2022年甘肅省定西市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級重點匯總（含答案）

2022年甘肅省定西市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級重點匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

OnthegraphoftheIQscoresofalotofpeople,theaveragerangeofthebellcurvewouldhethescore______.

A.below100

B.between90and110

C.between100and110

D.higherthan110

2.

Ifyouwanttointerpretyourdreams,youcanrefertoyourdreamdictionary.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Althoughsomepeopleareannoyedby______ofsingularthey,thisconstructionisusedmoreandmorefrequentlytosolvethepronounproblem.

4.

Thegarmentsmadeofelectricity-storingcarbonnanotubefibersare"smart"inthattheyarebulletproofandcan_______________withsensors.

5.Theprogramaimedatcreatingasingle,federatedsign-onsystemiscalled______.

6.

Darksettingcangiveamessagetothebraintoreleasechemicalsthatleadto______.

7.

Sensitiveteethmayindicateaseriousproblemthatmayneedpromptcarebyadentist.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Sunlightisthedesert'smostcommonresourcewhilefreshairisthedesert'sgreatestnecessity.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.Adrawbacktolowheadhydroelectricpowerstationsisthattheydependon______.

A.thesolaractivity

B.seasonalwaterflow

C.seasonalwinddirection

D.theearth'sselfrotation

10.

Whentheauthordisciplinedhimselftoworkharder,______.

A.hedevelopedsenseofsecurity

B.hisofficehourswerereduced

C.hisefficiencyratiodecreased

D.hewasmorewillingtowork

11.

Youngpeoplearemorelikelytohavetoothdecaywhileolderpeopleareatagreaterriskfor______.

12.

ThePineIslandGlacierisenteringtheoceanatarateof______.

13.Theoriginofhydroelectricpoweristhe______producedwhenwaterobeysthelawsofgravity.

14.

Accordingtotheauthor,thedevelopmentoflaughterisbasedon______.

15.

Althoughmanycountrieshaveplacedbullyproblemsonformalagendas,somesuggestionsabouthandlingandpreventionstillseem______.

16.

Thequalityofyourbackuptoolsdetermineswhetheryouarefrustratedor______whendisasterstrikes.

17.

Sincerainforestbacteriaandtreesdependoncactiotherforlife,therelationshiptheyform.istermed______.

18.Nowadayssleddogsarestillnecessarywhen______.

A.therearesevereweatherconditions

B.flyingmachinesarefullwithpassengers

C.snowmachinesuseuppowerintheArcticregion

D.peopleneedpartnersduringthetravel

19.

Teachersalsomakethesamemistakesasstudents.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Manufacturershavedeveloped______tocorrecterrorslikereceivingsignalofthesamefrequencyfromastrangedevice.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B11】

22.

【B9】

23.(15)

A.Atsmallneighborhoodstores.

B.Inthestoresclosetohishome.

C.Atthesupermarket.

D.Intheshopbytheroad.

24.

【B7】

25.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Beforewebeginourdiscussionoftoday'stopic,I'dliketopointoutafewimportantfeaturesonthesyllabus.First,pleaselookatthecalendar.Asyousee,wewillbemeetingforfifteenweeks.ThelastweekofNovemberwewillnotmeetbecauseoftheThanksgivingholiday.But,alloftheotherdatesarelisted,alongwiththereadingassignmentsinyourtextbook.Ingeneral,itisbettertoreadtheassignedpagesbeforeyoucometoclasssothatyouwillbepreparedtoparticipateinthediscussionthatfollowsthelecture.

