河北省邯鄲市2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題Word版含解析

邯鄲市2021～2022學(xué)年高二年級(jí)質(zhì)量檢測英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.、答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2、回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whendoesthemanusuallysetoffforwork?A.At6:00a.m. B.At7:00a.m. C.At8:00a.m.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youlookquitebusyeverymorning.Whyareyoualwaysinsuchahurry?M:Well,Iusuallygetupataround6:00a,m,andleavehomeat7:00,Ihavetogettomyworkplacebefore8:00.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillDavidprobablydonext?A.Finishhishomework. B.Haveamathlesson. C.Turntoateacher.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouhandedinyourmathhomework,David?M:No.I’mtotallyconfusedaboutyesterday’slesson.W:WhynotaskMr.Smithforhelp?He’sthemostpatientteacherinourgrade.M:I’mplanningto.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shecanprintthearticleoutlater.B.Shehastorefusetheman'srequest.C.Themanshouldturntosomeoneelse.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Jessica,wouldyoumindprintingoutthearticleforme?W:Ofcoursenot,buttheprinterbrokedownyesterday.Someoneisfixingit.I'llprintitforyouassoonastheprinterisfixed.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthemansound?A.Relaxed. B.Annoyed. C.Concerned.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:What'swrongwithyou,Liz?Youarecoughingallthetime.Haveyoucaughtacold?W:Idon'tthinkso.Ithinkit'sbecauseofthepizzaIateyesterday,Therewastoomuchpepperonit.M:Youshouldn'thaveeatenthatmuch.Now,drinkplentyofwaterandyou'llfeelbetter.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thewoman'sdad. B.Anemail. C.Aworkplace.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoudoing,Lucy?W:I'mreadinganemailfrommydad.Hewroteittomewhenhewasonabusinesstrip.M:Whatwastheemailabout?W:Hetoldmeabouthisnewworkplaceandhowhemanagedtogetalongwitheverythingthere.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhatisJackdoingnow?A.Heisshopping. B.Heisdriving. C.Heisworking.7.WhereisSusan?A.Inheroffice. B.Inacoffeeshop. C.Inapark.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Jack.ThisisSusan.Couldyoucomeandpickmeup?M:Certainly.I'mabouttofinishmyworkandI'mleavingmyofficeinaboutfifteenminutes.Whereareyounow?W:Youknowtheparkwewenttolastweek?YoujustdrivepastitandI'mwaitinginthecoffeeshopnearit.M:Noproblem.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhendidSallyreceivethepainting?A.OnChristmasDay. B.OnMother’sDay. C.Onherbirthday.9.WhatdoesKarendo?A.She’sapainter. B.She’sanassistant. C.She’sadirector.10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Motherandson. C.Husbandandwife.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Sally,you’vegotagreatpaintinginyouroffice.Isitagiftforthisyear’sbirthday?W:I’mgladyoulikeit.Actually,it’saMother’sDaygiftfrommydaughter.M:Wow,Karendoeshaveaneyeforart.Doessheworkintheartfield?W:Sheusedtoworkasanassistanttoapainter,butrecentlyshehasjustjoinedanadvertisingcompanyandworksasacreativedirector.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.Herbossmustthinkveryhighlyofher.W:Yes,andherbossisjustlikeours,who’sfriendlyandtreatsthestaffwell.