivenbyGen-ZandMillennials,middle-agedChineseandseniorsarejumpingon-thetrend.(雖然這一趨勢是由Z世代和千禧一代推動的，但中國中老年人群也加入了這股潮流)”可知，在中國，直播電子商務(wù)吸引了年輕人和老年人。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Topinfluencershavetheirownshowsandappeareachnightforafewhoursatastretch,sellinghighlyselectedproducts,oftenatdeepdiscounts,anditemscanselloutinseconds.Asidefromchoosingproducts,showhostsnegotiatewithmanufacturerstogetthelowestpricespossible.Hostsdemonstrateandevaluatetheproducts,explainfeatures,answercall-inquestions,andattimessingandtalktocelebrityguests.There'sexcitingmusicwhencouponsandproductlinksarerevealed,andhostsurgeviewersonwithcallstoactionlike“justbuyit”and“grabitnow”.(最具影響力的人有他們自己的節(jié)目，每晚連續(xù)出現(xiàn)幾個小時(shí)，銷售精選的產(chǎn)品，通常以很大的折扣，商品可能在幾秒鐘內(nèi)售罄。除了選擇產(chǎn)品外，展會主持人還與廠商進(jìn)行談判，以獲得盡可能低的價(jià)格。主持人演示和評估產(chǎn)品，解釋功能，回答電話提問，有時(shí)還會唱歌和與名人嘉賓交談。當(dāng)優(yōu)惠券和產(chǎn)品鏈接被公布時(shí)，會有令人興奮的音樂，主持人會呼吁觀眾采取行動，比如“買吧”和“現(xiàn)在就買”)”可知，第四段主要告訴我們?yōu)槭裁匆归g直播的銷量更好。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Whencustomersclickthelinkontheproductore-store,theycanbrowsepictures,watchtry-onvideos,orcatchlivestreams,sotheynowhavemorewaystointeractwithbrandsandareengagedforlongerperiodsoftime.(當(dāng)顧客點(diǎn)擊產(chǎn)品或網(wǎng)店的鏈接時(shí)，他們可以瀏覽圖片、觀看試穿視頻或觀看直播，因此他們現(xiàn)在有更多的方式與品牌互動，參與時(shí)間更長)”可知，客戶花更多的時(shí)間購買產(chǎn)品，從而受到直播的影響。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Livestreamingisawayforbrandstogainawareness,moveexcessinventory,andforsmalllocalbusinessestoreachcustomers—allthemoreimportantinlightofCOVID-19lockdownrestrictions.(直播是品牌獲得知名度、轉(zhuǎn)移過剩庫存以及當(dāng)?shù)匦∑髽I(yè)接觸客戶的一種方式——在2019冠狀病毒病封鎖限制的情況下，這些都更加重要)”以及最后一段中“Salesfromlivestreamsareexpectedtogrowmorethan100%in2020vs2019toalmost9%ofallonlineretailsales.(與2019年相比，2020年來自直播的銷售預(yù)計(jì)將增長超過100%，占所有在線零售銷售的近9%)”文中提到了直播對銷售增長的好處，可推知，作者對直播電商的態(tài)度是支持的。故選D。CIstoodinmyfather’sgardenonelatesummerevening,watchingmythreekidsdiginthedirtwithtoybulldozers(推土機(jī)).Ihaddrivenuptomyparents’housethatafternooninafitofdesperation.Myhusbandwasworkingadoubleshift,mytwinshadn’tnapped,andIwasonemisstepawayfromacompletebreakdown.“Comeup,”mymomsaid,“Let’srestforawhile.”Asthedayoftemporaryrelaxationdrewtoaclose,IwanderedalongDad’sonce-neatgardenrowsandnoticedthetomatoplantsDadhadplanted.“Romatomatoes,thekindforsauce.Rememberwhenyourmomusedtomakesauce?”myfathersaid.Ihadn’tthoughtofitinyearsactually.ItwasarecipepassedfrommyItalianimmigrantgreat-grandmotherdowntomygrandmotherandthenmymother.Andthat’swhereithadstopped.ThoughIlikedcooking,Ididn’twanttowastemuchtimeonthedish.WhyshouldIsimmertomatosaucealldaywhenIcouldmakedifferentkindsofdishes?Dadgavemeanidea.