Now,let'slookatthecourserequirements.Asyousee,youhaveamidtermexaminationthelastweekofOctober,andafinalexaminationthesecondweekofDecember.Themidtermisworththirtypointsandthefinalisworthfiftypoints.Thatleavestwentypointsfortheprojectthatyouwillbeworkingon,andyouhaveseveralchoicestofulfillthatrequirement.Youcaneitherwriteapaperormakeahalf-hourpresentationonatopicofyourchoice.We'llbetalkingabitmoreabouttheprojectsinthenextseveralweeks.Oh,yes,youwillnoticethatIdon'tfactorattendanceintothegrade,butIdoexpectyoutobehere.Ifyoumustmissclassforwhateverreason,pleasegetintouchwithme.Myofficehoursarelistedonthesyllabus,alongwithmyvoicemailnumberandmyemailaddress.

(27)

A.Readthembeforeclass

B.Readthemafterthediscussion

C.Readthemfollowingthelecture

D.Readthembeforethemidterm

26.(35)

A.Disapprovedofbymostmodernscientists.

B.InagreementwithAristotle'stheoryofself-evidentprinciples.

C.Inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"how"thingshappen.

D.Inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"why"thingshappen.

27.聽力原文：M:Where'sProfessorWhitethismorning?

W:He'salittleundertheweather.Hegotsoakedintheheavyrainthenightbeforelastandyouknowhishealth．

Q:WhatdoesthewomansayaboutProfessorWhite?

(13)

A.Heisweakinhealth.

B.Hehascaughtacold.

C.Heisverycareless.

D.Heisseriouslyill.

28.聽力原文：Doyouhavetroublesleepingatnight?Thenmaybethisisforyou.Whenyouworryaboutneedingsleepandtossandturntryingtofindacomfortableposition,you'reprobablyonlymakingmattersworse.Whathappenswhenyoudothatisthatyourheartrateactuallyincreases,makingitmoredifficulttorelax.Youmayalsohavesomebadhabitsthatcontributetotheproblem.Doyourestfrequentlyduringtheday?Doyougetvirtuallynoexercise,ordoyouexercisestrenuouslylateintheday?Areyoupreoccupiedwithsleep?Ordoyousleeplateonweekends?Anyorallofthesefactorsmightbeleadingtoyourinsomniabydisruptingyourbody'snaturalrhythm.Whatshouldyoudothen,onthosesleeplessnights?Don'tbotherwithsleepingpills.Theycanactuallycauseworseinsomnialater.Thebestthingtodoisdrinkmilk,orcatcheeseortunafish.Theseareallrichinaminoacidsandhelpproduceaneurotransmitterinthebrainthatinducessleep.Thisneurotransmitterwillhelpyourelax,andyou'llbeonyourwaytogettingagoodnight'ssleep.Untiltomorrow'sbroadcast,thishasbeenanotherintheseries"HintsforGoodHealth."

(33)

A.Tomakerecommendationsonsensibledieting.

B.Toreportthelatestadvancesinphysicaltherapy.

C.Torelateanexperimentcombiningsleepandexercise.

D.Toofferadviceaboutsleepingproblems.

29.(18)

A.Thetwospeakerswillcontinuetalkingandbecomefriends.

B.Thetwospeakerswillspendtheirvacationtogether.

C.Thewomanisnotinterestedinthetalk.

D.Themanwilltellthewomanhisbusinessmajor.

30.(33)

A.Eatwiththem.

B.Travelwiththem.

C.Dressthemincostumes.

D.Sleepwiththem.

31.(26)

A.Youcangrowvegetablesvertically.

B.Youcanraiseplantsinaconfinedarea.

C.Youcanplantawidevarietyofplantstogether.

D.Youcanenjoythebeautifulscenery.

32.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Whatdoesitmeantosaythatweliveinaworldofpersuasion?Itmeansthatweliveamong【B1】______interests.Yourroommate'sneedtostudyforanexammaytake【B2】______overpizza.Yourinstructormayhavegoodreasonsnottochangeyourgrade.Andthe【B3】______ofyourromanticinterestmayhaveotheroptions.