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whatmakesthewomanthinksheisgettingold?A.Herage. B.Herstateofmind. C.Herphysicalcondition.12.Howdopeopleintheman'scompanykeepfit?A.Byreducingworkload.B.Bykeepingagardenathome.C.Byworkingoutintheiroffices.13.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'swords?A.Interested. B.Disapproving. C.Doubtful.【答案】11.C12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:IthinkI'mgettingold.M:Wegetoldereverydaybutweareonlyinourforties.W:Ihaveputonalotofweighttheseyears,What'sworse,Ihavepaininmyarmsandshoulders.M:Thatmaybebecauseofthekindofworkyoudo,Manypeoplelackexerciseworkinginoffices.W:Butyoulookyoungandenergetic.M:Ioftenworkinthegardenafterwork.It'sgreatphysicalexercise.W:Idon'thaveagardenanditseemsthatI'malwaystoobusytoworkout.M:Peopleinmycompanydoofficeexercise,Isuggestyoutryit.W:Officeexercise?M:Yes.Wedon'talwayssitatdesks.Wesometimesworkstandingup.Wealsofollowvideostodophysicalexerciseduringcoffeebreaks.Mycompanyissupportiveandhasextendedcoffeebreaksbytwentyminutestoencouragethepractice.W:Goodidea.Iwillfollowyourexample.Ihopemyfellowworkerswillalsofinditbeneficial.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanwant?A.Aroomthatislarge.B.Aroomnearasquare.C.Anapartmentwithtworooms.15.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheapartments?A.Theirdecoration. B.Theirrent. C.Theirkitchens.16.Howmuchwillthewomanpayeverymonthforasharedroom?A.$800. B.$450. C.$200.17.What’stheman’ssuggestiontothewoman?A.Findanassistant.B.Lookatmoreoptions.C.Makethedecisionquickly.【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi.Myname’sAlice,I’mlookingforstudentaccommodationsneartheFutureSquare.M:Whatkindofaccommodationwouldyouprefer?W:Thatdepends.Whatoptionsdoyouoffer?M:Well,therearesingleapartmentsandsharedroomsinanapartmentorahouse.Whateversuitsyourbudget.W:Whatwillbetherentforprivateaccommodation?M:Well,wehaveseveralsmallapartmentsatpresent,whichwouldcostyoubetween$450to$800amonth.Theyeachhavetworoomsandawell-equippedkitchen.W:Thatsoundsgood.Whatabouttheirdecoration?Aretheynewlydecorated?M:Well,thoseapartmentsarerelativelyold,sothedecorationisold-fashioned.W:Idon'tthinktheysuitme.Whataboutasharedroom?M:Sharedroomsaremuchcheaper.Youcanexpecttogetawell-decoratedroomwithmealsfor$200amonth.W:OK,I’dprefertosharearoom.M:Well,ma’am,Ithinkyoucanhavealookatalltheoptionsbeforemakingthedecision.I’lljustaskmyassistanttotakeyoutoseeacoupleofplaces.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.WhatdidLilynoticefirst?A.Flames. B.Blacksmoke. C.Aburningsmell.19.WhatwasLilydoingwhenthefirebrokeout?A.Shewaswalkingherdog.B.Shewassleepingathome.C.ShewaswatchingaTVshow.20.Whocarriedaladdertothesceneofthefire?A.Lily. B.Lily’sfather. C.Afirefighter.【答案】18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Aheroschoolgirlsavedmanypeopletrappedinaburningapartment.Wheninterviewed,shesaidshewasinspiredbyaTVshowaboutemergencyservices.14-year-oldLilySwansonisabigfanoftheTVprogramDisney+9-1-1,sowhenshenoticedastrongburningsmell,sheimmediatelystoppedtocheckout.ShehadbeenonawalkwithherdognearherhomeinLeyland,Lancashire.Butshedecidedtotryandfindthesourceofthesmell.Thequick-thinkingteenagerlookedaroundandfinallyspottedblacksmokecomingoutofthewindowofanapartmentonHoughLane.LilyranhometowakeherdadMikeSwansonandrang911.Assoonastheycalledthefirestation,theyranbackoutsideandsawpeoplehangingoutofthewindow.Mikegrabbedhisladderandrantothescenetohelpthosetrappedinsidebeforethefiresweptthewholebuilding.