2023屆湖南省衡陽縣高三3月教學質(zhì)量診斷性檢測英語試題 【含答案解析】

第1頁/共1頁2023屆高三教學質(zhì)量診斷性考試卷英語注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthewomanusetoforgettodo?A.Writedownthecalories.B.Countthecalories.C.Readthecalories.2.Whichcolourofacarpetdoesthemanlikebest?A.Blue.B.Red.C.Grey.3.Whydoesthemanfixthecarhimself?A.Hewantstosavemoney.B.Heisgoodatrepairingcars.C.Itiseasyforhimtorepairit.4.WhereisJennyworkingnow?A.Inahospital.B.Inacollege.C.Inadrugstore.5.Howdoesthewomangohometoday?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段對話，回答以下6-7小題。6.Whatdidthewomanorderatlast?A.Abeefsandwich.B.Ahotdog.C.Chickenbreast.7.Whereisthewoman?A.Inhercar.B.Atthecashier’sdesk.C.Inheroffice.聽第7段對話，回答以下8-9小題。8.Howlongwilltheman’sfriendbestayingintheapartment?A.Anothermonthormore.B.Atleasttwomonths.C.Lessthanamonth.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttheman’sfriendtodo?AMoveout.B.Findajobinamonth.C.Sharethehouseholdexpenses.聽第8段對話，回答以下10-12小題。10.Whatdidthewomandoduringtheweekend?A.Shehaddinnerinarestaurant.B.Shewatchedamovieinacinema.C.Shecelebratedhermother’sbirthday.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.Itisboring.B.Itisgreat.C.Itisconfusing.12.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSaturday?A.Buyabirthdaypresent.B.Visitsomefriends.C.Holdaparty.聽第9段對話，回答以下13-16小題。13.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inadepartmentstore.C.Inarestaurant.14.Whyisthemannervous?A.BecausethisishisfirsttimetoChina.B.BecauseheknowsnothingaboutChinesetablemanners.C.Becausehedoesn’tknowwhetherhelikesChinesefoodornot.15.What’stheruleoftablemannersthewomantellsthemantoobey?A.Tomakehimselfathome.B.Tolearntousechopsticks.C.Tochooselessstrongwines16.Whatdoesthemanhavedinnerwith?A.Chopsticks.B.Aknifeandfork.C.Aspoon.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下17-20小題。17.HowmanybookshasNicholasSparkssoldworldwide?A.Nearly65million.B.Nearly75million.C.Over97million.18.WhatdoestheNicholasSparksFoundationdo?A.Itteachesstudentsresponsibility.B.Itprovidesbookstoruralcommunities.C.Ithelpspoorkidsgetaneducation.19.WithwhomdidSparksfoundtheEpiphanySchool?A.Hiswife.B.Histeacher.C.Thecommunitycommittee.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutSparks?A.Allhisbookshavebeenmadeintomovies.B.Educationchangedhislife.C.HestartedaschoolinNewYork.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIt’snosecretthatsomeoftheworld’sbestskiresorts(勝地)arefoundwithinSwitzerland’soutstandingmountains.Herearesomeofthem.Grindelwald—WengenIfyou’relookingforaSwisspostcardskiexperience,thenGrindelwaldistheplaceforyou.ThebeautifulNorthFaceoftheEigertowersoverthisprettymountainvillage,whichhasalonghistoryofmountainclimbingandskiing.Itsmainskiareacanbeskiedonthesameliftticket!There’snobetterwaytogetupthemountainherethanbytrain.OpeningDate:Nov.26,2022ClosingDate:Apr.16,2023FlimsLaaxFaleraWhatpullsinskiersandsnowboardersfromallovertheworldtoFlimsLaaxFaleraaretheworld-classterrain(地形)parks.There