職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試答案綜合類(lèi)A級(jí)

職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試答案綜合類(lèi)A級(jí)（試卷代碼12）第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1——15題，每小題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中都有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為靠近選項(xiàng)。1.Weareworriedaboutthis

fluid

situationfullwithuncertainty.A.stable

B.suitableC.adaptableD.changeable

2.Thewayshelookedafterheryoungsisterwasreally

touchingA.disturbing

B.movingC.connectingD.waving3.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotally

authentic.A.outstanding

B.FalseC.creative

D.Real4.Theyhavebuiltcanalsto

irrigatethe

desert.A.decorate

B.waterC.visit

D.change

5.Theweatherwasso

gorgeous

thatmanypeoplewentouting.A.pleasantB.uncontrollable

C.cloudy

D.Unbearable6.Hisanswerswere

obscure

andconfusing.A.obviousB.unclearC.clear

D.Direct7.Somenewspapersinthewestare

notably

biased.A.whollyB.especially

C.totally

D.Fairly8.Thelatestcarmodel

embodies

thenewresearchdevelopment.A.lists

B.includesC.borrows

D.broadens9.Heworea

shabby

thinovercoatinthecoldwintersothathefellill.

A.new

B.big

C.old

D.small10.Onlypeopleover18are

eligible

tovote.A.honest

B.qualifiedC.enabled

D.clever11.Thenew

garment

fitsherperfectly.

A.necklace

B.haircutC.purse

D.clothes12.Thecoastalareahasvery

mild

winter,butthecentralplainsremainextremeA.severeB.hard

C.dryD.warm

13.Theumbrellawas

ingeniously

devisedtofoldupintothepocket.A.cleverly

B.seriously

C.attentively

D.carefully14.Sheisanartistwhoseworkwillundoubtedly

withstand

thetestoftime.A.grade

B.attractC.SufferD.bear

15.Competitorsmust

abide

bythejudge'sdecisionA.keep

B.readC.ObeyD.understand第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16——22題，每小題1分，共7分）下面短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)依照短文內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷；假如該句提供是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；假如該句提供是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；假如該句信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。IncometaxFormanyyoungAmericans,graduatingfromcollegemeansfindingajob,movingoutofthedormroomandbeginningtoregisterone'sannualearningswiththeUSgovernment.Thatlastitemisthelaw,thoughsometimesit'sahassle(難事)toobey.IndependenttaxadvisorBobGilbertcallstheUSincometaxsystem"amazinglycomplicated".Butheaddsthat"verylittleofthecomplicatedtaxlawappliestoyoungpeoplewhoarejustbeginningtheircareers".AccordingtoGilbert,80to90percentofAmericansarenotreallyburdenedbythesystem'scomplications.Still,allthenumbersandformscanbealittleconfusingtothosewhoarejuststartingtheircareers.Somepullouttheircalculatorsandtrytodothemathalone.Someuseincometaxsoftware.OthersjusthandthewholeresponsibilityovertotaxfirmslikeGilbert's.AccordingtoincometaxlawexpertLindaBeale,youngpeoplewilloftenfollowtheirparents'leadwhenfillingtheirincomeforms."Youngpeoplewhogrowupinwealthyhouseholdstypicallyuseprofessionaltaxservicesbecausetheirparentshavealwaysdoneso,"saidBeale,aprofessoratWayneStateUniversityinMichiganState."Ontheotherhand,mostpooreryoungpeopleprobablytrytodotheirowntaxes,unlesstheywantaquick'refund'withthehelpofataxadvisor".Infact,obeyingthelawhasitsbenefits.Forone,manyyoungpeoplecanexpectataxrefund.Thismeansthat,overthecourseoftheyear,theyhavepaidtoomuchinmonthlyfederalorstatetaxesandareentitledtothedifference.BobThalman,a20-year-olduniversitystudent,expectshewillgetarefundofabout100,whichwillprobablygointhebank,orperhapsbeusedtopayforcarinsuranceorcreditcardbills.Thalmancalledthewholeprocessa"hassle",butaddedthathedidn'twattotestthelawbynotfillinghisincometaxpapers."I'mworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenifIfailedtofile,"hesaid."Iknowoneindividualwhodidnotreporthisincometaxformanyyears,andhe'snowinfederalprison.Icertainlydon’twantthat."16.Acollegestudentwithapart-timejobisnotrequiredtofileanincometaxform.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】B17.TheUSincometaxsystemdoesnotwhollyapplytoacollegegraduatewhoisjustbeginninghisorhercareer.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】A18.It'sprettyeasyforabeginnertoreporthisorherincometax.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】B19.Whenyoungpeoplefiletheirincometaxform,theywilloftenfollowintheirparents'footsteps.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】A20.Youngpeoplefrompoorerfamiliesneedn'tfiletheirincometaxforms.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】B21.Ifonehasfailedtoreporthisorherincometaxforquiteafewyears,heorshemaybeputinprison.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】A22.TheUSincometaxsystemwillbesimplifiedinthenextfewyears.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】C第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23——30題，每小題1分，共8分）下面短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23——26題要求從所給6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2——5段每段選擇1個(gè)最好標(biāo)題；（2）第27——30題要求從所給6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最好選項(xiàng)。TunguskaEvent1Ahundredyearsagothisweek,agiganticexplosionripped(撕裂)openthedayyaboveaforestinwesternSiberia,leavingascientificriddlethatendurestothisday.2Adazzlinglightpiercedtheheavens,followedbyashockwaveasstrongas1,000atomicbombs.Theexplosionflattened80milliontreesacrossanareaof2,000squarekilometers.Thefireballwassogreatthat,adaylater,Londonerscouldreadtheirnewspapersunderthenightsky.Whatcausedtheso-calledTunguskaEvent,namedafterthenearbyPodkamennayaTunguskariver,stillremainsamystery.3Expertssuspectitwasarockthat,aftertravelinginspaceformillionsofyears,wasdestinedtocrashtoEarthatexactly7:17a.m.onJune30,1908.Thispossibilityworriesscientists.“Imagineanunspottedasteroid(小行星)hittingasignificantchunk(塊)ofland...andimagineifthatarea,unlikeTunguska,werepopulated,”theBritishsciencejournalNaturecommentedrecently.4Butnofragmentsofthe“rock”haveeverbeenfound.Findingsuchevidencewouldbeimportant,foritwouldincreaseourknowledgeabouttheriskposedbydangerousNearEarthObjects(NEOs),sayItalianresearchersLucaGasperini,EnricoBonattiandGiuseppeLongo.WhenthenextTunguskaNEOapproaches,scientistswillhavetodecidewhethertotrytodeflect(使偏轉(zhuǎn))itorblowitupinspace.5However,severalrivaltheoriesfortheTunguskaEventexist.WolfgangKundt,aprofessoratGermany'sBonnUniversity,believestheTunguskaEventwascausedbyamassiveescapeof10milliontonsofmethane(甲烷)-richgasfromdeepwithinearth'scrust.Somepeopleholdthattheexplosionwascausedbyanalienspaceshipcrash,orablackholeintheuniverse.23.Paragraph2