“I’mgoingtomakesauce,”Isaid.Myfatherraisedaskepticaleyebrowbutgrabbedsomeboxesandtoldthekidstostartpicking.Thetwinsthrewtomatoeslikesoftballstoeachotherastheyoungestbeggedtojoinme.Everyonewascryingatonepoint,andIalmostgaveuponmygrandscheme.Yetsomethinginsidemefoughtback,adeep-seatedfancyforfindingthelinkbetweentherecipe’sownerandme.Aslast,Isuccessfullyfinishedmysauceanditwasapprovedbymyparents.TheeffortsImadewiththoseboxesoftomatoesgavemeasenseofaccomplishment.Eachcrankofthehandleeachsliceoftheknife,eachstirofthestockpotwasaprayerforcomfortandconfidence.Likemostthingsthatareworthwhile,themesswaspartoftheprocess.8.Theauthorwenttoherparentshousethatafternoonto_____________.A.pickupherchildren B.visitherfather’sgardenC.learntocooktomatosauce D.relieveherselffromdailychores9.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftomatosaucecookingbefore?A.Itwashardtograsp. B.Itwastroublesome.C.Itstoodforherculture. D.Itdeservedtobepromoted.10.Whatmadetheauthorcontinuehergrandscheme?A.Herchildren’srequirement. B.Theencouragementfromherfather.C.Herdesiretofollowafamilytradition. D.Theexpectationfromtherecipe’sowner.11.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.B.Astrong-willedsoulcanreachhisgoal.C.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.D.Lifeismostbeautifulwhenitisimperfect.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述自己嘗試制作番茄醬并獲得成功的故事告訴我們：生活不完美時(shí)才是最美的?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Ihaddrivenuptomyparents’housethatafternooninafitofdesperation.Myhusbandwasworkingadoubleshift,mytwinshadn’tnapped,andIwasonemisstepawayfromacompletebreakdown.”（那天下午，我在一陣絕望中開車去了父母家。我丈夫正在上連班，我的雙胞胎沒有打盹，我離完全崩潰還有一步之遙。）可知，作者那天很絕望，因?yàn)檎煞蛏习嗔?，孩子還沒睡著，她既需要照顧家里，又需要照顧孩子，由此可推斷出，作者那天下午去她父母家是想放松一下，讓自己從日?，嵤轮薪饷摮鰜?。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“ThoughIlikedcooking,Ididn’twanttowastemuchtimeonthedish.WhyshouldIsimmertomatosaucealldaywhenIcouldmakedifferentkindsofdishes?”（雖然我喜歡烹飪，但我不想在這道菜上浪費(fèi)太多時(shí)間。既然我可以做各種各樣的菜，為什么我要整天燉番茄醬呢？）可知，作者以前認(rèn)為做番茄醬很浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，她不想整天燉番茄醬，由此可推斷出，作者以前認(rèn)為做番茄醬很麻煩。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Yetsomethinginsidemefoughtback,adeep-seatedfancyforfindingthelinkbetweentherecipe’sownerandme.”（然而，我內(nèi)心深處有一種想法進(jìn)行了反擊，那是一種根深蒂固的尋找食譜主人和我之間的聯(lián)系的想法。）可知，當(dāng)作者想要放棄時(shí)，一種想法阻止了她，她想尋找食譜主人和她之間的聯(lián)系。再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第三段中“ItwasarecipepassedfrommyItalianimmigrantgreat-grandmotherdowntomygrandmotherandthenmymother.Andthat’swhereithadstopped.”（這是我從意大利移民的曾祖母傳給我祖母，然后我的祖母再傳給我母親的食譜。）可知，這個食譜是一代又一代人傳承下來的，由此可推斷出，使作者繼續(xù)她的宏偉計(jì)劃的是她渴望遵循家族傳統(tǒng)，把食譜傳遞下去。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章，結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Likemostthingsthatareworthwhile,themesswaspartoftheprocess.”（就像大多數(shù)值得做的事情一樣，混亂也是過程的一部分。）可知，文章通過作者成功制作出番茄醬的事請告訴我們混亂也是過程的一部分，再結(jié)合上文作者講述的因?yàn)樯瞵嵤露械浇^望的事情可知，這個故事想要傳遞的是生活中總是有很多不完美，但事實(shí)上，生活不完美時(shí)才是最美的，因?yàn)槲覀冏龅氖虑槭侵档玫?。故選D項(xiàng)。