’snodenyingthisskiresortisabighitwithfreestylers,butthere’salsoplentytoattractskiers.OpeningDate:Nov.28,2022ClosingDate:Apr.26,2023EngelbergEngelbergisarisingstarforarangeofgoodreasons,butthehighlightisthemassivefree-ridepotential.ThesecretismostdefinitelyoutasthetownfillsupeveryyearwithScandinaviansinsearchoftheirdrylightsnow.OpeningDate:Oct.152022ClosingDate:May21,2023ZermattZermattisthebestofSwitzerland’sskiresorts.Thisisyourresortifyouhavethemoneytoaffordit!Fantasticrestaurantsareseenalloverthemountain,servingSwisscheesehotpotandothercookingmasterpieces.OpeningDate:Nov.26,2022ClosingDate:Apr.30,20231.Whichskiresortdoyouchooseifyouenjoymountainvillages?A.Grindelwald-Wengen. B.FlimsLaaxFalera.C.Engelberg. D.Zermatt.2.WhatattractspeopletoFlimsLaaxFalera?A.Itsbeautifulsecenry. B.Itspleasantweather.C.Itsterrainparks. D.Itsfreeadmission.3.WhatisthemajorconcernoftravelerswhochooseZermatt?A.Transportation. B.Security.C.Price. D.Location.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了世界上最好的四個滑雪勝地?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grindelwald—Wengen部分中“ThebeautifulNorthFaceoftheEigertowersoverthisprettymountainvillage,whichhasalonghistoryofmountainclimbingandskiing.Itsmainskiareacanbeskiedonthesameliftticket!There’snobetterwaytogetupthemountainherethanbytrain.”（美麗的艾格峰北坡聳立在這個美麗的山村之上，這里有著悠久的登山運動和滑雪歷史。它的主要滑雪區(qū)域可以在同一電梯票上滑雪！在這里，沒有比坐火車上山更好的路了）可知，如果你想在滑雪區(qū)欣賞山村的景色，可以來Grindelwald—Wengen。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlimsLaaxFalera部分中“WhatpullsinskiersandsnowboardersfromallovertheworldtoFlimsLaaxFaleraaretheworld-classterrain(地形)parks.”（吸引世界各地的滑雪者和滑雪板愛好者到FlimsLaaxFalera的是世界級的地形公園）可知，吸引人們來FlimsLaaxFalera的原因是其世界級的地形公園。故選C。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zermatt部分中“ZermattisthebestofSwitzerland’sskiresorts.Thisisyourresortifyouhavethemoneytoaffordit!”（Zermatt是瑞士最好的滑雪勝地，只要你有錢，這里就是你的度假勝地?。┛芍?，當你選擇滑雪勝地Zermatt時，需要考慮的是你的經(jīng)濟能力。選項C與文意相符，故選C。BLiJianguo,a49-year-oldteacherattheTianjinVocationalInstitute,issettobenamedasoneofthe“2022mostbeautifulteachers”—anannualpublicawardsponsoredbythePublicityDepartmentoftheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommitteeandtheMinistryofEducation.Lihasstoodoutbytakingtheleadinthetrainingofstudentsinvocationalskills,gaininganumberofhonorsincludingbeingnamedasanationalrolemodelteacher.Hehasmentored(指導)sevennational-leveltechniqueexpertsandateamof14techniquemasters.Oneofhisstudents,GuoJinpeng,whograduatedfromtheinstitutein2007,becameacollegeteacherattheChengduAutoVocationalandTechnicalSchoolandwasnamedasanationalrolemodelteacherin2019.Li’snominationasoneofthe“2022mostbeautifulteachers”reflectsthatChinaisfocusingontheimportanceofvocationaleducationandaimstofoster(培養(yǎng))moreleadingpersonnelwiththespiritofcraftsmanshipinthemanufacturingindustry.AtaninternationalvocationalandtechnicaleducationconferenceinTianjinlastmonth,Linotedthatthereisnodifferencebetweenvocationaleducationandordinaryeducation,andvocationaleducationisnotsecondarynorshoulditeverbetreatedaslessthanordinaryeducation.