【河南中考英語解題技巧】閱讀技巧-細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測(cè)題(原卷版)

閱讀技巧--細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測(cè)題考點(diǎn)一細(xì)節(jié)理解題一、細(xì)節(jié)理解類題目常見的設(shè)問方式ofthefollowingistrue/false/mentioneddoesthewriterpaytheleastattentiontotherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.ofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue/falseexcept...ofthefollowingisnottheresultof...ofthefollowingbestcharacterizesthemainfeatureof...二、快速辨認(rèn)和記憶事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié).查讀法查讀是在讀者對(duì)材料有所了解的情況下進(jìn)行的。查讀的特點(diǎn)是帶著問題尋找答案。(1)用略讀的方法通讀閱讀材料,對(duì)原文有一個(gè)大概的了解,掌握其主旨。(2)按文章的體裁,如按記敘文、說明文和議論文等及作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞,如forexample,first,second等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。(3)把主要精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形掃視，直至找到你所需要的部分。待找到你所需要的部分時(shí),可放慢速度,細(xì)讀要查找的內(nèi)容。.按段落組織模式閱讀如:時(shí)間型段落作者在記敘或說明歷史人物或事件時(shí),往往按時(shí)間先后的順序組織細(xì)節(jié)。這種按時(shí)間順序組織細(xì)節(jié)的段落模式叫作時(shí)間型段落。時(shí)間型段落都有明顯的信息詞。如first,then,afterwards,shortlyafterthat,later,next,after,before,atlast,finally等。略讀時(shí),通過上述信息確定是否為“時(shí)間型”段落,然后按時(shí)間信息詞的先后順序進(jìn)行查閱,尋找有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)。這種按時(shí)間模式閱讀的方法,有助于讀者快速尋找細(xì)節(jié),記住細(xì)節(jié)?？键c(diǎn)四詞義猜測(cè)題.題型特點(diǎn)這類題型旨在考查學(xué)生利用上下文對(duì)詞、詞組以及句子的辨別能力。利用上下文猜測(cè)詞義是閱讀理解的基本技巧之一,也是我們學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的主要方法。在閱讀過程中,有些同學(xué)一遇到生僻詞語就求助詞典,這是不可取的。一遇到生僻詞語就查閱詞典不但會(huì)使我們養(yǎng)成依賴詞典的習(xí)慣,而且還會(huì)影響閱讀速度。我們閱讀漢語文章時(shí)遇到不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞語是否都查詞典呢答案是否定的?？墒俏覀?nèi)绾卫斫馑鼈兡乩蒙舷挛奶崾静聹y(cè)詞義就是訣竅。詞義猜測(cè)題的類型主要有三種:熟詞新義要求學(xué)生在某一特定的語言環(huán)境中推斷某一多義詞的正確意思;生詞釋義要求學(xué)生根據(jù)范圍較小的上下文推斷出詞義;難句釋義要求學(xué)生根據(jù)范圍稍大的上下文推斷句意。.詞義猜測(cè)題主要的設(shè)問方式What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase...inChineseTheunderlinedword…refersto/probablymeans...Theunderlinedword…couldbereplacedby...Whatisthemeaningof...Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword....詞義猜測(cè)題的解題技巧(1)通過因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義通過因果關(guān)系猜詞,首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章會(huì)借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等)來猜測(cè)詞義。例Youshouldn'thaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasn'thisfault.解析通過for連接的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò)),可猜出blame的詞義是“責(zé)備”。(2)通過同義詞和同義關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義在文章中,有時(shí)作者為避免重復(fù),或?yàn)榱吮磉_(dá)同一事物的不同種類,使用同義詞或近義詞。在這種情況下,我們就可以利用同義詞、近義詞的關(guān)系從熟悉的詞語推測(cè)不熟悉詞語的含義。通過同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，如happyandgay,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞,也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思;二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞。(3)通過反義詞和反義關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義有時(shí)作者為了說明相反的兩件事或人,使用了一些反義詞或表示反義關(guān)系的詞語來進(jìn)行對(duì)比,我們可以利用已知單詞推測(cè)未知單詞的詞義。通過反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如but,while,however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語。例Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.解析根據(jù)“notatallashandsome...”我們不難推測(cè)出homely是“不英俊,不漂亮”的意思。(4)通過構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義在閱讀文章時(shí),我們總會(huì)遇上一些新詞匯,有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來推斷其詞義,而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用,此時(shí),若掌握了一些常用的詞根、前綴、后綴等構(gòu)詞法知識(shí),這些問題便不難解決了。(5)通過定義或釋義關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義定義或解釋形式多樣，常由is,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,call,mean,beconsideredtobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent,signify等詞匯或破折號(hào)來表示。作者為了更好地表達(dá)思想，在文章中對(duì)一些重要的概念、難懂的術(shù)語或詞匯等進(jìn)行解釋。這些解釋提供的信息具有明確的針對(duì)性,利用它們猜詞義比較容易。如果生詞是句子或段落所解釋的定義,理解句子或段落本身就是推斷詞義。(6)根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義①有些單詞并不能直接猜測(cè)出其詞義,但可以根據(jù)上下文的提示猜測(cè)出其詞義。例OneofthethingsIalwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis,youcantakesomethingpositiveoutofit.Itwasn’tuntilafewweeksafterSeptember11thatIbegantoseethatperhapssomegooddidcomefromthistragedy.Theword“positive”inthepassageprobablymeans.解析根據(jù)上文“我一直認(rèn)為不管世間的事物有多么糟,你還是能發(fā)現(xiàn)它積極的一面”可知答案是C。②在句子或段落中，若事物、現(xiàn)象之間構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，我們可以根據(jù)這種邏輯關(guān)系推測(cè)生詞詞義。例Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisalldon'tliketobewithhim.Theunderlinedphrase“allwet”means.解析根據(jù)下文“我不喜歡跟他在一起”可知，他如果認(rèn)為能約我出去，那就“錯(cuò)了”。因此D是正確答案。(7)根據(jù)生活常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義有時(shí),我們利用自己的生活常識(shí),便可知道生詞的含義。例Adeaf-and-dumbguywentintoahardwarestoretoaskforsomenails.解析從句子意思可知他想買釘子,那么賣釘子的商店無疑是五金店。(8)利用單詞的發(fā)音進(jìn)行推測(cè)英語中有些單詞來自漢語，與漢語的發(fā)音有些相似，另外也有一些單詞譯成漢語時(shí)采用音譯，如:sofa(沙發(fā)),coffee(咖啡),typhoon(臺(tái)風(fēng)),aspirin(阿司匹林),nylon(尼龍)等。因此，利用單詞的發(fā)音也是一種猜測(cè)的手段。例TheOlympicGamesbeganinthe5thcenturyBC.OnedayitwasrevealedthatMrsMorelhadcancerandwasbeyondanyhelpexceptthatofmorphine.解析上面這兩個(gè)句子中畫線的兩個(gè)詞,只要我們能準(zhǔn)確發(fā)音,就能知道它們的意思是“奧林匹克”和“嗎啡”。真題訓(xùn)練CaiLuninventedpaperaround2,000yearsagoinChina.Itisanimportantinvention.Beforetheinventionofpaper,peoplehadtorememberlotsofinformationorwriteitonstone,wood,leaves,etc.Todayeveryoneintheworldusespaper.Withpaper,wecanmakebooksandprintnewspapers.Sharinginformationisaloteasierwiththehelpofpaper.Peopleusepapereveryday.Studentsdohomeworkandkeepadiaryonpaper.Paperisagreatinvention.AlanTuringwasborninLondon,England,in1912.HeattendedCambridgeUniversityfrom1931to1934.Turingwasamathematician（數(shù)學(xué)家）andacomputerscientist.ManypeoplecalledTuringthefatherofcomputerscience.Hecreatedthefirstdesign（設(shè)計(jì)）foramoderncomputer.Turingwantedtoknowifamachinecouldthinkforitselfandtricksomeoneintobelievingtheywerehavingaconversationwithanotherperson.ThisbecameknownastheTuringtest.Inthetest,ahumantalkedtotwootherpeoplethroughacomputer.Onewasamachine,andtheotherwasaperson.Thisideaisstillusedtoday.waspaperinventedbyCaiLun2,000yearsago.200yearsago.1,000yearsago.100yearsago.candothefollowingthingswithpaperEXCEPT.information newspaperstheTuringtest bookspeopleconsideredAlanTuringtobe.inventorofprinting