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACaribouMathCompetitionParticipants:2ndgraders~highschoolstudentsCashPrizes:YesTheCaribouMathCompetitionistheonlyworldwidemathcompetitionthatisheldtotallyonline.Thiscontestisheldsixtimesthroughouttheschoolyear,andstudentsthatcompleteallsixtestscancompetefortheCaribouCup.Eachcontestengagesstudentsin60minutesofmathpuzzles,interactivequestions,andawidevarietyofproblem-solvingactivities.NotonlyistheCaribouMathCompetitionopentointernationalparticipants,italsooffersconteststoelementary(小學(xué))throughhighschoolstudents.ThehighschoollevelCaribouMathContestsaredividedintotwoage-basedcategories.Grades9and10participateinthesamecontests,andgrades11and12participateinthesamecontests.CashprizesaregivenouttothetopperformingstudentsandschoolsintheCaribouCupafterthefinalcontesteachyear,whichisheldinMay.Studentsarerankedbasedonthetotaloftheirtopscoresinfiveoutofthesixcontests.Astudent'scashprizeamountisdeterminedbasedontheirpercentagescoremultipliedbyasetdollaramountbasedontheirranking.Here'showthatiscalculated(計(jì)算):?1stplacestudent:$100Xpercentagescore?2ndplacestudent:$75×percentagescore?3rdplacestudent:$50×percentagescore?4thandon:$30Xpercentagescore21.Whocanjoininthecompetition?A.Universitystudents. B.Highschoolstudents.C.Everyonearoundtheworld. D.Allelementaryschoolstudents.22.Whatisuniqueaboutthecompetition?A.Ithasseventests.B.Itlastssixtyminutes.C.Itisheldsixtimeseveryyear.D.It'stheonlyworldwideonlinemathcompetition.23.Howwillstudentsberanked?A.Bytheirtopfivecontestscores.B.Bytherankingsoftheirschools.C.Bythebestscoreoftheirsixcontests.D.BytheirscoresinthecontestfortheCaribouCup.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了名叫CaribouMathCompetition的數(shù)學(xué)競賽的詳細(xì)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭“Participants:2ndgraders~highschoolstudents(參與者:二年級(jí)~高中生)”和正文第二段“ThehighschoollevelCaribouMathContestsaredividedintotwoage-basedcategories.(高中階段的馴鹿數(shù)學(xué)競賽按年齡分為兩個(gè)類別。)”可知，高中生可以參加競賽。故選B。22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)正文第一段中“TheCaribouMathCompetitionistheonlyworldwidemathcompetitionthatisheldtotallyonline.(Caribou數(shù)學(xué)競賽是世界上唯一一個(gè)完全在線舉辦的數(shù)學(xué)競賽。)”可知，這個(gè)競賽的特殊之處在于這是全球唯一的在線數(shù)學(xué)競賽。故選D。23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Studentsarerankedbasedonthetotaloftheirtopscoresinfiveoutofthesixcontests.(學(xué)生的排名是根據(jù)他們?cè)诹鶊霰荣愔械奈鍒霰荣惖淖罡叻值目偤汀?”可知，學(xué)生將根據(jù)前五名的比賽成績進(jìn)行排名。故選A。BBythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.Shehadlivedinshelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanentresidenceformorethanafewmonths.Shehadbeenlaughedatandlookeddownuponbystudentsatadozenschoolswhothoughtofheras“different”.Homelesssinceearlychildhood,Khadijahstruggledallherlifetohidehercircumstancesfromteachersandfellowstudents.However,academicachievementprovedtobeawayforhertofindconfidenceinherselfagain.Forinstance,attheageof9,sheplacedinthe99thpercentileonastateexam,andherteachertoldhershewas“gifted”.Fromthatmomentforward,Khadijahdecidedtodowhateverittooktokeepherselfinthatcategory.