“Vocationaleducationhasthemissionoffosteringaqualityworkforceandtechnicalexpertsforthecountry.Thehardworkingspiritisthekeytobuildinganyordinarypeopleintoleadingpersonnel,”hesaid.Lijoinedtheinstitutein1993andlaterfoundedamachineryengineeringpracticecenter,providingfreetrainingt07,500peopleaweek.In2015,heledateamofteacherstoworkfor40daystorepair124machinetoolsinthecenter.Lihasdevotedhimselftobuildingthecountry’sfirstadditivemanufacturingtechniqueandapplicationcenterattheinstitutetosatisfythethirstforthecountry’shumanresourcesin3Dprinting.4.WhydoestheauthormentionGuoJinpenginparagraph2?A.TomakeacomparisonwithLiJianguo.B.ToshowtheachievementsofLiJianguo.C.Topraisenational-leveltechniqueexperts.D.Topublicizenationalrolemodelteachers.5.WhatisLi’sopinionaboutvocationaleducation?A.Itisagoodwayofwinningawards.B.Itisnotasgoodasordinaryeducation.C.Itshoulddevelopqualifiedandskilledtalents.D.Ithasnothingtodowithhardworkingspirit.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLi’sjobattheinstitute?A.Boring. B.Well-paid. C.Difficult. D.Creative.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChinaSponsoringAnnualAwardforTeachersB.ChinaAimingtoDevelopMoreLeadingPersonnelC.DifferentEducationTrainingDifferentKindsofStudentsDAVocationalTeachertoBeAwardedasOneofthe“MostBeautifulTeachers”【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了被評為“2022年最美教師”之一的天津職業(yè)大學教師李建國，他為培養(yǎng)學生職業(yè)技能和國家技術(shù)專家做出了貢獻。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Lihasstoodoutbytakingtheleadinthetrainingofstudentsinvocationalskills,gaininganumberofhonorsincludingbeingnamedasanationalrolemodelteacher.Hehasmentored.sevennational-leveltechniqueexpertsandateamof14techniquemasters.(李老師在學生職業(yè)技能培訓方面處于領先地位，獲得了包括全國模范教師在內(nèi)的多項榮譽。他是導師。國家級技術(shù)專家7人，技術(shù)大師14人。)”可推知，作者在第二段提到郭金鵬是為了展示李建國的成就。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Vocationaleducationhasthemissionoffosteringaqualityworkforceandtechnicalexpertsforthecountry.(職業(yè)教育的使命是為國家培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)的勞動力和技術(shù)專家。)”可知，李建國認為職業(yè)教育應該培養(yǎng)合格、熟練的人才。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lihasdevotedhimselftobuildingthecountry’sfirstadditivemanufacturingtechniqueandapplicationcenterattheinstitutetosatisfythethirstforthecountry’shumanresourcesin3Dprinting.(為了滿足我國在3D打印領域的人力資源需求，李建國致力于在該研究所建設國內(nèi)首個增材制造技術(shù)與應用中心。)”可推知，李建國在學校的工作是有創(chuàng)造性的。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“LiJianguo,a49-ycar-oldteacherattheTianjinVocationalInstitute,issettobenamedasoneofthe“2022mostbeautifulteachers(天津職業(yè)學院49歲的教師李建國將被評為“2022年最美教師”之一)”并結(jié)合全文信息可知，文章主要介紹了被評為“2022年最美教師”之一的天津職業(yè)大學教師李建國，他為培養(yǎng)學生職業(yè)技能和國家技術(shù)專家做出貢獻。由此可知，D選項“AVocationalTeachertoBeAwardedasOneofthe“MostBeautifulTeachers”(職業(yè)教師被評為“最美教師”)”最適合作為文章標題。故選D。