fatherofmoderneducationinventorofpaper fatherofcomputerscienceordertohavethetest,Turingneeded.people,onecomputerandamachinepeople,onecomputerandamachinepeople,twocomputersandamachineperson,onecomputerandamachinethepassage,weknowCaiLun'sinventionandTuring'sideaaretoaccept usedanymoretopeople usedtodayLiShizhen（李時(shí)珍）wasoneofthemostfamousdoctorsinChinesehistory.HewasborninQichun,Hubeiin1518.BothofLiShizhen'sfatherandgrandfatherweredoctors.LiShizhen'sgrandfatherwasacountrydoctorwhotraveledinthecountrysidewithabagofherbs（藥草）andmedicationsandcured（治愈）people.Hisfatherwasadoctorwhowroteseveralbooks.LiShizhenusedtohelphisfatherinhismedicalpracticewhenhewasyoung.LiShizhen'sfatherwantedhimtoenterpolitics（從政）.LiShizhenstudiedfortheexamsandpassedthecountry-levelexamination,buthewasneverabletopasstheimperial（帝國的）examination.Whenhewas38,hecuredthesonofthePrinceofChuandwasinvitedtobeanofficialinthatcourt（宮廷）.Afewyearslater,hebecameanofficialattheImperialMedicalInstitute.Eventhoughhefulfilledhisfather'sdream,hedidn'twanttocontinueworkingforthecourt.Oneyearlater,heleftthecourtandreturnedtobeadoctoragain.LiShizhenwasfamousforhisbook,CompendiumofMateriaMedica（《本草綱目》）.Hespent27yearswritingthebook.Unluckily,LiShizhendiedbeforethebookwasofficiallypublished.Itissuchasuccessfulbook.NowitisstilloneofthemostimportantmedicalbooksinChina.wasLiShizhen’sgrandfatherofficial. prince.countrydoctor. writer.didLiShizhen’sfatherwantLiShizhentodobeadoctor. writeabook.beaprince. enterpolitics.hewas38,LiShizhencured.grandfathersonofthePrinceofChuofficialinthatcountryfamousdoctortothepassage,whatwasLiShizhenfamousforforthecourt.book,CompendiumofMateriaMedica.longtraveling.alotofpeople.doesthepassagemainlytalkaboutShizhen’slife.Shizhen’sgrandfather’slife.Shizhen’sfather’slife.Shizhen’sbook.Don’tJudgeaBookbyItsCoverEversinceIwasalittlegirl,I’velovedreadingcrimeanddetective（偵探）novels,soIguessitwasprettynormalthatIstartedwritingthemwhenIwasolder.However,myfamilyisverybigonhavingatraditionalcareer（職業(yè)）andsowhenIsaidthatIwantedtogotocollegeandstudywriting,myparentstoldmethatIcouldn't.TheytoldmethatIhadtostudyforadegreesothatIwouldachieveacareer,andnotsomethingasriskyaswriting.IsupposeIcouldhavestudiedjournalism（新聞專業(yè)）,butIdidn'twanttoloseinterestinwritingbecauseitwouldbesomethingIwoulddoeverydayforwork,notforpleasure.Ithoughtthatteachinglookedlikeaprettygoodcompromise（妥協(xié)）,especiallybecauseofthelongholidays.Itwasagoodchoice:bythetimeIwastwenty-five,IDdalreadyfinishedtwonovelsandhadanagent.Tobehonest,Inevermeanttokeepmybeingacrimewriterasecretoranything,andmyfriendshavealwaysknown.Oneofthereasonsmostpeopledon’tknowisbecausemyagenttoldmethatmynameHazelsoundedtoomuchlikearomance（浪漫）novelistforolderwomen.ShesuggestedBrookeLaneandIthought,“Well,ifyouthinkit’llmakemesuccessful,okay.”I’dtotallyforgottenaboutituntilIwalkedintoschoolonedayandsawoneofmyworkmatesreadingmynovel.Iaskedhersomequestionsaboutit,anditwassoclearthatshehadnoideathatIDdwrittenit—sheevenofferedtolendittomeaftershe’dfinished!Ofcourse,sometimesIwonderwhatmystudentswouldthinkiftheyknewthattheirteacherwasgoinghomeontheweekendtowriteaboutmurdersanddeadbodies,butIthinkmyparentsprobablydidmeafavor:myteachingjobkeepsmeintouchwiththerealworld.isprobably.agent