“Iwassoproudofbeingsmart.Ioftenheardmyfellowstudentssay,‘Yougottheeasywayoutbecauseyou'rehomeless,’”shetoldTheLATimes.“ButIneversawitasanexcuseaboutlivingalesssuccessfullife.”Bythesecondyearofhighschool,sherealizedthatshecouldnotsucceedingettingtheeducationshedreamedofwithoutgettinghelptogobeyondwhathercurrentschoolcouldoffer.Shetalkedtoteachersandadviserswhohelpedherapplyforsummercommunitycollegeclasses,scholarships,andenrichmentprograms.Andinthe11thgrade,whensheenrolledatJeffersonHighSchool,shedecidedtocompletetherestofherschoolcareerthere—adecisionthatmeanttakingabuseachmorningat4a.m.andnotgettinghomeuntil11p.m.Here'stheendofthestory—whenKhadijahpouredthestoryofherlifeintoherHarvardUniversitycollegeapplication,shewasaccepted.24.WhatmakesKhadijahconfidentinherself?A.Herdifferentpersonality. B.Herabilitytolivewellalone.C.Herexcellentperformanceinstudy. D.Herfellowstudents'encouragement.25.WhatdomanystudentsthinkofKhadijah'sbeinghomeless?A.It'sareallypitifulcircumstance. B.Itmakeshermorestrong-minded.C.Itoffershermorewaystosucceed. D.It'sanexcuseaboutworkinglesshard.26.WhatdidKhadijah'steachersandadvisershelpherdo?A.Passacollegeentranceexam. B.Applyformoreadvancededucation.C.Makeadecisiontocompletehighschool. D.Becomeatopstudentinhercurrentschool.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TwelveSchoolsMakeaSuccessfulStudentB.BeingDifferentMeansHavingMoreChancesC.KhadijahWilliams:FromShelterstoHarvardD.KhadijahWilliams:InspirationtoHomelessPeople【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了自幼無家可歸的KhadijahWilliams輾轉(zhuǎn)多所學(xué)校，飽受同學(xué)的嘲笑和輕視，最終在個(gè)人的努力和老師的幫助下成功考入哈佛大學(xué)的故事?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,academicachievementprovedtobeawayforhertofindconfidenceinherselfagain.(然而，學(xué)習(xí)成績證明是她重新找回自信的一種方式)”可知，在學(xué)習(xí)上的出色表現(xiàn)讓Khadijah對(duì)自己充滿信心。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Iwassoproudofbeingsmart.Ioftenheardmyfellowstudentssay,‘Yougottheeasywayoutbecauseyou'rehomeless,’”shetoldTheLATimes.“ButIneversawitasanexcuseaboutlivingalesssuccessfullife.”(“我為自己的聰明感到驕傲。我經(jīng)常聽到我的同學(xué)們說，‘你能這么簡單做到，是因?yàn)槟銦o家可歸，’”她告訴《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》，“但我從來沒有把它當(dāng)作過不那么成功生活的借口?！?”可知，許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為Khadijah無家可歸是學(xué)習(xí)不需要那么努力的借口。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shetalkedtoteachersandadviserswhohelpedherapplyforsummercommunitycollegeclasses,scholarships,andenrichmentprograms.(她與幫助她申請(qǐng)暑期社區(qū)大學(xué)課程、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金和充實(shí)計(jì)劃的老師和顧問進(jìn)行了交談)”可知，Khadijah的老師和顧問幫助她申請(qǐng)更高級(jí)的教育。故選B。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.Shehadlivedinshelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanentresidenceformorethanafewmonths.Shehadbeenlaughedatandlookeddownuponbystudentsatadozenschoolswhothoughtofheras“different”.