Insuchaworld,persuasionistheartofgettingotherstogivefairandfavorable【B4】______toourpointofview.Whenwepersuade,wewantto【B5】______howothersbelieveandbehave.Wemaynotalways【B6】______otherpointsofviewmaybemorepersuasive,dependingonthelistener,thesituation,andthe【B7】______ofthecase.Butwhenwepracticetheartofpersuasion,wetrytoensurethatourpositionreceivestheattentionit【B8】______.

Somepeople,however,objecttotheveryideaofpersuasion.Theymayregardit【B9】______.Incontrast,webelievethatpersuasionisinevitable—toliveistopersuade.Persuasionmaybeethicalorunethical,selflessorselfish,inspiringordegrading.【B10】______.Ethicalpersuasion,however,callsforsoundreasoningandissensitivetothefeelingsandneedsoflisteners.Suchpersuasioncanhelpusapplythewisdomofthepasttothedecisionswenowmustmake.Therefore,【B11】______.

【B1】

33.聽力原文：M:Goodmorning,Percy.

W:Trevor,youhaveoneofthemostunusualstoriesI'veeverheard.Yet,nowadays,youseemtoleadaveryordinarylife.

M:Yes,Percy.I'madentist.IliveandworkinLondon.

W:Butatonetimeyouusedtohaveadifferentjob?

M:Yes,Iwasasoldier.

W:Asoldier?

M:That'sright.

W:Andhowlongagowasthat?

M:Oh,abouttwothousandyearsago.

W:That'sright.TrevorCartridgebelievesthathewasasoldierinthearrayofJuliusCaesar.HerememberscomingtoBritainwiththeRomanarmytwothousandyearsago,Trevor,tellusyourremarkablestory...inyourawnwords!

M:Well,funnilyenough,itallbeganbecauseIwantedtogiveupsmoking.

W:Giveupsmoking?

M:Mm,IusedtosmoketoomuchandItriedtogiveupseveraltimes,butIalwaysstartedsmokingagainafewdayslater.IntheendIwenttoahypnotist.Hehypnotizedme,andIstoppedsmokingatonceIwasdelighted,msyoucanimagine.

W:Yes?

M:Thatmademeveryinterestedinhypnotism,andItalkedtothehypnotistaboutit.Hetoldmethatsomepeoplecouldremembertheirpastliveswhentheywerehypnotized,andheaskedifIwantedtotry.Ididn'tbelieveitatfirst,butintheendIagreed,Hehypnotizedme,andsureenoughIwasaRomansoldierinCaesar'sarmy.

W:Youdidn'tbelieveitatfirst?

M:Ididn'tbelieveitbeforewetriedtheexperiment.NowI’mabsolutelyconvincedit'strue.

(20)

A.Caesar'sarmy.

B.Giveupsmoking.

C.Hypnotism.

D.Ordinarylife.

34.

【B6】

35.

【B3】

36.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Youprobablydon'thavemuchinthewayofsavings,andwithallyourexpenses,itdoesn'tlooklikeyou'llbeabletoimprovethatsituationsoon.[26]1fyouwonderhowtocutcomers,there'sanobviousplacetolookatyourspendinghabits.Doyoubuyasodaeachweekend?Wasteonedollaradayforfortyyears,andwhenyouaresettoretire,you'llfindyouraccountisshortby190,000dollars.Grabacalculatorandyou'lldiscoverthat,overfortyyears,goingouttodinnertwiceamonthatfortydollarseachtimeamountstohalfamillion.[27]Evenapack-a-daycigarettehabitwilllightenyourretirementaccountby330,000dollars.AndthesamewithcableTVandthosecoolearrings.Theywillprobablyamounttoasmuchasonemillion.[26]So,thefirstcluetoaccumulatingwealthisthis:focusonyourspendinghabits.Hereareacoupleoftrickstohelpyousaveevenifyouswearyoucan'taffordto.Stopbuyingthingsthatfallratherthanriseinvalue.Payyourselffirst.[28]Beforeyoupaythemonthlybills,send25dollarstoamutualfund.Stopspendingcoins.Fromnowon,spendonlypapercurrency,andkeepthechangeeveryday.Getyourfamilyinvolved,andyou'lldoubleyoursavings.Usediscountticketsatthesupermarket,butusethemcorrectly.How?Ifyoureallywanttomaketheseticketsworthwhile,[28]youactuallymustinvestintoyourmutualfundstheamountyousavebyusingthetickets.Otherwise,youarewastingyourtimeandyourmoney.