CDefinitionsofadultlearningvary,butitisusuallydefinedasallformsoflearningundertakenbyadultsafterhavingleftinitialeducationandtraining,howeverfarthisprocessmayhavegone.Educationandtrainingareimportantfactorsforachievingthestrategyobjectivesofraisingeconomicgrowth,competitivenessandsocialinclusion.However,withsomeexceptions,theprocessofimplementingeducationandtrainingremainsweak.Mosteducationandtrainingsystemsarestilllargelyfocusedontheeducationandtrainingofyoungpeopleandlimitedprogresshasbeenmadeinchangingsystemstomirrortheneedforlearningthroughoutthelifespan.Anadditional4millionadultswouldneedtoparticipateinlifelonglearning.Recentresearchconfirmstheimportanceofinvestinginadultlearning.Theresearchonadultsindicatesthatthosewhoengageinlearningarehealthier,withaconsequentreductioninhealthcarecosts.ThebigeconomicchallengeinEuropeistoraiseitsgrowthandemploymentperformancewhilepreservingsocialcohesion(凝聚力).Therapidprogressinotherregionsoftheworldshowstheimportanceofcreative,advancedandqualityeducationandtrainingaskeyfactorsofeconomiccompetitiveness.Generallevelsofcompetencemustincrease,bothtomeettheneedsofthelabourmarketandtoallowcitizenstofunctionwellintoday'ssociety.Europeisfacingbigdemographic(人口的)changesthatwillhaveamajorimpactonsocietyandontheeconomyandconsequentlyoneducationandtrainingprovisionandneeds.Overthenext30years,thenumberofyoungerEuropeanswillfallby15%.OneinthreeEuropeanswillbeover60yearsold,andaboutoneintenwillbeover80.Giventhechallengesidentifiedabove,raisingtheoveralllevelofskillsoftheadultpopulationbyofferingmoreandbetterlearningopportunitiesthroughoutadultlifeisimportantforbothefficiencyandequityreasons.Notonlydoeslifelonglearninghelpmakeadultsmoreefficientworkersandmoreactivecitizens,italsocontributestotheirpersonalwell-being.8.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“implementing”inparagraph2?A.Carryingout.B.Takingin.C.Knowingabout.D.Lookingover.9.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Adultshavereducedhealthcarecosts.B.Learningisgoodforadults’health.C.Fewadultsneedtoreceivelearning.D.Moreresearchwillfocusonlearning.10.WhatproblemdoesEuropefaceaccordingtothetext?A.Europeansarenothealthy.B.ManyoldEuropeanshavedied.C.TheEuropeanpopulationisaging.D.YoungEuropeansareoutofwork.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Lifelonglearningisessential.B.Raisingadultpopulationissignificant.C.Weshouldhelpmoreefficientworkers.D.Workcontributestopersonalwell-being.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導語】本文是議論文。文章主要介紹了終身教育的好處和推廣終身教育的重要性?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分下文的進一步解釋“Mosteducationandtrainingsystemsarestilllargelyfocusedontheeducationandtrainingofyoungpeopleandlimitedprogresshasbeenmadeinchangingsystemstomirrortheneedforlearningthroughoutthelifespan.(大多數(shù)教育和培訓制度仍然主要側(cè)重于年輕人的教育和培訓，在改變制度以反映整個生命周期的學習需求方面進展有限。)”可知，大多數(shù)教育系統(tǒng)都在關注年輕人，而關于終身教育的系統(tǒng)卻沒取得什么進步，即，實施教育和培訓的進程仍然薄弱。由此可推知，“implementing”意為“執(zhí)行，實施”含義，相當于“carryingout”。