(到18歲時(shí)，KhadijahWilliams已經(jīng)上了12所學(xué)校。她住過收容所、公園和汽車旅館，從來沒有住過幾個(gè)月以上的固定住所。她曾被十幾所學(xué)校的學(xué)生嘲笑和看不起，他們認(rèn)為她“與眾不同”)”以及最后一段“Here'stheendofthestory—whenKhadijahpouredthestoryofherlifeintoherHarvardUniversitycollegeapplication,shewasaccepted.(這就是故事的結(jié)局——當(dāng)Khadijah把她的生活經(jīng)歷傾注到她的哈佛大學(xué)申請(qǐng)中時(shí)，她被錄取了)”結(jié)合本文講述了自幼無家可歸的KhadijahWilliams輾轉(zhuǎn)多所學(xué)校，飽受同學(xué)的嘲笑和輕視，最終在個(gè)人的努力和老師的幫助下成功考入哈佛大學(xué)的故事，C選項(xiàng)“KhadijahWilliams：從收容所到哈佛”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CDanelienvanAalstattheUniversityofGroningenintheNetherlandsandhercolleagueshaveinvestigatedhowrelativeageaffectspopularityamong14to15-year-oldsintheNetherlands,SwedenandEngland.Theycollectedsurveydatafrom13,251studentsfromthethreecountries.Eachteenagerwasaskedtoidentifyfiveofthemostpopularstudentsintheirclass,Theresearchersthencomparedthepopularityofeachchildtotheiragerelativetothatoftheirclassmates.Theydiscoveredaconnection;theolderthestudentwas,themorelikelyheorshewastobeconsideredpopular.“Achildentersschoolbeforeorafteracertaincut-offdateandthatdetermineshowoldoryoungyouarerelativetoyouryeargroup.”saysDanelienvanAalst.“Wefoundthatifyou'rebornrightafterthecut-offdate,makingyouoneoftheoldestmembersofyourclass,you'regoingtobepopular.”Theyfoundthatthesameeffectalsoappliedattheyear-grouplevel.Here,itwasthechildrenwhoweretheoldestrelativetoalloftheirfellowsintheyeargroup—ratherthanjustthoseintheirparticularclass-thatwerethemostpopular.Allthreecountriesshowedalmostthesamepattern.However,attheyear-grouplevel,itwasthemostpronouncedinEngland.Attheclassroomlevel,itwasintheNetherlandsthatthepatternwasthestrongest.Thisispartlybecausethecountryhasasystemofgraderetention(留級(jí))-whenstudentsdon'tmeettheiracademicrequirements,theirteacherswillholdthembackayear,whichmeanstheythenareolderthanalltheotherclassmatesandoftenthemostpopular.Thisrelativeageeffecthasbeenshowninotherareas.“Relativeagehasearlierbeendemonstratedtoaffectschoolperformance—relativelyolderchildrendobetterinschool,”saysHermanvanWerfhorstattheUniversityofAmsterdam,whowasn'tinvolvedinthestudy,Similarly,previousresearchhasshownthatolderchildrentendtobebetteratsportsthanyoungerstudentsinthesameyeargroup.28.Whatwerethestudentsinthesurveyrequiredtodo?A.Comparetheirclassmates.B.Namesomepopularstudents.C.Identifytheirclassmates'age.D.Trytobecomepopularintheirclass.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"pronounced"meaninParagraph5?A.Apparent. B.Complex. C.Exceptional. D.Unbelievable.30.Whathappenstothestudentsheldbackayear?A.Theymissmostoftheirlessons.B.Theymakegreatacademicprogress.C.Theybecometheoldestintheirclass.D.Theyexperienceadropinpopularity.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphconcerningrelativeage?A.It'sthefocusofmanyotherscientists.B.Itfailstoshowitseffectoutsideschools.C.Itseffectshowsinsportsperformance.D.Itseffecthasbeenstudiedinvariousotherfields.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了荷蘭格羅寧根大學(xué)的DanelienvanAalst和她的同事調(diào)查了相對(duì)年齡是如何影響荷蘭、瑞典和英國14至15歲青少年的流行程度的。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)年齡越大的學(xué)生越有可能被認(rèn)為是受歡迎的。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Eachteenagerwasaskedtoidentifyfiveofthemostpopularstudentsintheirclass.