DByanymeasure,thelast30yearshasbeencompletelyextraordinary.Inlessthanonegeneration,ourplanethaschangedfasterthaninallhumanexistence.Wehavetransformedfromsimpleinhabitantsofthisworldtothearchitectsofitsfuture.Nowhereisthismoreobviousthanwithtropicalcoralreefs(珊瑚礁).IranintocoralreefsontheshoresofArabiain1982asa20-year-old.TheremylifechangedforeverthemomentIdivedfromhotdesertintotheRedSea,discoveringmyselfsurroundedbycorals,whichwerericherandmoreproductivethananythingIhadseen.Whatdrovemethenwasanexplorationtounlockthesecretofthisenormousrichness.Ithoughtthatsearchwouldlastalifetime,butoverthedecadesoralsbegantosickenanddieacrosstheworld.Myjourneytookanewdirection,searchingforthecauseoftheirillnessandthehuntforacure.Itturnsoutthat,althoughreefshavethrived(茁壯成長)formillionsofyears,creatinggeologicalstructuressomonumentalthattheycanbeseenfromspace,theyareincrediblysensitivetoupsetatthehandsofpeople.Globalwarming,inconcertwithmorelocalpressures,suchasoverfishingandpollution,iskillingcorals.Thecoreoftheirvulnerability(脆弱性)liesina100-million-yearlongrelationshipbetweenthecoralanimalandamicroscopicplant,calledzooxanthella,thatlivesintheirtissues.Zooxanthellaegiftcoralstheabilitytolivelikeplants,producing85to95percentoftheirfoodbyphotosynthesis(光合作用).Inreturn,coralsgivetheplantsprotection,nutrientsandcarbondioxide.It'sawonderfulrelationshipandisthesecretofcorals'abilitytobuildmassivereefs,greatlypromotingtheirproductivitycomparedtocreatureswithoutzooxanthellae.Butthepartnershipisfragile.Whentemperaturesrisemorethanadegreeorsoabovenormalmaxima,therelationshipturnsfrombenefittodeadlycost.Sincethelate1990s,acrosshugeareasofthetropics,coralreefshavesufferedacatastrophiclossoflifeandvitality.Cananythingbedonetosavethem？Theonlydurablefixwillbearapidreductioningreenhouseemissionstonetzero.Buteventhatwon'tbeenough,becausecarbondioxideemissionshavealreadyovershotthecoralcomfortzone.Wewillneedtosucksomeofitbacktoo.Thatwilltaketime.Inthemeantime,wecangivereefsachancethroughbetterprotectionnow.Justasadoctorwouldadviseyoutoreducestress,takemoreexerciseandeathealthilytopreventsickness,reefshaveabetterchanceofcopingifwereduceoverfishing,pollutionanddamagefromtourismanddevelopment.Coralreefstellusthatweneedtochangecoursenowifwearetoleaveaworldfitforgenerationsyettocome.12.Theauthorhadaturningpointinhislifewhen____________.A.takingadventuresinthegreatdesertB.movingintothefieldofarchitectureC.realizingthesignificanceofcoralreefsD.experiencingtherichnessofcoralreefs13.Whichofthefollowingthingupsettheauthorduringhisjourneyofexploration？A.Peoplewereunconcernedaboutcoralreefs.B.Coralreefswerefoundingreatdanger.C.Coralreefsrecoveredataslowspeed.D.Peoplereliedtoomuchonseafood.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4？A.Zooxanthellaehavetheabilitytolivelikeanimalsintheocean.B.Coralsandzooxanthellaecanwelladapttotherisingtemperature.C.Coralsandzooxanthellaedependoneachotherfortheirownbenefit.D.Zooxanthellaecankeepcoralreefsatanormaltemperatureatalltimes.15.What'sthepurposeofthelastparagraph？A.Towarnabouttheconsequencesofcoralreefs’loss.B.TocallforimmediatemeasurestoprotectcoralreefsC.Topointouttheharmlocaltourismhasdonetocoralreefs.D.Toinformpeopleofcoralreefs'powerfulself-repairingability.