(27)

A.Banksavings.

B.Spendinghabits.

C.Monthlybills.

D.Familydebts.

37.(29)

A.Todrivethetrainafteritisstartedautomatically.

B.Tostartthetrainandtodriveitwhennecessary.

C.Totakecareofthepassengersonthetrain.

D.Tosendcommandingsignalstothecommandspot.

38.聽力原文：M:What'sthematter?Youseemtohavelostsomething.

W:Yes,IrememberIdidputthekeystotheofficeinmyhandbag,buttheyaremissingnow.

Q:Whatissaidaboutthewoman.

(14)

A.Shefindsherhandbagmissing.

B.Sheforgetswheresheputthekeys;

C.Shecan'tfindherkeys.

D.Sheleftherkeysintheoffice.

39.(28)

A.In1873.B.In1875.C.In1893.D.Between1900and1934.

40.(34)

A.Aplatform.worker.

B.Thecommandspot.

C.Acomputer.

D.Amachine.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

【C5】

42.

Theauthorsuggestsinthesecondparagraphthat______.

A.whilesomephysicistsconcludefromthelawsofnaturethatthereisaGod,othersdrawnosuchconclusion

B.itisonlybystudyingphilosophythatamancandevelopreligiousbeliefs

C.byexaminingalivingcellunderamicroscopebiologistscanunderstandtheprocessofevolution

D.thereisadisparityofthinkingbetweenscientistsandpeoplefromotherwalksofliferegardingscienceandreligion

43.

Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthatvideogamesareappealingbecause______.

A.theyexpandthegamers'horizonofimagination

B.theyhelptheplayerstokeepupwiththescientificworld

C.theyarethemostconvenientwayoflearningaboutscience

D.theyteachtheplayerstowritecomputerprogramsbythemselves

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Theimportanceofandfocusontheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe"how-to"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontextandimplications.Muchofthe"how-to"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherform.ofinterviewing.Mostofusareprovablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysisandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthatimportanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyof______.

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

WhenToyotaMotorCorp.movedoneofitsdivisionsintoanenvironmentallyfriendly,or"green",buildinginTorrancethreeyearsago,itexpectedtosaveonitsenergybills.Thebuildingofferednaturallighting,electricity-generatingrooftopsolarpanelsandwaterrecycling.

Butsomethingelsealsohappened.Employeemoralejumpedwhileabsenteeism(曠工)fell.Theoverallenergyandworkerproductivitysavingsmorethanoffsettheaddedcostofmakingthefacilityenvironmentallyfriendly."Thelightingiseasierontheeyesandonthenerves,"ToyotaemployeeMaryJoMoutsiossaid."Itakeasenseofprideinworkinginthisbuilding.It'spleasantandfeelsmoreproductive."

ResultslikeToyota'sarehelpingtosparkabudding"greenrevolution"inAmericanworkplaces.Themovementisstartingtochangehowofficebuildingsaredesignedandcouldrenderthousandsofexistingofficesobsolete(陳舊的，荒廢的).

EmployersincludingGoldman,Sachs&Co.,Wal-MartStoresInc.andHarley-DavidsonInc.arestartingtoaskforbuildingswithmorenaturallight,fresherairandfewertoxicmaterialsinthepaint,carpetingandotherfinishes.LosAngeles,SaltLakeCityandChicagoareamongmanycitiesrequiringnewpublicbuildingstobegreen.Municipalitiesareofferingincentives,suchasfasterconstructionapprovalsandreducedpermitfees,togettheprivatesectortofollowsuit.