(每個(gè)青少年都被要求找出他們班上最受歡迎的五個(gè)學(xué)生。)”可知，在調(diào)查中的學(xué)生被要求說出一些受歡迎的學(xué)生的名字。故選B?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Allthreecountriesshowedalmostthesamepattern.(這三個(gè)國家的情況幾乎相同。)”和后面的“However”之后，介紹了兩個(gè)特殊的情況，后者是在班級(jí)層面上，荷蘭的情況最突出，因此可以推斷前一句是在介紹：在年齡組層面上，英國的情況最為明顯。pronounced意為“顯著的”。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中“theirteacherswillholdthembackayear,whichmeanstheythenareolderthanalltheotherclassmates(他們的老師會(huì)讓他們留校一年，這意味著他們比其他同學(xué)都大)”可知，他們成了班上年齡最大的學(xué)生。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中首句“Thisrelativeageeffecthasbeenshowninotherareas.(這種相對(duì)年齡效應(yīng)在其他領(lǐng)域也有所體現(xiàn)。)”和最后一句“olderchildrentendtobebetteratsportsthanyoungerstudentsinthesameyeargroup(年齡較大的孩子往往比同齡的孩子更擅長運(yùn)動(dòng))”可以推斷，它的影響表現(xiàn)在運(yùn)動(dòng)成績上。故選C。DBesidessoil,allplantsneedwater.Thismakesithardtogrowplantswhereit’sdry.Butthisproblemmaysoonbesolvedbyresearchers.Theirinventionisasuper-moisture-absorbentgel(凝膠),orSMAG.“Thegel-basedmaterialcanbeusedasasoilenhancer,aswellasalternativesoilingreenhouses,”saidGuihuaYu,anengineerattheUniversityofTexas-Austin.Heledtheteamthatdevelopedthegel.Healsosaidthismaterialcouldbe“directlymixedwithsoilorfertilizeratcertainamounts”.Thegelworkssimilarlytohowdewforms.Dewisthosewaterdropletsattachedtoleavesofgrassinthemorning.Itformsbecauseofdifferencesinairtemperaturebetweendayandnight.Aircontainsdifferentgases,includingwatervapor(蒸氣).Warmerairholdsmorewatervapor.Astheaircoolsafterdark,itlosesitsabilitytoholdsomeofit.Whenitreachesacertaintemperature—knownasthedewpoint—somewatervaporwillturnintotinydropsofwater.Whentemperaturerisesthenextday,thatwaterevaporates,againturningintovapor.Theresearchteamdecidedtousethisprocesstoaidplants.Thegelmixedwithsoilabsorbsthewatervaporandholdsit.Thenextday,thegelinsteadslowlyreleases(釋放)thatwaterintothesoil.JeffHattey,asoilscientist,saysthegelsoundsprettyhelpfulinfarming,butyouprobablywon’tseethegelatthehardwarestoreanytimesoon.HenotesthatbasedonthequantitiesofthenewmaterialusedinYu’sexperiments,outdoorfieldsmightrequireawholelotofit.Accordingtohisresearch,farmersmighthavetoaddabout13trucksofgeltothesoiltopperacre(英畝).Yubelievesfuturestudieswillhelphisteamunderstandifthegelcouldbeusedforlarger,outdoorfields.“Fortunately,thegelisnotpoisonous,”Yusays.Soitshouldn’thurtthebacteriaorwormsthatareneededtokeepsoilhealthyforgrowingthings.32.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theapplicationofthegel.B.Therawmaterialofthegel.C.Thecharacteristicsofthegel.D.Theresearchprocessofthegel.33.Whyisdewmentionedinthethirdparagraph?A.Tointroduceitsformation.B.Toexplaintheprincipleofthegel.C.Tostresstheimportanceofwatervapor.D.Toclarifythedefinitionofthedewpoint.34.WhatproblemwiththegeldoesJeffHatteypointout?A.Itisoflittlehelpinrealfarming.B.Itwillbetooexpensivetobuy.C.Itrequirestoomuchcalculationtoapplyittooutdoorfields.D.Itmustreachahugeamounttobeeffectiveinoutdoorfields.35.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegel?A.Itworksonlyatnight.B.Itcanreplacesoilindryareas.C.Itisfriendlytothecreaturesinthesoil.D.Itmakesuseofdewtoofferplantswater.