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.B【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。作者在探索珊瑚礁時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們處于危險(xiǎn)之中，為了留下一個適合后代生存的世界，我們現(xiàn)在就需要改變方向?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“IranintocoralreefsontheshoresofArabiain1982asa20-year-old.TheremylifechangedforeverthemomentIdivedfromhotdesertintotheRedSea,discoveringmyselfsurroundedbycorals,whichwerericherandmoreproductivethananythingIhadseen.Whatdrovemethenwasanexplorationtounlockthesecretofthisenormousrichness.”（1982年，20歲的我在阿拉伯海岸遇到了珊瑚礁。在那里，當(dāng)我從炎熱的沙漠潛入紅海，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被珊瑚包圍的那一刻，我的生活永遠(yuǎn)地改變了。當(dāng)時(shí)驅(qū)使我的是一種探索，去解開這種巨大財(cái)富的秘密。）可知，當(dāng)作者體驗(yàn)豐富的珊瑚礁時(shí)，他的生活發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ithoughtthatsearchwouldlastalifetime,butoverthedecadesoralsbegantosickenanddieacrosstheworld.Myjourneytookanewdirection,searchingforthecauseoftheirillnessandthehuntforacure.”（我原以為這將持續(xù)一生，但幾十年來，珊瑚礁開始在世界各地發(fā)病和死亡。我的旅程有了新的方向，尋找他們的病因，尋找治療方法。）可知，珊瑚礁被發(fā)現(xiàn)處于極大的危險(xiǎn)中。這讓作者在探險(xiǎn)之旅中感到不安。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Zooxanthellaegiftcoralstheabilitytolivelikeplants,producing85to95percentoftheirfoodbyphotosynthesis(光合作用).Inreturn,coralsgivetheplantsprotection,nutrientsandcarbondioxide.It'sawonderfulrelationshipandisthesecretofcorals'abilitytobuildmassivereefs,greatlypromotingtheirproductivitycomparedtocreatureswithoutzooxanthellae.”（黃藻賦予珊瑚像植物一樣生活的能力,通過光合作用生產(chǎn)85-95%的食物。作為回報(bào)，珊瑚為植物提供保護(hù)、營養(yǎng)和二氧化碳。這是一種奇妙的關(guān)系，也是珊瑚能夠建造巨大珊瑚礁的秘密，與沒有蟲黃藻的生物相比，這極大地提高了它們的生產(chǎn)力。）可知，珊瑚和黃藻為了自身的利益相互依賴。。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inthemeantime,wecangivereefsachancethroughbetterprotectionnow.Justasadoctorwouldadviseyoutoreducestress,takemoreexerciseandeathealthilytopreventsickness,reefshaveabetterchanceofcopingifwereduceoverfishing,pollutionanddamagefromtourismanddevelopment.Coralreefstellusthatweneedtochangecoursenowifwearetoleaveaworldfitforgenerationsyettocome.”（與此同時(shí)，我們現(xiàn)在可以通過更好的保護(hù)給珊瑚礁一個機(jī)會。就像醫(yī)生會建議你減少壓力，多做運(yùn)動，吃健康的食物來預(yù)防疾病一樣，如果我們減少過度捕撈、污染以及旅游和開發(fā)帶來的破壞，珊瑚礁就有更好的機(jī)會應(yīng)對。珊瑚礁告訴我們，如果我們要留下一個適合后代生存的世界，我們現(xiàn)在就需要改變方向。）可知，呼吁人們立即采取措施保護(hù)珊瑚礁。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenthinkingaboutwhatyoucandotohelptheplanet,doyousupportregenerativeagriculture？Doyouevenknowwhatitmeans？Whileitsoundslikesomethingthatisuptofarmers,therearewaysthattherestofuscansupportit；onewayistopracticesoil-friendlyeating.______16______EatavarietyoffoodsAgroupofdifferentfoodscanbegoodforgettingavarietyofnutrients,andbyeatingdifferenttypesoffoods,you'llhelpcreatedemandforawidevarietyofagriculturalproducts,whichisbetterforsoil.______17______Embracethepulses（豆類）Thepulsesarecheapandgreatalternativetomeat.