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Theresearchonadultsindicatesthatthosewhoengageinlearningarehealthier,withaconsequentreductioninhealthcarecosts.(對成年人的研究表明，積極學習的人更健康，因此醫(yī)療成本也會降低。)”可知,那些參與學習的成年人更加健康。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容“Europeisfacingbigdemographicchanges…Overthenext30years,thenumberofyoungerEuropeanswillfallby15%.OneinthreeEuropeanswillbeover60yearsold,andaboutoneintenwillbeover80.(歐洲正面臨巨大的人口結(jié)構(gòu)變化……未來30年，歐洲年輕人的數(shù)量將下降15%。三分之一的歐洲人將超過60歲，大約十分之一的人將超過80歲。)”可知,未來三十年,歐洲年輕人的數(shù)量會減少,而老年人的數(shù)量會增多。這表明歐洲正面臨人口老齡化問題。故選C項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Giventhechallengesidentifiedabove,raisingtheoveralllevelofskillsoftheadultpopulationbyofferingmoreandbetterlearningopportunitiesthroughoutadultlifeisimportantforbothefficiencyandequityreasons.Notonlydoeslifelonglearninghelpmakeadultsmoreefficientworkersandmoreactivecitizens,italsocontributestotheirpersonalwell-being.(鑒于上述挑戰(zhàn)，通過在整個成人生活中提供更多更好的學習機會來提高成年人的整體技能水平，對效率和公平都很重要。終身學習不僅有助于成年人成為更高效的工作者和更積極的公民，還有助于他們的個人幸福。)”可知，作者想表達終身教育的重要性，終身教育是必不可少的。故選A項。DOurscreensgiveoutallkindsoflight,especiallybluelight.Bluelight,theargumentgoes,canaffectyoureyehealth,yoursleepingpatterns,andyourhealth.Bluelightglasses—technicallytheyshouldbecalled“bluelightblockingglasses”—filterout(過濾)bluelight,lettingintheotherwavelengthsoflight,thustheoreticallyreducingthedangerthatbluelightpresents.Bluelightglassesaredesignedtoreducewhat’sknownasdigitaleyestrain(疲勞),orDES.TherearemanysymptomsassociatedwithDES,includingheadaches,dryeyes,andunclearvision.Howeffectivearebluelightglasses?We’llstartwiththebadnews:thereisnoevidencethatbluelightglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrainfromdigitalscreens.Infact,oneBritishglassesdealerwasfinedforindicatingthatbluelightglassescanprotectagainstDES,giventhatthere’snoscientificevidenceofthis.What’smorelikelyisthatDESiscausedbyoveruse,ormisuseofeyes.Afterall,thesunisasubstantiallymorepowerfulproviderofbluelightthanourscreens,andithasbeendecidedlyprovedthatDESisn’tassociatedwiththesunatall.ThegeneralagreementisthatDESiscausedbyspendingtoolong,staringtoohard,andsittingtooclosetoourscreens.HealthexpertsgenerallyrecommendtakingbreakstopreventDES,ratherthanrelyingonbluelightglasses.Butthereisonethingthatbluelightglassesmighthelpwith.Somestudieshaveindicatedthatbluelightcanbebadforourcircadianrhythms(生理節(jié)奏).Inotherwords,exposuretobluelightcouldmakeithardertofallasleep.Therehaven’tbeenenoughstudiestotellifbluelightglasses,wornforafewhoursbeforebed,couldhelpyousleepbetter,butit’snotoutofthequestion.Thatsaid,thereareinterestingreportsofpeoplelovingtheirbluelightglasses.Evenifit’sjusttheplacebo(安慰劑)effect,thatcanbeincrediblypowerful,andifitworksonyou,keepdoingit.12.WhatcanweknowfromParagraphs1and2?A.Bluelightisbeneficialtohealth. B.It’sadvisabletotakebreakstopreventDES.C.BluelightglassescanprotectagainstDES. D.Bluelightmainlycomesfromthescreens.13.WhatisDESlikelycausedby?A.Poor-qualitysunglasses. B.Improperuseofeyes.C.Theblindingsunlight. D.Thesmallsizeofscreens.14.WhatcanweknowaboutbluelightglassesfromParagraph3?A.Theyreduceeyestrain. B.Theyaffectcircadianrhythms.C.Theymaybehelpfulforsleep. D.Theyhelptoseethingsmoreclearly.