Althoughthegreenmovementisinitsinfancy,itsendorsement(認可)byagrowingnumberofprestigiousemployers,developersandcitiesisseenasgivingashotinthearmtothenation'senvironmentalmovementasconcernabouttheeffectsofglobalwarmingandenvironmentalpollutionspread.

Morethan$7.7billionofofficebuildingsnationwideareupforofficialgreencertification,versusabout$790millionin2000.AmongthemorenotablenewgreentowersisWorldTradeCenterinNewYork,a52-storeyskyscraperthatreplacedabuildingatthesameaddressthatwasdestroyedinthe2001terroristattacks.

Thebuildingwhichoffersnaturallighting,electricity-generatingrooftopsolarpanelsandwaterrecyclingiscalled______.

46.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Corporateexecutivesingeneralareworththehighpaytheyreceive.

B.Theincomeofcorporateexecutivesisproportionaltothegrowthofcorporateprofits.

C.Corporateexecutivestendtotakeadvantageoftheirpositiontoenrichthemselves.

D.Theperformanceofcorporateexecutivesaffectstheirowninterestsmorethanthoseoftheshareholders.

47.

Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?

48.

Thesemoviesdelightedallaudiencesbecausetheywere______

A.inspirationalincontent

B.purelyandsimplyAmerican

C.shortandhumorous

D.internationalintone

49.

Whatdocsthelastparagraphsuggest?

A.TherecruitinglettersMackReiterreceivedofferedhimfullscholarships.

B.MackReiterwantedtohelphisfamilygooutofthetrouble.

C.Traditionalscholarshipsareagoodsolutiontothetuitionproblemsinsomefamilies.

D.MackReiterwasveryproudofhisnationalwrestlingchampionship.

50.Ifyouoftentravelonbusiness,______.

A.you'dbetterconsidertakingacapwithyou

B.manyrewardscardswillnotlimittoyou

C.youwillnevercomeclosetothelimitation

D.you'dbetterchooseahigherlimitationcard

51.

Whatcanbeimpliedfromthelastparagraph?

A.Russiawillsoonsufferfromisolation.

B.Russiawillsoonloseitssatellites.

C.FormerSovietsatellitesresistRussia'senteringWTO.

D.SomeEUofficialsunderstandRussia'sposition.

52.

Inthepoem,Satanisdescribedas______.

A.anevilperson

B.contrarytowhatisdepictedintheBible

C.selfishandcrueldevil

D.astupidghost

53.

WhatistheAmericanDreamofthewell-to-dobuiltupon?

54.

Whichofthefollowingviewsisconsistentwithwhatthedevelopmentalistshold?

A.Childrenaremostinfluencedbytheirpeersthanbytheirparents.

B.Twinsarequitedifferentiftheyarerearedintwoseparatefamilies.

C.Identicaltwinsrearedinthesamehomearedifferentinpersonality.

D.Nurturehasalesssignificanteffectonchildren'spersonalitydevelopment.

55.AccordingtothesurveymadebyJonesandhercolleagues,newdiseasesariseasaresultofdramaticincreasesinpopulation,internationaltradeandtravel,and________.

56.

Accordingtothestudyteam,______isapracticethatcanencouragetransmissionofthebirdflu.

57.

Drinkingcoffeeorsleepingseparatelyislesseffectivethan______.

58.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theantioxidantissomethingthat______.

A.makesfruitsandvegetablesdelicious

B.addsnutritiontofruitsandvegetables

C.canneutralizeharmfulfreeradicals

D.cancurecancerandheartdisease

59.(61)

60.

Accordingtothepassage,authorshipisimportantwhen______.

A.practicalorimpracticalsuggestionsoftheauthorsareconsidered

B.appointmentsandpromotionsoftheauthorsareinvolved

C.evaluatorsneedtoreviewthepublicationoftheauthors

D.thepublicationoftheauthorshasbecomemuch-cited

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.