______18______Pulsecropsareabletopullnitrogenfromtheatmosphereintothesoil.Thisprocessiscallednitrogenfixationandprovidesanaturalfertilizer(肥料)，whichisavailableforsubsequentcrops.Makesuremeatissustainablyproduced______19______However,ifyoudoshopformeat,lookforthemeatwhichhasbeenproducedsustainably.Forexample,animalsfeedingonpasture(牧草)ratherthangrainarebetterbecausegrainrequiresalotofland,waterandagrichemicals.Animalstakealotfromthesoil,soit'simportanttosupportownersofpasturewhoworktokeeptheirsoilhealthy.ReducefoodwasteReducingfoodwastehasbeengettingmuchattentionrecently.Bysomeaccounts,itisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotofighttheclimatecrisis.______20______Everyitemthatyouthrowawayisanitemthatthesoilworksforinvain.A.WegenerallyrecommendeatinglessmeatornoneatallB.Italsohelpseasethestrainonsoilsinceitreducesitsworkload.C.Almosteveryonementionstheneedforregenerativeagriculture.D.Itturnsoutthattheyarealsoatopchoiceforsoil-friendlyeating.E.Herearesomestepsforhowtoeatinwaysthatareharmoniouswithsoil.F.Ifwedon'ttakecareofthesoil,thesoilwillloseitsabilitytotakecareofus.G.Fooddiversityhelpswithsoilfertilitywhenlandisusedtogrowmultiplecrops.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了我們?nèi)祟悜?yīng)該怎樣飲食可以有利于保護(hù)土壤，從而為再生農(nóng)業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)，進(jìn)而保護(hù)我們的地球?！?6題詳解】由文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一段中的“therearewaysthattherestofuscansupportit；onewayistopracticesoil-friendlyeating.”（我們有許多方法來支持再生農(nóng)業(yè)，一種方法就是吃有利于土壤的東西），和下文每段標(biāo)題“Eatavarietyoffoods；Embracethepulses（豆類）；Makesuremeatissustainablyproduced；Reducefoodwaste”分別是一種飲食方法，而E選項(xiàng)“Herearesomestepsforhowtoeatinwaysthatareharmoniouswithsoil.”（關(guān)于怎么吃有利于保護(hù)土壤有一些步驟），后半句怎么吃有利于保護(hù)土壤承接上文，告訴人們要吃有利于保護(hù)土壤的東西，前半句一些步驟，引起下文，是對下文每段的總結(jié)，故選E項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文“Agroupofdifferentfoodscanbegoodforgettingavarietyofnutrients,andbyeatingdifferenttypesoffoods,you'llhelpcreatedemandforawidevarietyofagriculturalproducts,whichisbetterforsoil.”（一組不同的食物對獲取各種營養(yǎng)有好處，并且通過吃不同的食物，你會幫助創(chuàng)造需求，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民種植各種各樣的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，這樣對土壤有好處）說明食物多樣性有利于保護(hù)土壤。G選項(xiàng)“Fooddiversityhelpswithsoilfertilitywhenlandisusedtogrowmultiplecrops.”（當(dāng)土地種植多種莊稼時(shí)，食物多樣性幫助解決土壤貧瘠）承接上文，解釋了食物多樣性對土地的具體好處，故填G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Thepulsesarecheapandgreatalternativetomeat.”（豆類便宜且是肉的很好的替代品）這句話說明了豆莢的好處，下文“Pulsecropsareabletopullnitrogenfromtheatmosphereintothesoil.Thisprocessiscallednitrogenfixationandprovidesanaturalfertilizer(肥料)，whichisavailableforsubsequentcrops.”（豆莢能將大氣中的氮帶進(jìn)土壤。這個過程叫做固氮作用，且提供天然養(yǎng)料，有利于隨后的莊稼使用）這句話說明吃豆類對土壤有好處，D選項(xiàng)“Itturnsoutthattheyarealsoatopchoiceforsoil-friendlyeating.（事實(shí)證明，它們也是土壤友好型飲食的首選）”中的also說明好處不僅這有一個，承接上文，同時(shí)D選項(xiàng)是對下文的總結(jié)，說明豆類對土壤有好處，故填D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由下文“However,ifyoudoshopformeat,lookforthemeatwhichhasbeenproducedsustainably.”（然而如果你去買肉，那就買一些可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)的肉吧。）