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetobluelightglasses?A.Objective. B.Opposed. C.Indifferent. D.Unclear.【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是防藍光眼鏡對緩解數(shù)字屏幕造成的眼睛疲勞可能沒用，但可能有助于睡眠?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“HealthexpertsgenerallyrecommendtakingbreakstopreventDES,ratherthanrelyingonbluelightglasses.(健康專家通常建議休息來預防DES，而不是依賴藍光眼鏡。)”可知，建議休息一下以預防DES。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“What’smorelikelyisthatDESiscausedbyoveruse,ormisuseofeyes.Afterall,thesunisasubstantiallymorepowerfulproviderofbluelightthanourscreens,andithasbeendecidedlyprovedthatDESisn’tassociatedwiththesunatall.(更有可能的是，DES是由過度使用或誤用眼睛引起的。畢竟，太陽比我們的屏幕提供更強大的藍光，而且已經(jīng)明確證明DES與太陽完全無關。)”可知，數(shù)字眼疲勞是由使用屏幕時錯誤的用眼習慣造成的。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Somestudieshaveindicatedthatbluelightcanbebadforourcircadianrhythms(生理節(jié)奏).Inotherwords,exposuretobluelightcouldmakeithardertofallasleep.Therehaven’tbeenenoughstudiestotellifbluelightglasses,wornforafewhoursbeforebed,couldhelpyousleepbetter,butit’snotoutofthequestion.(一些研究表明，藍光對我們的晝夜節(jié)律有害。換句話說，暴露在藍光下會讓人更難入睡。目前還沒有足夠的研究來證明睡前戴上幾個小時的藍光眼鏡是否能幫助你睡得更好，但這也不是不可能的。)”可知，藍光眼鏡可能有助于睡眠。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“We’llstartwiththebadnews:thereisnoevidencethatbluelightglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrainfromdigitalscreens.(我們從壞消息開始：沒有證據(jù)表明藍光眼鏡對數(shù)字屏幕造成的眼疲勞有任何影響。)”及最后一段的“Evenifit’sjusttheplacebo(安慰劑)effect,thatcanbeincrediblypowerful,andifitworksonyou,keepdoingit.(即使這只是安慰劑效應，它也會非常強大，如果它對你有效，那就繼續(xù)做下去。)”可知，作者既陳述了藍光眼鏡可能真的沒什么用，但是也認為如果自己覺得有用也可以繼續(xù)戴，因此作者對于藍光眼鏡持客觀的態(tài)度。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.____16____Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork?Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksalallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.____17____Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.___18___Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.____19____Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.___20___Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.E20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們喜歡冒險的來源和科學依據(jù)，人們都喜歡冒險，因為風險也意味著回報，生活中人們喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事，這和人的大腦有關．【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文becausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.當我們衡量風險和回報時，風險值得去冒。根據(jù)后文Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.有些人喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事。也就是說衡量風險的標準每個人都可能不一樣．故F選項“然而，我們并不是都使用相同的參考標準來衡量風險和回報”與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，且承接下文。