journalistteacherandartistteacherandwriterunderlinedwords“isverybigon”inthepassagemostprobablymean.givenoadvicelikesomethingverymuchhavemoreexperiencesmisunderstandsomething’sclearthatHazel.tostudyjournalismforadegreeBrookeLaneasherpennameliketowritesomethingforteachingherworkmatesaboutherwritingnovelsfinallyrealizedthatherparents,adviceonhercareerwas.caninferfromthepassagethat.likesshowingoffinpublicsstudentsallwanttowritenovelssagenthasplayedaroleinhersuccesswomenpreferthenameBrooketoHazel四World-famousphysicist（物理學(xué)家）StephenHawkingdiedpeacefullyathishomeinCambridgeonMarch14th,2021.HawkingwasborninOxford,EnglandonJanuary8th,1942.HewenttoschoolinasmallcitynearLondon.Ashehimselfadmitted,hewasn’tveryseriousaboutstudying.Hedidverylittlework;hewasnevertopofhisclass.However,hestillachievedgoodmarks.Afterleavingschool,HawkingfirstwenttoOxfordUniversitytostudyphysics.ThenhewenttoCambridgeUniversitytostudycosmology（宇宙學(xué)）.Attheageof21,Hawkingnoticedsomethingwrongwithhim.Hehadabadillnessthatstoppedhimfrommovingandtalking.Hecouldn'tcommunicateexceptbyblinking（眨眼）.Hesatonawheelchairwithacomputerbyhisside.Tocommunicatewithothers,hemovedtwofingerstocontrolthecomputer’smouse.Hechosehiswordsfromthescreen,whichwerethenspokenbyavoicesynthesizer（音響合成器）.“I’vehadthediseaseformostofmylife,”Hawkingoncesaid.“Yetithasnotstoppedmefrombeingsuccessfulatmywork.”AlthoughHawkingwasadisabledman,hemadegreatachievements.Hereceivedmanyawardsandprizesforhiswork,includingtheAlbertEinsteinAward—thehighestachievementinphysics.HawkingworkedatCambridgeUniversityasaprofessor.Hisstoryshowsthatnobody,howeverbadtheirsituationis,shouldlosehope.“Lifeisnotfair,”heoncesaid.“Youjusthavetodothebestyoucaninyourownsituation.”didStephenHawkingpassawayJanuary8th,1942.March14th,2021.March24th,2021.studyinginasmallcitynearLondon,weknowthat.HawkingwasthebeststudentofhisclassHawkingdidn’tworkhardathislessonsHawkingbegantostudycosmologyhappenedtoStephenHawkingwhenhewas21wassomethingwrongwithhishead.couldn’tevenblinktocommunicateexceptbymovingfingers.couldneithertalknormove.didStephenHawkingcommunicatewithothersafterthebadillnessmouth.bodylanguages.avoicesynthesizer.wasStephenHawkingsosuccessfulathisworkheneverlosthopeinhisowncondition.lifewasnotfairtohim.hehadabadillness.五There’smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdifferentlyinwaterthaninair.Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.Youmightfindyourselfreachingouttotouchsomethingandcompletelymissingit.Objectsunderwaterwillappearlargerthantheywouldonthesurface,too.Becarefulnottotellanystoriesaboutthebigfishthatgotaway.Thatfishmightnotbesobigafterall!It’sjustbecausesometimesthingscanseemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!What’smore,indeeperwater,colorsjustdon’tseemasbright.Infact,itlooksasifsomecolorsaremissing.Rememberthecolorofanobjectresultsfromthewavelengths（波長）oflightthatarereflected（反射）fromitssurface.Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.Swimmerswearwetsuitstokeepwarmunderwater.Let’stakeabrightred,yellow,andbluewetsuitasanexample.Thesecolorsarehardtomissonthesurfaceofwater.Watchcarefullythechangesincolorasyoudescendinthewater.Theredpartnowlooksalmostblackbecausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamongthesethreecolors,aremissing.Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpartandintheendtothebluepart.Evenataplaceofabout6to9metersunderwater,youwilllookterrible,likeaghost（鬼怪）！Andyouhavetowaitforyourreturntothesurfacetoenjoythebrightcolorsagain!misstheobjectunderwaterwhenyouwanttotouchitbecause.eyesightisquitepoorarenotquickenoughisnotascloseasitseemsdisappearsveryquicklyexampleofthewetsuitisusedtoexplainthechangeofofanobjectunderwater.sizecolorpositionweightunderlinedword“descend”probablymeansinChineseinthispassage.A.上升 B.漂浮 C.屏息D.下潛ofthefollowingistruefour-meter-longfishlooksthreemeterslongunderwater.wavelengthsofredlightarelongerthanthoseofbluelight.waterwillbetakeninbytheswimmerdeepinthewater.willseeaghostifyougoasdeepas6to9metersintothesea.besttitleofthispassageis.StandardofColorUnderwaterDirectionofLightUnderwaterBrightnessofColorUnderwaterBehaviorofLightUnderwater六Travelingcanbeexpensive.Buttherearesomewaystosavemoneywhentraveling.Trysomeoftheadvicebelowonyournextvacationandyourwalletwillthankyou.Lookforcitytourismcards.Withthecard,youcanpaylessatrestaurantsandshops.Youdon’thavetowaitforalongtimeatbusyattractions.Youmightevengetfreeticketstotoptouristattractions.Citytourismcardscansaveyourmoneyandtimewithoutquestion.Don’tgetthebestroom.HowlongwillyoustayinyourroomWillyoujustbesleepingthereDoyoureallyneedabiggerroomwithagoodview（景色）Findahoteloutsideacity.Itcanhelpyousavesomemoneybychoosingahotelawayfrombigtouristattractions,foryouarealwaysdoingthesame—gototheattractionsandthenreturntoyourhoteltosleep.Book（預(yù)訂）aroomwithakitchen.Althoughsomepeoplemightnotliketocookwhileonvacation,Idon'tmindmakingbreakfastinmyroom.Wealwayseatatanicerestaurantonourlastnightofthevacation.I’drathereatbreakfastandlunchatthehotelandthenspendmuchmoneyonadelicioussupper.閱讀上面的信息,選擇正確答案。,youcanpaylessatrestaurantsandshops.cards cardscards cardsunderlinedwords“touristattractions”inParagraph2mean.A.旅游方式 B.旅游設(shè)施C.旅游手冊(cè) D.旅游景點(diǎn)savesomemoney,thewriteradvisestouriststo.thebestroomnearbigtouristattractionsawayfrombigtouristattractionsamapwiththemwhentravelingwriterpreferstomakebreakfastandlunchinthehotelbecause.arehealthierandmoredeliciouslikescookersinthehotelarenotanyrestaurantsintheneighborhood’dratherspendmuchmoneyonadelicioussupperdoesthepassagemainlytalkabouttosavemoneywhentraveling.togetatourismcard.tofindahoteloutsideacity.tobookaroomontheInternet.七Asanexchangestudent,Imustadmit（承認(rèn)）thatatfirstAmericawasabigcultureshockforme.Istayedwithahostfamilyinasmalltown.MyhostparentsorganizedalotofactivitiesformeinmysparetimesothatIwouldn’tmisshomeorfeellonely.However,lifewashardtogetusedto.Mymainproblemwaswiththelanguage.Ifailedtounderstandmuchinthefirstfewweeksbecauseeveryonespokesofast.ThoughIsoonmanagedtogetusedtoit,Istillhadproblemsbecausetheyusedalotofidioms（習(xí)語）.Anotherdifferencewasthefood.Myhostfamilyalwayshadbread,potatoesandsaladformeals.Ireallymissedthedumplings,riceanddeliciousdishesfromhome.Schoolwasabigshocktoo.Theydonotrequirestudentstowearuniforms,sostudentscanwearalmostwhatevertheylike.Somestudentshavestrangehairstyles（發(fā)型后$well.Somestudentsevenhavepinkorpurplehair!—ByBradLiMydreamwastoseesomerealsnow,soduringtheChristmasholiday,wetookourpassports（護(hù)照）andflewoverthePacifictoCalgary,Canada.WetookabustoaskiresortintheCanadianRockies.Asthebusclimbedthroughthemountains,wesawthethicksnowonthetrees.Iwasdyingtogetoutandplaywithit!Atlast,wereachedtheresortandquicklyjumpedoutofthebus.Thiswasourfirstexperiencewithsnow.Wewerelikelittlechildren—wemadesnowballs,andthrewthematoneanother!Thenwecheckedinatthehotel.Thenextday,weputonourskisuitsandgloves,tookourskisandwentoutsideontothesnow.Ourinstructortookustoagentleslope（斜坡），andshowedussomebasicskills.Tobehonest,thatfirstlessonwasnotagreatsuccess.Ikeptonfallingover,andIhadtoholdontoaropetokeepmybalance（平衡）.However,thenextday,Ionlyfelloverafewtimes,andImanagedtodoafewrapidruns.Ifeltpleasedwithmyself,andmyinstructortoldmeIwasdoingmuchbetter.Althoughitwasverycold,Ispentmostofmyholidayskiing.Ihadawonderfultime.—ByVanessaLiseemedtotellusthathishostparents.veryactiveverykindlonelyunhappyofthefollowingshowsAmericawasabigcultureshockforBradLiusedalotofidioms.lonelystayedwithahostfamilyinasmalltown.hostfamilyalwayshaddumplingsformeals.arenotrequiredtowearuniformsatschool.;c ;d;d ;clandingonCalgaryairport,Vanessawenttoaskiresort.bus trainship planedidVanessareact（反應(yīng)）whenshesawthesnowforthefirsttimewasdyingwhenshegotoutandplayedwithit.wasafraidofdeathtogetoutandplaywithit.wantedverymuchtogetoutandplaywithit.wastoonervoustogetoutandplaywithit.pictureshowsthatVanessa’sfirstlessonwasnotagreatsuccessbestwordtodescribethetwowriters'experiencesinanothercountryis“八Tomwasaneight-year-oldboy.Hewassicktodeathofschoolbecausehedidn,twanttodohishomework.Hewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodoit.Whenhesneezed（打噴嚏）orhadaheadache,hetoldhismomhewasseriouslyillandhecouldn’tdohishomework.ThoughTom’smomwasangry,shedidn’tknowhowtodealwithhim.Mostofthetime,Tomwenttoschoolwithoutfinishinghishomework.Eventhoughhefinishedhishomeworkindeed,heusuallydiditverycarelessly.OneThursdayevening,Tomtoldhismomthathecouldn’tdohishomeworkbecausehewashavingafever.Afterhismomtookhistemperature,sherealizedthatTomdidn’ttellthetruth.Sohehadtodohishomework.Tohismom’ssurprise,thelightinTom’sbedroomwasstillonatmidnight.HismomopenedthedoorquietlyandfoundTomwasalreadyasleep.Hishomeworkwasonlyhalfcompleted.Thenextmorning,Tomwenttoschoolasusual.Helefthishomeworkathomeonpurpose.WhenTomreturnedhomefromschool,hismomasked,“DidyourteacherpunishyoutodayIknowyoudidn’tfinishyourhomeworklastnight.”“No,mom,”Tomanswered.“Howdidyoumakeit”hismomaskedhim.“Whatdidyousaytotheteacher”“Itoldmyteacherthatanaccidenthappenedtomethismorning.”“What”Tom’smomlookedathimwitheyeswide.“Theschoolbusfellintothepoolonmywaytoschool,”Tomcontinued.“Iclimbedoutofthepool,butmyhomeworkdidn’tclimboutofthepool.”“「Tom'smomsaid.“Ofcourse,Idon’t,”Tomsaid.