F.MysteriousExplosion24.Paragraph3

B.ExplanationthatWorriesScientists25.Paragraph4

D.ImportanceofFindingEvidence26.Paragraph5

A.CompetingExplanations27.Thegiganticexplosionthatoccurredahundredyearsago

A.hasremainedapuzzle28.TheshockwavewhichfollowedthedazzlinglightC.wasgeneratedbytheexplosion29.ThehypothesisthattheexplosionwascausedbyarockcollidingwiththeEarth

E.lackssufficientevidence30.WolfgangKundt,whohasdevelopedanalternativetheory

F.isauniversityprofessor第4部分：閱讀了解（第31——45題，每小題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)依照短文內(nèi)容，為每小題確定1個(gè)最好選項(xiàng)。第一篇。BlackHolesTriggerStarstoSelf-DestructScientistshavelongunderstoodthatsupermassiveblackholesweighingmillionsorbillionsofsuns

cantearapartstarsthatcometooclose.Theblackhole'sgravitypullsharderonthenearestpartofthestar,animbalancethatpullsthestarapartoveraperiodofminutesorhours,onceitgetscloseenough.Scientistssaythisunevenpullingisnottheonlyhazardfacingthestar.Thestrainoftheseunbalancedforcescanalsotriggeranuclearexplosionpowerfulenoughtodestroythestarfromwithin.

MatthieuBrassartandJean-PierreLuminetoftheObservatoiredeParisinMeudon,France,carriedoutcomputersimulationsofthefinalmomentsofsuchanunfortunatestar'slife,

asitveeredtowardsasupermassiveblackhole.Whenthestargetscloseenough,theunevenforcesflattenitintoapancakeshape.