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了能解決干旱土壤種植問題的凝膠的原理和功能?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thegel-basedmaterialcanbeusedasasoilenhancer,aswellasalternativesoilingreenhouses,(這種凝膠基材料可以用作土壤增強(qiáng)劑，也可以作為溫室的替代土壤)”可知，第二段主要介紹了凝膠的具體應(yīng)用。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中第一句“Thegelworkssimilarlytohowdewforms.(凝膠的工作原理與露水的形成過程類似)”和段中其它內(nèi)容可推知，本段通過介紹露水的形成過程來類比解釋凝膠的原理。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“JeffHattey,asoilscientist,saysthegelsoundsprettyhelpfulinfarming,butyouprobablywon’tseethegelatthehardwarestoreanytimesoon.HenotesthatbasedonthequantitiesofthenewmaterialusedinYu’sexperiments,outdoorfieldsmightrequireawholelotofit.(土壤科學(xué)家杰夫·哈蒂說，這種凝膠聽起來對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)很有幫助，但短期內(nèi)你可能不會(huì)在五金店看到這種凝膠。他指出，基于的實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用的新材料的數(shù)量，戶外可能需要大量的新材料)”可知，JeffHattey指出凝膠的問題是：它必須達(dá)到足夠的量才能在戶外有效。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Fortunately,thegelisnotpoisonous,’Yusays.Soitshouldn’thurtthebacteriaorwormsthatareneededtokeepsoilhealthyforgrowingthings.(他說，幸運(yùn)的是，這種凝膠無毒。所以它不會(huì)傷害細(xì)菌或蠕蟲，而這些細(xì)菌或蠕蟲是保持土壤健康生長所必需的)”可知，它對(duì)土壤中的生物很友好。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Althoughagymmembershipcanbenice,youdon'thavetohaveonetogetintogreatshape!Allyouneedisalittlebitoftimeandspaceathomeforyourself.___36___Spend5to10minuteswarmingupbeforeeveryworkout.___37___Tryjumpingjacks,legorarmcircles,orevendancing.Justgetyourbloodpumping.Doaprogressiveaerobicactivitythatusesthesamemusclesyouwanttoworkout.Forinstance,slowlyjogifyouaregoingforalongerrun.___38___Strengthtraining,alsocalledresistancetraining,makesyoustrongerandbuildsendurance.Trytodoexercisesthatworkalotofmusclesandaddweighttoincreaseyourresistance.Thishelpsyoudoaharderworkouteverytimeyouexercise.___39___Youmightbeeagertojuststopyourworkoutwhenyou'vefinishedyourlastsetofactivity,buttakeafewminutestodolow-intensityexercisesthatloweryourheartrate.Youmightdropyourrunintoawalkorslowdownyourcycling,forinstance.Setachievablegoalsthatyoucanbreakintosmallertasks.It'sonethingtosayyouwanttogetfit,butthatmeanssomethingdifferentforeveryone.___40___Itshouldbespecific,realistic,andmeaningful.Then,breakdowneachgoalintosmall,actionablestepssoitfeelslikeyou'remakingprogressregularly.A.Notsurewhattodo?B.Wanttobuildmusclewithoutbuyingequipment?C.Dostrengthtrainingtwiceaweektobuildmuscle.D.Ifyou'restrugglingtofitinworkouttime,don'tworry.E.Spendfivetotenminutescoolingdownaftereachworkout.F.Figureoutwhatyouplantoachieveandmakethatyourgoal.G.Butbeforeeverything,youneedtocreateanat-homefitnessroutine.【答案】36.G37.A38.C39.E40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些居家鍛煉的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Althoughagymmembershipcanbenice,youdon'thavetohaveonetogetintogreatshape!Allyouneedisalittlebitoftimeandspaceathomeforyourself.(雖然健身房的會(huì)員資格很好，但你并不一定要擁有它才能保持好身材！你所需要的只是在家里給自己一點(diǎn)時(shí)間和空間)”可知，上文提到在家也可以保持好身材，結(jié)合下文介紹居家鍛煉計(jì)劃的一些具體方面，故G選項(xiàng)“但在這之前，你需要建立一個(gè)在家健身的習(xí)慣”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Spend5to10minuteswarmingupbeforeeveryworkout.