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文Risk-takerswerebetterathunting，fighting，orexploring．喜歡冒險的人表現(xiàn)更優(yōu)秀，這意味著他們有更大的機會生存下去。故C選項“這意味著他們有更大的機會生存下去”承接上文。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文Somaybeyoulovecarracing，ormaybeyouhateit．也許你喜歡賽車，也許你不喜歡，這要依據(jù)你的性格。故A選項“這要依據(jù)你的性格”承接上文。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文scientistssaythatyourWillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.科學家們指出冒險的意愿在年輕時會不斷強烈。根據(jù)下文Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.為了幫你實現(xiàn)那些，大腦會不斷增加你對新的經(jīng)歷的渴望。而這些是在你離開家庭，走進一個更大的世界的時候。故E選項“這些是在你離開家庭，走進一個更大的世界的時候”承接上下文。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.不同的人的大腦在處理快樂和恐懼時表現(xiàn)也會不一樣。故前面應該是說大腦的不同反應。故G選項“新的大腦研究表明，當我們面對緊張的情況時，我們的大腦會以不同的方式工作”承接下文。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnedayIwasapproachingseveralmassivecreatureswhenIcametoasuddenstop.Itwaswellbeyondmethatthesehugeanimalsshouldbelimitedbyonlysomeropes.Itwas____21____thattheanimalscouldeasilyescapefromthesesmallropestiedtotheirfrontlegs.However,_____22_____,theydidnot.Ispotteda____23____closebyandwonderedwhytheelephantsjust____24____wheretheywereandhadnointentiontobreakaway.“Well,”hereplied,“asthey’revery_____25_____wetiethemwiththesame____26____ropeandit’senoughto____27____themfortheirage.Astheygrowup,they’re_____28_____toholdthebeliefthattheycanneverrunaway.Theythinktheropesareboundto_____29_____holdthem,sotheydonotstruggletobreakfree.”Iwas____30____.Thelargeanimalscouldeasilymoveawayfromtheir_____31_____buttheyfelttheycouldn’t,sotheywere_____32_____rightthere.Inourlifeanumberofpeopleare_____33_____withthesamewrongself-limitingbelief—I’mnotexcellentenoughorwhytryitifI’mnotgoingto____34____it.However,weoughtn’tto____35____ourcapability,talentandpotential.Instead,weshouldbelieveinourselves.Afterall,weneedtochangewiththetimesandthinkoutsidethebox.21.A.important B.obvious C.necessary D.hopeful22.A.atthattime B.fromthenon C.inthatcase D.forsomereason23.A.trainer B.teacher C.doctor D.businessman24.A.slept B.ate C.stood D.relaxed25.A.thin B.young C.weak D.ill26.A.size B.color C.style D.length27.A.attract B.train C.cheat D.hold28.A.encouraged B.conditioned C.taught D.forced29.A.still B.even C.just D.hardly30.A.thrilled B.interested C.shocked D.disappointed31.A.owners B.thoughts C.habitats D.bonds32.A.stuck B.killed C.sold D.fed33.A.laughedat B.toldoff C.broughtup D.reliedon34.A.mean B.catch C.get D.make35.A.control B.underestimate C.ignore D.develop【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章結(jié)合作者看到大象被細繩綁住但不逃脫的原因的解釋，提到了生活中也有一些類似的人，他們低估自己的能力、才能和潛力，認為自己不會成功。最終作者說明，我們應該相信自己，需要與時俱進，跳出思維定勢?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，這些動物可以很容易地從綁在它們前腿上的這些細繩子中逃脫。A.important重要的；B.obvious顯而易見的；C.necessary必需的；D.hopeful有希望的。根據(jù)前文“thesehugeanimalsshouldbelimitedbyonlysomeropes”可知，對于大型動物而言，輕松地從束縛它們的細繩逃脫是顯而易見的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：然而，因為某種原因，他們沒有。