“Butmyteacherdoesn’tknowthat.”underlinedwords“wassicktodeathof”mostprobablymean.satisfiedwithwenttoschoolwithoutfinishinghishomeworkmostofthetimebecause.sufferedfromaseriousdiseasewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodohishomeworkmomdidn’twanthimtodohishomeworkmidnightonThursday,.wasasleepwiththelightonwasstayingupdoinghishomeworkfellasleepandhishomeworkwascompletedofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageTomhadaheadache,hismomwouldhelphimdohishomework.fact,Tomdidn’thaveafeverthatThursdayevening.thestudentsbesidesTomontheschoolbushadanaccidentthatFridaymorning.5.“"canbethemissingsentenceinthepassage.thereisnopoolonyourwaytoschoolyouhavefinishedyourhomeworkyoudon’ttaketheschoolbusAnimalsgrowupindifferentways.Somenewbornanimalsarehelplessbuttheirmothersprotectthem.Anewbornkangarooisverysmall.Itisonlyafewcentimeters(cm)long.ItclosesitseyesanddoesnDthavehair.Itstayssafeinitsmother'spouch(育兒袋)foralongtime.Anewbornmonkeycannotwalk.Itsmothercarriesiteverywhere.Otherbabyanimalscanwalksoonafterthey’reborn.Theylearntorunwiththeirmotherswhendangerisnear.Ababyzebracanrun,anhourafteritisborn.Somebabyanimalsareborninaplacethatissafe.Babywolvesareusuallyborninbigholeswithlittlelight.Otherbabyanimalsarebornintheopen.Ababyelephantisoftenbornonopenland.Animalsthatdrinktheirmothers’milkarecalledmammals.Amotherbear’smilkisrich.Babybearshavemilkforafewmonths.Thisisthesamewithbabyzebras.Asbabyanimalsgrow,theyneedsolid(固體的)food.Babylionseatwhattheirmothercancatch!tothepassage,manynewbornanimalsneedtheirmothers'helpbecausethebabiescan′t.afterthemselves anyfood bythemselvesnewbornmonkey'smothercarriesiteverywherebecause.isverysmall can’twalk closesitseyeswolvesareusuallybornina(n)place.mammals'mainfoodis.

milkfoodanimalsmilkfoodanimalsmanykindsofbabyanimalsarementionedinthispassage...十Adoctorenteredthehospitalhurriedlyafterbeingcalledinforanimportantsurgery（夕卜科手術(shù)）.Hefoundtheboy’sfatherinthehallwaitingworriedly.Onseeinghim,thefathercriedout,“WhydidyoutakeallthistimetocomeDon’tyouknowthatmysonisindangerDon’tyouhaveanysenseofduty”Thedoctorsmiledandsaid,“Iamsorry.Iwasn’tinthehospitalandIcameasfastasIcouldafterreceivingthecallandnow,Iwishyou’dcalmdownsothatIcandomywork.”“Calmdown!WhatifyoursonwasinthisroomrightnowWouldyoucalmdownIfyourownsondieswhilewaitingforadoctor,thenwhatwillyoudo”saidthefatherangrily.Thedoctorsmiledagainandreplied,“Wewilldoourbestandyoushouldalsopray（祈禱）foryourson'shealthylife.”Thesurgerytooksomehoursafterwhichthedoctorwentouthappily,“Thankgoodness!Yoursonissaved!”Andwithoutwaitingforthefather’sreplyhecarriedonrunning,saying,“Ifyouhaveanyquestions,askthenurse.”“Couldn’thewaitsomeminutessothatIcanaskaboutmyson’sstate”shoutedthefatherwhenseeingthenurseminutesafterthedoctorleft.Thenurseanswered,tearscomingdownherface.“Hissondiedyesterdayinaroadaccident.Hewasattheburial（葬禮）whenwecalledhimforyourson'ssurgery.Andnowthathesavedyourson'slife,heleftrunningtofinishhisson’sburial.”根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。