【S6】

62.

【S8】

63.

【S5】

64.【S8】

65.

【S4】

五、6.Translation(5題)66.Idon'tfeelwelltoday;I'mafraid__________(我得打電話請病假了).

67.Hewouldnevergivein______(即使敵人百般拷打).

68.Shecookedthemeatforalongtime______________.(以使它吃起來很嫩)

69.WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,I______(不認為不能解決這些問題).

70.Thatfamousscientist________________________(將其成功歸因于刻苦勤奮)．

參考答案

1.B解析：由題干graph，IQ，bellcurve定位到第二個小標題下第三段第二句Whenplacedonagraph,theIQtestscores...abellcurve,withmostpeoplescoringintheaveragerange.(當(dāng)很多人的智商測試分數(shù)被做成表格的時候，會呈現(xiàn)一個鐘形的曲線，大部分人的分數(shù)位于中等區(qū)域。)而其前一句指出IQtestsarealsostandardizedsothatmostpeoplescore

2.B解析：參見第2個小標題OneInterpretationDoesn'tFitAll下面的第2段的第2句：Myadviceistothrowawayyourdreamdictionaryifyoureallywanttointerpretyourdreams．因此可知本題的答案為N。

3.theincorrectgrammartheincorrectgrammar解析：由“SolvingthePronounProblem”部分第一段中的“Mostpeople，whenwritingandspeakinginformally，relyonsingulartheyasamatterofcourse．．．Somepeopleareannoyedbytheincorrectgrammarthatthissolutionnecessitates，butthisconstructionisusedmoreandmorefrequently．”可見人們經(jīng)常把“they”用作單數(shù)代詞來解決代詞的性別歧視問題。盡管有人認為這種用法不合語法，但它的使用頻率越來越高。故本題的正確答案是“theincorrectgrammar”。

4.adjustthetemperatureoftheclothingadjustthetemperatureoftheclothing解析：參見“StunningUsesofNanotechnology”小節(jié)部分第4段倒數(shù)第2句：Sincetheyalsoconductelectricity，thefuturisticyarnscouldbewoveninto“smart”clothingthatstoreselectricity，ispotentiallybulletproofandincorporatessensorscapableofadjustingthetemperatureofgarment．

5.openID．openID．解析：由題干中的creatingasingle，federatedsign-onsystem可以定位到第九段的末句OthersarepushingOpenID，aplantocreateasingle，federatedsign-onsystemthatpeoplecanuseacrossmanysites，此處需要填入名詞性成分作called的賓語。根據(jù)原句結(jié)構(gòu)，aplanto…．是用來說明OpenID的問位語成分，故可知此處答案為openID。

6.yawninganddullnessyawninganddullness解析：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Darksetting，giveamessageto，thebrain，chemicals定位到原文第六部分第一段Whenoureyesseetheskiesbegintodarken，“signalsthepinealglandtoleaksomechemicalintothebrain,whichbringsaboutyawninganddullness．故答案是yawninganddullness。

7.A解析：定位到文章中標題GivingPlaquetheBrush-Off下的末段：Ifyouhaveteeththataresensitivetoheat，cold，andpressure，youmaywanttotryaspecialtoothpasteforsensitiveteeth．Butyou'llstillneedtotalktoyourdentistaboutyoursensitivitybecauseitmaybeindicativeofamoreseriousproblem，suchasacavityornerveirritation。(如果你的牙齒對冷、熱、刺激都過敏，你可能想試用抗過敏的特制牙膏。但是你仍然需要立刻去看牙醫(yī)，因為牙齒敏感可能預(yù)示更嚴重的問題，比如蛀牙洞或神經(jīng)過敏。)題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述和概括。