A.atthattime當時；B.fromthenon從那之后；C.inthatcase假如那樣的話；D.forsomereason因為某種原因。結(jié)合前文“theanimalscouldeasilyescapefromthesesmallropestiedtotheirfrontlegs”及“theydidnot”可知，這些大型動物擺脫束縛它們腳地繩子很容易，然而它們沒有，所以這里指不知什么原因，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)一位馴象師就在附近，不明白為什么大象只是站在原地，沒有打算逃跑。A.trainer訓練員；馴獸師；B.teacher老師；C.doctor醫(yī)生；D.businessman商人。結(jié)合下文作者向該人詢問動物不逃走的原因，可推知該人是熟悉動物知識的人，應當是動物園中的馴獸師。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)一位馴象師就在附近，不明白為什么大象只是站在原地，沒有打算逃跑。A.slept睡覺；B.ate吃；C.stood站立；D.relaxed放松。結(jié)合下文“hadnointentiontobreakaway”可知，此處指大象僅僅站在自己被拴住的地方。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“好吧,”他回答說，“因為它們很小，我們用同樣大小的繩子把它們綁起來，這樣在它們長大后就足夠綁住它們了?！盇.thin瘦的；B.young小的；年輕的；C.weak虛弱的；D.ill生病的。結(jié)合下文“Astheygrowup”可知，此處指當它們還小的時候，它們就被用同樣的繩子綁起來。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.size大?。怀叽?；B.color顏色；C.style風格；樣式；D.length長度。結(jié)合前文“smallropes”可知，這里指繩子的型號，尺寸。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.attract吸引；B.train培訓；C.cheat欺騙；D.hold扣留。根據(jù)下文“holdthem”可知，此處指這些繩子可以綁住它們。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著他們的成長，它們習慣于堅信自己永遠不會逃跑。A.encouraged鼓勵；B.conditioned使習慣于；C.taught教導；D.forced迫使。根據(jù)前文可知，在大象小的時候，它們就被用繩索綁住，所以到它們長大后，它們就習慣了自己永遠無法逃走的想法。短語：beconditionedtodo“習慣于做某事”，故選B。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認為繩子一定仍然會綁住他們，所以它們不會掙扎著掙脫。A.still仍舊；B.even甚至；C.just恰好；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)前文“holdthebeliefthattheycanneverrunaway”可知，大象小時候被繩子束縛著，所以它們長大后認為，繩子依然會束縛住它們。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很震驚。A.thrilled激動的；B.interested感興趣的；C.shocked震驚的；D.disappointed失望的。結(jié)合前文馴獸員給作者講大象不逃脫的原因，作者應該是感到吃驚的。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大型動物可以很容易地擺脫它們的束縛，但是它們覺得它們不能，所以它們被困在了那里。A.owners主人；擁有者；B.thoughts想法；C.habitats棲息地；D.bonds繩索；鐐銬。過根據(jù)前文“theanimalscouldeasilyescapefromthesesmallropestiedtotheirfrontlegs”可知，此處指這些大型動物可以很輕松地擺脫繩子地束縛，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大型動物可以很容易地擺脫它們的束縛，但是它們覺得它們不能，所以它們被困在了那里。A.stuck困?。籅.killed殺死；C.sold出售；D.fed飼養(yǎng)。根據(jù)前文“hadnointentiontobreakaway”可知，它們沒有打算逃走，說明它們應該是被困在原地。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：在我們的生活中，有許多人都是帶著同樣錯誤的自我限制信念長大的——我不夠優(yōu)秀，或者如果我不能成功，為什么要嘗試呢?A.laughedat嘲笑；B.toldoff斥責；C.broughtup撫養(yǎng)；D.reliedon依賴。結(jié)合前文講述大象被繩子束縛的事實，可知此處指我們中的許多人也像大象那樣被撫養(yǎng)長大。故選C。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的生活中，有許多人都是帶著同樣錯誤的自我限制信念長大的——我不夠優(yōu)秀，或者如果我不能成功，為什么要嘗試呢?A.mean表示……含義；B.catch抓??；C.get得到；D.make使得。結(jié)合前文大象認為它們無法逃脫束縛它們的繩子，所以也不嘗試，自然無法擺脫，只能被困在原地。此處指不能成功，為什么要嘗試呢？短語：makeit“成功”，故選D。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們不應該低估我們的能力、才能和潛力。A.control控制；B.underestimate低估；C.ignore忽視；D.develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)前文“I’mnotexcellentenough”可知，我們認為我們不夠優(yōu)秀，這是對我們自己能力的低估。故選B。第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。YoungChineseconsumersarebecomingfansofhome-madebrandsandturningtheirbackonforeignproducts.Accordingtoa