Somepreviousstudieshadsuggestedthisflatteningwouldincreasethedensityandtemperatureinsidethestarenoughtotriggerintensenuclearreactionsthatwouldtearitapart.Butotherstudieshadsuggestedthatthepicturewouldbecomplicatedbyshockwavesgeneratedduringtheflatteningprocessandthatnonuclearexplosionshouldoccur.Thenewsimulationsinvestigatedtheeffectsofshockwavesindetail,andfoundthatevenwhentheireffectsareincluded,theconditionsfavoranuclearexplosion."Therewillbeanexplosionofthestar—itwillbecompletelydestroyed,"Brassartsays.Althoughtheexplosionobliteratesthestar,itsavessomeofthestar'smatterfrombeingdevouredbytheblackhole.Theexplosionispowerfulenoughtohurlmuchofthestar'smatteroutoftheblackhole'sreach,hesays.Thedevouringofstarsbyblackholesmayalreadyhavebeenobserved,althoughatamuchlaterstage.Itisthoughtthatseveralmonthsaftertheeventthatripsthestarapart,

itsmatterstartsswirlingintotheholeitself.Itheatsupasitdoesso,releasingultravioletlightandX-rays.Ifstarsdisruptednearblackholesreallydoexplode,thentheycouldinprincipleallowtheseeventstobedetectedatamuchearlierstage,saysJulesHalpernofColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,US."Itmaymakeitpossibletoseethedisruptionofthatstarimmediatelyifitgetshotenough,"hesays.Brassartagrees."PerhapsitcanbeobservedintheX-raysandgammarays,butit'ssomethingthatneedstobemorestudied,"hesays.SupernovaresearcherChrisFryeroftheLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryinLosAlamos,NewMexico,US,saysthedeathsofthesestarsaredifficulttosimulate,andheisnotsurewhethertheresearchershaveproventheirCasethattheyexplodeintheprocess.whatwouldtakeplaceifastargetstooclosetoablackhole?A.Theblackholecouldreduceitssizeconsiderably.Accordingtoparagraph3,reserachersdifferedinthelikelihoodofgeneratingD.stardensity33.Accordingtoparagraph4,thenewsimulationsfavoredC.anuclearexpolsionWhatissupposedtohappenseveralmonthsaftertheexplosionofthestar?B.Thetornstar’smatterwillswirlintotheblackhole.Theword“disruption”inParagraph6meansA.tearingapart第二篇SportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名氣).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(出色才能)butalsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickintheNBAdraft(選拔),hewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.Hisassetsonthecourtareclearenough—noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(難對(duì)付人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture(骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder(震動(dòng))spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM'sbenefits,althoughnewresearchfromtheuniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayspeedstimulatebonerepair.“ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.“It’sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon'tthinkthatit’sshortonscience.”36.

Theword"towering"inParagraph1meansA.

Iarge.B.

fat.C.

tall.D.

great.37.

OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhisA.

mobility.B.

assaultC.

defense.D.

celebrity.38.

YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecauseA.

hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B.

hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C.

thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.D.

hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.39.

WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?A.

HemissedtheAthensOlympics.B.

HeisanNBAplayer.C.

Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.

Heisaninternationalfigure.40.

Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMisA.

indifferent.B.

positive.C.

negative.D.

doubtful.第三篇。Don’tCountonDungConservationists(自然保護(hù)主義者)maybemiscalculatingthenumbersofthethreatenedanimalssuchaselephants,sayAfricanandAmericanresearchers.Theerroroccursbecauseofaflawinthewaytheyestimateanimalnumbersfromthepilesofdung(糞)thecreaturesleavebehind.Themistakecouldleadresearcherstothinkthattherearetwiceasmanyelephantsastherereallyareinsomeregions,accordingtoAndrewPlumptreoftheWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)inNewYork.BiologistKatyPayneofCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork,agrees.“Wereallyneedtoknowelephantnumbersandtheevidencethatwehaveisquiteindirect,”saysPayne,whoelectronicallytrackselephants.CountingelephantsfromplanesisimpossibleinthevastrainforestsofCentralAfrica.Soresearchersoftenestimateelephantnumbersbycountingdungpilesinagivenarea.Theyalsoneedtoknowtherateatwhichdungdecays:Becauseit’sextremelydifficulttodeterminetheserates,however,researcherscountingelephantsinoneregiontendtorelyonstandarddecayratesestablishedelsewhere.ButresearchersattheWCShavefoundthatthisdecayratevariesfromregiontoregiondependingontheclimateandenvironment.Usingthewrongvaluescanleadthecensusastray(離開(kāi)正道),saysPlumptre.HeandhiscolleagueAnthonyChifuNchanjistudieddecayingelephantdungintheforestsofCameroon.Theyfoundthatthedungdecayedbetween55and65percentmoreslowlythanthedungintherainforestsofneighbouringGabon.IfresearchersusedecayratesfromGabontocountelephantsinCameroon,theywouldprobablyfindmoreelephantsthanareactuallyaround.ThiscouldmeanestimatesinCameroonareatleasttwiceashighasthosederivedfromdecayratescalculatedlocally,saysPlumptre.“Howeveraccurateyourdungdensityestimatemightbe,thedecayratecanseverelyaffecttheresult.”P(pán)lumptrealsosaysthatthedung-pilecensusshouldbecarriedoutoveraregionsimilarinsizetoanelephant’snaturalrange.Theusualtechniqueofmonitoringonlysmall,protectedareasdistortsnumbersbecauseelephantsmoveinandoutoftheseregions,hesays”Iftheelephantpopulationincreaseswithintheprotectedarea,youcannotdeterminewhetheritisarealincreaseorwhetheritisduetoelephantsmovinginbecausetheyarebeingpoached(入侵偷獵)outside.”P(pán)lumptresaysthatsimilarproblemsmayalsoaffectotheranimalcensusstudiesthatrelyonindirectevidencesuchasnests,tracksorburrows(地洞).41.【題干】Theword"threatened"inParagraph1means_____【選項(xiàng)】A.frightenedB.angeredC.killedD.endangered【答案】D42.【題干】Thewayelephantnumbersareestimatedis_____A.technicalB.theoreticalC.unhelpfulD.mistaken【答案】D43.【題干】Countingpilesofelephantdungisnotreliablebecausetheydifferin_____A.sizeB.shapeC.tracklocationD.decayrate【答案】D44.【題干】AccordingtoPlumptre,adung-pilecensusbeconductedina_____A.naturalrangeB.smallregionC.protectedareaD.monitoredplace【答案】A45.【題干】Inmakingananimalcensusstudy,Plumptreadvisesresearchersnoytorelyon_____A.monitoringtechniquesB.electricaldevicesC.areoplanesD.indirectevidence【答案】D第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第46——50題，每小題2分，共10分）下面短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)依照短文內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。SaunaCeremonial(儀式性)bathinghasexistedforthousandsofyearsandhasmanyforms,oneofwhichisthesauna.TheFinnshaveperfectedthesteambath,orsauna,whichmaybetaken,usuallyinanenclosedroom,bypouringwateroverhotrocksorasadryheatbath.