However說明前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，A選項(xiàng)“Wegenerallyrecommendeatinglessmeatornoneatall”（我們建議少吃肉或不吃肉。）和后面的內(nèi)容，構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，meat是關(guān)鍵詞。故填A(yù)項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Everyitemthatyouthrowawayisanitemthatthesoilworksforinvain.”說明，我們?nèi)拥粢粋€商品，土壤的努力就白白浪費(fèi)，這是我們?nèi)祟惒粣圩o(hù)土壤的表現(xiàn)，同時(shí)土壤也會遭到破壞，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Ifwedon'ttakecareofthesoil,thesoilwillloseitsabilitytotakecareofus.”（如果我們不照顧土壤，土壤就會失去保護(hù)我們的能力）引起下文，是具體表現(xiàn)，故選F項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】做七選五題時(shí)，尤其注意這種小標(biāo)題。給個小標(biāo)題是每段的中心句。根據(jù)標(biāo)題內(nèi)容和首尾段判斷文章大意。結(jié)合上下文選出答案。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共四節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OurfamilydecidedtomovetowarmSouthCarolinawhenmyhusbandTomretiredandputitintoactionwithoutanydelay.Thefirstweeksafter_____21_____inournewhouse,wewavedtoneighbors,butasidefromquick_____22_____,wehadn’treallymadeconnections.Wehadacommunitypageonline.Iusuallyscanneditquickly,butonedayapostfromayoungmothercaughtmyeye.Shehadsomething_____23_____todealwithbutcouldn’tfindababysitter.AsIwas_____24_____then,Itypedamessagetoherandgavehermyphonenumber.Shecalledimmediately.“Youarealifesaver!”wasthegreetingIgotwhenI_____25_____.Shewasjusttwoblocksaway,soI_____26_____overtomeether.Sheopenedthedoorwitha14-month-oldinherarms.“ThisisMacy,”she____27____me.Shequicklylistedsome_____28_____andthenrushedout.Ispottedabasketfilledwithtoddler(幼童)books._____29_____some,IinvitedMacytositwithme.Whata_____30_____tofindacopyofaclassicbookI’dread_____31_____.Turningthepagesandpointingatthepictures,IreciteditfrommemoryandlaughedheartilyfromtimetotimeatMacy’scutequestions.WhenMacy’smotherwasback,I’dhada(n)_____32_____afternoon.Suddenly,anideastruckme:perhapsIcouldfindsomechildrenheretocarefor.ThenIbroughtituptoTom.“Haveyouforgottenthatyou’renospringchickenanymore?”hereplied.“Iwanttotry”ItoldTomwith_____33_____.Thatconversationwaseightyearsago.Sincethen,Ihavedevelopedathrivinglittlebusiness.It’sdefinitelyfuntobewithkids,butthere’sanother_____34_____.I’vemetsomanyneighborsnow.Andit_____35_____myheartwhenIopenmyfrontdoorandhear,“Goodmorning,MsMary!”21.A.packingup B.showingup C.hangingabout D.settlingdown22.A.interactions B.introductions C.meetings D.interviews23.A.urgent B.terrible C.different D.valuable24.A.determined B.new C.accessible D.available25.A.accepted B.agreed C.answered D.arrived26A.jogged B.drove C.walked D.rushed27.A.greeted B.welcomed C.reminded D.informed28.A.demands B.instructions C.proposals D.regulations29.A.Makingout B.Findingout C.Pickingout D.workingout30.A.pity B.puzzle C.relief D.surprise31.A.occasionally B.repeatedly C.roughly D.scarcely32.A.fruitful B.enjoyable C.exhausting D.exciting33.A.caution B.confusion C.determination D.hesitation34.A.benefit B.convenience C.possibility D.opportunity35.A.calms B.strengthens C.wins D.warms【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.B32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在偶然幫助鄰居照顧孩子后，感受到了樂趣，決定把照顧孩子這件事堅(jiān)持下去，并在這個過程中感受到了溫暖和快樂?