(每次鍛煉前花5到10分鐘熱身)”以及后文“Tryjumpingjacks,legorarmcircles,orevendancing.Justgetyourbloodpumping.Doaprogressiveaerobicactivitythatusesthesamemusclesyouwanttoworkout.Forinstance,slowlyjogifyouaregoingforalongerrun.(試著做開合跳，繞腿或手臂，甚至跳舞。讓你的血液循環(huán)起來。做一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，使用你想鍛煉的肌肉。例如，如果你要跑更長的距離，可以慢跑)”可知，本段介紹鍛煉前的熱身。答題空后介紹了三種熱身方式，回答了A項(xiàng)的問題。故A選項(xiàng)“不知道該做什么？”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Strengthtraining,alsocalledresistancetraining,makesyoustrongerandbuildsendurance.Trytodoexercisesthatworkalotofmusclesandaddweighttoincreaseyourresistance.Thishelpsyoudoaharderworkouteverytimeyouexercise.(力量訓(xùn)練，也叫阻力訓(xùn)練，能讓你更強(qiáng)壯，建立耐力。試著做一些鍛煉肌肉和增加體重的運(yùn)動(dòng)來增加你的抵抗力。這可以幫助你在每次鍛煉的時(shí)候做更艱苦的鍛煉)”可知，本段主要介紹了力量訓(xùn)練的作用和訓(xùn)練方法，故C選項(xiàng)“每周做兩次力量訓(xùn)練來鍛煉肌肉”符合語境，故選C。【39題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Youmightbeeagertojuststopyourworkoutwhenyou'vefinishedyourlastsetofactivity,buttakeafewminutestodolow-intensityexercisesthatloweryourheartrate.Youmightdropyourrunintoawalkorslowdownyourcycling,forinstance.(當(dāng)你完成最后一組運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，你可能渴望停止鍛煉，但花幾分鐘做一些低強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)動(dòng)，降低你的心率。例如，你可以把跑步改為散步或放慢騎車的速度)”可知，本段介紹了訓(xùn)練結(jié)束時(shí)，不要突然結(jié)束，要有強(qiáng)度上的過渡，E項(xiàng)概括了本段主要內(nèi)容。故E選項(xiàng)“每次鍛煉后花5到10分鐘時(shí)間放松”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Setachievablegoalsthatyoucanbreakintosmallertasks.It'sonethingtosayyouwanttogetfit,butthatmeanssomethingdifferentforeveryone.(設(shè)定一個(gè)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，你可以把它分解成一個(gè)個(gè)小任務(wù)。說你想健身是一回事，但對(duì)每個(gè)人來說意味著不同的東西)”以及后文“Itshouldbespecific,realistic,andmeaningful.Then,breakdowneachgoalintosmall,actionablestepssoitfeelslikeyou'remakingprogressregularly.(它應(yīng)該是具體的、現(xiàn)實(shí)的和有意義的。然后，把每個(gè)目標(biāo)分解成小的、可操作的步驟，這樣你就會(huì)有定期進(jìn)步的感覺)”可知，本段主要介紹了設(shè)定具體可行的目標(biāo)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)提出應(yīng)該設(shè)定目標(biāo)，后文介紹應(yīng)該設(shè)定什么樣的目標(biāo)。故F選項(xiàng)“找出你想要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)，并以此為目標(biāo)”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It’sbeensevenmonthssinceIarrivedinMelbourne,Australia.Thingshave___41___dramaticallyinashorttime.Duringthefirstfewweeks,Iwasnervousbut___42___tobeginawholenewlifehere.___43___,afterseveralweeks,theexcitement___44___andhomesicknesssetin.Itwasn’ta___45___feelingbutenoughtomakeme___46___atnightmissingfamilyandfriendsbackhome.HowIwishedIcouldhavebeenwiththem!Thingsstartedto___47___afterIspentsomewonderfultimewithmynewfriends.Wepracticedlanguages,talkedaboutculturaldifferencesandsawnewplacesasa___48___.Iwasimpressedbyhow___49___itistohavegoodpeopleinyourlife,becausetheycanmakesucha(n)____50____.____51____toMelbourneaftergoinghomeforChristmasfeltlikereturningtoasecond____52____,aplacewhereIbelongedandtherewerepeopleIcaredabout.Withdayspassingby,morepeople____53____mylife;theycamewithnotonlykindnessandcompany,butalsonovelideasandanythingthatgreatfriendscouldhave.Totravelandvisitotherplacesisoneofthemost____54____thingsyoucandoinlife.____55____ot