8.B解析：文章第四段中提到沙漠中最普遍的能源是陽光，最需要的是水，而不是新鮮空氣。

9.B解析：本題考查低水頭水力發(fā)電站的缺點，故將答案出處定位到第七段。該段介紹了低水頭水力發(fā)電的工作過程，末句的Unfortunately引出其缺點：theirelectricityproductioncapacityfluctuateswithseasonalwaterflowinariver，即其缺點是發(fā)電量要隨著季節(jié)性的水流而波動，其中fluctuate意為“波動，漲落”，故[B]為答案。

10.C解析：選項C與原文該部分第3句中的efficiencyratio…lower同義，故為本題答案。選項B是作者嘗試的另一種方法，選項A、D與原文意思相反。

11.rootcariesrootcaries解析：定位到文章中MoreDentalProblems標題下的第二句：Childrenarethemostcavityprone，butadultsofallagescanbeaffected，too．Infact，twooutofthreecavitiesinpeopleover50arearesultofdecayaroundexistingfillings，andmostpeopleover60haverootcariesasaresultofgumdiseases．(兒童最容易長蛀牙洞，但是任何年齡的成年人也不例外。事實上，在五十歲以上的人中，三個蛀牙洞中有兩個是在已經(jīng)填補過的牙洞周圍腐蝕的，而且大多數(shù)60歲以上的人由于牙齦疾病而容易患牙根蛀牙。)題干中的morelikelyto是對原文中prone的解釋。題干是對原文意思的概括。

12.sixmetersadaysixmetersaday解析：見文章的最后一部分的第一段，在9月23號的《科學(xué)》雜志上，國家航空和宇宙航行局提供了PinelslandGlacier陷入到海洋的速度是每天6米的信息。

13.kineticenergykineticenergy解析：本題考查水力發(fā)電的原始能源，也就是轉(zhuǎn)化為電力的能源。該段首句提到，Hydroelectricplantsconvertthekineticenergywithinfallingwaterintoelectricity，即水利發(fā)電站把水流落下產(chǎn)生的動能轉(zhuǎn)換成電能，其中waterobeysthelawsofgravity對應(yīng)fallingwater，故答案為kineticenergy。

14.thedevelopmentofspeechthedevelopmentofspeech解析：最后一段第1句：Thedevelopmentofspeechundeniablyisanindispensablefactorinthedevelopmentofman'scapacitytothinkandestablishamasteryofhisenvironment；itwasalso,Itheorize，thebasicconditioninthedevelopmentoflaughter．空白處需要名詞性成分。題目把原文第2個分句中的主動語態(tài)換成了被動語態(tài)，所以答案為主語it的所指。根據(jù)分號提示，it指代第1個分句的主語thedevelopmentofspeech，即答案所在。

15.ill-conceivedorevencounterproductiveill-conceivedorevencounterproductive解析：參見J段第1、2句“Asbully/victimproblems...placedonformalschoolagendas,anumberofsuggestions...Someofthesesuggestions...seemill-conceivedorevencounterproductive...”

16.haveapeacefulmindhaveapeacefulmind解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的Thequalityofyourbackuptools找到小標題TheRightToolsfortheRightJob下第一段第一句Whendisasterstrikes,thequalityofyourbackuptoolscanmakethedifferencebetweenutterfrustrationandpeaceofmind.(當(dāng)災(zāi)難來臨時，是徹底的崩潰還是內(nèi)心平靜，備份工具的質(zhì)量將起決定作用。)由此可得答案haveapeacefulmind。

17.symbioticsymbiotic解析：由題干中的bacteria和relationship定位到第三個小標題下第3段第2、3句Rainforestbacteriaandtreeshaveaveryclose，symbiotic(共生的)relationship.Thetreesprovidethebacteriawithfood…此處需要填入形容詞性成分。原文第3句和題干中的rainforestbacteriaandtreesdependoneachotherforlife表述的內(nèi)容相同；而第3句是對第2句的進一步介