英語課件狀語從句講解

狀語從句定義：在復合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個句子。

九類狀語從句相關的連詞一、時間狀語從句

二、條件狀語從句三、比較狀語從句四、結果狀語從句五、原因狀語從句六、目的狀語從句七、讓步狀語從句八、地點狀語從句

九、方式狀語從句when,while,before,after,until,sinceif,unlessas…as,notas/so…as…,…than…so…that…,such…that…Because,as,forsothatevenif/though,though/althoughwhere/whereverasif,asthough1.時間狀語從句：引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞有：when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas,once…等。如：

Whenhewasstillayoungman,hewasforcedtoleavehishomelandforpoliticalreasons.Ithasbeen15yearssinceheleft.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.

Onceyouhavegotusedtoit,youwilllikeit.注意：（1）when,as,whilewhen既可引導持續(xù)性動作，又可引導短暫性動作。它可以表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，或從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前。如：WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同時）

Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（從句動作在前）As常引導持續(xù)性動作，側重主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Hesangashewalked.While：指的是“在某一時間里”，“在…期間”，從句里的動作必須是持續(xù)性的，它強調主句和從句動作的同時發(fā)生。如：

WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.

WhilewewerewatchingTV,hewaswritingacomposition.While也可做并列連詞，表示對照的意思。如：Heistallwhilehisbrotherisshort.

當when,as,while表示“在…一段時間里”，主從句的動作同時發(fā)生時，可以換用。如：

While(When或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.（2）如果when和before引導的從句位于主句之后，有時不要譯成“當…時候”和“在…之前”，而要譯成“就”、“才”、“這時”等。如：ThestrugglelastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.(3)bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作為連詞，引導時間狀語。如：Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.Youmustshowhiminimmediatelyhecomes.IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.Bythetimehewasfourteen,hehadtaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.(4)till和until①如果主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)動詞，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到…為止”。如：

Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.②如果主句謂語動詞是瞬間動詞，則用否定式的主句表示“直到…才”。如：Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.③放在句首表示強調時一般用until。如：Untilhereturns,nothingcanbedone.（5）時間狀語從句中謂語動詞不能用任何一種將來時，只能用現在時和過去時表示將來時。Itwasquitesometime____thepresidentmanagedtosavehisfirmfromnearbankruptcy.(2005.46)A.beforeB.thatC.whenD.until2.地點狀語從句：通常由連詞where和wherever引導,如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Whereveryougo,youmustwritetoyourparents.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.3.原因狀語從句：通常由連詞：because,as,since,nowthat引導。區(qū)別是:because：表示“因為”，直接而明確的原因和理由，語氣最強，why提問的句子一般都用because回答。Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.since：表示“既然”，語氣比because弱。Sinceyouarehere,youmustdoit.as：表示“因為”語氣比because弱，引導從句可放主句前也可放主句后。Youneedn’tgowithme,asyouarebusy.AsIwasafraid,Ihidmyself.nowthat意思與since相似，表示“既然”。Nowthatalltheguestshavearrived,let’shaveourdinner.注意：①在強調句中強調原因狀語從句，只能用because引導，不可用as或

since，如：Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.②because可以引導表語從句,而as,since不可以.It’sbecauseheistoolazy.③for也表示“因為”，語氣比較強。Itmustbemorning,forthebirdsaresinging.____yourealizeyourtroublewithEnglishlearning,youcantakesomeeffectivesteps.(2011.39)A.NowthatB.FromthenonC.EversinceD.Bynow4.目的狀語從句：通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase（以防、免得）等引導：Shemarriedhimsothatshemighttendandcomforthim.Iexplainedagainandagainincaseheshouldmisunderstandme.5.結果狀語從句：由so…that,such…that等引導：Thereweresomanypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tspeak.Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.6.條件狀語從句:由if,unless,aslongas(=solongas)(只要),等引導：Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theywillgiveoffpoisonousgases.Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail.Youcangoout,aslongas(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.

注意：條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)不可用將來時，只能用現在時態(tài)或過去時態(tài)表示將來時。Everyonecanborrowthisdictionary____hekeepsitclean;otherwisehewillhavetopayforthedamage.(2005.37)A.asfarasB.soasthatC.assoonasD.aslongas7.方式狀語從句：由連詞：as,asif,asthough引導：Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewerebreathing.asif和asthough意義和用法大致一樣，引導的從句多用虛擬語氣，但也可用陳述語氣。HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.Hewalkedasifhewasdrunk.

8.比較狀語從句：由連詞as…as,notso(as)…as,than等引導：Ithinkitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.

Noonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.Hecan’trunsofastasshe.

that引導比較狀語從句時，than前后必須為同一事物。（錯誤）Theweatherofthesouthiswetterthanthenorth.（正確）Theweatherofthesouthiswetterthanthatofthenorth.注意：“the+比較級(接從句)，the+比較級(接主句)，這一句型也歸在比較狀語從句內。如：Themore,thebetter.Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.Themorefriendsyouhave,thelesstimeyouwillspendoneachperson.9.讓步狀語從句：由though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引導.whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhoweverwh-evernomatterwhonomatterwhatnomatterwhichnomatterwhennomatterwherenomatterhownomatterwh-Whenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayse.Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.Taketheoneyoulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthink