2021屆湖南省長沙市某中學(xué)高三第二次月考英語試題(解析版)

長郡中學(xué)2021屆高三月考試卷（二）英語試題本試題卷共10頁。時量120分鐘。滿分150分。注意事項：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodowiththeclothes?A.Drythem.B.Foldthem.C.Washthem.2.Howwastheweatherrecently?A.Rainy.B.Snowy.C.Sunny.3.Whatdoesthemanwriteaboutfirst?A.Anearthquake.B.Afire.C.Hisboss.4.WhothoughtSarashouldgooverseastostudy?A.Herfriends.B.Herparents.C.Herteacher.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Roommates.C.Husbandandwife.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Borrowabook.B.Buyabook.C.Returnabook.7.Whatcannotbecheckedout?A.Magazines.B.Books.C.Videos.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofdrums?A.Theyareloud.B.Theyareexciting.C.Theyareboring.9.Whenwilltheboybuyelectricdrums?A.Whenheisfamous.B.Oncehegetsgoodatdrums.C.Afterhehasenoughmoney.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Lookingatahouse.B.Arrangingabusinesstrip.C.Choosingaschoolforherchildren.11.Whereisthenearestdepartmentstore?A.Acrossthestreet.B.Oneblockaway.C.Twoblocksaway.12.Whenwillthewomancalltheman?A.Tonight.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Roommates.C.Guideandtourist.14.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Explainthe“economiclaw”.B.Tellhertoday'shomework.C.Lendherhistextbook.15.Howcanthewomanspeakerfinishtheessayquestion?A.Byreferringtotheirtextbook.B.BycopyingarticlesfromtheInternet.C.BysearchingformoreinformationontheInternet.16.Whatwillthespeakerscontinuetotalkabout?A.Lawsrelatedtoeconomics.B.Theireconomiclawteacher.C.Thewebsiteabouteconomics.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoaretheaudiencesprobably?A.Collegestudents.B.Newsreporters.C.Moviefans.18.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Racism.B.Heightism.C.Sexism.19.Whatistheadvantageofthetall?A.Getmoreattention.B.Getmorechoices.C.Getmoreincome.20.Howdomostpeoplefeelaboutbeingtall?A.Theycanearnhighincomefromit.B.Theycangetsatisfactionfromit.C.Nobodycaresabouttheirheight.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAstheleavesstarttochangecolorandtheautumnairturnsfresh,sometimesnothingismoreappealingthantheattractionofagoodbook.Hereareourfourtoppicksforthebestbooks.TheMostFunWeEverHadByClaireLombardoDoubledayDavidandMarilynhavebeenmarriedforever.Fourkidsanddecadeslater,they'restillasinloveasthedaytheymet.Lombardopaintsanextraordinarypictureofafamilyinwhatcouldwellbeoneofthebestnovelspublishedthisyear.TheShadowKingByMaazaMengisteW.W.Norton&CompanyAhistoricalnovelthattakesplaceinthe1930sEthiopia,TheShadowKingfocusesonthefemalesoldierswhotakeuparmsinWorldWarII.Inbeautifulprose（敘述）,Mengisteshinesalightonthosewhoselivesarenotoftennoticed.SomeoneWeKnowByShariLapenaPamelaDormanBooksAquietsuburbantownisshakenbyaseriesofbreak-insandabodythatturnsupinthetrunkofacarinthislatestpsychologicalthrillerbytheauthorofTheCoupleNextDoor.Howarethecrimesrelated?Andwhatdoestheinvaderknow?TheOnlyPlaneintheSky：AnOralHistoryof9/11ByGarrettM.GraffAvidReaderPressJournalistGraffputstogetheranoralhistoryof9/11fromtheperspectiveofnearlyeveryoneinvolved.Everysinglelineisbreathtakingandheartbreaking,weavingtogetherthestoryofpreviously-unimaginableandtragiceventsthatchangedhistory.1.Whichofthefollowingpublishedthebookaboutthearmy?A.Doubleday. B.W.W.Norton&Company.C.PamelaDormanBooks. D.AvidReaderPress.2.Whichauthorisgoodatwritingsuspensestories?A.ClaireLombardo. B.MaazaMengiste.C.ShariLapena. D.GarrettM.Graff.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutTheOnlyPlaneintheSky：AnOralHistoryof9/11?A.It'saboutsometruestoriesin9/11.B.It'saboutsomefemalesoldiersinWorldWarⅡ.C.It'saboutajournalist'sexperiencein9/11.D.It'saboutasingletragiceventin9/11.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了四本選擇率最高、最好的書：《我們有史以來最有趣的事》、《影子國王》、《我們了解的一些人》、《天空中唯一的飛機：911的口述歷史》?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二本書的介紹“Ahistoricalnovelthattakesplaceinthe1930sEthiopia,TheShadowKingfocusesonthefemalesoldierswhotakeuparmsinWorldWarII.(一部發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)30年代埃塞俄比亞的歷史小說，《影子國王》專注于二戰(zhàn)中拿起武器的女士兵)”和W.W.Norton&Company可知，W.W.Norton&Company出版了關(guān)于軍隊的書。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SomeoneWeKnow部分“ByShariLapena”以及第三本書的介紹“Aquietsuburbantownisshakenbyaseriesofbreak-insandabodythatturnsupinthetrunkofacarinthislatestpsychologicalthrillerbytheauthorofTheCoupleNextDoor.Howarethecrimesrelated?Andwhatdoestheinvaderknow?(一個安靜的郊區(qū)小鎮(zhèn)被一系列的闖入事件和一具尸體震撼了，這是《隔壁一對夫婦》的作者的最新心理驚悚片。這些罪行有什么聯(lián)系？入侵者知道什么？)”可知ShariLapena擅長寫驚悚故事。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“JournalistGraffputstogetheranoralhistoryof9/11fromtheperspectiveofnearlyeveryoneinvolved.Everysinglelineisbreathtakingandheartbreaking,weavingtogetherthestoryofpreviously-unimaginableandtragiceventsthatchangedhistory.(記者格拉夫從幾乎所有參與的人的角度整理了一段911的口述歷史，每一句臺詞都是令人嘆為觀止和心碎的，把以前難以想象的故事和改變歷史的事件交織在一起)”可知，TheOnlyPlaneintheSky：AnOralHistoryof9/11這本書是關(guān)于911事件中的真實故事集。故選A。BI'vehandledchopsticksskillfullyfordecades.Whileitusedtoamuseme,itmildlyannoysmenowthatChinesereactwithastonishmenttoseeaforeignerhandlethem—asifsomeonefromacountrythatputamanonthemoonwouldsomehowbeincapableofhandlingtwosimplesticks.Asyoucansee,China'sinfluencestretchedfarandwidelongbeforeopening-upinthelate1970sortoday'sBeltandRoadInitiative.Sotheideathatmostforeignerscannotusechopsticksis,simplyput,fiddlesticks.Myfirstexposuretochopstickscamewaybackinthe1960sviatheelementarypianotuneknownasChopsticks,whicharousedmycuriosityastowhatthewordmeant.Notlongafterward,myparentsintroducedmetoChinesefoodatKingFongCafeinOmaha,Nebraska,which,Ionlylearnedrecently,wasamongthelandmarksoftheheartlandcity'sonce-thrivingChinatownintheearly1900s.Infact,Ihaveundergonespecialkuaizitraining(improvingskills,forexample,byconstantlypickinguppeanutswhenIlivedwithmyChinesetaichimaster)andexperimentation(exploringtheuseofchopstickstosnapuppopcornanddonuts；I'mworkingonicecream).Butthere'sonewesternfoodforwhichchopsticksaretrulyagodsend：salads.AftermovingtoChinain2014,Iboughtasaladataconveniencestore,andtheclerkhandedmekuaizi.Irefusedatfirst,butthenthought,“Allright”andgaveitatry.Amazinglyuseful!Icouldpickandchooseeachsmallpiecemuchmorecarefullywithouthavingtomoveawkwardlytryingtospearthecrispycarrotorcherrytomatoandthenmoveitmouthward.Anotherclearadvantageofthesesimplestoftoolsisthattheyregulatethepaceandvolumeofeating.It'smuchharderto“pigout”byshovelingfoodwithchopsticksthanwithaforkandspoon.However,inthespiritofglobalization,let'snotoverlookthefinerpointsofknifeandfork.Infact,ahandythingabouttheforkisthateveryonecanbasicallyuseitwitheachhand.Idaretosaythat,forChineseandforeignersalike,switchinghandswhileusingchopsticksisnotsoreadilydonewithconfidence.4.Whatmakesthewriterfeelunhappyaboutusingchopsticks?A.People'sfindingitamusing.B.Notbeingabletohandlethemeasily.C.Feelingasifhe/shewasonthemoon.D.Chinesestrangelookonseeinghim/herusingthem.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fiddlesticks“inParagraph1mean?A.Anorm. B.Anonsense. C.Ajoke. D.Ashame.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthewriter'susingchopsticks?A.He/Shefirstlearnttousethemwhenlisteningtoapianotune.B.He/Shecanusechopstickstoeaticecreamskillfully.C.Chopsticksproveusefulineatinganywesternfood.D.Usingchopstickslimitsone'sintakeoffood.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoUseChopsticksB.ChopsticksVSKnifeandForkC.MyExperiencewithChopsticksD.TheGlobalizationofChopsticks【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【解析】【分析】本文為夾敘夾議文。文章主要介紹了一位外國人使用筷子的心得和體會?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"...itmildlyannoysmenowthatChinesereactwithastonishmenttoseeaforeignerhandlethem—asif..."可知，中國人看到外國人可以熟練使用筷子時驚訝的表情讓作者有稍許惱怒。因此，讓作者不高興的是中國人看到他使用筷子時的奇怪表情。故選D項。【5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二句中提到的中國人看到外國人熟練使用筷子時的驚訝，以及第一段第三句"Asyoucansee,China'sinfluencestretchedfarandwidelongbeforeopening-upinthelate1970sortoday'sBeltandRoadInitiative."(正如你見，在上世紀(jì)70年代末的改革開放或今天的“一帶一路”倡議之前，中國的影響力就已經(jīng)廣泛而深遠(yuǎn))這兩個事實的對比，說明認(rèn)為外國人不會用筷子是“胡扯”。A.Anorm.規(guī)范；B.Anonsense.胡說；C.Ajoke.玩笑；D.Ashame.丟臉。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段"Anotherclearadvantageofthesesimplestoftoolsisthattheyregulatethepaceandvolumeofeating."可知，筷子能幫助使用者控制吃飯的速度和量，也就是可以限制人對食物的攝取。故選D項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章講述作者與筷子之間的故事，介紹了自己使用筷子的心得體會。由此可知“我使用筷子的經(jīng)歷”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題，故選C項?！军c睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。該文是介紹了一位外國人使用筷子的心得和體會。CThelastthingCaitlinHippwouldhaveexpectedasshepreparedtoturn28yearsoldwastobelivingathomewithherparents.Butthroughworkingasapart-timeskatinginstructorandrestaurantserver,sheisn'tabletoearnenoughtoliveanywhereotherthanhome.Tosomedegree,multigenerationalhouseholdshavealwaysbeenapartofAmericanlife.However,thenumberofyoungadultswhohavebeenmovingbackinwiththeirparents—orneverleavinghomeinthefirstplace—hasbeengrowingsteadily.UBSFinancialServicesreleasedareportthatevensuggestsonereasonforthegrowingnumberofyoungadultsstilllivingathomecouldbethattheirfamilydoesn'twantthemtoleave.Thereportshowsthat74percentofmillennials（千禧一代）getsomekindoffinancialsupportfromtheirparentsaftercollege.Itfindsthatmillennialshaveredefinedthetiesthatconnectparentsandchildren.Millennialsseetheirparentsaspeers,friendsandinstructors.Nearlythreequarterstalkedwiththeirparentsmorethanonceaweekduringcollege.Inreturn,theirparentshappilyprovidefinancialsupportwellintoadulthood,helpingfundeverythingforthem.StuartHoffman,chiefeconomistforthePNCFinancialServicesGroupintheUS,saidthenumberofyoungadultsstrikingoutontheirownfellduringtheGreatRecession.Althoughjobgrowthformillennialssince2014hasimproved,thatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatmillennialsarestartingtoflythenest.Hesaid,“Theymaylikelivingathomeandbeingabletosavemoney.“There'snodoubtithasheldbackhouseholdformationandpurchasesofthingspeoplespendmoneyonrelatedtohouseholdformationandperhapsrelatedtochild-raising,"Hoffmanexplained."Buttheyareprobablytravelingmoreandeatingoutmoreiftheydon'thaveahouseexpenseormarriage.Idon'tknowifitrepresentsachangeinmoralvalues.Butit'smuchmorecommonforadultchildrentoliveintheirparents5homesbecauseit'sbecomingpartoftheculture.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutCaitlinHipp?A.Sheis28yearsold.B.Sheisfully-engagedintwojobs.C.Shecanhardlyaffordaplacetolive.D.Shepreferslivingwithherparents.9.WhatcanwelearnfromtheUBSFinancialServices'report?A.Millennialsareongoodtermswiththeirparents.B.Millennialsarefinanciallyindependentaftercollege.C.Parentsareunwillingtogivetheiryoungadultsallowance.D.Parentswanttheirkidstostaywiththemforever.10.WhatdoesHoffmanthinkofyoungadults'livingathome?A.Itbooststheconsumptionofhouseholdproducts.B.Itmaycontinuedespitejobgrowth.C.Itisasignofshiftinmoralvalues.D.ItisnewinAmericanculture.11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Tointroducemillennials'livinghabits.B.Tostresstheimportanceoffinancialindependence.C.ToexplainwhyAmericanyoungadultsstillliveathome.D.ToinformpeopleofasocialtrendintheUS.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。在西方的傳統(tǒng)觀念中，成年意味著離開父母獨立生活。然而現(xiàn)在越來越多的西方年輕人更傾向于與父母住在一起?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Butthroughworkingasapart-timeskatinginstructorandrestaurantserver,sheisn'tabletoearnenoughtoliveanywhereotherthanhome.”可知，如果不住在家里，通過做兼職滑冰教練和餐館服務(wù)員，Hipp是不能賺取足夠的錢來找一個地方住。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Itfindsthatmillennialshaveredefinedthetiesthatconnectparentsandchildren.Millennialsseetheirparentsaspeers,friendsandinstructors.Nearlythreequarterstalkedwiththeirparentsmorethanonceaweekduringcollege.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，千禧一代重新定義了父母和孩子之間的聯(lián)系。千禧一代視父母為同齡人、朋友和導(dǎo)師。近四分之三的人在大學(xué)期間每周與父母交談不止一次。)”可推斷，千禧一代和父母相處得很好。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Althoughjobgrowthformillennialssince2014hasimproved,thatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatmillennialsarestartingtoflythenest.(盡管自2014年以來，千禧一代的就業(yè)增長有所改善，但這并不一定意味著千禧一代開始離家)”可知，盡管就業(yè)有所改善，這并不意味著年輕人會離開家。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。縱觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了在美國，越來越多的年輕人傾向于與父母同住的這樣一種社會趨勢，所以D項“告訴人們美國的一種社會趨勢?！弊钅芨爬ㄗ髡叩膶懽髂康?。故選D。D3Dtechnologyhasnowhititsthirderaofmainstreampopularity.Butunlikethe3Dtechnologyinthe1950sorthe1980s,thecurrent3Dmarketdoesn'tseemtobeabouttocrash.Thenextmarketfor3Dmoviesappearstobethehomemarket.Whilesomehomevideoreleaseshaveincludedanaglyph（立體）glasses,consumershaveonlyrecentlyhadthechancetobuytrue3D-capabletelevisions.3D-readytelevisionsoffera3Dmodethatworkswithapairofbattery-poweredLCDshutterlenses.Theseglassesdifferfrompolarizedlenses（偏光鏡片）astheycontainliquidcrystaldisplaysthataresynchronized（同步）withthevideodisplaytoletlightpassthroughatspecificintervals.Shutterlenseshavetobekeptsynchronizedwiththedisplayeitherthroughacableorwirelesssignal.Despiterecentadvancesintechnology,3Dremainsanimperfectandrelativelyexpensivetechnology.PeoplewholikewatchingTVoftenblamethefactthat3Dversionsoffilmsaren'tassharporrichincolorastheir2Dversions.Polarizedglassesalsoreduceperipheralvision（周邊視覺）andleaveviewersfocusedonthecenterofthescreen.Newer3Dtechnologieswillhopefullyovercometheseshortcomings.Besidesmodestimprovements,3Dproducersarealsoworkingtobreakthroughthenextsignificantbarrierin3Ddisplay.Anumberofautostereoscopic（自動立體的）displaysarecurrentlybeingdesigned.Likestereoscopicscreens,autostereoscopicscreensdisplaytwoimagesthataremergedintoonetocausea3Deffect.However,autostereoscopicscreensgetridoftheneedforglassesentirely.Usinglenticular（透鏡的）screens,autostereoscopicdisplaysproduceachangeableimagedependingontheangleatwhichapersonviewsthescreen.Todate,thistechnologyisonlybeingemployedforsmallerdeviceslikecellphones.Currently,theautostereoscopiceffectisdifficulttoachieveonlargerscreensbecauseitrequirestheviewertoviewthescreenfromadirectandconstantangle.Butatthecurrentrateofadvancingtechnologyitshouldn'tbetoolongbeforeviewersareabletositdownathomeorinatheaterandenjoyatrue3Dexperiencewithouttheneedforglasses.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheliquidcrystaldisplays?A.Theyletthelightfromthescreensthroughatanytime.B.Theyfunctionwhenthevideodisplayisworking.C.Theyarebuiltintothepolarizedlenses.D.Theycanreduceperipheralvisiononthescreen.13.Whatshortcomingdorecent3Dversionsoffilmshave?A.Theyarenotavailableinthemarketnow.B.Theyarewatchedthroughpolarizedglasses.C.Theirimagesaren'tclearandcolorful.DViewershavetocentreonthescreen.14.Unlikestereoscopicscreens,whatfeaturesdoautostereoscopicscreenshave?A.Theymakeviewersfocusonthescreencentre.B.Theydisplaytwoimagesmergedintoone.C.Theycanbeviewedwithoutglasses.D.Theyneedtobeviewedfromdifferentangles.15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowards3Dtechnology?A.Positive. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了3D技術(shù)的發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theseglassesdifferfrompolarizedlenses（偏光鏡片）astheycontainliquidcrystaldisplaysthataresynchronized（同步）withthevideodisplaytoletlightpassthroughatspecificintervals.”（這些眼鏡不同于偏光鏡片，因為它們包含與視頻顯示同步的液晶顯示器，讓光線以特定的間隔通過。）可知，液晶顯示器視頻播放是同步運轉(zhuǎn)的。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“PeoplewholikewatchingTVoftenblamethefactthat3Dversionsoffilmsaren'tassharporrichincolorastheir2Dversions.”（喜歡看電視的人經(jīng)常抱怨3D版本的電影不如2D版本的清晰和色彩豐富。）可知，3D電影的缺點是它們的圖像不清晰，色彩也不豐富。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“However,autostereoscopicscreensgetridoftheneedforglassesentirely.”（然而，自動立體屏幕完全不需要眼鏡）可知，與立體顯示屏不同的是，自動立體屏幕完全擺脫了對眼鏡的依賴，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。雖然作者在文中提到了3D技術(shù)中不成熟的一面，但是根據(jù)文章最后一句“Butatthecurrentrateofadvancingtechnologyitshouldn'tbetoolongbeforeviewersareabletositdownathomeorinatheaterandenjoyatrue3Dexperiencewithouttheneedforglasses.”（但以目前科技發(fā)展的速度，用不了多久，觀眾們就能坐在家里或電影院里，不需要戴眼鏡就能享受到真正的3D體驗。）可知，作者對于3D技術(shù)的發(fā)展前景非常樂觀，持支持態(tài)度，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PolarVortexesIfyou'rearesidentoftheUnitedStates,chancesaregoodthatyoumightbefamiliarwithpolarvortexes(渦旋).Inthepastyear,thecountryhasfacedseveraloutbreaksofextremelycoldtemperatures!___16___Well,whyisthishappening?Apolarvortexisalargewhirlwind(旋風(fēng))ofcoldairthatparksitselfintheNorthorSouthPole.Ifitbreaks,coldweatherconditionscanbeobservedinmoresouthernornorthernareas.Thepolarvortexisalwayspresentnearthepolesandcorrespondstothecoldtemperaturesthatwetypicallyassociatewiththeseregions.___17___Duringthewinterseason,itbecomeslessstableandexpands,resultinginthemovementofthismassofcoldairsouthwardsovertheUnitedStates,carriedalongwithajetstream.Nowyoucanprobablyguesshowdangerousthesevortexesare.RegionslikeChicagoandFloridasawtemperaturesthatweremuchlowerthantheaveragefortheseareas.Asaresult,almost21peoplelosttheirlives.___18___Itseemsthatclimatechangeplaysaroleinalmosteverycatastrophethesedays.Whetheritisthemeltingofpolarice,risingsealevels,orevenbigwildfiresaroundtheglobe,climatechangehasahandinthemall.___19___Somescientiststhinkso!AseniorscientistatWoodsHoleResearchCenterarguesthatthemeltingseaiceintheArcticregionsissomehowlinkedtochangesinthepolarvortex.___20___Theyclaimthattheearth'satmosphereisanincrediblycomplicatedsystem,sothereisnorock-solidproofifthesepolarvortexoccurrencesandatmosphericbreakdownsareincreasingornot.Basically,werequirealotmoreresearchbeforewecanblameclimatechangeforthisphenomenon.A.However,someexpertsholddifferentopinionsaboutthat.B.Well,isthepolarvortexalsooneofclimatechange'ssymptoms?C.Willthepolarvortexmakeanappearanceinwhat'sleftofwinter?D.Thismassofcoldairweakensinsummerandstrengthensinwinter.E.InChicago,thetemperaturesdroppedtominus43degreescentigrade.F.Besides,hundredsofpeoplewereinjuredduetotheabnormallycoldweather.G.Comparedwiththenorthernvortex,thesouthernvortexislargerandstronger.【答案】16.E17.D18.F19.B20.A【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了極地渦旋的成因及其危害。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inthepastyear,thecountryhasfacedseveraloutbreaksofextremelycoldtemperatures!(在過去一年里，這個國家經(jīng)歷了幾次嚴(yán)寒的爆發(fā)！)”可知，本句承接上文進行舉例說明極寒天氣在美國爆發(fā)的具體例子，故E選項“在芝加哥，氣溫降到攝氏零下43度”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Duringthewinterseason,itbecomeslessstableandexpands,resultinginthemovementofthismassofcoldairsouthwardsovertheUnitedStates,carriedalongwithajetstream.(在冬季，它變得不穩(wěn)定并膨脹，導(dǎo)致這一團冷空氣隨急流向南移動，越過美國上空)”可知，極地渦旋在冬季變得不太穩(wěn)定并膨脹增強。D項中的strengthens與該空后的lessstableandexpands相互呼應(yīng)。故D選項“這團冷空氣在夏天減弱，在冬天加強”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asaresult,almost21peoplelosttheirlives.(結(jié)果，近21人失去了生命)”由此可知，本句承接上文進一步說明渦旋給人們造成的危害。故F選項“除此之外，數(shù)百人因為異常寒冷的天氣受傷”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itseemsthatclimatechangeplaysaroleinalmosteverycatastrophethesedays.Whetheritisthemeltingofpolarice,risingsealevels,orevenbigwildfiresaroundtheglobe,climatechangehasahandinthemall.(如今，氣候變化似乎在幾乎每一場災(zāi)難中都扮演著重要角色。無論是極地冰的融化，海平面的上升，還是全球范圍內(nèi)的大火，都與氣候變化有關(guān))”以及后文“Somescientiststhinkso!AseniorscientistatWoodsHoleResearchCenterarguesthatthemeltingseaiceintheArcticregionsissomehowlinkedtochangesinthepolarvortex.(一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為是這樣！伍茲霍爾研究中心的一位資深科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，北極地區(qū)海冰的融化與極地渦旋的變化有某種聯(lián)系)”由此可知，根據(jù)該空前的"climatechange"以及氣候變化引發(fā)的一系列災(zāi)害可知，作者在此發(fā)問：極地渦旋也是氣候變化的癥狀之一嗎？后文則做出回答，B項中的climatechange與該空前的climatechange為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故B選項“那么，極地渦旋也是氣候變化的癥狀之一嗎？”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上一段中“Somescientiststhinkso!(一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為是這樣！)”以及后文“Theyclaimthattheearth'satmosphereisanincrediblycomplicatedsystem,sothereisnorock-solidproofifthesepolarvortexoccurrencesandatmosphericbreakdownsareincreasingornot.Basically,werequirealotmoreresearchbeforewecanblameclimatechangeforthisphenomenon.(他們聲稱，地球大氣是一個非常復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)，所以這些極地渦旋的發(fā)生和大氣破裂到底有沒有增加，沒有確鑿的證據(jù)?；旧?，在我們將這種現(xiàn)象歸咎于氣候變化之前，我們還需要更多的研究)”可知，上一段提到有的專家認(rèn)為極地渦旋與氣候變化有關(guān)，后文則說有些專家持否定意見，他們認(rèn)為這一現(xiàn)象還有待于進一步研究，說明本段主要說明的是其他一些對此持不同意見的專家的看法。故A選項“然而，一些專家對此持有不同的觀點”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mydaughterisonlytwoyearsoldand,likemostgirls,alreadyhasanurturingspiritgrowinginsideofher.Shetriesto___21___everythingthatshehas.Shealreadyhasfavoritesuits,favoritetoys,andevenafavoriteblanket.Thisblanketisapinkonethatwaspurchasedforherbeforeshewasborn.Itseemstobetheoneshe___22___theclosest.Ialwaysseeherdraggingthatblanketaround.Shesitsandeatswithit,andevenjumpsrightoutofthebathtoruntoit.Shewon'tturnit___23___!Itgetswashedmanytimesinthecourseofaweekyetitisalmostalways___24___.NormallyIjustlaughatthethingbutrecentlymydaughterhashadacold.Anyparentwilltellyouthatgermscangetintothethingsthechild___25___andcausethemtostaysickinsteadofgettingbetter.So,unwillingly,we___26___theblanketoutofmydaughter'sdailylife.Ofcourse,shewasn't___27___.Itwassomethingthatsheloved,___28___washers,andhadestablishedfamiliaritywith.However,sincetheblanketisgone,shehasabetter___29___ofgettingoverhercoldfasterandnotgettingsickagain.Shedoesn'tknowitbuttheblanketispartofwhatwaskeepinghertrappedinastateofsickness.We,as____30____,knowalotofthingsthatarekeepingusfromourtruepurpose,oreven,truehappiness.Butwewon'tletthem____31____Wehavefriends,habits,andguiltypleasuresthatkeepustrappedinastateofsickness,disappointment,sufferingor____32____.We'dratherkeepthem____33____becausetheyarefamiliar.Butsometimeschangeisbeautiful.____34____oursecurityblanketsisatallorderbuta____35____stepforustogrow.21.A.reserve B.collect C.love D.study22.A.watches B.holds C.follows D.touches23.A.loose B.soft C.easy D.low24.A.broken B.dirty C.warm D.old25.A.makesfunof B.holdsin C.haspowerover D.hascontactwith26.A.kicked B.led C.forced D.sent27.A.excited B.pleased C.confused D.ashamed28.A.guessed B.proved C.knew D.hoped29.A.idea B.sense C.habit D.chance30.A.researchers B.doctors C.adults D.friends31.A.go B.hide C.happen D.develop32.A.pity B.pain C.curiosity D.burden33.A.completed B.safe C.close D.open34.A.Observing B.Keeping C.Repairing D.Dropping35.A.possible B.perfect C.unique D.necessary【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.B28.C29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過2歲的女兒和她最喜歡的毛毯的故事，闡明一個道理：我們習(xí)慣于自己熟悉的事物，雖然其中一些事物會阻礙我們實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)或追尋到真正的幸福，但很多時候我們對這種熟悉產(chǎn)生了一定的依賴，不愿放棄。作者提出，我們要學(xué)會放手，有時改變也是美麗的?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她盡力愛她所擁有的一切。A.reserve保留；B.collect收集；C.love愛；D.study學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)下文多次提到的favorite，第三段中的"Itwassomethingthatsheloved"及作者的女兒對毛毯的喜愛可知love符合語境。作者的女兒盡力去愛自己擁有的物品。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：似乎是她最親近的。A.watches觀察；B.holds拿著；C.follows跟隨；D.touches觸摸。根據(jù)下文dragging的提示可知holds符合語境。故選B項。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她不會放手的！A.loose松的；B.soft軟的；C.easy容易的；D.low低的。根據(jù)上文“Shesitsandeatswithit,andevenjumpsrightoutofthebathtoruntoit.”她坐在那里吃東西拿著它，甚至從浴缸里跳出來跑向它?？芍琹oose符合語境。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然毛毯一周清洗好多次，但還是經(jīng)常被女兒弄臟。A.broken打斷的；B.dirty骯臟的；C.warm溫暖的；D.old陳舊的。根據(jù)washed和yet可知dirty符合語境。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：任何父母都會告訴你，細(xì)菌可以進入孩子接觸過的東西，導(dǎo)致他們生病而不是好轉(zhuǎn)。A.makesfunof取笑；B.holdsin堅持；C.haspowerover對……有影響；D.hascontactwith與……有接觸。根據(jù)germs和sick的提示可知，孩子經(jīng)常接觸到（hascontactwith）的物品容易滋生細(xì)菌，引發(fā)疾病。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我們不情愿地，強迫把毯子趕出我女兒的日常生活。A.kicked踢；B.led領(lǐng)；C.forced強迫；D.sent發(fā)送。女兒很喜歡那條粉色毛毯，但弄臟的毛毯又容易滋生細(xì)菌，雖然不情愿，但作者還是強制女兒遠(yuǎn)離了毛毯。forced與unwillingly搭配，更體現(xiàn)出作者的強迫性。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她當(dāng)然不高興。A.excited激動的；B.pleased高興的；C.confused困惑的；D.ashamed羞愧的。作者不讓自己的女兒玩最喜歡的毛毯，她當(dāng)然不高興。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是她喜歡的東西，是她的，并且已經(jīng)建立了熟悉的東西。A.guessed猜測；B.proved證明；C.knew知道；D.hoped希望。分析語境可知，所填入的詞與loved和hadestablished形成意義上的遞進，所以knew為最佳答案，表示女兒知道她喜歡的東西是自己的。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，因為毯子不見了，她更有可能更快地從感冒中恢復(fù)過來，并且不再生病。A.idea主意；B.sense意識；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.chance機會，可能性。女兒不再經(jīng)常接觸那條毛毯為更快地從感冒中痊愈和以后不再感冒創(chuàng)造了機會，并不是結(jié)果，所以chance為最佳答案。故選D項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為成年人，我們知道很多事情，阻礙了我們實現(xiàn)真正的目標(biāo)，甚至是真正的幸福。A.researchers研究者；B.doctors醫(yī)生；C.adults成人；D.friends朋友。we與所填入的詞指代的人物一致，根據(jù)下文描述的一般人的情況可知adults最佳答案。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有許多事物阻礙我們實現(xiàn)真正的目的，甚至阻礙我們追尋真正的幸福。但是，由于習(xí)慣于這種熟悉，很多時候我們不愿意放手。A.go去；B.hide藏；C.happen發(fā)生；D.develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)上文“keepingusfromourtrue...But...”及下文“becausetheyarefamiliar”可知go符合語境。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有朋友，有習(xí)慣，有罪惡的快樂，這些都讓我們陷入疾病，失望，痛苦或者其他狀態(tài)。A.pity可惜；B.pain痛苦；C.curiosity好奇心；D.burden負(fù)擔(dān)。根據(jù)sickness,disappointment和suffering的提示可知pain符合語境。故選B項。33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們寧愿把他們留在身邊因為他們很熟悉。A.completed完成的；B.safe安全的；C.close近的；D.open放開的。根據(jù)上文“Butwewouldn'tletthemgo”和下文“theyarefamiliar”可知close符合語境。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：放棄我們的安全毯是一個艱巨的任務(wù)，但對我們成長來說是必要的一步。A.Observing觀察；B.Keeping保持C.Repairing修理；D.Dropping丟掉。承接上