TheJapanese,Greeks,TurksandRussiansaswellasNativeAmericanshaveformsofthesweatbathintheirbathingrituals.(46)

DryheatandsteambathshadadvocatesinancientRomeandpre-ColumbianAmericansusedsweatlodges.Theearliestsaunaswereprobablyundergroundcavesheatedbyafirethatnaturallyfilledwithsmokeaschimneymakingwasunknownatthattime.Afirekeptinafire-pitwouldheattherockwallsofthecave.Afterreachingfullheat,thesmokewasletoutofthecaveandthestoneswouldretainheatforseveralhours.

Afewpeopletodaysaythatthesmokesauna,“savusauna”,istheonlytruesaunaexperienceandthatallsaunasshouldhaveatleastabackgroundodororsmoke.(47)

Todaymostsaunasuseelectricstoves,althoughgasandwood-burningstovesareavailable.Saunasarerelaxingandstressrelieving.Thosewithmuscleachesorarthritis(關(guān)節(jié)炎)mayfindthattheheatrelaxesmusclesandrelievespainandinflammation(炎癥).Asthma(氣喘)patientsfindthattheheatenlargesairpassagewaysofthelungandfacilitatesbreathing.Saunasdonotcurethecommoncoldbuttheymayhelptoalleviatecongestion(阻塞)aridspeedrecoverytime.

Thebody’scoretemperatureusuallyrisesa1-2degreeswhileinthesauna,thusimitatingaslightfever.(48)Thesaunacouldbeconsideredtofollowtheoldsaying“feedacold,starveafever”.Theregularuseofasaunamaydecreasethelikelihoodofgettingacoldinthefirstplace.Saunaisgoodforyourskinasthebloodflowtotheskinincreasesandsweatingoccurs.Adultssweatabout2lbsofwaterperhouronaverageinasauna.Agoodsweatremovesdirtandgrimefromporesandgivestheskinahealthyglow.Thelossinwaterweightistemporaryasthebody’sphysiologicalmechanismswillquicklyrestorepropervolumes.

Thecardiovascularsystemgetsaworkoutastheheartmustpumpharderandfastertomovebloodtothesurfaceforheatexchange.(49)

Heartratemayincreasefrom72beatsperminuteonaverageto100-150beatsperminute.Anormalheartcanhandlethesestressesbutthosewithhearttroublewishingtobegintouseasaunashouldseekadoctor’sadvice.Theelderlyandthosewithdiabetesshouldcheckwiththeirdoctorpriortobeginningtotakesaunas.

Pregnantwomenshouldnottakesaunas,particularlyinthefirstthreemonths.(50)

Indeed,everyonejuststartingoutshouldtakeshortsessionsatfirsttobecomeaccustomedtothistypeofbath.第五部分、完形填空AnEarlyFormofJazzMusicMusiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.Attheturnofthelastcentury,_____(51)jazzwasborn,Americahadnoprominent_____(52)ofitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenwasinventedorbywhom.Butitbegantobe_____(53)intheearly1890s.Jazzis