didthedoctordoafterhereceivedthecallforthesurgeryaskedanotherdoctortodohisduty.wenttothehospitalassoonaspossible.discussedtheboy'sstatewiththefather.waiteduntilhisson'sburialwasfinished.fathershoutedatthedoctorbecausehethought.hadwaitedtoolongonecaredforhissondoctorwascoldtohimsurgerytookalongtimetoldthetruthtothefatherintheenddoctor. nurse.son. patient.mightthefatherfeelafterheknewthetruthisthebesttitleforthetextisbelievingwaitsfornomanmakesperfectbeforeyoudecide十一Manypeopletraveltodifferentplacesintheworldbyittakesalongtime,perhapshalfaday,forpassengerstostayintheplane.Soairlines（航空公司）offerpassengersfood.Butitiscommonthattheyfeelbadaboutfoodtaste.DoyouagreeTosolvethisproblem,airlinestryhardtoimprovetheirfood.Theywouldliketodosobecausetheydon’twanttolosecustomers.However,accordingtoscientificresearch,partofthereasonwhyplanefoodtastesbadisthatathighaltitude（海拔）wecannottastethingsaswellaswedoontheground.Alsoscientistshavefoundthatournosesbecomeverydryevenbeforeaplanetakesoff.Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressure（氣壓）reducesonethirdofthesensibility（感覺）ofourtastebuds（味蕾）.Soourtastebudsbecomesenseless.Thesadfact,however,isthatournosesdon’tknowit.Allofthesehelpexplainwhyfoodontheplanetastessobad.Theyalsohelpexplainwhyairlineschoosetoofferpassengerssaltyandspicy（辛辣的）food.Withoutdoingso,thefoodwouldbetasteless.Nowtherearemanyresearchesonthis.Accordingtooneofthem,somevolunteersareaskedtoliewiththeirfeethigherthantheirheadsforweeks.Andscientistswritedowntheirfeelingsaboutfoodtaste.Thoughscientiststrytheirbest,itisnotaseasyastheythought.BecausetheycanDtdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully,suchasthechangeinairpressure,makingfoodtastegoodisstillhardforthem.Paragraph2,“thisproblem”means.staylongintheplaneontheplanetastesbadhavenofoodtoeatontheplaneisexpensivedoairlinesdotosolvethisproblemmorecustomers.morefood.theirfood.theticketprice.theplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressurereducesofthesensibilityofourtastebuds.thirdfourth fifthdoscientistsfeelithardtomakefoodontheplanetastegoodvolunteersdon’tknowaboutfoodtaste.volunteersdon’tunderstandthem.can’tfindenoughvolunteers.can’tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully.isthebesttitleofthepassageofAirplaneFoodTravelResearchonNosesChangeinAirPressure十二WhatdoesBeijing’sPalaceMuseumlooklikeatnightManypeopledon’tknowtheanswertothisquestion,asitclosesataround4:30.inwinterand5:00.insummer.However,tocelebratetheLanternFestival,Beijing’sPalaceMuseumopeneditsdoortothepublicafterdark—fortwonightsonly.That’safirstin94years!Althoughpeoplecouldgetfreeticketsonthemuseum’swebsite,itwasdifficulttogetaticket.Thewebsiteevenstoppedworkingforawhilebecausetoomanypeoplevisiteditatthesametime.ZhangZhifu,a77-year-oldwoman,receivedaticketfromthemuseumasagift.“IgrewupinBeijingandIvisitthePalaceMuseumeveryyear,butInevergottoseeitatnight.Itistrulyanhonor,”shesaid.InthepastcelebratingtheLanternFestivalwasatraditionfortheimperial（皇帝的）family.“Wewanttopassthetraditiononandgivepeoplemorefestivalexperiences,”saidShanJixiang,theheadofthePalaceMuseum.OnthenightofFebruary19th,2021,about3,000visitorsspenttheLanternFestivalinthePalaceMuseum.’sPalaceMuseumclosesataround4:30.in.celebratetheLanternFestival,Beijing'sPalaceMuseumopenedafterdarkforonly.night nightsnightsnightsmuseum'swebsite