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：在新家安頓下來的頭幾個星期，我們向鄰居揮手致意，但除了快速的介紹，我們還沒有真正建立起聯(lián)系。A.packingup收拾行李；B.showingup出現(xiàn)；C.hangingabout閑逛；D.settlingdown安頓下來。根據(jù)上文可知，我們?nèi)覜Q定搬到溫暖的南卡羅來納州，再結(jié)合空格后“newhouse”可知，是在新家安頓下來的頭幾個星期里，我們和鄰居打招呼。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在新家安頓下來的頭幾個星期，我們向鄰居揮手致意，但除了快速的介紹，我們還沒有真正建立起聯(lián)系。A.interactions相互影響；B.introductions介紹；C.meetings會議；D.interviews訪談。根據(jù)上文可知，我們是新搬到這里來的，再結(jié)合生活常識可知，新的住戶應(yīng)該是向鄰居進(jìn)行自我介紹。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她有急事要處理，但找不到保姆。A.urgent緊急的；B.terrible可怕的；C.different不同的；D.valuable貴重的。根據(jù)下文“Shequicklylistedsome_____andthenrushedout.”可知，當(dāng)我到達(dá)后，孩子的母親很快列出了一些要求，然后沖出去了，由此可推斷出，她有急事要處理。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我有空，我給她發(fā)了條短信，給了她我的電話號碼。A.determined堅(jiān)決的；B.new新的；C.accessible可進(jìn)入的；D.available有空的。根據(jù)后文可知，我去她家里幫助她照顧孩子，由此可知，當(dāng)時(shí)我是有空的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她立刻打電話來?！澳闶蔷让魅?！”這是我接電話時(shí)得到的問候。A.accepted接受；B.agreed同意；C.answered回答，接電話；D.arrived到達(dá)。根據(jù)句中“Shecalledimmediately.”可知，女人給我打電話了，由此可知，這里指接電話時(shí)聽到了她說“你是救命恩人！”故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她離我只有兩個街區(qū)遠(yuǎn)，所以我走過去見她。A.jogged慢跑；B.drove開車；C.walked走，步行；D.rushed沖。根據(jù)句中“Shewasjusttwoblocksaway”可知，女人的家離我家很近，由此可推斷出，我是步行去她家見她。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這是Macy，”她告訴我。A.greeted打招呼；B.welcomed歡迎；C.reminded提醒；D.informed告知。根據(jù)句中“ThisisMacy”可知，女人在向我介紹她的女兒，由此可知，她告訴我“這是Macy”，“informed”意為“告知”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她很快列出了一些要求，然后沖出去了。A.demands要求；B.instructions指示；C.proposals建議；D.regulations規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，我是來幫助女人照顧她的女兒的，由此可知，女人是針對照顧女兒這件事給我提出了一些要求。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：挑了一些，我邀請Macy和我坐在一起。A.Makingout辨認(rèn)出；B.Findingout找出；C.Pickingout挑出；D.workingout計(jì)算出。根據(jù)上文“abasketfilledwithtoddler(幼童)books”可知，我是在一籃子幼兒書中挑出了幾本。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：找到了一本我反復(fù)讀過的經(jīng)典書真是令人驚訝。A.pity遺憾；B.puzzle迷；C.relief寬慰；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)句中“acopyofaclassicbookI’dread_____”可知，我竟然找到了一本我曾經(jīng)讀過多次的書，由此可知，這是令人驚訝的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：找到了一本我反復(fù)讀過的經(jīng)典書真是令人驚訝。A.occasionally偶爾地；B.repeatedly反復(fù)地；C.roughly粗略地；D.scarcely幾乎不。根據(jù)下文“Ireciteditfrommemory”可知，我可以憑記憶背誦這本書，由此可知，我是反復(fù)讀過這本書。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Macy的母親回來時(shí)，我已經(jīng)度過了一個愉快的下午。A.fruitful碩果累累的；B.enjoyable愉快的；C.exhausting使人筋疲力竭的；D.exciting令人興奮的。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)aughedheartilyfromtimetotimeatMacy’scutequestions”可知，因?yàn)镸acy提出的可愛問題，我不時(shí)開懷大笑，由此可知，我度過了一個愉快的下午。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你忘了你不再是年輕人了嗎？”他回答?！拔蚁朐?/p>